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毕业设计不会做，抄也要讲究方法作为一个已经毕业了的大学生，在做毕业设计的过程中，无论是设计成果的研究还是毕业论文的撰写，不可回避的一个问题就是抄袭。作为一个过来人，我想说的是，做毕业设计难免会有抄袭的现象，但是一定要掌握方法，千万不要盲目的抄完了事，那样做是非常危险的。有的同学看都不看就抄到论文上去了，有的同学拿着别人做完的东西都不研究一下就参加答辩去了。我就听过一个活生生、血淋淋的例子——老师问：“你这段代码是什么意思？”答：“我不知道。”老师又问下一段代码，又不知道，老师问：“这是你做的吗？”答：“不是，老师给的。”其结果可想而知了。你们想想，那些东西都是往届毕业生做出来的，老师们能看不出来吗？掩耳盗铃，自欺欺人，大家都是成年人，我想不用多说了吧。大家在完成毕业设计的过程中肯定会遇到各种各样的现实性困难，成果做不出来了怎么办?论文写不出来了怎么办？外文文献不会翻译怎么办？其实这都好办，世界上再难的技术也是人做出来，没有成果就找个现成的东西；论文写不出来就多看几本书，多引用书里的内容；外文水平不高就用翻译软件。总之一句话，你有张良计，我有过墙梯，物竟天择，适者生存。文章转自 众赏文库 毕业设计论文,专业文档下载
就目前人工智能的发展水平来看，机器降重还远远做不到“准确读取语句的意思，并将之用不同的词汇表述出来”我学姐推荐的北京译顶科技那边做的不错，你可以考虑一下。你可以加速去知道了解下
关联理论如何在信息型文本翻译实践报告中体现， 随着中外跨文化交际活动不断发展,越来越多的社科类译著出现在中国读者的面前。由于一般的社科类作品较少包含自然科学著作中难以理解的术语或概念,语言也不如文学类作品般富有文学色彩,社科类本文的翻译一直没有得到译者和学者的充分讨论。关联理论的翻译观是厄恩斯特·格特在关联理论基础上提出的。他认为译者的任务是在原语认知语境和目的语认知语境之间寻求最佳关联,让读者以最少的努力获得足够的语境效果。本文立足于关联理论,以社科类著作《单身女性生存录》为例,试图探索如何在语境中寻找到中英语言之间的最佳关联,总结社科类文本的具体翻译方法和策略,以期为未来的社科类文本翻译者提供借鉴思路。本文分为五章,第一章为对文章研究目的及结构的简要介绍;第二章对国内社科类文本翻译研究进行了文献综述;第三章讨论了关联理论的主要内容;第四章根据关联理论,从语义、句法和文化三个层面出发,对《单身女性生存录》中的具体译例进行了详细分析;最后一章为本文研究结果以及局限的结论。
最简单的事用金山词霸翻译
在 LiFePO4 阴极上的温度效果 导言 由于商业化的锂离子电池的基础上 1991年在索尼的努力下，已经给 找到一个替代材料在双方的电池。 应用锂离子电池已广泛 扩大在便携市场。不过，为了扩大 他们的申请书，以电动车和混合电动车下 成本和更好的安全特性阴极材料 所需的应用锂离子电池在电动汽车。最近, 广泛的研究关于发展一个阴极 材料用较好的表现超过 LiCoO2. 自从 Padhi 以及其他人 [3] 第一次已经报告锂 烫磷酸盐。 许多工人已经集中焦点在他们的 关于将这一个阴极 [4] 最佳化研究。 LiFePO4 和它 当做阴极材料棒兴趣变成因为 它的好能力、安全、耐久性和 环保性。 然而, 为大类型的申请, 这 材料一定在高度示范它的安定和低的 温度。 结果 李/EC-十二月 -1 MLiPF6 的可逆能力/ LiFePO4 细胞在低的解除率获得了在不同的 温度分别地是 160, 158 而且 138 mAh/g 对于 60 °C, 25 °C 和在 -10 °C。 身材 -1 表演李/LiFePO4 细胞表现在各种不同的 温度和在解除率。 在 2个 C 率, 那 放电的能力是 , 而且 mAh/g 分别地为 60, 25 和 -10 ° C. 细胞能递送在 在 0,1个 C 率的 25 °C 的 -10 °C 能力的 81% 的。 那 ragone 情节 () 表示好表现 在 25 ° 和 60 °C 的 LiFePO4。
Second, status quo The trademark name for people like commodities as important. For commodities, trade mark is not only a title, but also a symbol of quality, enterprises, trademarks do not have to open more of a salesman. Trademarks competition as a special language symbols, have their differences, and the protection of advertising, we in the process of translation needs more stringent carefully and seriously weighed. In recent years, many scholars from a variety of different angles on the translation of the word in English and Chinese trademark conducted an in-depth study and research, and put forward some of the theoretical basis for the translation of strategy. Cultural perspective In international trade, a well-known brand names faithful translation of the language allows a potential entry point for consumers from knowing the product. "Literal translation" of the trademark is the original meaning of the surface of the converter. However, the special case of trademarks, and sometimes literal not a good expression of the cultural trademarks of the original flavor, but also because of cultural differences may be unable to target markets and customer acceptance of its products. Dai-rong (2004) from the start with cultural factors, on the trademark translation notable commercial purposes in the Western culture and the great differences in the translation, the traditional "true" and "equivalent" translation standards have been unable to adapt trademark translation flexibility not without losing the "letter" or "letter." I should be the desired goal at the top of translation. Trademark Translation is a cross-language, cross-cultural communication, and made in the translation of Chinese and Western cultures should focus on the exchange of information (Yuan Zhifa, 2007). Wang 1 (2007) in its "trademark trademark translation and cultural translation of the" trademarks in the text of a translation should be allowed to trademark product information disclosed; trademark advertising language translation must be consistent with the cultural identity; trademark translation market with the goal of social and political concern to close problems associated. An aesthetic point of view There are also many scholars believe that attention should be paid to trademark translation trademark aesthetic values. Trademarks to trigger a potential users better Lenovo. "Translation" is based on such purposes is in the majority. Mei Li (2007) from an aesthetic point of view, in its "aesthetic perspective from the translation of brand names in an article entitled" on the sale of trademarks in products plays an important role in advertising, the name of the goods it is necessary to use a translation, easily overwhelming majority consumers understand the ordinary people but also the aesthetic needs and aesthetic capacities, and for them to accept and appreciate, but also in line with the national, political, economic, cultural and religious beliefs and customs. Trademarks can be aesthetic features of the sound from the United States, form the United States, the United States intended to explore three areas, the translator should have the courage to innovation, with the sound translated the United States, Italy and the United States market effect of translation. (Cuijinqi, 2006) Function on the angles The same information, use two different languages, different recipients, but it has to have the same effect, which is equivalent translation of the main principles (Liu Chang-e, 2007). Li Ying (2003), Xiao Hui (2000), and other people think that the trademark should not rigidly adhere to the original translation, but should be flexible. The trademark translation and text to produce the same or similar functions. Li Ying in its "equivalent English translation of the word trademark" trademark in the translation should be avoided because of cultural differences in the use of a different understanding of the term as far as possible Baoyi or neutral color word, as brief as possible accessibility, innovative and good mind Word. And the lack of regret China's trademark translation After several decades of development and through the diligence of many research scholars have made notable achievements. But research in the field there are still some deficiencies and shortcomings. Translation Studies trademark line with the actual use. Traditional methods of translation, linguistics approach because too much emphasis on "faithful" and ignored cultural factors, resulting in the one-sidedness and on the actual operation of blindness. For example, the trademark is intended to arouse customers better purchasing desire to mark commercial function. Translation sector more than talking about is a trademark translation Alto, shape, the name of the right and so on, and ignored the trademark been accepted by the target market of consumers. Therefore, in the process of translation trademarks often be asked trademarks and translated language culture does not conform with trademark violation in the target language: the customary usage, and so on. 阿拉伯文到英语朝鲜语到英语德语到法语德语到英语俄语到英语法语到德语法语到英语荷兰语到英语葡萄牙语到英语日语到英语西班牙语到英语希腊语到英语意大利语到英语英语到阿拉伯文英语到朝鲜语英语到德语英语到俄语英语到法语英语到荷兰语英语到葡萄牙语英语到日语英语到西班牙语英语到希腊语英语到意大利语英语到中文(繁体)英语到中文(简体)中文到英语中文(繁体到简体)中文(简体到繁体)
对LiFePO4 负极的温度作用 表现 介绍 自从李离子电池的商品化根据 1991 年LiCoO2 由索尼, 大努力演讲了 发现一供选择物质在电池的双方。 李离子电池的应用广泛是 扩展在便携式的市场上。但是, 扩展 他们的在电和杂种车的应用降下 费用和更好的安全特征负极材料是 要求为李离子电池的应用在EV 和 HEV [ 1, 2 ] 。 最近, 关于开发负极的广泛的研究 材料以更好的表现比LiCoO2 。从那以后 Padhi 等[ 3 ] 第一次报告了锂 钢磷酸盐。许多工作者聚焦了他们 对优选这个负极的研究[ 4 ] 。LiFePO4 和它 情况巨大利益当负极材料由于 它的好容量, 安全, 耐久性和environmentfriendly 。 但是, 为大应用范围, 这 材料必须展示它的稳定在到处 温度。 LiFePO4 的新一代显现了出由Phostech 是 使用在这项研究。我们此中报告细胞表现 在温度大愤怒: , , , 和 在 。WSB 细胞表现与比较 PVdF 细胞在各种各样的温度。充电的方式 CC 和CC 与CV 被调查 实验性 被碾压的李离子和锂金属配置 电池被评估了使用液体和胶凝体聚合物 电解质在EC-DEC + 1MLiPF6 。LiFePO4 (新 世代) 是上漆的在铝–碳收藏家 以PVDF 和WSB 黏合剂。到处的作用 温度在细胞表现被学习了。 充电–放电特征被评估了在数 率在 和4 V 之间电压极限。 结果 Li/EC Dec 1MLiPF6/ 反演性容量 LiFePO4 细胞以低放电率被获得在不同 温度是160, 158 和138 mAh/g 各自 为, 和在 。 图1 显示Li/LiFePO4 细胞表现在各种各样 温度和以放电率。以2C 率, 被释放的容量是, 和 mAh/g 各自地为60, 25 和-10 .C 。细胞可能交付在 81% 容量在 以0, 率。 ragone 剧情() 显示好表现 LiFePO4 在25 . 和在 。
在 LiFePO4 阴极上的温度效果表现介绍自从以李-离子电池的商业为基础的以后索尼公司的 LiCoO2 在 1991 年, 大的努力已经被提出到在电池的两者边中找其它可能的材料。 李-离子电池的申请已经广泛地扩大在手提式的市场中。 然而, 扩张他们电和混合的车辆申请降低费用和较好的安全特性阴极材料是在电子伏为李-离子电池的申请需要和HEV[1,2]. 最近, 广泛的研究关于发展一个阴极材料用较好的表现超过 LiCoO2. 自从Padhi 以及其他人 [3] 第一次已经报告锂烫磷酸盐。 许多工人已经集中焦点在他们的关于将这一个阴极 [4] 最佳化研究。 LiFePO4 和它当做阴极材料棒兴趣变成因为它的好能力、安全、耐久性和 环保性。 然而, 为大类型的申请, 这材料一定在高度示范它的安定和低的温度。 被 Phostech 发展的新一代的 LiFePO4 是在这研究用。 在此我们报告细胞表现在温度的大愤怒: 60 °C 、 40 °C 、 25 °C, 0 °C 和在 -10 ° C. WSB 细胞的表现被相较在各种不同的温度 PVdF 细胞。 要价模态CC 和 CC 用 CV 被调查实验的叠片李-离子和锂以金属复盖结构电池使用液体和凝胶聚合体被评估在 EC 的电解物-+1 年十二月 MLiPF6. LiFePO4(新的世代) 在铝-碳的搜集家上被外面复盖藉由 PVDF 和 WSB 缚者。 高度的效果和低点在细胞表现上的温度被学习。 那费用-解除的特性被评估在一些在 而且 4V 的电压极限之间评估。 结果李/EC-十二月 -1 MLiPF6 的可逆能力/LiFePO4 细胞在低的解除率获得了在不同的温度分别地是 160, 158 而且 138 mAh/g对于 60 °C, 25 °C 和在 -10 °C。 身材 -1 表演李/LiFePO4 细胞表现在各种不同的温度和在解除率。 在 2个 C 率, 那放电的能力是 , 而且 mAh/g分别地为 60, 25 和 -10 ° C. 细胞能递送在在 0,1个 C 率的 25 °C 的 -10 °C 能力的 81% 的。 那ragone 情节 () 表示好表现在 25 ° 和 60 °C 的 LiFePO4。
您好，近年来，国外影视剧字幕英译研究取得了显著的进展。首先，字幕英译的研究方法发生了重大变化，从以往的以语言学为主的研究方法，转变为以跨文化交际为主的研究方法。其次，字幕英译研究也受到了计算机辅助翻译（CAT）的影响，许多研究者将CAT技术应用于字幕英译研究，以提高翻译质量和效率。此外，字幕英译研究也受到了认知语言学的影响，许多研究者将认知语言学理论应用于字幕英译研究，以更好地理解字幕英译的过程。总的来说，国外影视剧字幕英译研究取得了显著的进展，为字幕英译的研究和实践提供了有益的指导。
2022年国外影视剧字幕英译研究现状2022年国外影视剧字幕英译研究现状分析：随着现代社会的发展，越来越多的人开始接触和了解外国影视剧，字幕英译也成为一个重要的研究课题。字幕英译不仅仅涉及到文字的翻译，还包括文化背景的考虑，以及语言的使用。首先，字幕英译需要考虑文化背景。外国影视剧中的文化元素不仅仅是影视剧的内容，还包括台词、调谐、礼仪、习俗等。字幕英译者需要考虑这些文化元素，并根据英语文化的特点进行翻译。其次，字幕英译需要考虑语言的使用。外国影视剧中的台词和对话可以用不同的语言表达，字幕英译者需要根据台词和对话的内容，选择最合适的语言来表达。最后，字幕英译需要考虑字幕的翻译。字幕英译者需要根据字幕的内容，选择最合适的词汇和句子，以最大限度地表达字幕的内容。总的来说，2022年国外影视剧字幕英译研究现状将会发生显著变化，字幕英译者将会面临更多的挑战，以提高字幕英译的质量。
属于实证研究，2015年3月21日以往的电影字幕翻译类论文,通常以思辨类为主,缺乏实证研究。从互文性理论的视角下,通过数据分析和问卷调查的实证研究探究《功夫熊猫》国语、粤语...，
研究成果尤为显著。经查阅原创力文档得知1995年以后，西方影视翻译研究进入了迅速发展的时代，相关的理论研究明显增加，欧洲学者的研究成果尤其显著。字幕：是指以文字形式显示电视、电影、舞台作品中的对话等非影像内容，也泛指影视作品后期加工的文字。
Second, status quo The trademark name for people like commodities as important. For commodities, trade mark is not only a title, but also a symbol of quality, enterprises, trademarks do not have to open more of a salesman. Trademarks competition as a special language symbols, have their differences, and the protection of advertising, we in the process of translation needs more stringent carefully and seriously weighed. In recent years, many scholars from a variety of different angles on the translation of the word in English and Chinese trademark conducted an in-depth study and research, and put forward some of the theoretical basis for the translation of strategy. Cultural perspective In international trade, a well-known brand names faithful translation of the language allows a potential entry point for consumers from knowing the product. "Literal translation" of the trademark is the original meaning of the surface of the converter. However, the special case of trademarks, and sometimes literal not a good expression of the cultural trademarks of the original flavor, but also because of cultural differences may be unable to target markets and customer acceptance of its products. Dai-rong (2004) from the start with cultural factors, on the trademark translation notable commercial purposes in the Western culture and the great differences in the translation, the traditional "true" and "equivalent" translation standards have been unable to adapt trademark translation flexibility not without losing the "letter" or "letter." I should be the desired goal at the top of translation. Trademark Translation is a cross-language, cross-cultural communication, and made in the translation of Chinese and Western cultures should focus on the exchange of information (Yuan Zhifa, 2007). Wang 1 (2007) in its "trademark trademark translation and cultural translation of the" trademarks in the text of a translation should be allowed to trademark product information disclosed; trademark advertising language translation must be consistent with the cultural identity; trademark translation market with the goal of social and political concern to close problems associated. An aesthetic point of view There are also many scholars believe that attention should be paid to trademark translation trademark aesthetic values. Trademarks to trigger a potential users better Lenovo. "Translation" is based on such purposes is in the majority. Mei Li (2007) from an aesthetic point of view, in its "aesthetic perspective from the translation of brand names in an article entitled" on the sale of trademarks in products plays an important role in advertising, the name of the goods it is necessary to use a translation, easily overwhelming majority consumers understand the ordinary people but also the aesthetic needs and aesthetic capacities, and for them to accept and appreciate, but also in line with the national, political, economic, cultural and religious beliefs and customs. Trademarks can be aesthetic features of the sound from the United States, form the United States, the United States intended to explore three areas, the translator should have the courage to innovation, with the sound translated the United States, Italy and the United States market effect of translation. (Cuijinqi, 2006) Function on the angles The same information, use two different languages, different recipients, but it has to have the same effect, which is equivalent translation of the main principles (Liu Chang-e, 2007). Li Ying (2003), Xiao Hui (2000), and other people think that the trademark should not rigidly adhere to the original translation, but should be flexible. The trademark translation and text to produce the same or similar functions. Li Ying in its "equivalent English translation of the word trademark" trademark in the translation should be avoided because of cultural differences in the use of a different understanding of the term as far as possible Baoyi or neutral color word, as brief as possible accessibility, innovative and good mind Word. And the lack of regret China's trademark translation After several decades of development and through the diligence of many research scholars have made notable achievements. But research in the field there are still some deficiencies and shortcomings. Translation Studies trademark line with the actual use. Traditional methods of translation, linguistics approach because too much emphasis on "faithful" and ignored cultural factors, resulting in the one-sidedness and on the actual operation of blindness. For example, the trademark is intended to arouse customers better purchasing desire to mark commercial function. Translation sector more than talking about is a trademark translation Alto, shape, the name of the right and so on, and ignored the trademark been accepted by the target market of consumers. Therefore, in the process of translation trademarks often be asked trademarks and translated language culture does not conform with trademark violation in the target language: the customary usage, and so on.
国内外研究现状英文：Research status at home and abroad
例句：
1、The research status at home and abroad of project procurement risk management.
第2章工程项目采购风险管理的国内外研究现状。
2、Then the methods of identifying system and research status at home and abroad are given. 其次介绍了系统辨识的方法以及系统辨识的国内外研究现状。
3、Its main contents are: 1. Brief SAR image denoising and fusion, classification and recognition, and research status and progress. 其主要内容为：1.简述SAR图像去噪和融合、分类识别以及国内外研究现状和进展。
Second, status quo The trademark name for people like commodities as important. For commodities, trade mark is not only a title, but also a symbol of quality, enterprises, trademarks do not have to open more of a salesman. Trademarks competition as a special language symbols, have their differences, and the protection of advertising, we in the process of translation needs more stringent carefully and seriously weighed. In recent years, many scholars from a variety of different angles on the translation of the word in English and Chinese trademark conducted an in-depth study and research, and put forward some of the theoretical basis for the translation of strategy. Cultural perspective In international trade, a well-known brand names faithful translation of the language allows a potential entry point for consumers from knowing the product. "Literal translation" of the trademark is the original meaning of the surface of the converter. However, the special case of trademarks, and sometimes literal not a good expression of the cultural trademarks of the original flavor, but also because of cultural differences may be unable to target markets and customer acceptance of its products. Dai-rong (2004) from the start with cultural factors, on the trademark translation notable commercial purposes in the Western culture and the great differences in the translation, the traditional "true" and "equivalent" translation standards have been unable to adapt trademark translation flexibility not without losing the "letter" or "letter." I should be the desired goal at the top of translation. Trademark Translation is a cross-language, cross-cultural communication, and made in the translation of Chinese and Western cultures should focus on the exchange of information (Yuan Zhifa, 2007). Wang 1 (2007) in its "trademark trademark translation and cultural translation of the" trademarks in the text of a translation should be allowed to trademark product information disclosed; trademark advertising language translation must be consistent with the cultural identity; trademark translation market with the goal of social and political concern to close problems associated. An aesthetic point of view There are also many scholars believe that attention should be paid to trademark translation trademark aesthetic values. Trademarks to trigger a potential users better Lenovo. "Translation" is based on such purposes is in the majority. Mei Li (2007) from an aesthetic point of view, in its "aesthetic perspective from the translation of brand names in an article entitled" on the sale of trademarks in products plays an important role in advertising, the name of the goods it is necessary to use a translation, easily overwhelming majority consumers understand the ordinary people but also the aesthetic needs and aesthetic capacities, and for them to accept and appreciate, but also in line with the national, political, economic, cultural and religious beliefs and customs. Trademarks can be aesthetic features of the sound from the United States, form the United States, the United States intended to explore three areas, the translator should have the courage to innovation, with the sound translated the United States, Italy and the United States market effect of translation. (Cuijinqi, 2006) Function on the angles The same information, use two different languages, different recipients, but it has to have the same effect, which is equivalent translation of the main principles (Liu Chang-e, 2007). Li Ying (2003), Xiao Hui (2000), and other people think that the trademark should not rigidly adhere to the original translation, but should be flexible. The trademark translation and text to produce the same or similar functions. Li Ying in its "equivalent English translation of the word trademark" trademark in the translation should be avoided because of cultural differences in the use of a different understanding of the term as far as possible Baoyi or neutral color word, as brief as possible accessibility, innovative and good mind Word. And the lack of regret China's trademark translation After several decades of development and through the diligence of many research scholars have made notable achievements. But research in the field there are still some deficiencies and shortcomings. Translation Studies trademark line with the actual use. Traditional methods of translation, linguistics approach because too much emphasis on "faithful" and ignored cultural factors, resulting in the one-sidedness and on the actual operation of blindness. For example, the trademark is intended to arouse customers better purchasing desire to mark commercial function. Translation sector more than talking about is a trademark translation Alto, shape, the name of the right and so on, and ignored the trademark been accepted by the target market of consumers. Therefore, in the process of translation trademarks often be asked trademarks and translated language culture does not conform with trademark violation in the target language: the customary usage, and so on. 阿拉伯文到英语朝鲜语到英语德语到法语德语到英语俄语到英语法语到德语法语到英语荷兰语到英语葡萄牙语到英语日语到英语西班牙语到英语希腊语到英语意大利语到英语英语到阿拉伯文英语到朝鲜语英语到德语英语到俄语英语到法语英语到荷兰语英语到葡萄牙语英语到日语英语到西班牙语英语到希腊语英语到意大利语英语到中文(繁体)英语到中文(简体)中文到英语中文(繁体到简体)中文(简体到繁体)
present status of research (on...) both in China and abroaddomestic and overseas research( on...)at present 一般用于学术论文发表
directoryShall I pickABSTRACT IIDirectory IIICONTENTS VIIntroduction to the first chapter research enriched performance management fieldGiven the college teachers optimize performance assessment provides reference for university teachers' performance management mode 2130 review 3Foreign related research status quo domestic research situationThe main research contents and methods of main research contents research methodsChapter 8 of performance management theory overviewThe concept of performance management and process8 performance performance performance appraisal and performance managementPerformance management process and management method and method for ammeters 360 degrees 360Feedbacks (11) administration (MBO) 11 goalsThe key performance index method ( kpis) BSC (BSC) 12The third chapter of our university teachers, analyzed the current situation and problems of performance managementOur college teachers performance management situationFor teachers' evaluation and classification of index system to establish authorizationsThe annual examination and appraisal end combining 15Our college teachers performance evaluation index system problems existed in 15The lack of a solid theoretical basis goal orientation is not clearIncomplete assessment systemOur university teachers' performance of the existing problems in the management of 16Performance assessment, and no attention performance managementLack of teachers' participation, appraisal both inequality 17The fourth chapter of university teachers' performance management system of system for process, ideas and system for system constructing thought system construction college teachers performance plan, 282 the job performance performance planning university teachers' performance evaluation indicator systemThe principle of this index system constructionThe performance evaluation index determined assessment indexes weights allocation 41Performance evaluation implementing college teachersThe performance evaluation period determined performance evaluation methods of college teachers' performance feedback and application of performance feedback 51The application of 52 performanceThe fifth chapter of university teachers' performance management system of assessment and enlightenmentThe original teacher evaluation system and comparison of performance management systemFrom the simple to the performance evaluation transformation of managementFrom passive to active assessment in from teaching and scientific research to emphasize both service and transformation of virtuePerformance evaluation index system and evaluation of performance management systemThe basic situation of questionnaire analysis and statisticsSurvey results have extensive representative construct performance management system in the process of enlightenmentTeachers should fully believe should attach importance to the outside of the performance evaluation of other should emphasize continued, communication should constantly adjust of performance management systemConclusion 5859 referencesThe degree of academic papers published during 60Original statement 61To thank 62 好了 你看看把！
任意地点。国外翻译机器现可以让机器完成不同语言之间的自动翻译，最终实现任意时间、任意地点、任意语言之间的无障碍自由通信。机器翻译，又称为自动翻译，是利用计算机将一种自然语言转换为另一种自然语言的过程。它是计算语言学的一个分支，是人工智能的终极目标之一，具有重要的科学研究价值。
楼上的怎么回事？人家要求的是中翻英，楼上的把别人的答案翻译成中文，还累死他了。。。还是匿名回答。。。真是晕啊。。。 LZ还不选择最佳答案啊。。。。。。。。。
[……]许多人，包括译员和翻译理论研究者，对MT的未来持悲观的态度。例如，Craciumescu 在其论文中宣称：“…both MT and CAT show that neither is efficient and accurate enough to eliminate the necessity for human translators。” （不论是MT还是CAT，效率和准确性都存在欠缺，无法消除对人工翻译的需求。） 奈达也曾指出： 他还说： 此外，国内一些研究者也认为MT不可能代替人工翻译，而且也不存在这一必要性。 奈达等对机器翻译的观点，与大多数研究者所持的认识所犯的错误类似，即人脑具有某种非物质的神性。但是，脑科学的发展越来越向我们揭示出，人脑也不过是由原子所构成的物质的器官。构成人脑的原子，与构成树木、山石、金属的原子没有区别。人类大脑的“神性”或“超级能力”，不是超自然的神性，而是来自其高度的自组织特性和复杂性。人类大脑上至今仍笼罩着神秘的光环，只不过是由于我们对自身的认识尚不够深入。 人类对未来的预测很难准确。大多数人在预言未来的时候往往过于看重传统的延续，忽视发展的可能。好在人类中毕竟还有一小部分敢于思考，敢于实验，并敢于探索未知领域的人。如果没有这一部分人，很难想象我们能拥有如今所看到的所谓现代科学。不论一部分人多么保守，科学与技术的发展将最终令他们改变观点。例如，当电子计算器刚出现的时候，针对到底是否该允许学生在数学课堂和考试中使用计算器就曾有过激烈的争论。现实的发展证明，越来越多的人认为我们完全可以接受计算器进入课堂，使人类的大脑可以摆脱繁琐的加减乘除计算，去关注更重要的东西。另外一个令保守人士焦虑的现代科技潮流是带有拼写检查功能的文字处理软件日渐流行。在南京大学举办的一次有关计算机辅助教学的研讨会上，我曾作过一个引入CMM规范建立CAI开发标准模式的报告，报告后一个与会的研究生问我如何看待文字处理软件的拼写检查功能对学生拼写能力的负面影响。我的回答是，随着科技的发展，计算机，或说计算，将无所不在，人们最终会像对待计算机一样，理性宽容地看待拼写检查软件。历史已经证明，我们可以允许计算器进入数学课堂；历史也已证明，不论我们对毛笔如何怀念，它已经不再是主流的书写工具；下一个令我们唏嘘不已的牺牲品会是什么？笔和纸张？ 因此，我相信，在翻译实践领域，会发生类似的现象：面对保守人士的焦虑和怀旧，机器翻译将迅猛地深入我们的社会生活，虽然人工翻译更优美，更深刻，但廉价且实用的机器翻译必将成为社会中翻译活动的主流。此外，脑科学的研究也揭示出，人类大脑的各种思维活动，都是基于脑细胞内的化学反应——这和计算机中以0和1表示的关与开两种状态没有本质的区别。例如，病理学家Susan Greenfield指出“…… 大脑从根本上说是一个化学系统——就连脑电波也产生自化学反应。”( )。 那么，计算机能否具有人类大脑那样强大的思维能力？其实，这个问题应该这样问：计算机何时能具有人类大脑那样强大的思维能力？ 目前，TM是我们走向MT的过渡阶段。这里我们要感谢计算机软件工程师所付出的想像力、辛勤和智慧，是他们使得翻译职业的工作方式，取得了巨大的改观。同时我们可以预见，在今后50年中，MT系统将在互联网翻译和语音翻译领域得到广泛的应用。对大多数只会一种语言的互联网用户来说，目前尚不成熟的互联网上的机器自动翻译已经在给他们提供有用的参考，而且将来必定会走向成熟，变成可靠的参考。对于此类日常信息翻译的应用，雇用专业译员来翻译不论在经济上还是效能上都是不现实的。像Systran这样的翻译系统，会随着计算技术的进步和人类对大脑认识的深入而不断演化，提供越来越好的自动翻译服务。 另外，一种正在浮现的技术——语音翻译——也展示了光明的应用前景。据报道，中科院2001年启动的C-Star III项目于2004年结项。该项目的目标，是开发多语种的翻译系统，为酒店订房、票务、货币兑换等特殊场合的应用，提供可靠的口译服务。( )。 这一系统是目前的研究热点之一，即针对特殊场合的语言应用——一种受控的语音系统——开发专门的自动翻译软件。 同一份报道也提到，微软中国研究中心的周明指出，自然语言的处理所面临的惟一困难，是其本身所具有的高度复杂性。而借助越来越先进的计算机和不断改进的算法，人类最终将能解决自然语言处理所面对的这一难题。 因此，我们有理由用以下乐观的论断结束本书：MT终将取代HT。这对人工专业译员来说，不是什么好消息，但对整个人类而言，却是一个壮美的新世界。