庞红梅英语研究论文读写教程翻译

Unit 11. The plant does not grow well in soils other than the one in which it has been developed. 2. Research findings show that we spend about two hours dreaming every night, no matter what we may have done during the day. 3.Some people tend to justify their failure by blaming others for not trying their best. 4.We remain tree to our commitment: Whatever we promised to do; we would do it. 5.Even Beethoven's father discounted the possibility that his son would one day become the greatest musician in the world. The same is true of Edison, who seemed to his teacher to be quite dull. 6. They were accused by authorities of threatening the state security. Unit 21. If the characters in this comedy had been more humorous, it would have attracted a larger audience.2. She has never lost faith in her own ability, so it is a possibility for her to become a successful actress.3. I never had formal training, I just learned as I went along.4. As their products find their way into the international market, their brand is gaining in popularity.5. She could make up a story by saying she was knocked unconscious by thieves and that all hermoney was gone, but she doubted whether she could make it sound believable.6. No one was certain whether he postponed the visit on purpose, but this brought more criticism of him.Unit 31. Seven or eight officials are reported to have taken bribes and the mayor has decided to look into theaffair in person.2. These workers regret yielding to the management's advice and going back to work. Now they areagain faced with the threat of losing their jobs.3. You only need to fill out a form to get your membership, which entitles you to a discount on goods.4. Their car broke down halfway for no reason. As a result they arrived three hours later than they hadplanned.5. The official got involved in a scandal and was forced to resign weeks later.6. The man living on welfare began to build up his own market, one step at a time and his business isthriving.Unit 41. Rather than invest in my education, my parents spent their money on a new house.2. Today, people are spending twice as much on entertainment and relaxation as they did in the past.3. In order to be successful, a business must keep pace with developments in the marketplace.4. Her fluency in English gave her an advantage over other girls for the job.5. For students, nowhere is better than the library, where all the books are at their disposal.6. We should make full use of the platform to strengthen communication, expand cooperation in moreareas and seek further development through joint efforts.Unit 51. This little man is not so innocent as he appears.2. There's nothing I can do about the problem, so you might as well turn to Professor Wang for help.3. Both sides speak highly of the fruits in their cooperation in different areas, and hope that thecooperation can be furthered.4. On the one hand, an image of being close to the people can get a new policy more easily accepted.On the other hand, it will "encourage people to speak their minds and come up with constructivesuggestions".5. His sense of loneliness rose and fell and he sometimes would talk at length to himself and his petsand the television.6. After all, money is not everything. The richest people are not necessarily the happiest.Unit 61. Suppose you found out that your colleague takes bribes, would you just ignore it?2. We've given up on him because he is so stubborn. It is pointless to argue with him.3. He hit upon a good method to speed up the progress of the experiment, but opinions differed amongmembers of the group on it.4. Today I'm able to square my profession with my interest, which I wasn't able to do before.5. The ability to visually distinguish between red and green is essential to becoming a driver.6. The team consisted of seven people who met on a regular basis to share their information with eachother.Unit 71. In the process of creating the genetic map, these scientists realized that cooperation was more thanan attractive option; it was a responsibility.2. Their research findings were nothing less than a miracle. As a result of their findings, new light hasbeen shed on the history of human genes.3. In fact, only hard work in combination with proper methods will give you an advantage over others.4. The judge said the punishment would serve as a warning to others.5. The risk of infection is confined to those who have close contact with the patients.6. From such an analysis we are in a better position to understand what has happened and what to doabout it.

新视野大学英语第三册Unit 3课文翻译海德中学的办学宗旨是：如果你向学生传授诸如求真、勇敢、正直、领导能力、好奇心和关心他人等美德的话，学生的学习成绩自然就会提高。该校的创始人约瑟夫·高尔德声称学校的教学很成功。海德中学位于缅因州巴思市，每年的学费高达1.8万美元，因其教导问题少年有方而闻名遐迩。“我们并不把自己看作一所专为某一类孩子而开设的学校，”马尔科姆·高尔德说。他是约瑟夫的儿子，毕业于海德中学，现任海德中学校长。“我们把帮助孩子培养一种生活方式看作自己的职责，办法是倡导一整套能影响所有孩子的价值观念。”现在，乔·高尔德(约瑟夫·高尔德)正试图将他尚有争议的“品德第一”的理念向旧城区的公立学校推广。这些学校愿意将用于传统教学计划的税金用于实施这一新的教学方法。海德公立学校第一个教学计划始于1992年9月。但几个月后，该计划即告暂停。教师们对教学计划的高要求以及高强度工作所带来的压力表示抗议。今年秋天，海德基金会计划在巴尔的摩启动初步的公立学校教学计划。教师要接受培训，以便今后能在整个巴尔的摩体系内胜任工作。美国其他学校的领导们也在关注这个教学计划。去年秋天，在家长的一片抗议声中，海德基金会在康涅狄格州纽黑文市郊区的一所中学内启动了一个引人注目的教学计划。当地居民担心该校可能招进来旧城区的少数民族学生和问题学生。就像在缅因州那样，求真也在康涅狄格州的这所中学得到广泛推崇。在一堂英语课上，11名学生用最后的5分钟展开激烈的讨论，依照1－10的评分标准相互评价他们当天的课堂表现。“我得10分。”“我有意见。你既没做语法作业，也没做拼写练习。”“那好，就7分吧。”“你只能得6分。”“等等，我可是全力以赴的。”“是的，可你今天没提问。”在解释自己的教育方法时，乔·高尔德指出，对传统的教育体制不能只是改革。他说“无论怎样改革”，用马和马车“是改革不出汽车的”。 海德中学认为“每一个人都有自己的独特潜能”，这种潜能的基础是品格而不是智力或财富。良知和苦干受到推崇。成功由不断进步来衡量，而不是由学习成绩来评定。学生必须相互负责。为了避免美国中学使用的其他品格培养方案所引发的争议，高尔德解释说，“全力以赴”这一概念并不是要强迫学生接受某一套道德原则或宗教观念。海德中学的课程与那些为升入大学做准备的传统学校所开设的课程相似，包括英语、历史、数学和自然科学。但所有的学生都必须选修表演艺术和体育，还要提供社区服务。在每门课程中，学生都会得到一个综合了学习成绩和“努力程度”的分数。在巴思市，97%的海德中学毕业生都升入了大学本科。在海德中学的综合教育中，父母的参与是一个关键的组成部分。为了使孩子被该校录取，家长也必须同意接受并实践学校的思想和观点。家长们签约同意每月出席一次区域小组会议(共20个区域小组)，每年去区域休养所三天，每年至少参加三次巴思市的研修班、讨论组和研讨会。在很多活动中，缅因州学生家长的出席率高达95%。乔和马尔科姆·高尔德都说，当孩子们见到自己的父母都在全力以赴时，他们也会竭尽全力。他们说，对许多家长而言，最困难的是让他们意识到自己的不足。公立学校学生家长的活动计划仍在制定之中。这项工作的困难要大得多，因为很难使家长相信他们的参与很有价值。在纽黑文市录取的100名学生中，有30%左右的家长出席了各类特别会议。这一低出席率违背了他们在教学计划开始实施时所做的承诺，当时海德中学的官员曾与300个家庭进行了面谈。巴思市一名在公立学校教书达14年之久的教师说，一旦问题得到解决，海德教学计划就会在公立学校中获得成功。他乐观地认为，一旦家长们投入到计划当中，他们就会成为孩子们日常行为的榜样，这与寄宿学校的学生家长完全不同。一名曾任教于旧城区学校的教师如今在从事纽黑文教学计划。他说，教师也能从中受益。“在这里，我们真正开始集中精力与每一个学生建立卓有成效的关系。我们的重点真的是先考虑师生关系，然后是师生共同探讨学业。而在传统的中学里，是先考虑教师和教材的关系，然后再考虑师生关系。” 师生关系在海德中学被进一步深化了。对教职员工的评估由学生来进行。19岁的吉米·迪巴蒂斯塔今年5月将从巴思校区毕业，并准备升入大学。对此他感到惊奇。几年前，他还觉得自己的前途“是在监狱，而不是在大学”。 迪巴蒂斯塔还记得他刚到海德中学时的情景。“我来这儿时，见人就侮辱，就咒骂。其他每所学校都会说：‘滚出去！我们这儿不要你。’我来到这儿，他们却说：‘我们有几分喜欢这种活力，但并不喜欢它消极的一面，我们要将它转化成积极的东西。’”++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++以国家为背景探讨解决问题或做出决策的方式就意味着研究许多复杂的文化因素。它意味着设法评估这些因素对现代生活的影响，也意味着把握目前正在发生的变化。在日本，最重要的是你为什么单位工作。在对取向或决策过程进行分析时，这一点尤为重要。至少，它说明了美国工作流动性大而相比而言日本工作稳定性高的原因。尽管我们在许多方面存在差异，但这些差异并无优劣之分。一种特定的管理行为模式是由多个独特的文化因素复合发展而成的──因而仅在一定的文化中起作用。让我来描述一下三四种日本文化的特征，它们以某种方式影响着决策以及解决问题的方式。这些特征是相互联系的。首先，在日本，任何处理问题的方法或任何谈判都体现着“你对你”的方式，这有别于西方“我对你”的方式。差别在于：在“我对你”的方式中，双方都坦率地从自己的观点出发提出主张──他们说出自己想要什么，希望得到什么。如此一来就形成了对峙的局面，西方人也十分善于应付对峙局面。日本人所采用的“你对你”方式则立足于双方──自然而然地并常常是下意识地──力图理解对方的观点。因此，会晤的目标是双方共同努力减少对峙，谋求和谐。第二个特点基于“一致共识”及“由下而上”的原则。在日本，各阶层所有人员的想法和意见都会得到认真考虑。无论是在私人企业还是政府部门均是如此。在日本，人们力求团体的统一，不论这团体是家庭、公司还是国会。差别在于，西方式的决策多半源自高层管理人员，通常不征求中层管理人员或员工的意见；而在日本，最底层的人员也能提出想法，然后通过组织上传，对最后的决策产生影响。此谓“由下而上”。日本特有的交流方式也与西方的不同。即使生意没做成，日本商人也力求和睦相处，愿意花费必要的时间来确立“你对你”的交流方式，仅仅间接而巧妙地表达个人意见。这就产生了对时间的不同见解。在日本，把工作做得全面、彻底比西方那种按限期完成工作的态度更受推崇。由于侧重点的不同，日本人不仅在生产上讲求彻底，开会也讲求彻底。因此，美国人对许多日本公司接二连三的会议感到很厌烦。美国人总是急于做出具体决策，而日本人却试图制定一个大方向。另一方面，一旦签署了某个协议，却常常是日本人惊讶于西方人履行协议时的拖沓。日本人急于前行，而西方人因需要时间作详细计划，则可能落后。现在，虽然日本的工业和技术得到了高度发展，但它们并未取代人力能源和动力的根本力量。我这么说的意思是，日本人引以为豪的是，无论需要多少时间，他们都会把一项工作做完并做好。这需要有奉献精神和责任感，在这个机械时代里，它们仍然没有被抛弃。在我的工作领域──金融和证券业，常有西方人问我，野村证券公司是如何避免美国公司所面临的交易单流通堵塞的。我们也碰到过这个难题。东京证交所每天通常有2到3亿笔交易。这个交易额是纽约证交所的许多倍。怎样才能处理好这么巨大的数额呢?第一，我们拥有极为先进的计算机。第二，也是最重要的，负责处理这些交易的操作人员一直工作直到任务完成。也许20年后，或许用不了这么久，他们就会更加西方化，会坚持一到5点就下班回家。但在今天，大多数人依然坚持待到工作完成。这是对质量的真正关心。“紧要关头，鼎力相助”是日本人处理问题时的一个重要方面，存在于日本社会的各个阶层。几年前，松下公司遇到难关。在他们所采取的措施当中，有一项就是松下先生──公司的创始人和当时的董事长──调任销售部经理。同样，当我们野村证券公司五年前改用电脑系统时，新系统使700名员工失去了原来的工作。但我们并没有解雇他们；相反，我们将他们转为证券销售人员，其中有些如今成了这方面的骨干。只要有智慧，只要肯努力，就可以在公司里通过努力获得成功。在日本，一个人的才能不会被局限于一个固定的领域。我们认为，对于员工的忠诚奉献，公司应予以回报。**************************************************

Unit1 1.她连水都不愿喝一口,更别提留下来吃饭了. She wouldn't take a drink, much less could she stay for dinner. 2.他认为我在对他说谎,但实际上我讲的是实话. He thought I was lying to him,whereas I was telling the truth. 3.这个星期你每天都迟到,对此你怎么解释? How do you account for the fact that you have been late every day this week? 4.他们利润增长的部分原因是采用了新的市场策略. The increase in their profits is due partly to their new market strategy. 5.这样的措施很可能会带来工作效率的提高. Such measures are likely to result in the improvement of work efficiency. 6.我们已经在这个项目上投入了大量时间和精力,所以我们只能继续. We have already poured a lot of time and energy into the project, so we have to carry on. Unit3 1.你再怎么有经验,也得学习新技术. You are never too experienced to learn new techniques. 2.还存在一个问题,那就是派谁去带领那里的研究工作. There remains one problem,namely,who should be sent to head the research there. 3.由于文化的不同,他们的关系在开始确实遇到了一些困难. Their relationship did meet with some difficulty at the beginning because of cultural differences. 4.虽然他历经沉浮,但我始终相信他总有一天会成功. Though he has had ups and downs,I believed all along that he would succeed someday. 5.我对你的说法的真实性有些保留看法. I have some reservations about the truth of your claim. 6.她长得不特别高,但是她身材瘦,给人一种个子高的感觉. She isn't particularly tall,but her slim figure gives an illusion of height. Unit4 1.有朋自远方来,不亦乐乎? It is a great pleasure to meet friends from afar. 2.不管黑猫白猫,能抓住老鼠就是好猫. It doesn't matter whether the cat is black or white as long as it catches mice. 3.你必须明天上午十点之前把那笔钱还给我. You must let me have the money back without fail by ten o'clock tomorrow morning. 4.请允许我参加这个项目,我对这个项目非常感兴趣. Allow me to take part in this project: I am more than a little interested in it. 5.人人都知道他比较特殊：他来去随意. Everyone knows that he is special:He is free to e and go as he pleases. 6.看她脸上不悦的神色,我觉得她似乎有什么话想跟我说. Watching the unhappy look on her face,I felt as though she wishes to say something to me. Unit5 1.他说话很自信,给我留下了深刻的印象. He spoke confidently,which impressed me most. 2.我父亲太爱忘事,总是在找钥匙. My father is so forgetful that he is always looking for his keys. 3.我是十分感谢你给我的帮助. I'm very grateful to you for all the help you have given me. 4.光线不足,加上地面潮湿,使得驾驶十分困难. The bad light,coupled with the wet ground,made driving very difficult. 5.由于缺乏资金,他们不得不取消了创业计划. Being starved of funds,they had to cancel their plan to start a business. 6.每当有了麻烦,他们总是依靠我们. They always lean on us whenever they are in trouble. Unit6 1. 就像机器需要经常运转一样,身体也需要经常锻炼. (Just) as a machine needs regular running, so does the body need regular exercise. 2. 在美国学习时,他学会了弹钢琴. He learned to play the piano while studying in the United States. 3. 令我们失望的是,他拒绝了我的邀请. To our disappointment, he turned down our invitation. 4. 真实情况是,不管是好是坏,随着新科技的进步,世界发生了变化. The reality is that, for better or worse, the world has changed with advance of new technologies. 5.我班里大多数女生在被要求回答问题时都似乎感到不自在. Most of the female students in my class appear to be ill at ease when (they are) required to answer questions. 6. 当地 *** 负责运动会的安全. The local government took charge of the security for the sports meeting. Unit7 1.在会上,除了其他事情,他们还讨论了目前的经济形势. At the meeting they discussed, among other things, the present economic situation. 2.我对大自然了解得越多,就越痴迷于大自然的奥秘. The more I learned about the nature,the more absorbed I became in its mystery. 3.医生建议说,有压力的人要学会做一些新鲜有趣、富有挑战性的事情,好让自己的负面情绪有发泄的渠道. The doctor remends that those stressed people should try something new,interesting and challenging in order to give their negative feelings an outlet. 4.那个学生的成绩差,但老师给他布置了更多的作业,而不是减少作业量. The teacher gives more homework to the student who has bad grades instead of cutting it down. 5.相比之下,美国的父母更趋向于把孩子的成功归因于天赋. By contrast,American parents are more likely to attribute their children's success to natural talent. 6.教师首先要考虑的事情之一是唤起学生的兴趣,激发他们的创造性. One of a teacher's priorities is to stimulate students' interests and their creativity. Unit8 1. 她一点也不知道这幅画有一天居然会价值100多万美金. Little did she know that this picture would one day be worth more than a million dollars. 2. 虽然我理解你说的话,但是我不同意你在这个问题上的看法. While I understand what you say, I don’t agree with you on the issue. 3. 我认为警察的职责就是保护人民. I think the police are meant to protect people. 4. 昨天我去看他,却发现他已于几天前出国了. I went to see him yesterday, only to find that he had gone abroad several days before. 5. 在每周例会上,每个人的发言都不能偏离会议议题. At the weekly meeting, everyone must confine their remarks to the subject. 6. 要是我没说那些愚蠢的话该多好啊!那时我太年轻,不能明辨是非. If only I hadn’t said those silly words! I was too young then to distinguish right from wrong. Unit9 1. 我确信自己一定会有出息,即使至今我还没做出大的成绩. I am sure that I will make something of myself, even though I have not achieved any major success so far. 2. 我这么多年来如此努力,我觉得自己应该有个好的前途. I have been working hard for so many years; I feel I am entitled to a good future. 3. 当她丈夫离她而去,只留给她生活的残局去收拾时,她的心智失常了. When her hu *** and deserted her, leaving her with nothing but scattered pieces of life to pick up, she went insane. 4. 从我的立场看,母亲当时过于严厉,并没有顾及我的感受. From my standpoint, Mother was too hard on me then, without taking my feelings into account. 5. 当我登上事业的顶峰时,常萦绕在我心头的是母亲说过的话：“面对生活,不放弃.” I reached the summit of my professional career, mother's words "Never be a quitter in face of life" were constantly in my mind. 6. 你应该知道的,不能在大街上踢足球. You should know better than to play football in the street.

译文如下：在我还未成年时，如果有人看到我和父亲在一块儿，我就会觉得难堪。他腿瘸得很厉害，个子又矮。我们一起走路时，他的手搭在我臂上以保持平衡，人们就会盯着看。对于这种讨厌的注视，我打心眼里感到别扭。即使父亲注意到这些或感到不安，他也从不表露出来。

我们的步伐难以协调一致——他常常停下脚步，而我的步子却显得不耐烦。正因为如此，我们一路很少说话。但每次出门时，他总说：“你按你的步速走，我跟着你。”

我们通常就在地铁口和家门口之间来回，那是他上班的路线。他生病或天气恶劣时也坚持上班，几乎从不缺勤。他总是准点到办公室，即使别人做不到。这是件可以引以为荣的事。当路上覆盖冰雪时，即使有人搀扶，他也难以行走。这种时候，我或者我的姐妹们就用一辆带有钢轮的儿童推车拉着他穿过纽约布鲁克林的街道到地铁站口。一到那儿，他就紧抓着地铁口的扶手一直往下走，因为地铁内比较暖和，下面几级台阶没有冰雪。曼哈顿的地铁站直通他们办公楼的地下室，他不用出站（就可到办公室）。下班回家时，我们会去布鲁克林的地铁站口接他。现在回想起来，我不禁惊叹：像他那样一个成年人，得有多大的勇气才能承受这样的屈辱和压力，而当时他却显得毫无痛苦，也没怨言。

他从不说自己可怜，也从不表现出对那些比他幸运或健康的人的羡慕。他从别人那儿寻找的是一颗“好心”。一旦找到了，那人在他心目中就是个大好人。现在我长大了，我相信这是判断一个人的标准。虽然我还没有确切理解什么是“好心”，但我知道自己有时候并没有这么一颗“好心”。

虽说很多活动父亲都不能参加，但他还是试着以某种方式来参与。当地一个棒球队缺少一个经理时，是他使球队正常运转。他是一个见多识广的棒球迷，常常带我到埃贝茨球场，观看布鲁克林道奇队的比赛。他喜欢参加各种舞会和聚会，虽然在那儿他只能坐着观看，却也能享受一番乐趣。记得在一次沙滩聚会上，进行了一场殴斗，人人挥拳上阵，相互推撞。他不满足只是坐着观看，然而在松软的沙地上如果没人帮助，他又站不起来。于是在极度无助的情况下，他高声喊道：“谁坐下来和我对打! 谁愿意坐下来和我对打! ”没有人坐下来和他对打。第二天，人们和他开玩笑，说是第一次听到拳击手在开打之前，就有人要求他倒地服输。

如今我知道他是通过我，他唯一的儿子，间接地参与了一些事情。我打球时（球技很糟），他也“打”；后来我加入海军，他也“加入”了。我休假回家时，他一定要让我去参观他的办公室。在介绍我时，虽然没有说出口，但他实际上在说：“这是我儿子，但也是我。如果我没瘸，我也会和他一样。”

如今父亲已去世多年，但我时常想起他。不知他当时是否留意在我们同行时，我不愿意被人看到。若他确实注意到了，那我真惭愧当时没能对他说我是多么对不起他，我是多么不孝，我有多么后悔。现在，每当我因一些琐事而怨天尤人的时候，每当我嫉妒别人运气比我好的时候，每当我没有一颗“好心”的时候，我就会想起他。每逢此时，我就设想自己将手搭在他的臂上，重新找回自己的平衡，我会说：“你按你的步速走，我跟着你。”

原文如下：When I was growing up, I was embarrassed to be seen with my father. He was severely crippled and very short, and when we walked together, his hand on my arm for balance, people would stare. I would inwardly struggle at the unwanted attention. If he ever noticed or was bothered, he never let on.

It was difficult to coordinate our steps — his halting, mine impatient — and because of that, we didn't say much as we went along. But as we started out, he always said, "You set the pace. I will try to adjust to you."Our usual walk was to or from the subway on which he traveled to work. He went to work sick, and despite nasty weather. He almost never missed a day, and would make to the office even if others could not. A matter of pride.

When snow or ice was on the ground, it was impossible for him to walk, even with help. At such times my sisters or I would pull him through the streets of Brooklyn, N.Y., on a child's wagon with steel runners to the subway entrance. Once there, he would cling to the hand-rail until he reached the lower steps that the warmer tunnel air kept free of ice. In Manhattan the subway station was the basement of his office building, and he would not have to go outside again until we met him in Brooklyn on his way home.

When I think of it now, I am amazed at how much courage it must have taken for a grown man to subject himself to such shame and stress. And at how he did it—without bitterness or complaint.He never talked about himself as an object of pity, nor did he show any envy of the more fortunate or able. What he looked for in others was a "good heart", and if he found one, the owner was good enough for him.Now that I am older, I believe that is a proper standard by which to judge people, even though I still don't know precisely what a "good heart" is. But I know the times I don't have one myself.

Unable to engage in many activities, my father still tried to participate in some way. When a local baseball team found itself without a manager, he kept it going. He was a knowledgeable baseball fan and often took me to Ebbets Field to see the Brooklyn Dodgers play. He liked to go to dances and parties, where he could have a good time just sitting and watching.On one occasion a fight broke out at a beach party, with everyone punching and shoving. He wasn't content to sit and watch, but he couldn't stand unaided on the soft sand. In frustration he began to shout, "I'll fight anyone who will sit down with me! I'll fight anyone who will sit down with me!"Nobody did. But the next day people kidded him by saying it was the first time any fighter was urged to take a dive before the fight began.

I now know he participated in some things through me, his only son. When I played ball (poorly), he "played" too. When I joined the Navy, he "joined" too. And when I came home on leave, he saw to it that I visited his office. Introducing me, he was really saying, "This is my son, but it is also me, and I could have done this, too, if things had been different." Those words were never said aloud.

He has been gone many years now, but I think of him often. I wonder if he sensed my reluctance to be seen with him during our walks. If he did, I am sorry I never told him how sorry I was, how unworthy I was, how I regretted it. I think of him when I complain about trifles, when I am envious of another's good fortune, when I don't have a "good heart."At such times I put my hand on his arm to regain my balance, and say, "You set the pace. I will try to adjust to you."