国外酒店文化研究论文

Chinese and Western cultural differences in the performance of every aspect of daily life from the greeting 、 term diet and cultural differences in the way of thinking in the abstract, such as differences everywhere, from the West focus on the following colors to express the difference between Chinese and Western cultural differences in areas such as a wedding set. First, in the West to express the color difference Different colors in different languages is not expressed in the same way. The representative of China in a sense, the West has a meaning that even the "color" to understand the meaning of the contrary. (A) red (red) Whether in China or in the English-speaking countries, often in red and festive celebrations or day-related. Calendar, red font used these days, therefore, red letter day: refers to the "Day" or "happy occasion." It also refers to the red "liabilities" or "loss" because people are always negative in red to register. So there are these phrases: red figure deficit in the red loss In common with the Chinese "red" words, translated into English, may not necessarily use the "red" for example: brown sugar brown sugar red wine red wine (B) yellow Yellow in English and Chinese in the extended meaning of the differences are considerable. In English, yellow can be said that the "timid, cowardly, despicable," meaning, for example: a yellow dog despicable, cowardly people a yellow livered coward Chinese yellow symbol of the term is sometimes vulgar, vulgar and obscene, indecent indecency means, such as yellow film, erotica, yellow CD, and so on. These in the name of "yellow" in English and "yellow" has nothing to do. However, in another English word blue is the color used to indicate the kind of meaning in Chinese, such as the blue jokes (dirty joke), blue films (yellow film). Second, the cultural differences in Western wedding First of all, in Western wedding culture and the first in the West in thinking about the differences: the Chinese people more conservative, like excitement, more old-fashioned thinking, so in the history of China for thousands of years the entire wedding customs did not change much. The thinking in the West is more open to the requirements of the wedding will be lower, they will be the climax of the wedding in the church: the sacred as the "wedding march" into the red carpet, Jiao Mei's father, the bride linked hands Rose walked slowly to the groom, the bride's father, daughter to the groom's hand on hand, her daughter's life will be entrusted to the groom, all eyes followed the couple, filled with well-being in their face. Second, the result of cultural differences wedding in the West because the West in a different religion. China is mainly Buddhist, but the West is mainly Christian. Therefore, the Western wedding is to be held in the church and the priest is Zhuhun Ren. China's traditional customs of the most important part of the Bai Tiandi is, the worship heaven and earth even after the ceremony has become.中西方文化差异表现在方方面面，从日常生活的打招呼用语、饮食文化等差异到思维方式等抽象方面的差异无所不在，下面着重从中西方颜色表达的差异，中西方婚礼文化差异等方面阐述。 一、中西方颜色表达的差异 不同颜色在不同语言中表达的方式并不一样。在中国代表一种意义，在西方又表示一种涵义，甚至对“颜色”的涵义理解恰恰相反。（一）red（红色）无论是在英语国家还是在中国，红色往往与庆祝活动或喜庆日子有关。日历中，这些日子常用红色字体，因此，red letter day：指的是“纪念日”或“喜庆的日子”。红色还指“负债”或“亏损”，因为人们总是用红笔登记负数。于是就有了这些词组：red figure赤字 in the red亏损汉语中常用的带“红”字的词语，翻译成英语，可不一定用“red”例如：红糖brown sugar 红酒red wine （二） yellow黄色在英语和汉语中的引申含义差别比较大。英语中，yellow可以表示“胆小、卑怯、卑鄙”的意思，例如：a yellow dog 可鄙的人，卑鄙的人a yellow livered 胆小鬼汉语中黄色一词有时象征低级趣味、色情庸俗、下流猥亵的意思，如黄色电影、黄色书刊、黄色光碟等等。这些名称中的“黄”与英语中的“yellow”无关。然而，英语中另一个颜色词blue却常用来表示汉语中这类意思，如blue jokes（下流的玩笑）， blue films（黄色电影）等。 二、中西方婚礼文化差异 首先，中西方婚礼文化差异首先和中西方人在思维方面的差异有关：中国人比较保守，喜欢热闹，思维较古板，所以在中国历史几千年的时间里整个婚礼的习俗并没有多大的变化。而西方人的思想则比较开放，对于婚礼的要求也比较低，他们婚礼的高潮则是在教堂中：随着神圣的《婚礼进行曲》步入鲜红的地毯，娇美的新娘挽着父亲手捧玫瑰慢慢向新郎走去，新娘的父亲将女儿的手放在新郎的手上，将女儿的一生托付给新郎，所有人的目光注视着这对新人，幸福洋溢在他们的脸上。其次，造成中西方婚礼文化差异的原因是中西方不同的宗教。中国是以佛教为主，而西方则是基督教为主的。所以西方的婚礼是在教堂中举行而主婚人则是神甫。中方的传统婚俗中的最重要环节就是拜天地，拜了天地以后就算是礼成了。

酒店业务管理，酒店开发

Western novels in comparison First, Western novels in the history of the development of Western novels are based on myths and legends of its origin. In ancient times, science developed, out of fear of nature, the working people out of the imagination is the key to many of the world "God", describing the personification of God is a myth; who will describe the deified, that is legend. China opened the world's Pan story, the story of San Juan Five Emperors, the West Greek mythology, Roman mythology, Norse mythology, and so on are all typical works. East and West, the original novel, is closely linked with the history, as historical records complement the event. China Pre-Qin prose in the fable, the Han dynasty in the history books, biographies, the Wei and Jin Zhi, Zhi-person novel; the West of ancient Babylon, "the United States and Ji Jia disabilities epic", in ancient Greece, "Homer's epic," "Aesop's Fables "And so on, fall into this category, fiction, novels such novels have been about the characteristics of fiction, it is still not the literary creation, directly from the private collection record, so this type of fiction plot is relatively simple, writing rough comparison. Ban Gu said, "On the Street Lane words, hearsay are made of" is a novel kind of accurate assessment of the image. China's Tang Dynasty, the novel is only from history and literature become a creativity. Tang Dynasty culture has developed, the author's ideas are more open, the legend came into being at this time, Li Zhaowei "Liu Yi Chuan", Po Chu's "Everlasting Regret," Wolf's "Everlasting Regret Chuan" And so on, are made in accordance with the creation of the legend. For the fictional story of the Tang Dynasty more emphasis on imagination and literary talent, not just the history of the nature of things, but as the history of Zhi Zhi who is also the novel did not stop. The Legend of the Song Dynasty to the novel on a gradual decline, which followed the rise of this so that after processing will become a scholar so many novel and Romance novels such as "Romance of the Three Kingdoms", "Outlaws of the Marsh", "Journey to the West." The author of such novels is the use of private creative and re-created to describe the circumstances of the touching scenes of brilliant and vivid active in shaping the character known, there are obvious story-telling style of language. Here by the redevelopment, it will become an independent literary creation rather than things to come together with the civil process, the representative of this type is the "Golden Lotus", it was an open and ordinary life on the road, the reality is that literature has come a long way The development of the latter's "A Dream of Red Mansions" in ancient China Geng Shiba realism to the novels of the summit. "54" after the novelist began to learn from China's western fiction writing practices, and gradually out a new path. Western novels, is the "Renaissance" after the rapid development of mature. The development of the Middle Ages novel near-stagnation in the West, 14, the end of the century "Renaissance" to overthrow the literature of the Church of control, 15, appeared in the western end of the century to promote freedom of thought and the liberation of personality in order to describe the reality of life and portray characters from all walks of life for the content of the Humanist novels, is to tie in with this type of novel anti-feudal Europe at the time of arising at the same time it also set the novel in the West to human describing the tone of the main things. Jiaqiu Italy's "Decameron", Spain's Cervantes "Don Quixote" is the kind of representative works of fiction. The resulting novel is a classical, elegant favor of its national language to standardize the writing of this novel in 17th century France's most well-developed. As a note on behalf of Corneille's "Cid" neoclassical story of the rise of Western novels have been a language substantially improved. The beginning of the 18th century to promote popular science knowledge, enlightenment of the public consciousness for the purpose of the Enlightenment novels, of which there are relatively well-known German Goethe's "Faust", the United Kingdom Defoe's "Robinson Crusoe" and the Swift "Gulliver's Travels" and so on, this type of novel to the emergence of the bourgeois revolution at the time to mold public opinion. In the 19th century, romantic fiction, realistic novels and critical realism novel turn to occupy the leading position in the field of fiction. Romantic novels, such as France Victor Hugo's "Notre Dame de Paris", Goethe's "juvenile Witt of trouble" and so on, imaginative, unusual ideas, language and imaginative, strong feelings. Efforts to reflect the reality of the novel is the essence of life, and depict typical life of a typical phenomenon in the United Kingdom Dickens, France and Germany are of such novels as a representative of the writer. Critical realism novels exposed the efforts of the decadent feudal system and capitalist society, the dark, in-depth criticism of the reality of evil, France Balzac and Maupassant, the United Kingdom of Charlotte, Bronte,. Russia's Tolstoy, Dostoevsky, the United States of a large number of writers such as Mark Twain's works belong to this category. Value today, the three novels in the West is still the most important of the three types of literary fiction. East-West novel on the history of the development of more or less the case. Second, the characteristics of the novel in the West In addition to the basic characteristics of the novel, the story of the West also have their own characteristics are as follows: 1, the traditional Chinese novel attention to the characters, language and the details of the description, in contradiction to the conflict to display the images, but the character of a single, small changes in the absence of the main flu. Western novels are more people pay attention to the psychological description, stressed that mining figure in the subconscious mind, good at writing full, the changes in the strong sense of the main characters. Again, "coach Lin Feng Snow Mountain Temple" in the figure is only through dialogue and action leads to contradictions and conflicts, but Anna Karenina Wogui before a series of conflicts only with his description of the psychological will be able to express their clear; for poetry in Lin In the performance of her literary talent, and Paul with his inner monologue of the ideal; Zhang Zhong-Yong has only the character, but Jane Eyre's character is the brave, strong, warm, kind-hearted, and so many of the character and rubbing and Cheng's. In short, people in the area described in the West has its own unique features. 2, China compared with Western fiction novel plot twists and turns more and more complete story. Plot twists and turns, the story is complete fiction China's unique traditional arts. The Wei and Jin Zhi Zhi people on the novel twists and turns with vivid characteristics. Tang legend in the layout of many of the famous, magnificent anomaly, rigorous and clever, dramatic plot development. The contents of the Ming and Qing Dynasties novels scattered irregular, undulating waves, Cuoluoyouzhi, careful structure, an integral whole. "A Dream of Red Mansions", everywhere She Fu, Hui turning point, the story of Jia's best writing. Western plot in respect of the outstanding works, although there are many, but it can not be compared with the Chinese novel. 3, concise and lively Chinese language novel, rich in content and rich Western novels. Chinese folk artists absorbed the novel language, at the same time inherited the fine traditions of ancient prose, often a few words will be able to outline the incident or the people. Western novels in the author includes a broad range of knowledge, involve the community in many ways, so rich in content and rich people can gain knowledge in many areas. Engels said he was in Balzac's novel about 19th century France's domestic situation than he received any reports are more. Western novels have different characteristics, and also in the West different aesthetic concepts to a certain extent related. 4, Western novels have been the rule of the feudal culture of oppression destroyed. Chinese feudal culture makes the development of the novel is extremely difficult, Ming and Qing Dynasties more people to write stories for shame, so many great writers living, creating the conditions are not covered, many of the great works of authors who do not know. Western novels in the feudal culture makes almost the whole of the Middle Ages in the development of extremely slow, and many talented writers were forced to church services, wrote some of the religious nature of the article dry hole. Third, Western novels in the future prospects for the development of End of the Qing Dynasty, China and the West have begun to understand the other side of the system, the advantages of the novel in the West have been constantly learn from each other. Of course, due to historical reasons, the Chinese side of the draw a little more. To this day, the novelist in the West efforts are still two researchers in the novel's artistic charm, although the different languages of each other's appreciation of the arts to a certain extent, but the United States are interlinked. We have every reason to believe that in the near future, the novel art in the West will ultimately learn from each other and integrate, develop and reach new artistic heights. References: "Foreign Literature" Shanghai Translation Publishing House Zhou Xu Liang "Contemporary Literature election," Zhang Zhong, such as Beijing University Publishing House "Chinese literature history of the development of" Shanghai Ancient Books Publishing House Liu Jie "Literary History of Europe" People's Literature Publishing House Yangzhou Han Wu Da-yuan Zhao Rui radish "Three high school language textbook used by the five dates of the" People's Education Press仅供参考，请自借鉴。希望对您有帮助。

酒店服务质量管理的最终目标就是酒店通过让广大顾客对其服务质量满意来实现酒店的长远成功。下面是我为大家整理的酒店服务质量管理研究论文，供大家参考。

酒店服务质量管理研究论文摘要

[摘要] 在服务经济时代，酒店服务成为酒店之间竞争的焦点，提供顾客满意的优质服务便成为酒店成功的关键。针对国内酒店业服务质量管理的不足，在对全面质量管理的核心认识上，提出了加强酒店服务质量管理的途径和 方法 。

酒店服务质量管理研究论文内容

[关键词] 酒店服务 质量管理 理论

一、我国酒店业服务质量现状

我国加入WTO后，旅游市场开始全方位对外开放、旅游消费趋于成熟，市场竞争也越来越激烈，不少企业力图通过增加服务项目和提高服务质量来改善酒店经营绩效。随着《中国旅游饭店行业规范》的出台，以及旅游局相应的星级酒店评定标准，许多酒店都制定了规范的服务操作程序，有不少高星级酒店还通过了ISO9000质量管理认证，在服务质量上有了长足的进步。但与国外酒店业相比，国内酒店服务质量在服务态度、工作效率、服务技巧等方面在竞争优势上落下了一段距离。例如，服务人员缺乏热情，不积极主动，表现为“机械”式的微笑和“无感情”化的言谈;客房服务不及时，餐厅就餐等待时间长;员工无法识别个别客人的特别需要(如客人对所提供香水过敏)造成服务缺陷。而我国历来就有轻视服务工作的传统思想，很少有人把“服务”当作自己的“事业”，甚至有些管理人员都不能以正确态度看待员工，这也导致我国酒店服务总是不尽如人意。

二、全面质量管理的核心及其相关重要理论

1.全面质量管理的核心原则

最早提出全面质量管理概念的是美国通用电气公司质量经理菲根堡姆，他给全面质量管理所下的定义：为了能够在最经济的水平上，并考虑到充分满足顾客要求的条件下进行市场研究、设计、制造和售后服务，把企业内各部门的研制质量，维持质量和提高质量的活动构成为一套有效的体系。至20世纪90年代末，全面质量管理(TQM)成为许多“世界级”企业获得核心竞争力的管理战略，质量的概念也从狭义的符合规范发展到以“顾客满意”为目标，它更集中反映了现代经济生活中人们所追求的价值观，通过以下三个原则可以体会到全面质量管理的精髓：

(1)以顾客为导向。任何组织都要依存于他们的顾客，管理必须始于识别顾客的需求，满足并超越他们的需求，才能获得继续发展下去的动力和源泉。与过去相比，顾客们有更明确的质量期望值，正确理解顾客需要和识别潜在的顾客需要成为搞好质量管理的关键。

(2)全员参与。一个酒店的运作相当于一部机器的运转，任何一个零件出现质量问题，都会影响到产品整体的质量输出。组织内全体员工，从总经理层到员工层，都必须参与到质量管理的活动中来，其中，最为重要的是企业的决策层必须对质量管理给予足够的重视。

(3)持续改进。这是全面质量管理的核心思想和目标。顾客需求的迅速变化，酒店必须要持续改进才能持续获得顾客的支持，才能获得不断的利润进而持续发展。全面质量管理不只是一种管理方法，更是一种主动寻求不断和系统融合的改进理念。

2.顾客价值和顾客感知价值

全面质量管理的最终目标是通过顾客满意使该组织全体成员和社会受益，以达到长远成功。对顾客价值的研究是从最初的以产品为中心，单纯注重产品质量，到以顾客为导向争取顾客满意和忠诚的新发展。

伍德洛夫从顾客的角度对顾客价值定义如下：顾客价值是顾客对产品属性、属性效能以及使用结果的感知偏好和评价。载瑟摩尔认为，在企业为顾客设计、创造、提供价值时应该从顾客导向出发，把顾客对价值的感知作为决定因素。他通过调查 总结 出四种感知价值的涵义，全面概括为：顾客感知价值就是顾客所能感知到的利益与其在获取产品或服务时所付出的成本进行权衡后对产品或服务效用的总体评价。

很多酒店经理已经认识到，酒店从固定顾客获得的收入和利润远远高于首次和一次性光顾的顾客，且获取一个新顾客的成本是保留一个老顾客成本的5倍。而顾客购买你的服务并再次光临的真正原因，不是因为你提供了优质服务，而是因为顾客感知到了这种优质服务。一旦他感知到了，才会真正认可他的付出是物有所值，从而认可酒店，才能走向每个酒店所期待的忠诚之路。反之，若顾客感知不到这种优质服务，或甚至感知到的是一种劣质服务，酒店的代价可想而知，酒店声誉受损，失去一大笔未来的生意，给竞争对手送去了一批原本可以属于自己的顾客。

3.员工价值和员工不满意代价

酒店的服务过程和消费过程基本是同时发生的，酒店的员工作为服务的生产者和传递者，在决定服务质量高低上起着决定性作用。从优质服务的角度，员工在工作中的工作绩效决定了酒店业员工的价值。酒店的组织资源本身不能为顾客创造价值，能否利用这些资源给顾客创造价值的决定因素是员工的工作绩效。

越来越多的企业已把企业员工纳入到“内部顾客”之列，要取得顾客忠诚，员工也必须忠诚于企业。研究者已经多次证明，服务人员的工作满意度与顾客的满意度成正比关系。酒店业中顾客与员工有着大量的直接接触，顾客对服务质量的感知往往首先来源于对这种接触的感知，员工不满意，第一个代价就是损失生意，不满意的员工无法提供达到顾客期望值的服务，甚至于顾客发生服务方面的纠纷，从而导致顾客不再光顾。第二个代价便是员工的 离职 成本。员工不满意的最终表现便是离职，其个人的解雇费、招募费、培训费等直接成本，对每个企业都会是不小的损失。而离职带来的附加成本或间接成本，也不容忽视，如新员工的工作效率通常很低，使浪费增加，还会增加工作中的事故等。

三、新型全面质量管理之路

1.满足顾客需求，提高顾客感知价值

面对顾客不断成熟的消费观念和需求，只有及时了解顾客的需求变化，才能在目标中有的放矢，针对顾客的需求，开发出符合市场和顾客满意的服务项目。比如在客房中增加网络设备，以提高顾客对信息需求的方便性。酒店业中顾客的消费习惯和消费心理千变万化、各有不同，要求有更多个性化的服务，在满足顾客多层次的需求的基础上，提高顾客感知价值，提高顾客满意度。针对酒店服务，在伍德洛夫的顾客层次模型基础上可建立顾客价值的层次模型。顾客在入住酒店之前对自己即将享受的服务都会有一定的期望，在接收服务之中或之后，顾客往往把自己感知到的服务与期望的服务作比较，只有当感知的服务达到或超过期望的服务时，顾客才会满意。

2.加强员工质量 教育 ，培养员工忠诚

要想提高员工的价值，就必须在提高员工个人能力的基础上让员工的个人资源被充分利用。对员工的质量教育，主要包括意识教育和技能教育。通过意识教育，让员工了解熟悉酒店的质量管理政策和具体做法，使他们掌握酒店服务的深层知识，以更好地提供个性化、多样化服务，使顾客对服务质量形成正确的期望，甚至可以帮助顾客购买和消费服务，指导顾客配合服务工作，同时提高顾客价值和酒店价值。技能的加强，可以使员工准确熟练地提供和传递服务，随着酒店越来越多地采用高科技的发展成果，很多酒店服务也需要专业的技术人员。此外，技能教育可以提高员工自身能力和价值，让员工对工作本身有一种满意感而对企业忠诚。

3.采用目标管理，实行团队合作

目标管理的实质是强调组织成员亲自参与目标计划，实现自我控制，围绕目标展开工作。目标管理还能促使下放过程管理的权力，使员工在独立解决顾客的问题时不会有所顾忌，从而在保持整体有效控制的前提下，把酒店服务搞得更加人性化和个性化。由于酒店组织都划分了部门界限，严格规定了标准的操作程序，餐厅和厨房之间、会议销售部和客房部之间、客房部和工程部之间等都存在一种潜在的权责的竞争，传统的等级管理制度限制了酒店组织的决策能力，利用团队合作，如部门工作队、跨职能工作队、特派工作队等，打破了传统等级制度对决策能力的限制，能根据顾客不断变化的需要和期望快速反应，制定出有效的绩效目标，并达成目标。

4.控制关键时刻，持续改进

“关键时刻”是由斯堪的纳维亚航空公司总裁简・卡尔莱首次提出，而后卡尔・奥尔布雷克特和罗恩・泽门克将其定义为“顾客与组织的任何方面进行接触并对其服务质量产生一定印象的任何时刻”。如果“关键时刻”顾客的需求没有得到满足，酒店的服务得分就会大打折扣，即便别的方面都很好。为避免关键失误，林恩・舒期塔克提出使用“服务蓝图”的管理来解决。“服务蓝图”通过描绘出服务流程中的关键时刻，如客人登记入住、客人点餐、询问信息等步骤，现实动态的展现过程的瞬间状况，使管理人员直观地了解顾客的总体需求，以及酒店应该在时间和地点方面做出哪些安排来满足这些需求。对关键时刻的控制，可以促使酒店体系不断改进，日臻完善。

酒店服务质量管理研究论文文献

[1]贾依・坎达姆普利.服务管理――酒店管理新模式[M].旅游教育出版社.2006年

[2]何健民:提高我国饭店企业顾客价值与利润的方式[J].旅游科学.2004年1月

[3]田亚丽:中外饭店服务模式比较研究[J].北京第二外国语学院学报.2003年5月

[4]殷耀宁:试论体验经济时代的旅游酒店服务.科技经济市场.2006年10月

酒店服务质量管理研究论文摘要

摘 要：我国的高级酒店行业在近几年来伴随着全球经济一体化的发展国际交流的频繁进行得到了长足的发展，高级酒店个性化服务质量是未来酒店行业竞争的主导趋势。酒店根据每个顾客的特别需求，以变革的服务理念重新审视酒店服务，以顾客的个性化需求为出发点，深入细致地观察、恰到好处地把握顾客需求，尽量发挥酒店和服务人员的个性特点，以提高其服务水平和盈利能力。

酒店服务质量管理研究论文内容

关键词：高级酒店;个性化服务;提升;质量管理;对策

一.如何提升我国高级酒店个性化服务质量管理对策

(一)完善信息服务化，加强客户沟通

(1)优化组织效率，提高服务质量

加强员工的组织效率，重要的岗位聘请高素质人才，个性化服务是一个全新的服务理念，让员工利用自己的方法来增强企业的 文化 ，提高服务质量，使其内部管理更加灵活。

(2)利用网络，进行个性化服务

电脑系统已经在酒店中广泛运用，要完善服务信息网络，为提供有针对性的个性化服务，这是进一步提高个性化服务质量的基础。

(3)顾客信息的掌握量

酒店的增加与顾客的接触，员工迅速的做出反应。与顾客接触越多，获得信息量越大，维持好良好的宾客关系，所有环节在任何时间都有人负责，及时发现问题，纠正问题。顾客信息应该进行系统的统计，根据数据发现问题，解决问题，在各个环节都能提供及时的满足。

(4)推广员工参与管理，培养对酒店的忠诚度

采取各种 措施 让员工对企业的忠诚度提高，积极主动的加入到参与酒店的经营中来。管理层充分的挖掘员工内在的潜力，明确员工的权责划分，行使自我的参与管理权，让员工对酒店的业务更多地参与进来，让员工看到工作带来的成就感和激情，从而推广员工参与管理的策略。

1.树立正确的酒店理念，纠正服务人员偏差

个性化的酒店服务理念对酒店发展有重要的竞争力。个性化的服务应该以“顾客需要”为中心，要求服务人员从根本上消除对个性化服务的偏差。酒店管理的应该考虑服务质量的若干方案，纠正对个性化服务的 认识偏差，使个性化的服务理念深入每个员工的身心，让每个员工都从自身做起，产生强烈的责任感，满意的顾客才能给酒店带来营业经济收入，同时个性化的服务给酒店带来良好的口碑。

2.采取合理有效措施，提升员工综合能力

为了提高员工的综合素质，从以下几点措施可以做到：首先，酒店在招聘人员时应该按照实际需要和需求岗位进行招聘，选拔高素质人才。其次，酒店应该按照“一切从实际出发原则”，每个员工给予同样平等竞争机会，采取合理用人机制。最后，不同的员工在不同的岗位行使其职能，定期的进行系统化的培训(例如：服务培训，英语培训和管理能力培训)，以便员工更好的掌握本岗位的工作技能。只有做到这三点才能从整体的角度提升员工的综合素质，只有这样才能更好地满足顾客对酒店的消费需求和期望值，也只有这样才能更好的提高酒店个性化服务质量管理，为酒店提供优质的个性化服务。

3.酒店管理层和员工素质不断强化

管理层的中心思想是提高酒店的服务质量。对于管理者来说，要员工树立服务意识和观念更需要做出表率。只有酒店员工在行动上认识到服务的重要性，才能正确的树立服务意识。所以，管理者必须才有有效的措施加强酒店员工的服务意识，平时多给员工加强学习和培训的机会，让每个员工思想都能深入到服务意识中去。这有这样才能提升酒店的整体服务的水平，保证顾客的满意度，真正的做到提高管理者和员工的素质。

二.提升我国高级酒店个性化服务的重要意义

1.增强企业竞争力，培养竞争优势。

我国国际化进程逐渐加快，高级酒店业的发展规模，投资，市场加大。地区产业的酒店竞争日趋激烈，跨国酒店的加入，从而导致了顾客流的竞争。

经济效益十分必要

2.树立酒店品牌，培养忠实顾客。

高品质的个性化酒店服务相比 广告 产品的包装形象更具有影响力。酒店采用多种形式的服务质量，才能保证顾客真正的信任你，突出服务的个性化和完美的结合，树立酒店品牌形象，具有竞争力。

3.提高酒店的经济效益，稳定支流

旅游企业提高经济效益，稳定企业内部采取节制，才能充分的挖掘出顾客的深层消费潜力，避免同行业竞争，顾客的流失，挖掘多的销售机会，提高企业市场竞争力，对我国星级酒店的提高得到帮助。

4.搞好高级酒店个性化服务，积累服务 经验

灵活运用个性化的服务，不断创新，不断发展，全面的满足顾客的需求，根据顾客的需求而改变服务，而不是一味的规范。随着酒店业的发展，工作范围的不断扩大，个性化的服务势必在发展的浪潮中立于不败之地。高级酒店为顾客提供个性化的超值服务，能够给他们留下深刻的印象，真正的实现服务的价值，全面满足不同类型顾客的个性化需求。一切从顾客的角度出发，考虑到顾客去酒店的目的，实现顾客的需求(自尊需求，安全归属感，友情归属感，气氛归属感)，在实际工作积累经验，提高酒店个性化服务。

三.总结

综上所述：新时期下，酒店个性化服务的创新决定了企业的发展企业。提升了企业发展进程。酒店业的个性化服务的发展，是未来酒店业经营的重心点。因此，必须培养顾客的忠诚度，树立酒店的独有品牌，顺应酒店行业发展的潮流，为企业竞争赢得优势，稳步的提高企业的经济效益。酒店采取人性化的用人理念，推广以个性化服务为基础的酒店管理，不断提高客户满意度，使个性化服务真正的做到深度，系统和制度化，实现真正意义上的个性化服务质量管理，真正的做到促进酒店综合能力的竞争。

酒店服务质量管理研究论文文献

[1]张春琴，郭燕芝.大规模定制时代酒店产品特色构建探讨[J].江西科技师范学院学报.2008(08)：10-11

摘要：近年来，随着人们生活水平的提高，旅游热有增无减。在旅游过程中，酒店服务质量毫无疑问的成为游客关注的焦点。提升酒店服务质量对于酒店来说意义重大。本文首先阐述了提升旅游酒店服务质量的意义，然后对酒店存在的问题予以剖析，最后提出了相应对策，期待能够对提升旅游酒店的服务质量起到一定的积极作用。

关键词：旅游酒店 ;服务质量 ;问题 ;对策

一.提升旅游酒店服务质量的重要意义

(一)激发员工主动性，提供酒店发展的力量源泉

员工是旅游酒店向前迈进的关键因素。提升酒店服务质量，本质上是在追求人人平等、人人奉献、人人受尊重的工作氛围。在这种氛围中，酒店领导会对员工的劳动给予高度的认可，并可能给予一定奖励，从此产生一种激励机制，使员工拥有归属感和成就感，激发其责任心和进取心，发挥其主观能动性，为酒店发展提供无穷的力量源泉。

(二)约束员工行为，弥足酒店 规章制度 的不足

提升服务质量本质上是员工行为规范的内在要求，这种无形力量能够制约员工的行为，弥补硬性规章制度的不足。提升服务质量能够使职工在心底形成为一种理念，产生一种响应机制。员工只有实现自律，才会形成稳定的群体意识，心存良好的职业操守，使酒店上下形成和谐默契的工作氛围。

(三)加强对外宣传，树立和巩固酒店的对外形象

酒店形象决定了酒店在游客心中的第一印象。酒店服务质量更是影响酒店对外形象的关键因素。提升服务质量，才能让游客真切地感受到酒店的魅力和丰厚的人文气息，从而提升酒店的形象，实现酒店预期效益和长远发展。

二.旅游酒店服务质量存在的问题

(一)部门之间缺乏协作精神，未能形成整体服务意识

旅游酒店的优质服务无法靠单个部门来实现，而是需要酒店各个部门的互相协作来实现。目前，我国酒店的部门协作精神较为欠缺，部门负责人往往看重本部门的服务质量和服务业绩，严重忽略了与其他部门在工作上的有效协调和衔接，最终使酒店整体服务出现环节断裂的现象，导致游客奔向其他酒店，各部门之间及员工之间则相互指责，使游客对酒店的形象大打折扣，影响酒店效益。

(二)员工个人素质较低，导致服务不规范

首先，员工服务不规范。有的服务员经常未经敲门就进入游客房间，并擅自移动游客物品，客房必备品空缺时不能及时补齐，甚至出现游客物品丢失现象，这些现象在旅游酒店中较为常见，降低了游客对酒店的信任度。

其次，员工服务态度差。在就餐时，员工经常表现出不耐烦的举动，对游客态度很生硬，动作缓慢，这些行为在星级酒店中更加明显，严重影响酒店现象。

(三)员工待遇保障系数不高，阻碍服务水平的提升

目前，我国旅游酒店提升服务质量所需要付出更多的努力，这是一项很繁重的管理任务。然而，旅游酒店员工的工资待遇很是有限，往往达不到所在城市的最低工资水平，这种现象严重制约了他们工作热情的释放，致使他们无法从容的面对工作，服务质量也就无从谈起。

(四)服务质量管理效率低下，影响酒店服务品质

首先，服务质量管理意识弱化。不少酒店的管理人员口头上承认服务质量的重要性，却不能在实际行动中表达出对服务质量的重视，这种只“言”不“行”的做法非常不利于酒店的发展。

其次，服务质量管理手段乏力。正因为管理者轻视服务质量的重要性，他们对组织机构设置、员工配置、管理方法及措施上未能做出应有的努力，无法对酒店服务质量实现全面科学的管理。

三.提升酒店服务质量的对策

(一)强化管理者服务质量意识，充分保障员工应有的待遇

服务质量是酒店工作的核心。需要全体人员的共同努力和付出。因此，酒店管理者更应当牢固树立服务意识，并时刻以身作则，带动其他员工向自己看齐，形成一个良好的工作氛围，把质量当成酒店发展的命脉，使酒店全体工作人员的思想与行动保持一致，实现酒店的服务质量管理目标。

此外，酒店应当对员工的薪资待遇予以充分保障，按时发放工资，对需要照顾的员工给予应有的照顾和帮扶，体现出酒店对内部员工的人文关怀，敦促他们更好的工作。

(二)加强酒店员工队伍建设，提高管理人员素质

目前，酒店员工过硬的素质往往要通过培训工作来实现。酒店管理组织应当注重对员工的培训工作。我国旅游区酒店应当投入足够的培训费用，加大培训力度，努力提升部门负责人及员工的业务素质，以利于酒店服务质量的提升。同时，还应当注重酒店员工职业道德的塑造和提升，获取游客的高度信任，以便更好地进行服务工作，博得游客的真正满意。

(三)制订服务质量标准和质量目标，使服务系统化规范化

首先，酒店应当明确自身的各个服务项目，并针对这些项目制定相应的质量标准和工作程序，督促员工严格按照标准和程序提供服务，使服务实现系统化规范化。

其次，部门负责人应当对各岗位个环节的服务过程予以记录，并认真进行分析研究，找出不足，拿出合理化措施，并形成书面资料，使酒店服务更加人性化科学化。

再次，酒店应当建立服务质量反馈系统，接受游客的意见或建议，及时改进服务措施。

总之，随着旅游业的兴起和繁荣，旅游区酒店服务质量提升成为酒店健康长远发展的关键途径。因此，酒店应当高度重视服务质量管理，将服务质量落到实处，促进酒店的可持续发展。

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1. 浅谈酒店管理论文范文

2. 浅谈酒店文化的研究论文

3. 浅谈酒店管理论文

4. 酒店管理论文范文

5. 酒店管理论文范文精选

6. 浅议酒店人力资源管理论文

隐喻的中西方文化差异Abstract: Metaphor is not only a linguistic phenomenon but also a way of thinking, which is one of the basic methods for human survival and cognition. It is rooted in language, thought and culture. Through the analysis and comparison of the use and concept of metaphor in different countries, we find that its universality and commonality of the metaphor as a basic human cognitive activities. However, metaphor in different languages reflects a different way of thinking and behavior and different cultural patterns. Owing to the different two modes of thinking and culture, there are some differences in understanding and formation that can not be ignored. Therefore, this paper will discuss the questions above.Keywords: metaphor, cross-cultural differences, translation. 1. Preamble Metaphor is a common phenomenon, a large number of people use metaphor to express his feelings and ideas. British scientists rhetoric Richards (IARichards) once said, "We have day-to-day in almost every conversation in three sentences may be a metaphor." According to statistics, life around the use of 4,700,000 new metaphor, 2,140,000 stereotypes of metaphor. Research in recent years, there is a great metaphor. This article introduced in the definition of metaphor on the basis of summing up the similarities and differences between Chinese and Western metaphor, and that its culture, precisely because of the prevalence of metaphor, how to translate metaphor has become a very important issue in the latter part of the article is aimed at The translation of metaphor put forward a translation of the three strategies. This paper studies aimed at trying to comparative analysis of English and Chinese in a large number of day-to-day language of metaphor to express, find out the differences and similarities, in order to be able to accurately translate the article in good metaphor to explore a little. This article is about the metaphor from the point of view to explore the differences in the way Thinking allows us to a deeper understanding of language, culture, the relationship between thinking and can more clearly understand the different ethnic language, culture, way of thinking, and so on On the nature of translation. 2. Metaphors in Chinese and Western studies In 1980, Lakoff & Johnson (George Lakoff & Mark Johnson) made a "living metaphor" (Metaphors We Live By) of the book, a modern metaphor to open a new chapter in the school. Domestic academia on the "metaphor" This is also a review of the system, such as Lin Wu's book "Study abroad metaphor Looking at the" beam-setting "metaphor research," Li of China and India "The main subjects Metaphor" and so on. However, the Chinese metaphor for the academic study of rare. "Chinese scholars on the study of metaphor, I am afraid the real contribution should be through the metaphor of the Chinese characteristics of research and study, through the metaphor of the Chinese and other languages in the comparative study of metaphor, metaphor for the establishment of a more general theory of the strong, and even unique The basis. "Lin Wu in the book" metaphor of the basic research the status quo, and the focus of the trend "in the main text, put forward a model of cultural metaphors with the relationship:" The language of metaphor is the emergence of expression into the system, which not only reflects the psychological Structure, but also reflect the different cultural models also play a role. " 2.1 metaphor in the relationship between Chinese and Western cultures 2.1.1 relationship Correspond to (corresponding) refers to the relationship between the two languages, English and Chinese in the meaning and metaphor in the use of the same meaning in the culture and image, and so on and-one mapping. This is because the survival of mankind itself, as well as all the external conditions, including the geographical environment, climate change, and the whole of human society and cultural background are certain there is a common, which formed a common humanity of their own and the outside world on many issues. In the "angry" mood, the English are angry that physiological responses, such as: grind one's teeth. (Teeth), bare one's teeth. (Ziyaliezui) an eye for an eye and a tooth for a tooth. (an eye for an eye, a tooth for a tooth), reflecting the Chinese culture on the basis of common experience. 2.1.2 non-correspondence English-Chinese metaphor, after all, rooted in two different languages on the soil, resulting in very different cultural backgrounds, fully corresponds to the few metaphors, the vast majority do not have common cultural identity in order to form the corresponding non-(non-corresponding ) Relations. Non-relationship metaphor can be roughly divided into three categories: 2.1.2.1 Vehicle counterpart, Yu Yi does not correspond to English and Chinese in some cases there is the same as a metaphor, but in their own language and culture in the meaning of the metaphor means is different, even different. Peacock in the Chinese culture is auspicious, a symbol of beauty, especially the Dai people to express jumped Pavaner desire to better their own. If the Chinese people will be likened to a peacock, it means that beautiful light. However, in English, peacock (Peacock) is a symbol of pride, often interpreted as arrogance, love to show off. For example, They were eager to take the young peacock down a peg. (They want to pressure a pressure that the arrogant young guy's momentum). 2.1.2.2 counterpart Yu Yi, the vehicle does not correspond to English-Chinese two nations due to their differences, from different angles to look at things the same, it will be a different analogy. As a result both English and Chinese language there is a different vehicle, but Yu was referring to was basically the same as the meaning of the case, that is the same kind of non-correspondence. Such as: a person described as the hearts of anxious, restless, Chinese is "ants on the hot pan" and English is "a cat on the bricks". There are similar: To kick down the ladder. Guohechaiqiao. 2.1.2.3 Yu Yu Yi and do not correspond to Some of the metaphors Yu-Yu has a meaning and it refers to the language and culture are closely related, in another culture often can not find corresponding Yu and Yu Yi, which resulted in a culture known as the default Phenomenon. For example: in English "my rib" I am referring to Yu's wife, it comes from the "Bible" story, that is, Adam (Adam)'s wife Eve (Eve) God is with a piece of Adam's rib made. The Chinese did not, "the Bible" cultural background, and there was no analogy with rib habit, so the formation of a corresponding gap. Similarly, "ugly duckling" (Ugly Duckling) refers to the metaphor will get ahead of Little, "early bird" refers to the diligent Yu, in the words into Chinese language, culture, as a result of the default, can not find a corresponding relationship between metaphor . 2.2 Chinese and Western cultures in the common metaphor Metaphor and culture to a large extent, human beings have a common understanding, rooted in the people's own day-to-day experience. In this connection, often between different ethnic groups are the same. Both English and Chinese language in a lot of abstract thinking that the metaphorical expression is the same. For example: the human child in the period to form a position on the concept of input in that direction in the form of many of them easily understood, including the position expressed by metaphor, which has become a fixed pattern of thinking. For example: The term direction (up, down) to describe people's social status, physical, emotional, and other abstract concepts to the case when the good is up; Sad is down. We Chinese are also not difficult to find a similar sentence: "Gas Prices "," enhance the social status "and" vision "and" depressed. " Since the objective laws of nature with the relative unity of different cultures to understand the nature of the course is similar to the cognitive experience. 2.3 in the metaphor of the difference between Chinese and Western cultures As the English-Chinese geographical and cultural differences, living in two different cultures in practice there are a lot of differences, and different life experiences and let people understand the objective world, a different language carries different nationalities Cultural characteristics and cultural information. Understanding of metaphor is not out of socio-cultural backgrounds. For example, social and cultural impact of the color words is deep-rooted, some color words in different cultures in an entirely different meaning, has a distinctive feature of our national culture. Such as: English, said in green "inexperienced" and "shallow knowledge", such as: "a green hand", "I was very green when I started working there." The Chinese like to express the meaning of the word is "yellow" Such as: "Huangmaoyatou" and "flower girl". Cultural background knowledge is the metaphor to create a rich source of thinking, as the Eastern and Western cultures are different, metaphors in English and Chinese applications there are also significant differences. 2.4 The metaphor of the cross-cultural differences between Chinese and Western influence Language is a cultural change in the development of the complex, subject to political, economic, historical, environmental and other factors. Chinese and Western styles are different, but in many ways to infiltrate interaction and integration, language differences and cultural metaphor for the inevitable impact is complex and diverse. 2.4.1 metaphorical expression of cultural conflict Different nationalities in the world to observe a different perspective and ideas, different cultures there are a lot of conflict or inconsistency metaphor. If the animal metaphors, in English Long (dragon) is a kind of evil, will belch out smoke monster. "Bible", the dragon is the devil, is a symbol of evil and terror, there is a terrible vicious meaning. The Chinese dragon is in power, the auspicious symbol of Chinese traditional culture, the Chinese have "Wangzichenglong", "descendants of the Dragon." The same analogy in different cultures, different meaning, of two cultures "Dragon" to give a different connotation. 2.4.2 differences in living conditions caused by differences in metaphor In English is a lot of metaphor and marine-related, such as: all at sea (at a loss what to do); drink like a fish (drinking cow); fish in the air (Shuizhonglaoyue); give up the ship (give up). In Chinese, there are a lot of the horse or cattle pose a metaphor, such as: "a willing ox" (a willing horse) Gan means to serve the community; "old ox" (a working horse) refers to the hard work; "bragging "(Talk horse), and so on. This is due to different geographical location and natural environment caused by different cultural metaphor. Britain is an island, ultimately, dependent on the sea, and China is a large agricultural country, farming culture deeply feudal society. 2.4.3 different religious and cultural differences arising from the metaphor Religious culture of human culture is an important part of it by referring to the nation's religious beliefs, such as the formation of the sense of culture, "the Bible" in the story, with its language and meaning has become a feature of daily life in the West in terms of . For example, power of the keys (the keys to the kingdom of heaven; the rights of the Pope), in the right church, but in the wrong pew (in general is right, but not the details), and so on. Chinese culture and Buddhism, Taoism and more affected by the impact of Confucianism, the Chinese, there are a lot of related argot. "Jiehuaxianfo"; "临时抱佛脚"; "做一天和尚撞一天钟" and so on. It is due to the diversity of culture, resulting in the differences between English and Chinese metaphor. This difference to the cross-cultural communication has brought the impact. As a foreign language students, do not understand the difference between metaphor and language will make mistakes, sometimes mistakenly made good as pleasant, caused by either one or both of the conversation unpleasant; also sometimes mocked as a praise. When a native language other operators do not understand the language contained in the cultural differences, it is often difficult for such language to accurately convey the meaning of the understanding, difficulty to the cross-cultural exchange. 3. Metaphor of the three methods of translation The translation of metaphor not only accurately and effectively convey the original language, but also loyal, accessible, complete reproduction of the original language and cultural connotation and significance. But in the West because of cultural differences and different, so the translation of metaphor in English on the need to consider not only its literal sense, and so on, but also in the West should pay attention to their cultural differences. American Eugene Nida said: "Translation is the exchange between the two cultures. The real success of the translation, even more familiar with the two cultures is more important to master two languages. Because only in terms of its role in the culture In the background will only be meaningful. "Therefore, the translation of metaphor to combining Chinese and Western cultures, and cultural backgrounds to leave the translation, can not be achieved between the two languages of the real exchange. 3.1 Literal Translation The so-called "literal" is asked in the language when conditions permit, in the translation to maintain the original content, but also to maintain the original form, in particular, to maintain the original metaphor, the image of the nation, and other local color. In the literal translation method to maintain the original expression of the culture and at the same time, target enriched the vocabulary and expression, such as: "a Pandora's box" (Pandora's Box); "chain reaction" (chain reaction). In the original text and asked the information contained in the same culture, we should adopt the literal translation method. (1) You are my sunshine, my only sunshine. : You are my sun, my only sunshine. In Chinese and English, the sun is warm, beautiful, in both languages, they disseminate information on culture are the same. As a rule, and asked in the original text in the form of grammatical structure, similar to the style or color on basically the same, the law should adopt the literal translation. (1) He is another Shylock. : He is also a Shylock. (Note: Shakespeare's Shylock is "The Merchant of Venice" in a very harsh mean business People. ) (2) To carry coals to Newcastle. : Coal to Newcastle. (Note: "Newcastle" is a British coal, coal is superfluous here.) 4. Conclusion Metaphor as a way to figures of speech or skills, a unique feature of grammar, which features make the sentence more flexible and constructive, but the United States. Is a metaphor to express more complex ideas and things, a powerful tool. Wherever and whenever people in their daily lives are often used metaphor. As Mr. Lin Zhuang said: "The metaphor is no longer expanding his knowledge and understanding of a passive process. To help us in the form of new knowledge, the metaphor has played an active role so that we can better a better understanding of the objective world." In English and Chinese Metaphorical significance of the difference is due to cultural differences between East and West, that mode of thinking, moral values and sense of difference. However, different cultural impact of what is the concept of metaphor, it is still a need to examine and address the problem. At the same time, in the metaphor of the process of translation must pay special attention to cultural differences. The best translation is to be able to accurately reflect the true meaning of the author, as well as its cultural and stylistic characteristics of the translation, that is, the translation of metaphor to make as much as possible the original language and to achieve the target language culture, and so on.