英语中的语序通常是“主语在前,谓语在后”,这称为自然语序。反之,谓语动词的一部分或全部放在主语的前面,这样的语序称为倒状语序。倒状又分为全部倒状和部分倒状两种。按照目的来分类,倒装句可分为两类:因语法结构引起的倒装句和部分引起的倒装句。1) 语法倒装句型(一) 疑问倒装Can you operate the new machine ?你能操作这台机器么?In what way are they different ?她们在哪些方面不同?(二) There be 句型的倒装There are many forms of energy . 能量有多种形式。There stands a stone bridge across the river .河上有座石桥。(三) 表示祝愿的倒装May you succeed ! 祝你成功!(四) 以here, there, now, then, thus等副词为句首的句子倒装。谓语动词通常是be, come, go, exist, follow等不及物动词。Here is the book you want .你要的书在这儿。There goes the bell.铃响了。Now is the hour when they say goodbye.她们告别的时候到了。Then follows the fashion show .然后是时装表演。(五) 表示否定或基本否定的词与词组放在句首的句子倒装。这样的词与词组主要有: never \ seldom \ scarcely \ hardly \ rarely \ little \ not \nowhere ; hardly … when \ no sooner … than … \ in no case \ in no way \ on no account \ at no time \not only … but also 等等。 Never has any country made so much progress in such a short time .从来没有任何一个国家在这么短的时间内取得这样大的进步。 Rarely did Tom leave his lab those days .那几天汤姆很少离开她的实验室。No sooner had they got to the plant than they started to work. . 她们一到工厂就开始工作起来了。(六) “Only +状语”放在句首的句子倒装Only by working hard can one succeed .只有努力才能成功。Only once have I seen him . 我只见过她一次面。Only when one falls ill does one know the value of health .只有生病的时候才知道健康的可贵。(七) 反复倒装。如果前面分句中所述的情况也适合后面的分句,后面的分句常用so (肯定句),nor , neither 或no more (否定句)开头引导倒装句。 They can leave now , so can we.她们现在可以离开,我们也能。 Our society has changed and so have the people in it . 社会变了,人也变了。 He didn’t see the film last night , neither did she .她昨晚没有看电影,她也没看。 Energy cannot be created ,and neither can it be destroyed .能量不能创造,也不能消灭。(八) 虚拟条件句中的倒装。虚拟语气中的条件从句省去if 时,were ,had 或should 须放在主语前面。 Were it not for your help ,I wouldn’t have got I have today .要是没有你的帮助,我就不会有今天。 Were there no air ,there would be no sound .没有空气就没有声音。 Had I left a little earlier ,I would have caught .我要是早点动身就赶上火车了。2) 强调倒装句因强调而引起的倒装句,一般是强调什么成分就将什么成分放在句首,使其句子倒装。(1) 状语放在句首Down went the boat ! 船沉了! Off is the train . 火车开走了。Up went the rocket into the air . 火箭上了天。Across the river lies a newly building steel bridge .新建的一座钢桥横跨这条河流。(2) 表语放在句首 Great are our achievements in science and technology .我们在科技上的成就是伟大的。 Of all metal construction are wing structures of modern high-speed airplanes.现代高速飞机的机翼是全金属结构的。(3) 宾语放在句首What man has done man can do .前人能做的,后人也能做。What he did I cannot imagine .我想象不出她做了什么。Whether these figures are accurate ,I don’t know .这些数字是否精确,我不知道。What will be the outcome ,no one can tell.后果会怎样,没有人知道。 更详细地资料在: