电子商务论文中英文文献

nternet作为电子商务的载体，已成为企业必不可少的信息采集、传输和交换的工具，网络（信息）时代的到来为基于Internet的IT服务业注入了新的活力， Internet is electronic vehicle for business on line, it turns to be unsplit tool for company for the purpose of collection, transferring and exchange for information, with the net work ( information) age availability, which input new vigor into IT service industry based on internet. 其中电子商务（Electronic Commerce， EC）更是备受瞩目，已被公认为是影响21世纪世界经济格局的新型经济模式和催化剂。 Whereby, Electronic Commerce is the focus of attention, and regarded as new economic mode and activator for global economics in 21st centrury. 在它经历了三个艰难的发展历程（电子零售、电子贸易和网上交易市场）之后，逐渐成熟起来，它的核心是运用现代计算机通讯技术， after it passed 3 difficult stages (electronic retail sales, electronic trading and sales market on line), it is mature step by step, it lies in his core tech. from modern computer communication system. 尤其是网络技术为企业进行社会生产经营活动服务，使企业提高生产效益、降低经营成本、优化资源配置，从而实现社会财富的最大化。 Especially net work technology serves for social production operation of companies so as to improve the production output and benefit, to decrease the operation costing, to optimize resource , so that maximum social property can be realised. 特别是对于中小企业来说电子商务通过良好地运用，更能出现一些惊喜的结果。 The most surprising target is achieved by small and medium size enterprises who make good use of electronic business. 本文共分为四章，通过研究电子商务对中小企业的影响和重要性来阐述中小企业在面临这个电子化、网络化的时代所可以采取的一些策略和办法来提高企业的核心竞争力。 The article is drafted in 4 chapters, with the study on the influence and importance of electronic business for small and medium sized companies, it set forth some strategies and actions can be taken in order to improve the company core competency of competition in the net work age.

Managing Channels of Distribution Under the Environment of Electronic Commerce【英文篇名】 Managing Channels of Distribution Under the Environment of Electronic Commerce 【作者英文名】 ZHENG Bing~1 FENG Yixiong~2 1.College of Economics & Management; Dalian University; Dalian 116622; China 2.State Key Laboratory of CAD&CG; Zhejiang University; Hangzhou 310027; China; 【文献出处】 武汉理工大学学报, Journal of WuhanUniversity of Technology, 编辑部邮箱 2006年 S2期 【英文关键词】 marketing channels; distribution strategy; customer demand; electronic commerce; Fair E-Payment Protocol Based on Simple Partially Blind Signature Scheme【英文篇名】 Fair E-Payment Protocol Based on Simple Partially Blind Signature Scheme 【作者英文名】 LIU Jingwei; SUN Rong; KOU Weidong State Key Laboratory of Integrated Service Networks; Xidian University; Xi’an 710071; Shaanxi; China; 【文献出处】 Wuhan University Journal of Natural Sciences, 武汉大学自然科学学报(英文版), 编辑部邮箱 2007年 01期 【英文关键词】 electronic commerce; e-payment; Schnorr signature; partial blind signature; 【英文摘要】 This paper presents a simple partially blind signature scheme with low computation. By converse using the partially blind signature scheme, we build a simple fair e-payment protocol. In the protocol, two participants achieve the goals of exchanging their digital signatures from each other in a simple way. An ad- vantage of this scheme is that this approach does not require the intervention of the third party in any case. The low-computation property makes our scheme very attractive for mobile client and sma...

一篇电子商务英文文献(The development of e-commerce )-A perfect marketMay 13th 2004 From The Economist print editionE-commerce is coming of age, says Paul Markillie, but not in the way predicted in the bubble years WHEN the technology bubble burst in 2000, the crazy valuations for online companies vanished with it, and many businesses folded. The survivors plugged on as best they could, encouraged by the growing number of internet users. Now valuations are rising again and some of the dotcoms are making real profits, but the business world has become much more cautious about the internet’s potential. The funny thing is that the wild predictions made at the height of the boom—namely, that vast chunks of the world economy would move into cyberspace—are, in one way or another, coming true.The raw numbers tell only part of the story. According to America’s Department of Commerce, online retail sales in the world’s biggest market last year rose by 26%, to $55 billion. That sounds a lot of money, but it amounts to only 1.6% of total retail sales. The vast majority of people still buy most things in the good old “bricks-and-mortar” world.But the commerce department’s figures deal with only part of the retail industry. For instance, they exclude online travel services, one of the most successful and fastest-growing sectors of e-commerce. InterActiveCorp (IAC), the owner of expedia.com and hotels.com, alone sold $10 billion-worth of travel last year—and it has plenty of competition, not least from airlines, hotels and car-rental companies, all of which increasingly sell online. Nor do the figures take in things like financial services, ticket-sales agencies, pornography (a $2 billion business in America last year, according to Adult Video News, a trade magazine), online dating and a host of other activities, from tracing ancestors to gambling (worth perhaps $6 billion worldwide). They also leave out purchases in grey markets, such as the online pharmacies that are thought to be responsible for a good proportion of the $700m that Americans spent last year on buying cut-price prescription drugs from across the border in Canada. Tip of the icebergAnd there is more. The commerce department’s figures include the fees earned by internet auction sites, but not the value of goods that are sold: an astonishing $24 billion-worth of trade was done last year on eBay, the biggest online auctioneer. Nor, by definition, do they include the billions of dollars-worth of goods bought and sold by businesses connecting to each other over the internet. Some of these B2B services are proprietary; for example, Wal-Mart tells its suppliers that they must use its own system if they want to be part of its annual turnover of $250 billion.So e-commerce is already very big, and it is going to get much bigger. But the actual value of transactions currently concluded online is dwarfed by the extraordinary influence the internet is exerting over purchases carried out in the offline world. That influence is becoming an integral part of e-commerce. To start with, the internet is profoundly changing consumer behaviour. One in five customers walking into a Sears department store in America to buy an electrical appliance will have researched their purchase online—and most will know down to a dime what they intend to pay. More surprisingly, three out of four Americans start shopping for new cars online, even though most end up buying them from traditional dealers. The difference is that these customers come to the showroom armed with information about the car and the best available deals. Sometimes they even have computer print-outs identifying the particular vehicle from the dealer’s stock that they want to buy.Half of the 60m consumers in Europe who have an internet connection bought products offline after having investigated prices and details online, according to a study by Forrester, a research consultancy (see chart 1). Different countries have different habits. In Italy and Spain, for instance, people are twice as likely to buy offline as online after researching on the internet. But in Britain and Germany, the two most developed internet markets, the numbers are evenly split. Forrester says that people begin to shop online for simple, predictable products, such as DVDs, and then graduate to more complex items. Used-car sales are now one of the biggest online growth areas in America.People seem to enjoy shopping on the internet, if high customer-satisfaction scores are any guide. Websites are doing ever more and cleverer things to serve and entertain their customers, and seem set to take a much bigger share of people’s overall spending in the future.Why websites matterThis has enormous implications for business. A company that neglects its website may be committing commercial suicide. A website is increasingly becoming the gateway to a company’s brand, products and services—even if the firm does not sell online. A useless website suggests a useless company, and a rival is only a mouse-click away. But even the coolest website will be lost in cyberspace if people cannot find it, so companies have to ensure that they appear high up in internet search results. For many users, a search site is now their point of entry to the internet. The best-known search engine has already entered the lexicon: people say they have “Googled” a company, a product or their plumber. The search business has also developed one of the most effective forms of advertising on the internet. And it is already the best way to reach some consumers: teenagers and young men spend more time online than watching television. All this means that search is turning into the internet’s next big battleground as Google defends itself against challenges from Yahoo! and Microsoft.The other way to get noticed online is to offer goods and services through one of the big sites that already get a lot of traffic. Ebay, Yahoo! and Amazon are becoming huge trading platforms for other companies. But to take part, a company’s products have to stand up to intense price competition. People check online prices, compare them with those in their local high street and may well take a peek at what customers in other countries are paying. Even if websites are prevented from shipping their goods abroad, there are plenty of web-based entrepreneurs ready to oblige. What is going on here is arbitrage between different sales channels, says Mohanbir Sawhney, professor of technology at the Kellogg School of Management in Chicago. For instance, someone might use the internet to research digital cameras, but visit a photographic shop for a hands-on demonstration. “I’ll think about it,” they will tell the sales assistant. Back home, they will use a search engine to find the lowest price and buy online. In this way, consumers are “deconstructing the purchasing process”, says Professor Sawhney. They are unbundling product information from the transaction itself.All about meIt is not only price transparency that makes internet consumers so powerful; it is also the way the net makes it easy for them to be fickle. If they do not like a website, they swiftly move on. “The web is the most selfish environment in the world,” says Daniel Rosensweig, chief operating officer of Yahoo! “People want to use the internet whenever they want, how they want and for whatever they want.”Yahoo! is not alone in defining its strategy as working out what its customers (260m unique users every month) are looking for, and then trying to give it to them. The first thing they want is to become better informed about products and prices. “We operate our business on that belief,” says Jeff Bezos, Amazon’s chief executive. Amazon became famous for books, but long ago branched out into selling lots of other things too; among its latest ventures are health products, jewellery and gourmet food. Apart from cheap and bulky items such as garden rakes, Mr Bezos thinks he can sell most things. And so do the millions of people who use eBay.And yet nobody thinks real shops are finished, especially those operating in niche markets. Many bricks-and-mortar bookshops still make a good living, as do flea markets. But many record shops and travel agents could be in for a tougher time. Erik Blachford, the head of IAC’s travel side and boss of Expedia, the biggest internet travel agent, thinks online travel bookings in America could quickly move from 20% of the market to more than half. Mr Bezos reckons online retailers might capture 10-15% of retail sales over the next decade. That would represent a massive shift in spending. How will traditional shops respond? Michael Dell, the founder of Dell, which leads the personal-computer market by selling direct to the customer, has long thought many shops will turn into showrooms. There are already signs of change on the high street. The latest Apple and Sony stores are designed to display products, in the full expectation that many people will buy online. To some extent, the online and offline worlds may merge. Multi-channel selling could involve a combination of traditional shops, a printed catalogue, a home-shopping channel on TV, a phone-in order service and an e-commerce-enabled website. But often it is likely to be the website where customers will be encouraged to place their orders. One of the biggest commercial advantages of the internet is a lowering of transaction costs, which usually translates directly into lower prices for the consumer. So, if the lowest prices can be found on the internet and people like the service they get, why would they buy anywhere else? One reason may be convenience; another, concern about fraud, which poses the biggest threat to online trade. But as long as the internet continues to deliver price and product information quickly, cheaply and securely, e-commerce will continue to grow. Increasingly, companies will have to assume that customers will know exactly where to look for the best buy. This market has the potential to become as perfect as it gets.[1]Singh M P， An Evolutionary Look at E-Commerce， IEEE Internet Computing，2001.5，P77～78[2]Rabinovitch E, The state of E-commerce, IEEE Communications magazine,2001.3,P12～12[3]Amit R, Zott C. Value creation in e-business. Strategic Management Journal 2001;22:493–520