英语学位论文写作教程课后答案

Ten Chinese traditional virtuesFirst, love filial pietyThis is the virtue of the Chinese nation in the most characteristic part. "Benevolence" is a symbol of the Chinese nation's moral and spiritual, a variety of basic morality is the highest virtues, but also in secular moral life is the most common virtues standards. Core "benevolence" Germany is love, that "benevolent"; the basic content of the virtue of filial piety is Fucizixiao, Xiongyoudigong, it forms a strong sense of family, of the family relationship, and thus also for China social stability played an extremely important role, is the cornerstone of national unity, when feelings of filial piety extended "Forbearance" basic requirements "Forbearance" Morality is based on Sincerity, benefit the people, that is, "All men are brothers", " Its not just the pro-pro, not only son of his son, "the social climate. Thereby forming a Chinese family strong humane social life and zest for life. Love, filial piety, loyalty and forgiveness are the basic content of Rende, also embodies the traditional Chinese , modest mannersChina is the world-famous ceremonies, "ceremony" is the highlight of the spirit of Chinese culture, manners, courtesy, propriety is important to pay attention to the virtues of the Chinese people conduct themselves in society. "Ceremony" is one of the German mother of the Chinese nation, she is rooted in people's heart respectful, politely refuse the heart, in the pair of long, respectful of ethics and politely refuse the love of brothers and friends. "Benefit him, full of hurts," This is the Chinese people since ancient times to understand the truth, Kentoku also rooted in the heart of Rende politely refuse, which is embodied in the face of honor, humility indisputable benefits, as well as relationships of mutual respect. "And the German" reflected in the attitude of the "gas" in the relationships as "harmony" in the value orientation of "harmony", but as a virtue to "neutral", "Manners" and "modest" , "and" better reflects the sentiment of the Chinese , the integrity of knowledge report"Honesty" That's no jump, its basic meaning is sincere to ourselves, honest in their nature. "Sincerity" as the basis, the Chinese people formed a number of related ethics, such as the man's honest, sincere others, loyalty to the cause. "Trust" is the word, talk about faith, the basic requirement is consistent with her words and deeds, "true to its word, line must be fruit." "Newspaper" that famous, "drip grace, the smallest favor." These are also composed of Chinese people's moral conscience and moral conscience of an important component, it is China's important moral simplicity of , sakeDeep patriotic feelings for the motherland is the most simple emotion and character, she as a kind of "thousands of years to consolidate up to their country a deep affection" is the love family love family emotional sublimation, which also the formation of a defense of national dignity, and safeguard the interests of the motherland and noble character. Sake of defending the country's spirit of the Chinese nation great cohesion, but also to promote national development of great spiritual . austerityBecause the Chinese social structure and culture of the traditional family-based ethics, and foster a spirit of holism, and the virtues of austerity is formed on this basis. Is a spirit of order "ritual" of the spirit of nature, the highlight is the overall significance of the individual order, requiring the individual to obey and serve the whole. Therefore it is necessary dedication and self-denial, play its private is public, that is justice, "self-denial" that go beyond the private self-restraint has, subject to the overall. After the private spiritual nature is Xiangong austerity on personal interests to obey the spirit of the public interest of society. This "public" is to strengthen the spirit of nurturing the community, the nation's sense of responsibility and sense of , Xiuji CautiousnessGoodness of faith and goodness of a tradition, so that Chinese ethics, and the whole Chinese culture, are built on to emphasize human dignity and expectations. This epitomizes characterized in cultivating self-discipline and moral cultivation theory emphasizes independent discipline, self-transcendence in order to safeguard human relations and the overall order and establish moral self, its basic spirit is "His", "Maintenance" is when the self alone to discipline, avoiding fear, "immersive abyss, treading on thin ice," the cultivation of the traditional culture of the Chinese nation Xiuji Cautiousness Pursuits moral consciousness in the initiative, creating a gentleman's personality has many noble qualities and strong festival , see Leith justiceOf righteousness and benefit processing relationship epitomizes the value orientation of Chinese Ethics. After the first justice to the justice system benefit is the traditional concept of justice and benefit basic contents and its rational core, it is also very important to the traditional virtues of the Chinese nation. The fundamental characteristics and values justice of man, is the essence of Chinese moral spirit, she sublimated as "born to upload justice," "righteousness to Lisheng 'outlook on life, the sublimation of the Chinese nation" Shashenchengren, justice, "the lofty moral realm . This morality is inspired by high ideals hesitate to sacrifice for the national cause important spiritual force, but also the glorious nation of high moral character , thrift IndependentChinese people traditionally regard to thrift, integrity and integrity known to the world. They work self-reliance, forming a labor of love, hard-working, honest and hardworking high quality. "Frugal and Germany to support" it is to ask "indifferent Ming, quiet Zhiyuan," for the government to say it is mainly Morality. Lim is both for the government's requirements, but also ordinary people should have character, because there is no "cheap" is not "clean", no "cheap" is not "out." "Inexpensive" are intended to be trade-offs between, take moral, homes Evil, strict self-discipline. With "clean" it may be "positive." "N" is to follow the public welfare and morality. Against both thrifty nation common values, but also the Chinese people there are , Atsuzane generousChinese traditional moral advocate simple, plain spirit. Chinese people in dealing with others, to "real" as the standard against hypocrisy false. In the long-term moral practice, the Chinese nation has formed many with "real" as the value of the standard norms and virtues. As honest, honest, realistic, pragmatic, really like, advocating the formation of hard work, pragmatism and opposition talk of spiritual practice. On the interpersonal, the Chinese nation has always been generous to the United States, self-discipline, and lenient towards others. In interpersonal relationships, the Chinese people, "Care", "heart to heart." In real life, through generous moral personality to impress others, to achieve any purpose of my communication. Moral Evaluation everyday life tolerant, generous, honest and elderly, are generous character embodies the Chinese , dauntless exerciseThis is a nation in moral Pursuits has the virtue and virtue, or moral will is reflected in terms of virtue. "Courage" have the courage of blood with strength, there are emotional courage with will, justifiably, and abide by a firm moral convictions "courage." "Yi" is to persevere in hardship in perseverance, and perseverance in the ethical norms of. Chinese people attach great importance to "exercise" virtues. Chinese culture believes perfect personality, social progress, the focus is not Zhiyu words, but action. "Gentleman satisfied in words, and sensitive to the line," It is this dauntless exercise of virtue, so that the Chinese people in a variety of dangerous environments can be saved the day, self-improvement, constant progress.

1. Whenever I go out these days I always take my raincoat. 2. When they were on holiday, someone broke out into their house and stole some valuable paintings. 3. Having fought for three hours, the firemen finally managed to put out the fire. 4. We all have some faults, since nobody in this world is quite perfect. 5. The train to Shanghai leaves at 21:35. 6. Though it began to rain, the children went on playing outdoors. 7. He was able to finish all his exercises before the class was over in spit or the interruption. 8. Strangely, he avoided mentioning her name. B. 1. One of her greatest joys in life is eating desserts, such as pudding, cake and ice cream. 2. Because he had drunk too much, he had to leave the party early. His stomach was like a volcano that was ready to erupt. 3. While sitting in the office, she realized she had lost her valuable ring. But she happily found it in the women’s room after work. 4. My favorite teacher, our volleyball coach, who is a native of Indian, is moving to another city next year. 5. After sitting for a long time in his office, I was asked by the doctor finally into the examining room. 6. Wedging his way out of the dining hall, he discovered a terrible hall beyond imagination. 7. The spreading of educational and cultural norm may affect the attitudes and sense of a nation. 8. Nearly everyone knows the truth after our leader mentioned it at the conference. C. 1. In 1934, an eight-minute Mickey Mouse movie was produced, so Walt Disney became a star. 2. The worst time to be in the street in Cairo was after the midnight when the night-clubs were closing and everybody went home. 3. When there was a power cut in the hospital, the surgeon had to cancel the operation because it was very dangerous to operate in dim light. 4. George is an amicable person, who gets on well with everyone in the company. 5. When Tom wanted to come back home, the telephone in the office began to ring. 6. The energy radiated by sun goes into every direction, but only a small part of falls on the earth. 7. When I slid my aching bones into the hot tub water, I realized that there was no soap, but I did not want to get out again. 8. Because Bob’s furniture store, where I worked as a shop assistant, just went out of business, I have to look for another job. 9. Since you are sent damaged goods, the store must replace the items and issue a full refund. 10. I’m not going to eat in the school cafeteria any more because of the unbearable service, high price and monotonous food.

论文格式 当我们对一个问题研究之后，如何将其展现于众人面前是一个重要的工作。在这里我们结合具体的事例，给大家介绍科研的一个重要部分枣论文的一般格式及其注意事项。当然，要写出一篇好的论文，绝不是单单这么一个简要的介绍就够了，还需自己多写、多练。 随着科学技术的发展，越来越多的学者涉及到学术论文的写作领域，那么怎样写学术论文、学术论文写作是怎样要求的、格式如何，下面就介绍一下学术论文的写作，希望能对您论文写作有所帮助。 (一)题名（Title,Topic）1、论文格式的论文题目：（下附署名）要求准确、简练、醒目、新颖。 论文题目是一篇论文给出的涉及论文范围与水平的第一个重要信息，也是必须考虑到有助于选定关键词不达意和编制题录、索引等二次文献可以提供检索的特定实用信息。 论文题目十分重要，必须用心斟酌选定。有人描述其重要性，用了下面的一句话：论文题目是文章的一半。 对论文题目的要求是：准确得体；简短精炼；外延和内涵恰如其分；醒目。对这四方面的要求分述如下。1．准确得体要求论文题目能准确表达论文内容，恰当反映所研究的范围和深度。 常见毛病是：过于笼统，题不扣文。关键问题在于题目要紧扣论文内容，或论文内容民论文题目要互相匹配、紧扣，即题要扣文，文也要扣题。这是撰写论文的基本准则。2．简短精炼力求题目的字数要少，用词需要精选。至于多少字算是合乎要求，并无统一的硬性规定，一般希望一篇论文题目不要超出20个字，不过，不能由于一味追求字数少而影响题目对内容的恰当反映，在遇到两者确有矛盾时，宁可多用几个字也要力求表达明确。 若简短题名不足以显示论文内容或反映出属于系列研究的性质，则可利用正、副标题的方法解决，以加副标题来补充说明特定的实验材料，方法及内容等信息使标题成为既充实准确又不流于笼统和一般化。3．外延和内涵要恰如其分外延和内涵属于形式逻辑中的概念。所谓外延，是指一个概念所反映的每一个对象；而所谓内涵，则是指对每一个概念对象特有属性的反映。 命题时，若不考虑逻辑上有关外延和内涵的恰当运用，则有可能出现谬误，至少是不当。4．醒目论文题目虽然居于首先映入读者眼帘的醒目位置，但仍然存在题目是否醒目的问题，因为题目所用字句及其所表现的内容是否醒目，其产生的效果是相距甚远的。 有人对36种公开发行的医学科持期刊1987年发表的论文的部分标题，作过统计分析，从中筛选100条有错误的标题。在100条有错误的标题中，属于省略不当错误的占20%；属于介词使用不当错误的占12%）。在使用介词时产生的错误主要有：①省略主语枣第一人称代词不达意后，没有使用介词结构，使辅助成分误为主语；②需要使用介词时又没有使用；③不需要使用介词结构时使用。属主事的错误的占11%；属于并列关系使用不当错误的占9%；属于用词不当、句子混乱错误的各占9%，其它类型的错误，如标题冗长、文题不符、重复、歧意等亦时有发生。（二）作者姓名和单位（Author and department）这一项属于论文署名问题。署名一是为了表明文责自负，二是记录作用的劳动成果，三是便于读者与作者的联系及文献检索（作者索引）。大致分为二种情形，即：单个作者论文和多作者论文。后者按署名顺序列为第一作者、第二作者厖。重要的是坚持实事求是的态度，对研究工作与论文撰写实际贡献最大的列为第一作者，贡献次之的，列为第二作者，余类推。注明作者所在单位同样是为了便于读者与作者的联系。（三）摘要（Abstract）论文一般应有摘要，有些为了国际交流，还有外文（多用英文）摘要。它是论文内容不加注释和评论的简短陈述。其他用是不阅读论文全文即能获得必要的信息。摘要应包含以下内容：①从事这一研究的目的和重要性；②研究的主要内容，指明完成了哪些工作；③获得的基本结论和研究成果，突出论文的新见解；④结论或结果的意义。论文摘要虽然要反映以上内容，但文字必须十分简炼，内容亦需充分概括，篇幅大小一般限制其字数不超过论文字数的5%。例如，对于6000字的一篇论文，其摘要一般不超出300字。论文摘要不要列举例证，不讲研究过程，不用图表，不给化学结构式，也不要作自我评价。 撰写论文摘要的常见毛病，一是照搬论文正文中的小标题（目录）或论文结论部分的文字；二是内容不浓缩、不概括，文字篇幅过长。（四）关键词（Key words）关键词属于主题词中的一类。主题词除关键词外，还包含有单元词、标题词的叙词。主题词是用来描述文献资料主题和给出检索文献资料的一种新型的情报检索语言词汇，正是由于它的出现和发展，才使得情报检索计算机化（计算机检索）成为可能。 主题词是指以概念的特性关系来区分事物，用自然语言来表达，并且具有组配功能，用以准确显示词与词之间的语义概念关系的动态性的词或词组。关键词是标示文献关建主题内容，但未经规范处理的主题词。关键词是为了文献标引工作，从论文中选取出来，用以表示全文主要内容信息款目的单词或术语。一篇论文可选取3~8个词作为关键词。关键词或主题词的一般选择方法是：由作者在完成论文写作后，纵观全文，先出能表示论文主要内容的信息或词汇，这些住处或词江，可以从论文标题中去找和选，也可以从论文内容中去找和选。例如上例，关键词选用了6个，其中前三个就是从论文标题中选出的，而后三个却是从论文内容中选取出来的。后三个关键词的选取，补充了论文标题所未能表示出的主要内容信息，也提高了所涉及的概念深度。需要选出，与从标题中选出的关键词一道，组成该论文的关键词组。关键词与主题词的运用，主要是为了适应计算机检索的需要，以及适应国际计算机联机检索的需要。一个刊物增加关键词这一项，就为该刊物提高引用率、增加知名度开辟了一个新的途径。（五）引言（Intorduction）引言又称前言，属于整篇论文的引论部分。其写作内容包括：研究的理由、目的、背景、前人的工作和知识空白，理论依据和实验基础，预期的结果及其在相关领域里的地位、作用和意义。引言的文字不可冗长，内容选择不必过于分散、琐碎，措词要精炼，要吸引读者读下去。引言的篇幅大小，并无硬性的统一规定，需视整篇论文篇幅的大小及论文内容的需要来确定，长的可达700~800字或1000字左右，短的可不到100字。（六）正文（Main body）正文是一篇论文的本论，属于论文的主体，它占据论文的最大篇幅。论文所体现的创造性成果或新的研究结果，都将在这一部分得到充分的反映。因此，要求这一部分内容充实，论据充分、可靠，论证有力，主题明确。为了满足这一系列要求，同时也为了做到层次分明、脉络清晰，常常将正文部分人成几个大的段落。这些段落即所谓逻辑段，一个逻辑段可包含几个自然段。每一逻辑段落可冠以适当标题（分标题或小标题）。段落和划分，应视论文性质与内容而定。（七）参考文献[序号]. 编著者. 书名[M]，出版地：出版社，年代，起止页码 [序号]. 作者. 论文名称[J]，期刊名称，年度，卷（期），起止页码电子文献的载体类型及其标识随着我国信息化进程的加快，电子文献的采用量逐渐加大，其标注方式的规范化已经提到议事日程上来了。现根据国家新闻出版署印发的《中国学术期刊（光盘版）检索与评价数据规范》的有关规定，对来稿提出如下要求：一、对于数据库、计算机程序及电子公告等电子文献类型的参考文献，以下列双字母作为标示：电子文献类型数据库计算机程序电子公告电子文献类型标识DBCPEB二、电子文献的载体类型及其标识对于非纸张类型载体的电子文献，当被引用为参考文献时需在参考文献类型中同时标明其载体类型。《规范》采用双字母表示电子文献载体类型：磁带(magnetic tape)MT，磁盘(disk)DK，光盘(CD-ROM) CD，联机网络(online)OL，并以下列格式表示包括了文献载体类型的参考文献类型标识：[文献类型标识/载体类型标识]如：[DB/OL]——联机网上数据库（database online）[ DB/MT]——磁带数据库（database on magnetic tape）[M/CD]——光盘图书（monograph on CD-ROM）[CP/DK]——磁盘软件（computer program on disk）[J/OL]——网上期刊（serial online）[EB/OL]——网上电子公告（electronic pulletin board online）如：[1]王明亮．关于中国学术期刊标准数据库系统工程的进展[DB/OL]．文献网址, 1998-08-16/1998-10-04． 以纸张为载体的传统文献在引作参考文献时不必注明其载体类型。编写要求 页面要求：毕业论文须用A4（210×297）标准、70克以上白纸，一律采用单面打印；毕业论文页边距按以下标准设置：上边距为30mm，下边距为25mm，左边距和右边距为25mm；装订线为10mm，页眉16mm，页脚15mm。 页眉：页眉从摘要页开始到论文最后一页，均需设置。页眉内容：浙江广播电视大学汉语言文学类本科毕业论文，居中，打印字号为5号宋体，页眉之下有一条下划线。 页脚：从论文主体部分（引言或绪论）开始，用阿拉伯数字连续编页，页码编写方法为：第×页共×页，居中，打印字号为小五号宋体。 前置部分从中文题名页起单独编页。 字体与间距：毕业论文字体为小四号宋体，字间距设置为标准字间距，行间距设置为固定值20磅。

The great and good