大学化学英语论文范文

英语毕业论文答辩稿范文（精选8篇）

一段忙碌又充实的大学生活要即将结束，我们毕业前都要通过最后的`毕业论文，毕业论文是一种比较重要的检验学生学习成果的形式，快来参考毕业论文是怎么写的吧！下面是我帮大家整理的英语毕业论文答辩稿范文，希望对大家有所帮助。

Good morning, all appraises committee members. I am XXX and my supervisor is XXX.

With his constant encouragement and guidance, I have finished my paper.

Now it is the show time. I will present my efforts to you and welcome any correction.

The title of my paper is Comparative Study between English and Chinese idioms.

With the developing globalization, communication demand precise language.

Idioms are not a separate part of the language, we cannot omit. Studying the similarities and differences between English and Chinese idioms would be helpful to cross-cultural understanding and it’s also a good advance to our future if we can learn well.

For the above facts, I select the subject of “comparative study between English and Chinese idioms” as the title of my paper.

In the main part of this paper, I divide it four parts.

Part one presents general introduction to the basic concept and the studying purpose.

Part two presents overview of the Chinese and English idioms; it concludes similar origins and similar functions. Part three emphasize differences between English and Chinese idioms.

Through contrast analysis of well-known Chinese and English language, found the differences cultural discrepancy and the translation of animal words. Part four draws some conclusions that characteristics of English and Chinese idioms. And it is helpful to cross-culture .It’s necessary for a better understanding of international promotional communication. OK, that’s all. Thank you.

Good morning,Distinguished professors and teachers, ladies and gentlemen, thank you for attending the oral defense.

I am XX. First and foremost, I would like to express my sincere gratitude to my supervisor, professorXX, for his intellectual guidance, invaluable instructions and comments on my thesis. It is with his valuable assistance that I have finally accomplished this topic is On the tragedy figures at historical turning points（Comparison of KongYiji and Rip Van ）The whole thesis consists of 6 parts. The first part will give a brief introduction of the negative, evasive and conservative attitudes of Kong and Rip as well as the topic s significance in the real society. And the second part is going to analyze the figures background to show the historical necessity of the tragedies. In the third part, the tragic heroes failing in the character according to their living environment will be further discussed and the fourth part is to talk about their different tendency of dispositions and behaviors in the society. Then the author will dig into the root causes of the tragedies in the fifth part, and sum up the whole paper to reveal the ideological weak points of the two countries separately in the last part.

Good afternoon, all appraiser committee members. I’m Zhang Da and my supervisor is Professor Zhang Jingcai. With her constant encouragement and guidance, I have finished my paper. Now, it is the show time. I will present my efforts to you and welcome any correction.

The title of my paper is On the Significance of Drama Method in the Improvement of English Learning in Chinese Rural Junior High School. I choose this as my topic due to the following reasons. First of all, I really want to be a teacher, so during the four years, I have read many books about how to become a good teacher. Secondly, when I was a freshman in the summer of 2008, I was chosen as a teaching assistant of the summer camp which was organized by the New Oriental English School in Shijiazhuang. In the summer camp, I rewrote a script of an English drama to be one of the programs of the open ceremony. It was very popular among those students. They thought it was very interesting. In 2010, I was practiced as an English teacher at Chenguantun Middle School in Qinhuangdao, I found that the students have little interest towards English learning, so I hoped I could help them. So I use the Drama Method as my teaching method. Almost all of the students were highly motivated by the interesting teaching method and they have made great progress in the exam one month later. So the research proved that the Drama Method can be used as an effective teaching method. For the above facts, I select the subject of On the Significance of Drama Method in the Improvement of English Learning in Chinese Rural Junior High School as the title of my paper. I hope by studying this topic we can find an effective teaching method to help all the students’ English learning in junior high school.

Next, it is an outline of my paper. In the main part of this paper, I divide it into five parts.

Part one presents an introduction to identify the major problem of junior high school students’ English learning problems

Part two overviews all relevant researches in drama application in teaching oral English.

Part three is the research design, the research hypothesis, the subjects of the research, the research methods and the research procedures are conducted.

Part four is the findings from research data. After analyzing the data with Excel 2007, pedagogical findings and implications are delivered before the conclusion of the thesis.

Part five draws some conclusions about the research. As what has been shown in the research, there are a lot of benefits from drama performance; the Drama Method can be used as an effective teaching method. In addition, there are some suggestions for forthcoming researches.

OK! That is all. Thank you! Please ask questions.

Good evening, all the appraiser committee members. I come from HUST, majoring in foreign linguistics and applied linguistics. With her sincere and intellectual guidance, for nearly one whole year's hard work, I have finished my paper. Finally, it is the show time. This evening I will present my efforts to you all and I gratefully welcome any correction.

The title of my paper is A Study of the Causes of the Gothic Style

in from a Feminist Perspective. I choose this as my topic due to the following reasons. Firstly, I am fond of literature works , especially gothic literature works. Secondly, I am quite familiar with this short story as this is one of the texts in our intensive teaching course and I have taught this text for more than 3 times . Last but not the least ,as a female , I am keen on the study of feminism. For the above facts, I select the subject of as the title of my paper.

I hope by studying this short story we can know more about American southern women in certain history and culture and more importantly help women in modern society get a deeper understanding about ourselves ,help us raise our independence and confidence and show more concern for our mental health.

Next , I will present it to you. Here is an outline of my presentation. They are literature review, gothic tradition , the gothic style in the story and the causes of the gothic style .

This paper consists of six parts. Part one presents an introduction to the author William Faulkner and by pointing out the purpose and significance of this study. Part two is literature review which introduces the relevant research about this novel at home and abroad and then points out the theoretical basis and methods. Part three gives a timeline of the gothic tradition in literature and explains the main characteristics of gothic works. Part four explains the three aspects of the gothic style in the novel，that is, the death theme, grotesque characters and mystic atmosphere. Part five then explains in detail the causes of the gothic style in this novel: patriarchal oppression, the myth of southern ladyhood and Emily’s attitude towards love. Finally, in the conclusion, the author summarizes the previous parts and emphasizes the significance of the argument of the thesis again.

Ok, that's all. Now you may raise your questions ! I am ready! Thank you !!!

I will present my efforts to you and welcome any title of my paper is on transformation of parts of speech in translation. i choose this as my topic due to the following reasons. different languages have different standards to distinguish parts of speech. each language has its own special structure. and there are no equivalent parts of speech between different languages. in order to make the target version more idiomatic and standard, the transformation of parts of speech is always used by translators. so the transformation of parts of speech is playing a more important role in english to chinese based on different characteristics of english and chinese. for the above facts, i select the subject of“on transformation of parts of speech”as the title of my hope by studying this topic we can know the importance of the transformation of parts of speech in english to chinese translation. through transformation, we can get the better version and improve the translation way of thinking and expressing is quite different between chinese and english. english is a kind of static languages which tends to use more nouns. while chinese is a dynamic one in which verbs are often when we make translation in english to chinese, we should know this point and shift the parts of , it is an outline of my paper. in the main part of this paper, i divide it into five one presents an introduction to the basic concepts of parts of speech and two discusses the definition of translation and emphasizes the importance of transformation of parts of speech in the course of three gives four basic ways of transformation of parts of speech through illustrative examples. there are transformed english words into chinese verbs, nouns, adjectives and four presents some problems about transformation and gives some advise to solve the five draws some conclusions that transformation between parts of speech is necessary for us to achieve good translation. it is demonstrated that we can have a good master of transformation and improve the translation. in addition, we must continuously study and explore in all kinds of translation ! that is all. thank you!

Good morning,Distinguished professors and teachers, ladies and gentlemen, thank you for attending the oral defense. （或Welcome to attend the oral defense.） :I am XX. First and foremost, I would like to express my sincere gratitude to my supervisor, professorXX, for his intellectual guidance, invaluable instructions and comments on my thesis. It is with his valuable assistance that I have finally accomplished this topic is On the tragedy figures at historical turning points（Comparison of KongYiji and Rip Van ）The whole thesis consists of 6 parts. The first part will give a brief introduction of the negative, evasive and conservative attitudes of Kong and Rip as well as the topic s significance in the real society. And the second part is going to analyze the figures background to show the historical necessity of the tragedies. In the third part, the tragic heroes failing in the character according to their living environment will be further discussed and the fourth part is to talk about their different tendency of dispositions and behaviors in the society. Then the author will dig into the root causes of the tragedies in the fifth part, and sum up the whole paper to reveal the ideological weak points of the two countries separately in the last part.

stant encouragement and guidance, I have finished my paper. Now, it's show time. You and I will work hard to welcome any topic of my thesis is 《Angela carter to mythology research - the female archetype in “new eve passion”, for example》。 I choose this as my topic due to the following Carter （1940-1992） is an outstanding feminist writer whose influence on Britishwomen's writing was “pivotal in this opening and transformation” [“23]. The year 2014 represents the 22”^ anniversary of Angela Carter's death. In those twenty-two years, her works have been widely taught internationally and brought about much critical debate. In a survey conducted by Cristina Bacchilega and Danielle M. Roemer [2],Carter is one of the most commonly taught women writers on North American programs. She has endowed us with an amazingly large number of legacies in her comparatively limited life, setting foot in various fields such as novels,short stories,children stories, dramas, non-fictions and so on. The acute observations with great insights,as well as the devastating wit and poignant mockery in Carter's works have made her stand out as an iconic figure in English literature. Many scholars and critics have devoted themselves to the research on Angela Carter from many perspectives,including gothic, magic realism, feminism,post-modernism and so on. As a prolific writer who is always ready to blur the boundaries between different genres, Carter has left us a wonderful world to delve the emergence of western women's movement as well as the development of feminist criticism in the 1960s,the feminist approach has become a potent weapon for those who are concerned with the emancipation and legal rights of women. Though women's social status has considerably improved due to the contribution made by countless predecessors,the fundamental problem still lingers on. Carter, with her versatile and avant-garde reputation, is best known as a feminist writer. Concerning the dilemmas and predicaments faced by women nowadays,it is very necessary for us to probe into her insightful and penetrating reflections on femininity as well as the relationship between two genders. The Passion of New Eve, as one of Carter's most representative works, is of great value in the research of her feminist thoughts and , is my paper outline. In the main part of this article, I put it into five one is an introduction to the thesis, covering the research background, theobjective and significance as well as the organization of the two presents a broad picture of Angela Carter's life and her works, as well as the background information about The Passion of New Eve. It also reviews previous studies on Angela Carter and her works at home and abroad, summarizing achievements in the past and pointing out new directions in the three conducts a retrospective study on feminism and archetypal criticism. The author attempts to work out the origin and development of feminism, demonstrating the important role feminism plays in Carter's life. Then is the history of archetypal criticism,as well as those classic female archetypes in mythology. Regarding those fossilized and monotonous images as impediments to women's freedom and liberation,Carter endeavors to shatter them in her demythologizing strategy and appeals for a rational attitude toward heterosexual four is the main body of the thesis. Through an in-depth analysis on The Passion of New Eve,it demonstrates Carter's demythologizing of “The Temptress,,,”Mother Goddess“and ”Eve“ respectively in the text. Leilah,the embodiment of Delilah,the famous temptress in the Bible,cannot escape the fate of being objectified by men and herself. By exposing”temptresses“ as mere victims rather than symbols of viciousness. Carter condemns the oppression and exploitation of women in a patriarchal society. ”Mother“ in Beulah serves as a severe satire on those mother goddesses in mythology. Carter smashes the legend by revealing the surgically-made essence of mother and the patriarchal values lurking behind her alleged matriarchal kingdom, warning against the peril and impracticality of extremist her most convincing example goes to Eve, the most important female character in the Bible, Her transformative journey from a chauvinist to a real woman in the story illustrates that gender, rather than a hereditary feature, is the result of social influence and unremitting imitations. Carter concludes the story with proposing ”androgyny“ as a solution to the current problems,implying that mutual respect and understanding is the only way to achieve the harmony between the two five comes to a general conclusion, summarizing the limitations of the theses as well as some suggestions for further ! That is all. Thank you!

Good morning, distinguished professors and teachers, thank you for attending the oral defense. I’m *** and come from class *. My supervisor is professor Li. I would like to express my deepest gratitude to Prof. his consistent guidance and valuable suggestions, I have finished my paper. Now I will present my efforts to you and gratefully welcome any suggestion.

Firstly, I am very interested in the study of ambiguity. Ambiguity is a common phenomenon in all natural languages. As is known to all, in our daily conversations, ambiguity is often employed to achieve the effect of humor, thus creating a relaxing atmosphere and letting people feel at ease. Some jokes caused by ambiguity is very interesting.

Secondly, I have read several articles about ambiguity written by linguistics and scholars. I found my knowledge of ambiguity is very limited, superficial and nonsystematic. What I knew is just the tip of the iceberg. So I plan to learn more about ambiguity by this research.

Thirdly, I found many scholars have carried out numerous studies of ambiguity, but a majority of these studies are focused on single language separately. Articles about comparison between English ambiguity and Chinese ambiguity are not sufficient. So it is necessary to make further study.

For the above facts, I select this title.

Next, I will present the outline of my thesis. It consists of 7 parts.

The first part gives a brief introduction to the ambiguity and structure of the thesis.

The second part is literature review, briefly introducing the development of study of ambiguity and some scholars’s main views.

The third to fifth parts focus on three types of ambiguity in English and Chinese: phonological ambiguity, lexical ambiguity, syntactic ambiguity. In every broad type, I respectively list some detailed branches and cite some vivid English and Chinese examples to explain these ambiguity phenomena. But I put more focus on the third part and point out two differences of ambiguity between English ambiguity and Chinese ambiguity.

The part six will point out positive results by using ambiguity deliberately in daily conversations, advertisements and literary works.

The last part is the conclusion.

I hope by this contrastive research, we will have a better understanding of ambiguity in English and Chinese and apply it to our life and study.

When reading the final draft, I still find my argument is not so comprehensive and improvements are needed. So welcome your precious suggestion.

That’s all. Thank you.

基本上没有完整的文章.但是我帮你找到了椰子的相关资料,你作文条件里要求的东西也都有介绍,你可以用自己的话组织一下,写成文章.材料已经具备,其实不难写,好好构思组织一下.材料如下:椰子为热带喜光作物，在高温、多雨、阳光充足和海风吹拂的条件下生长发育良好。要求年平均温度在椰子开花24-25℃以上，温差小，全年无霜，椰子才能正常开花结果，最适生长温度为26-27℃。一年中若有一个月的平均温度为18℃，其产量则明显下降，若平均温度低于15℃，就会引起落花、落果和叶片变黄。水分条件应为年降雨量1500-2000mm以上，而且分布均匀，但在地下水源较丰富或能进行灌溉的地区，年降雨量为600-800mm也能良好生长；干旱对椰子产量的影响长达2-3年，长期积水也会影响椰于的长势和产量。椰子适宜在低海拔地区生长，我国海南岛在海拔150-200m以下的地方才能生长发育良好。适宜的土壤是海淀冲积上和河岸冲积土，其次是砂壤土，再次是砾土，粘土最差。地下水位要求，排水不良的粘土和沼泽土不适宜种植。就土壤肥力来说，要求富含钾肥。土壤PH值可为，但以最为适宜。椰子具有较强的抗风能力，6-7级强风仅对其生长和产量有轻微的影响。8-9级台风能吹断少数叶片，并撕破小叶。10-12级以上强台风对椰子有严重的危害。条件适宜，椰子植后了年开始给实，15-18年为盛产期，单株结果40-80个，多者超过100个，经济寿命超过80年。椰树每年产生的叶片数，随树龄不同而异，盛产期前，有随树龄增加而增加的趋势，盛产期后略有降低，但仍可保持恒定。大致幼苗期年抽叶约3片，未结果幼树10-13片，幼龄结果树14-15片，成龄树12-13片。随着植株衰老，年产生叶片数相应减少。一年内，由于季节的变化，每月的抽叶数也有一定的变化。幼龄结果树每年抽出的花苞数较成年树少，前者平均为个后者为12个。一年中，抽苞数以5-6月为最多，11-12月最少。花苞抽出后经个月露出花序，称为开花，开花最多的7-9月，并且所开放的花苞中雌蕊最多，11月至次年3月最少。椰子自受精至果实发育成熟需12个月时间。[编辑本段]栽培技术繁殖：采用种子繁殖。完全成熟的椰子，只要有适当的温湿条件，两个多月的时间就开始发芽。海南普遍采用预备苗圃催芽法。选择半荫蔽、通风、排水良好的环境，清除杂草树根，耕深15-20厘米，开沟，宽度比果稍宽，将种果一个接一个的斜靠沟底45°角，埋土至果实的二分之一至三分之二。当芽长10-15厘米时，移芽到有适度荫蔽的苗圃中椰子，注意浇水、排水、除草和施肥。一般一年左右，苗高约1米便可出圃定植。管理：护苗、补苗栽后要加强管理，植后初期要适当遮荫，并要灌水保湿，缺株要及时补植。耕作、培土和间种1年耕作两次，即在11-12月结合施肥耕作1次，在8-9月再中耕1次。随着植株长大，树干茎部长出大量的气根，进行培土，加固树体。椰园可间作短期作物，如花生、豆类等。起到活覆盖和提高园内湿度的作用，利于幼树生长。椰子树需施全肥，以钾肥最多，其次为氮、磷和氯肥，但必须注意平衡施肥。椰树缺钾时，茎干细、叶短小，树冠中部叶片首先萎焉，上部叶片向下簇伸，低部叶片干枯，下垂悬挂于树干；缺氮时，幼叶失绿，少光泽，老叶出现不同程度的老化，产量降低；缺磷时会引起根系发展不良和过腐；缺氯会影响椰果大小以及氮的吸收和植株对水分的利用。因此，施肥时要以有机肥为主，化肥为辅并施一些食盐。每年可在4-5月及11-12月施肥，在距离树基部米处开施肥沟，效果较好。若用撒施法，应全面除草松土后再施肥。[编辑本段]椰子品种椰子栽培历史悠久，在长期自然选择和人工选择中，形成许多类型和变种。近年来以栽培品种角度分析、鉴别认为有野生种和栽培种，栽培品种中又可分为高种、矮种和杂交种。高种椰子品种介绍：该品种是目前世界上最大量种植的商品性椰子，植株高大粗状，树干围径90-120厘米，树高可达20多米，茎干基部膨大称"葫芦头"。树冠圆形、半圆形、Y形，由30-40片叶组成；叶长5-6米。结果迟，植后7-8年开花结果，经济寿命达60-80年，自然寿命长达100多年。雌雄同序，花期不同，先开雄花，后开雌花，异花授粉。所有植株均为杂合体。椰果较大，椰干品质率高。椰干产量吨/公顷。 1、高种椰子根据叶片和果实颜色差异可分为：红椰、绿椰两种。高种椰子以果实形状和体积又可分为：大圆果、中圆果、小圆果三个类型。（1）大圆果：果实围径70-90厘米，果重公斤，椰子重公斤，椰水重公斤，椰壳重公斤，果实圆形、椭圆形、椭圆形。单株产量低。在高种中为数不多。（2）中圆果：果实围径60-70厘米，果重公斤,椰肉重公斤,椰子重公斤，椰壳重公斤，果圆形、椭圆形。产量中等，在高种椰子中为数最多。（3）小圆果：果实围径50-60厘米，果重公斤，椰肉重公斤,椰水重公斤,。果实圆形、椭圆形。产量高，为数少。 2、高种椰子特殊类型：（1）雄性树（雌雄不育）又称超优势公树：其特征是椰叶不完全羽裂。4-5片小叶粘合在一起，小叶较宽7厘米左右（正常4-5厘米），叶片长度较短400厘米（正常450-500厘米），花序较短70-90厘米（正常110-120厘米），雄花数量多，雌花少或没有，发育不正常，植株不结果。（2）雌性树（雄性不育）：花序较短40-80厘米，花轴较短17-25厘米（正常40厘米），花枝数量少15-17条（正常36-40条），花枝较短12-15厘米（正常36-40厘米），花枝上仅着生雌花，雄花极少或没有，植株结果，产量低，植株之间差异大。（3）雌花行特多椰树：特征是花序上雌花特别多，每个花序雌花达104-214个，每个花枝雌7-12个，比正常高种椰子树多3-4倍。花枝和花序较短，雄花数量少，产量低。（4）多层花苞椰树：佛焰花苞双层（正常单层），有的双层花苞一样长，有的一层长一层短，叶片和花序及花枝较短，单株差异较大。（5）多层花苞椰树：佛焰花苞多层，花序较短，80厘米，花枝多层分枝（正常不分枝）。花序枯干之后不随叶片枯干脱落，树干上挂满残留花序，有的花序全是雄花，有的雌雄同序，产量低，罕见。（6）早熟椰子：苗龄仅3-4个月就开花，苗高约40厘米，叶片约10片，全是船形叶（未羽裂）。从中心抽出花序，雌雄同序,雌、雄体积比正常小，开花后不久植株亡，不能繁殖后代。（7）多胚椰苗：正常椰果只有一个胚发育成一株苗，但有的椰果二个胚以上发育成苗。双胚苗常见，4-6株苗少见，最多达20多株苗，罕见。高种椰子最高可达25米，矮种椰子最高只有15米左右。高种椰子的经济寿命比矮种椰子长得多：高种椰子经济寿命约80年，而矮种椰子只有20-40年左右。但矮种椰子结果早，产量高：矮种椰子只需3-4年方可开花结果，年产量约每棵80个左右，而高种椰子要6-8年才开花结果，年产量约每棵40-60个。杂交种椰子则吸收了高种、矮种椰子的优点，具有高度低、寿命长、产量高的特点。杂交椰子的年产量约每棵180-200个。此外，杂交椰子还具有很强的抗风、抗虫害的特点。[编辑本段]地理分布椰子为古老的栽培作物，原产地说法不一，有说产在南美洲，有说在亚洲热带岛屿，但大多数认为起源于马来群岛。现广泛分布于亚洲、非洲、大洋洲及美洲的热带滨海及内陆地区。主要分布在南北纬20°之间，尤以赤道滨海地区分布最多。其次在南北纬20°°范围内也有大面积分布。我国种植椰子已有2000多年的历史。现主要集中分布于海南各地，台湾南部、广东雷州半岛，云南西双版纳、德宏、保山、河口等地也有少量分布。[编辑本段]营养价值椰汁及椰肉含水量蛋白质、果糖、葡萄糖、蔗糖、脂肪、维生素B1、维生素E、维生素C、钾、钙、镁等。椰肉色白如玉，芳香滑脆；椰汁清凉甘甜。椰肉、椰汁是老少皆宜的美味佳果。[编辑本段]食疗作用椰子性味甘、平，入胃、脾、大肠经；果肉具有补虚强壮，益气祛风，消疳杀虫的功效，久食能令人面部润泽，益人气力及耐受饥饿，治小儿涤虫、姜片虫病；椰水具有滋补、清暑解渴的功效，主治暑热类渴，津液不足之口渴；椰子壳油治癣，疗杨梅疮。[编辑本段]饲用价值椰子作为饲料主要是椰肉榨油后剩下的椰子油饼。一般每个椰子能生产椰干，可榨油，同时可以获得椰子油饼。利用椰子油饼饲喂家畜，需逐渐添加于其日粮中，家畜习惯后十分喜食。奶牛的饲用量为每天，饲喂椰子油饼，可以提高奶牛的乳脂含量。在猪日粮中，以添加25％最好，此外，椰子树叶和椰干也为家畜喜食，但一般不做饲料利用。新鲜椰子水可以作为家畜人工授精稀释精液的一种成分。[编辑本段]药用价值以果肉汁和果壳入药。果实成熟时采集，随时取肉汁及果壳供用。椰子性味甘，平。功能与主治：果肉汁补虚，生津，利尿，杀虫，用于心脏病水肿，口干烦渴，姜片虫；果壳祛风，利湿，止痒，外用治体癣，脚癣。用法与用量：椰汁或椰肉适量；外用椰壳放炉上烧，用碗覆盖收集其蒸气，冷凝得馏油，加30％酒精混合后涂患处。备注：生长9个月的椰子，曾取汁试用于临床，紧急时作为静脉输液的代用品。中药化学成分：椰子含油35%-45%。油中含游离脂肪酸20%、羊油酸(caproic acid)2%、棕榈酸(palmitic acid)、羊脂酸(caprylic acid)9%、羊蜡酸(capric acid)、油酸(oleic acid)2%、月桂酸(lauric acid)；还含豆甾三烯醇(stignastatrienol)、豆甾醇(stig-masterol)、岩藻甾醇(fucosterol)、α-菠菜甾醇(α-spinasterol)及甾醇(sterol)。碳水化合物约15%，主要有水苏糖(stachyose)、蔗糖(sucrose)、葡萄糖(glucose)。蛋白质不到5%，其中包括清蛋白(albumin)、球蛋白(globulin)、醇溶蛋白(proamine)等。含维生素B1 173μg%、B5 103μg%、B2微量、α-生育酚(α-toco-pherol)700μg%、γ-生育酚γ-tocopherol)250μg%。维生素C的含量以未成熟果中较高。果核含甘露聚糖(mannan)。[编辑本段]椰子的应用树木本身是优良的园林树木，可作为行道树、风景树木以及反映热带亚热带风光的庭院树木等。椰子纤维：拥有多种用途，如可作衬垫填料、扫帚、毛刷及海上缆绳等。特别在园艺、绝缘、腐蚀控制和农业方面。由于它吸水能力超强，在防腐方面比塑料和铁丝更为有效，而且还能为蔬菜和树木提供生长环境，已经被美国、德国、日本和欧洲用于覆盖堤岸。椰木：质地坚硬，花纹美观可做家具和建筑材料。椰叶：可用于编织，制作日常生活用品，也是日常燃料。椰花苞：可割取椰花汁酿制椰花酒，或提炼椰汁糖等。椰壳：质地坚硬，冷热不变形，可制优质活性炭，或加工成椰雕、乐器等工艺品。椰肉：可制成椰干、椰奶粉、椰蛋白、椰子汁、椰蓉及无色椰子油等。椰子水：含有维生素B和C、激素、糖等成分，是天然的清凉饮料，也可用于加工其它食品。椰油：主要是工业用油，为制皂的优质原料，发泡力强可制高级香皂、牙膏。椰子的养生功效椰子的用途广泛，素有“生命树”、“宝树”之称，其味甘性寒，含蛋白质、糖类、维生素C、钙、钾等。椰子的汁液多，营养丰富，可解渴祛暑、生津利尿、主治热病，其果肉有益气、祛风、驱毒、润颜的功效。成熟的椰果肉富含蛋白质、脂肪，常被制成罐头、椰干等。椰子汁虽含钾量高，但含镁量也高，可增加机体对钾的耐受性。用来治疗胃肠炎脱水均有效。椰子的营养价值椰子是棕榈科植物椰子树的果实，它的树为重要的热带木本油料作物。椰子，原产于亚洲东南部、中美洲，目前全球有80多个热带国家有种植，菲律宾、印度、马来西亚及斯里兰卡更是椰子的主要产区。我国南方的很多省份也有栽培，其中以海南省的椰子最为著名，椰子已成为海南的象征，海南岛更被誉为“椰岛”。椰子长在其树叶的根部，一棵椰子树一般可以结十几串椰子，每串可挂果一、二十个。椰子果为核果，一般为椭圆形或卵状，有的呈三棱。未成熟的椰子为青绿色，成熟后呈暗褐棕色，一个成熟的中等大小的椰子果有1500———2000克。椰子外皮厚滑且软，可保护果实落地时不致于破碎，又可以防止水分的侵入。在吃椰子时，要先剥掉外皮，落出硬壳，硬壳上有几个白点，将其捅开，用吸管吸椰汁，之后再用刀刮取内侧的白色果肉，冷冻后吃味道更佳。而且食用椰子的学问也很多，如椰汁离开椰壳味道则变；上午倒出的椰汁较甜，下午较淡。新鲜的椰汁“清如水甜如蜜”，饮后清凉、甘甜、可口，风味独特，营养价值高，是解暑的最佳饮品。椰肉芳香滑脆，它除可作为水果食用以外，还可以做成菜肴或蜜饯：海南人常用海南优质糯米、天然椰肉及椰汁制成“椰子饭”，也称做“椰子船”。另外用椰子做成的菜肴还有：椰子炖鸡，琼州椰子盅等。椰子的营养价值很高。我国的中医认为，椰肉味甘，性平，具有补益脾胃、杀虫消疳的功效；椰汁味甘，性温，有生津、利水等功能。现代医学研究表明，椰肉中含有蛋白质、碳水化合物；椰油中含有糖份、维生素 B1、维生素 B2、维生素 C等；椰汁含有的营养成分更多，如果糖、葡萄糖、蔗糖、蛋白质、脂肪、维生素 B、维生素 C以及钙、磷、铁等微量元素及矿物质。由此可以看出椰子是药食两用的佳品。当脾胃倦怠、食欲不振、四肢乏力、身体虚弱时，将椰肉切碎，并加入适量的鸡肉和糯米，蒸熟后饮食，效力更佳，因为鸡肉、糯米及椰肉三者皆滋补，用炖汤的方式处理，补益功效更加显著；椰子中加入冬瓜子可泻肺火；加性凉的雪肉或清补的黄耳可中和椰子的温燥；患寒咳时，也不妨吃些椰肉，能起到止咳、化痰的作用。体内热盛的人不宜吃椰子；如果您长期夜睡，爱吃煎炸食物，容易发脾气，口干舌燥的话，也要切记请勿多吃椰子。椰子除了其果实有很大的作用外，其它部分的功用也不小：椰壳可以烧制活性炭或加工椰雕、乐器；椰干可加工成椰油；椰木质地坚硬，花纹美观，可做家具或建筑材料。椰子综合利用产品达360多种，在国外有“宝树”、“生命木”之称.[编辑本段]文献记载《海药本草》：“主消渴、吐血、水肿，去风热。”《本草求原》：“治夹阴风寒邪热。”《本草纲目》：“椰子瓤，甘，平，无毒，益气，治风，食之不饥，令人面泽。椰子浆，甘，温，无毒，止消渴，涂头，益发令黑，治吐血水肿，去风热。”《全国中草药汇编》：‘“补虚，生津，利尿，杀虫。主治心脏性水肿，口干烦渴，姜片。”宋·秦观。《醉乡春》：“社瓮酿微笑，阗缺椰瓢共舀。”宋·黄庭坚。《椰子》：“浆成乳酒醺人醉，肉载鹅肪上客盘。”民间传说：相传林邑王与越王有怨，使刺客乘其醉，取其首，悬于树，化为椰子，其核犹有两眼，故俗谓之越王头，而其浆犹如酒也。[编辑本段]后记椰子是热带地方之宝，脂肪和蛋白质含量特多。随手摘来树上熟的椰子，已能提供一份好的营养餐。人们对椰子最大的误会，莫过于以为它清润。其实椰肉性温，能补阳火，且能强身健体，最适合身体虚弱、四肢乏力、容易倦怠的人享用，尤其是椰子糯米炖鸡，效力特佳，因为椰肉、糯米和鸡肉皆滋补，以炖汤方式处理，补益功效更加显著。不过，依然是老话一句，体内热盛的人不宜常吃椰子。如果你长期夜睡，爱吃香口煎炸食物，容易发脾气、口干舌燥的话，就要切记勿多吃椰子。另外，一向被誉为清热清润的海底椰，其实一样性温带补。要是你真爱椰香，可选清凉消暑的椰青水，或者弄椰子甜品时，加入其它配料来平衡，例如用沙参、百合、石斛，可清热养阴；加冬瓜子可泻肺火；加性凉的雪耳或清补的黄耳又可中和椰子的温燥。前人相信椰子能驱虫，特别是姜片虫。不过，今时今日，这种天然杀虫剂相信没有多大市场，反而是患寒咳时，不妨吃些椰肉，能止咳化痰补火。如果你不晓得分辨何谓寒咳，忽略了本身体虚、喉痒、无痰等征状，碰巧又喝了白菜汤而寒上加寒、咳个不停的话，椰肉或椰子炖鸡可以有效地舒缓这些症状。椰子综合利用产品达360多种，在国外有“宝树”、“生命木”之称。椰子如何剥壳？如果你买的是青椰子，一般是只喝椰子汁不吃椰肉，因为椰肉太嫩，吃起来口感不好。椰子那层厚厚的壳，要用大刀（劈柴刀或大菜刀），顺着纤维一刀一刀砍下来，见着椰子上面有三个小孔，有两个长象一样的，有一个不一样的，把不一样的小孔表面用刀刮一下，然后拿吸管一插就行了，那水你就尽情喝吧。如果你不想浪费椰肉，把椰子放在砧板上，拿刀背在椰子的硬壳上敲几下，裂开了，就用小刀起肉，不过一般椰子汁好喝的椰子肉就不好吃，椰子肉好吃的椰子汁就不好喝。把外层的椰棕剥开,看见上面有品字形的地方,然后用筷子或小刀在其中两个位置戳穿,将里面的水倒清,这是极品,不要浪废;再用锤子敲开,或干脆将椰子敲在地上,直至裂开为止,用小刀小心的将椰子肉剥下来,就可以吃到美味的椰子肉了

在全球化时代,随着国际交流日益增多,中国对高质量英语人才的要求也达到了前所未有的高度。英语教学在中国高等教育体系中占据着举足轻重的地位,也肩负着社会培养高质量人才的重任。下文是我为大家搜集整理的关于毕业英语论文范文大全的内容，欢迎大家阅读参考!毕业英语论文范文大全篇1 浅谈老水手的心理历程——《苦舟子咏》读后感 [摘要]：《苦舟子咏》是英国19世纪湖畔派诗人柯勒律治的一首长诗。全诗是一个充满了奇幻之美的的航海故事。全诗探索人生的罪与罚问题，诗人把热爱宇宙的万物泛神论思想和____思想结合起来，宣传仁爱和基督____罪思想。诗中的水手的心理活动刻画得细致入微，水手杀掉信天翁表示他拒绝社会给他的礼物，他除掉了深爱自己并代表超自然的事物，也就除掉了对这个世界的感情，最后水手内心发生转变，以新的态度对待自然，为此他才得以解脱出来。 [关键词]：老水手;道德;内疚;痛苦;赎罪 Abstract: “The Rime of the Ancient Mariner” is one of Samuel Taylor Coleridge’s masterpieces. It is a long poem, telling a story in the form of ballads .The poem can be approached as a dream voyage to another realm, as a story of sin and expatiation, or as the quiet essential representation of the alienated isolated modern individual. 一、作者简介塞缪尔·泰勒·柯尔律治(Samuel Taylor Coleridge)1772年10月21日生于英格兰西南部德文郡一个乡镇牧师的家庭。9岁丧父，被送往伦敦基督慈幼学校上学，熟读希腊、罗马文学。19岁入剑桥大学，与骚塞相识。当时两人都同情法国革命，但又都害怕革命暴力，于是设想去美洲建立乌托邦社会。计划失败后柯尔律治移居英格兰部西部湖区，致力于写诗，并与华兹华斯结成密友。他憎恶资本主义城市文明和冷酷的金钱关系，于是远离城市，隐居于昆布兰湖区，寄情山水或缅怀中世纪的宗法社会。他们创作出歌颂大自然的或美化宗法制农村生活方式的诗篇，以抵制丑恶的资本主义现实。因此被称为“湖畔派诗人”。1798年，两人合作出版著名的《抒情歌谣集》。同年他与华兹华斯兄妹到德国留学，被康德的哲学和耶拿派的诗歌理论和创作所吸引。回国后继续居住于湖区，与华兹华斯保持往来。柯尔律治年青时代即患有风湿痛等多种疾病。为求镇痛他长期服食鸦片竟至上瘾，故健康大受损害。晚年他贫病交加，1834年7月25日逝世于海格特。柯尔律治的作品以真的细节描绘超自然的神秘事物，令人甘愿暂时不去考虑普通情理而信以为真，并在领略到一种怪异的美的同时获得教益或良知的觉醒。柯尔律治的创作实践和理论建设，不仅影响过他的同时代人，也影响了包括和他政治态度相左的拜伦、雪莱和济慈，而且，对于时至今日的诗歌艺术探索者，仍具有重要的借鉴价值。他在英国文学史上有重要地位，是浪漫主义思潮的重要代表。二、《苦舟子咏》简介《苦舟子咏》是柯尔律治唯一一部完整的长诗。这部长625行的叙事谣曲是一个神秘恐怖的浪漫故事：一名老水手对一个赴结婚宴的客人讲述了他自己的可怕的故事。客人想走开，赶快去赴宴，却为老水手眼中的特殊表情所吸引住，不得不站在那里把这个故事听完了。老水手和同伴们坐了一艘船出海去。一路上很平安。然后遇到了一阵暴风，暴风过后，这位水手却无端地射杀一只了航海者认为好运象征的信天翁。因此，厄运又降临了。船驶进静海中，那里没有风也没有浪;太阳如火如荼地照耀着。海水绿绿地满载着腐物。船停在那里不动，老水手被视为这次厄运的造因者。水手们都渴得要死去，仿佛有一只船要驶进救他们却又消失不见了。那是一只幻船，水手们一个个都死在甲板上，每个死者的眼光都注定在这位杀死信天翁的水手身上。全船的人，只有他没有死。后来，他对于自所做的恶罪觉得悔恨。于是天使们可怜他的悲苦，使死尸们站了起来，仍去做水手们的职务。他们开上了帆。虽然没有风，船却渐渐地移动。于是，这船一直驶到了老水手的故乡。一个领航者离了海岸，出来迎接。但在他到这船之前，它却突然地沉下了，留下了这位老水手在海波中与死神挣扎着。他被领航者所救。后来，他一想起那时受的言之不尽的痛苦，便不能忍。他的心在体内烧着，一直到了把这可怕的故事说了出来，方才觉得舒服。三、分析老水手的心理历程 “自由、平等、博爱”是资产阶级道德重要规范。“自由、平等、博爱”的口号是资产阶级革命时期提出来的。它既是资产阶级的政治主张，又是资产阶级道德的重要内容。这一口号的提出不仅在政治上曾经起过推动历史进步的作用，而且在人类道德发展史上也是一个巨大的进步，因为它否定了人身依附关系，肯定了人身自由;否定了等级特权，肯定了人的平等;否定了把人不当人的非人道主义的博爱思想。一句话，肯定了人的尊严、价值以及个人对幸福的追求。所以，它对个性的张扬和自我意识的发展，对人们挣脱禁欲主义、蒙昧主义、等级主义的枷锁都起到了巨大的革命作用。西方____的万物泛神论主张神无处不在，万物都是神的表象。这种主张认为：上帝就等于万事万物;任何个别事物就是上帝;世上的事物实际上都是虚无的。在这两种思想的支配下，作者把信天翁认为是基督____徒。老水手无端地射死了信天翁，表示他拒绝社会给他的礼物，他除掉了深爱自己并代表超自然的事物，也就除掉了对这个世界的感情。老水手违反上天的指意，违反自然规律，射死了无辜的信天翁，必然要受到惩罚。于是，灾难来了：风停了，船无法前进，阳光酷热，水手们口干舌燥。这时候，有人指责老水手——“你怎敢放肆，将神鸟射死!是它引来了南风。”此时，老水手开始意识到自己行为的错误。于是，他开始不断地感到内疚。心理学认为，在道德情感系统中，羞耻感是其中的一个元素。毕达哥拉斯要求人们对自己言行进行反省以后，就应该在内心里对卑劣的行为感到羞耻、悲哀和恐惧;对善良行为感到欣喜。沙莆慈伯利认为，道德上的善恶主要取决于感情系统中的羞耻感。他说：“凡出自不公正的情感所作的，就是不义恶行和过失;如果情感公正、健全、良好，并且情感的内容有益于社会，而且还是以有益于社会方式施行，或有所感动，这就必定在任何行动中构成我们所说的公平和正直。”不义、恶行和过失将引起人们的羞耻感。羞耻感是个人的自我道德意识的一种表现，表示一个人对自己的行为、动机和道德品质的谴责时的内心体验。良心是羞耻感的的主要作用机制，常表现出焦虑、羞愧和内疚等情绪。道德焦虑是一种复合情绪。其中，痛苦和畏惧是主要构成“因子”。但它仅以避免外在处罚为目的，是低级形式的羞耻感，可又是羞耻感发生的基础。那么，羞耻感的真正作用是什么?是内疚，只有内疚才是高度的主体意识的产物，它激活潜在的思维和力量，专注与对过失的懊悔和追悔的行为，促进个体的心理成熟。如果个体内疚匮乏，那他将对道德不屑一顾，达不到“有羞知格”的认识。同时，羞耻感要以自尊为前提，一个没有自尊的人是不会知耻的，更不会自责。自尊体现了对自我社会话的切近，没有自尊的防卫，就不可能有自责的意识和行为的发生。老水手对自己的不道德行为知耻，惭愧和悔恨。老水手真是由于良心发现才深感自己行为的错误，于是惶惶终日，不断自责自己。事态进一步发展，在他忏悔和祈祷下挂在脖子下的鸟掉下来了，但是同行的水手都因为缺水而一个个地死去，只有老水手一个人活着。这似乎是上帝对他的又一个惩罚。他一方面觉得自己的罪行深重，导致了其他水手的死亡——痛苦;另一方面在茫茫大海中，一条船上就他孤零零的一个人——恐惧。于是他的内心又经历了一场痛苦与恐惧的考验。良心是每个人自身内部的道德评析，是自己对自己行为道德价值的认识、认知、判断、态度、感情、体验、意向、意志、动机等一切心理反应活动。老水手不断对自己惊醒良心谴责。良心的基本因素是感情，感情是对需要的体验，是心理的动力因素。它一方面产生良心的认知因素，推动自己去判断自己行为的道德价值;另一方面则产生良心意志因素，推动自己做出改过迁善的选择。在行为过后，良心对行为的后果有影响和评价作用。对于履行了道德义务并产生了好后果的影响和行为，它便于进行自我谴责，使人感到内疚、惭愧和悔恨。这种自我谴责，往往能形成一种力量，促使人们改正自己的行为。后来，老水手虔诚地祈求海蛇破开魔法，他才获救得以回家。人非圣贤，孰能无过?人生在生活中不免发生道德过失。道德反省就是通过对道德过失的追悔，从而激励人们采用新的道德行为去补救已经酿成的道德不幸，并且通过对道德过失的觉醒为将要开始的道德行为提供罗盘。道德反省的实质在于主体对自己已作的道德选择进行批判性的分析，是在主体已经体验到自己的道德行为存在着过失的情况下，从而进行的对自己内心的深刻反思。通过反思，要为今后的行为提供新的路线和方案，明白来者可追，逝者可补。在今后的行动过程中，要用千倍的补偿替代原有的损失;通过反思，主体对自我发展和自我需要与社会道德的系统会领悟得更加深刻。故事的最后，老水手回到了家。于是出现了开篇的那一幕：他极力拉住去赴婚宴的人，让他们听他讲这个离奇的故事——他想寻找听众，承认自己的错误，说出自己的故事，解除内心的痛苦——赎罪。尽管老水手已经虔诚忏悔，但还是有种负罪感难以释怀，于是他渴望被人理解，宣泄出来以排除内心的痛苦。生活也是这样，当我们遇到困难、痛苦的时候，不要封闭自己，找一个忠实的听众，把自己的苦恼说给他听。这是一种释放压力的好方法。总之，柯尔律治的这首诗歌以神秘、怪诞著称，其中的心理描写可谓是典范!诗歌探讨了罪与罚、善与恶，生与死等哲学问题，宣传了一切生物皆上帝听造的教义。但诗歌的真正价值并不在故事本身或它所包含的哲理上，而在以造型艺术的精确性和音乐的流动感为读者创造了一幅幅神奇的海洋画面：时而风平浪静，沉寂安宁;时而风暴骤起，一片喧嚣。在写作此诗时，柯尔律治并不熟悉大海，但他能凭借想象，使真实的情形与幻想的景象互相交织，把平凡的细节与诗意的象征融为一体，充分显示了瑰丽奇特的想象能力。在诗艺上，长诗将英国民歌的自由与古典文人诗的谨严冶于一炉，炼就出适合表达浪漫主义情绪的活泼自然的诗体，而长诗的音韵与节奏之美，也表现了诗人能让文字进行歌唱的本领。 [参考文献]：《英美文学选读》天津大学出版社出版《英国文学简史》河南人民出版社出版《道德心理学》中南大学出版社出版毕业英语论文范文大全篇2 浅谈东西方数字九的文化对比分析与翻译一、前言 "数是人类思维发展到一定阶段，为适应社会生产活动的需要，在符号的帮助下产生的。"(苏金智，19 91)"数字是语言学中的一个特殊的领域。在科学的数字世界里，它的功能是计算，秩序严谨，职司分明，是实数;而在人类心灵的数字世界中，它的功能是表义，许多数字经过“神化”后成为“玄数”、 “虚数”、“ 天数"。它们有着极其丰富的外延和内涵。"(王秉钦，1998) 由于受东西方文化传统、宗教信仰、语言崇拜、地理环境等方面的影响，数字的神化存在着东西方的差异，但也存在着共性，有着共同的规律。在"数的灵物崇拜"上各民族都有普通性。东方人有自己心目中的"天数"，而西方人也有自己心目中的"神数"。神秘数字的演化规律一般经过"神化—泛化—虚化"的过程。( 王秉钦，1998) 东西方已有不少有关数字科学的专著和论文，如毕达哥拉斯(phythagoras) 学派的T·丹齐克的《数科学语言》(商务印书馆，1998)，英国人伦拉德·法拉的《七的探源》;国内也有不少学者就数字写过著作和论文，并开展过学术探讨。如，王秉钦教授在其《语言与翻译新论》的中篇第六章就以"数的语义范围比较与翻译"为专题;苏金智曾写过《数的灵物崇拜》(载〈语言、社会、文化》 440页，语文出版社，1991，1) 等。在1998 年南昌大学主办的"中国英汉语比较研究会第二届年会暨第三次学术研讨会"上，英汉文化对比专业委员会会员曾就中南工业大学外语学院吴玲英老师的《中西文学中"以三为法”的文化模式》展开了激烈的讨论。本人认为东方人，尤其是中国人，自己心目中的天数是"九"而不是"三"，也并非完全是因为"九" 是"三"的倍数。二、东西方数字"九"的文化对比分析在我国，人们之所以把"九"看成是自己心目中的"天数"和最富有神奇色彩的数字，是因为"九" 这个数字的象征意义(symbolicmeaning)，在我国可以说历时最久，涉及面也最广。 "九"作为数不同于一般数字，在中国古代被认为是一种神秘的数字，它起初是龙形(或蛇形)图腾化之文字，继而演化出"神圣" 之意，于是中国古代历代帝王为了表示自己神圣的权力为天赐神赋，便竭力把自己同“九”联系在一起。如天分九层，极言其高，天证/诞日为正月初九，天子祭天一年九次。更有趣的是连皇宫建筑都与"九"有关。例如，北京城有九门，天安门城楼面阔九问，门上饰有九路钉(即每扇门的门钉纵横各九排)。汉语词汇中也常用"九"来形容帝王将相的称谓，如"九五之尊"(imperial throne);称官位仅次于皇帝的王爷为"九千岁 "等。根据阴阳五行与数的关系，万物之根均为数，宇宙也是数。数始于1而终于 10，五行也是数，按传统的五行理论来划分，则1、2为木：1为阳木，2为阴木。以3、4为火：3为阳火，4为阴火。以5、6为土：5为阳土，6为阴土。以7、8为金：7为阳金，8为阴金。以9、10为水：9 为阳水，10为阴水。这就是将"象"、"数"与五行结合起来推演变化，用以显示事物发展变化的内在联系。由此看来，"九"是最大的阳数，象征着天。传说古代中国人把天分为九层，九层天是天的最高处，汉语中有关词汇有"九重霄"(指极高的天空， "九霄云外" ，"九天揽月"，"九天九地"等。另外，天坛，这个明清两代祭天的场所，其建筑无处不体现着“九”的象征意义。民间传说中还有"九头鸟"(nine-headed bird: a fabulous bird whose appearance was f ormerlyregarded as a bad omcn)的故事。中国人以"九"为大数，刘师培在《古书疑义举例补》一书中写道："凡数指其极者，皆得称之为'九' ;"《素问》中说："天地之数，始于一，终于九。"因此，汉语中有"九九归一"或"九九归原"之说。因从"九"为数之极而引出人生之限，故"明九"或"暗九"均为人生之"坎"，避讳有“九”之岁。例如：“ 老太太因明年八十一岁，是个暗九。"(《红楼梦》)。日本人一般认为"九"是"苦命和痛苦"的象征，因为"九"与"苦"同音，因此忌讳 "九"。然而，《外语与外语教学》曾报道过国内一位学者曾为考证这一点，采用"全选法"将日本某地电话号码其中的几千个姓和名分别进行统计，结果发现将"九"作为姓的只占极少数(约占)，而将"九"作为名的却不少(约占35%)。看来，日本人忌讳"九"也并非绝对。此外，《词源》中说："九：虚指多数。""九"作虚数解时，是数的一种语义模糊现象。《现代汉语词典》中，"九"的意思有三个：(1)数目，八加一后所得;(2)从冬至起每九天是一个"九"，从一"九" 数起，二"九"、三 "九"，一直数到九"九"为止。冬练三九，夏练三伏;(3)表示多数或多次：九泉，三弯九转等。因此，汉语中有不少和"九"有关的成语。如："九牛一毛"、"九死一生"、"九牛二虎之力" 、"九流宾客"等等。在我国，数字"九"涉及面在所有数字中最广。含有数字"九"的词汇也十分丰富。如，"九州"是指传说中的我国上古行政区划，后用作"中国"的代称。因此，有的全国性的电视节目就取名为“九州方圆”;“ 九族"(the nine degrees of kindred: either thenine generations from one's great-great-gr andfather down toone's great-great-grandson;or four generations of one'spatemal relations, three generations of one's matemalrelations, and two generations of noe's wife's relatio ns)，古代有一种残酷的刑法叫"诛灭九族";古代传说 "龙生九子，各有所好"。因此，《红楼梦》第九回中用"一龙生九种，种种各别"来比喻贾氏家族族大人多，龙蛇混杂，好坏不一，各种各样的人都有。还有 " 九龙杯"等。此外，在文娱、体育等词汇中，数字"九"也比比皆是。如，许多歌名都以"九"开头："九妹 "、"九九艳阳天"、"九百九十九朵玫瑰" 等;乐器中也有"九音锣";在体育活动中，"九柱戏"(nine pins)，兵器中有"九节鞭"[但这与西方文化中的"九尾鞭”(cat-o '-nine- tails: an instrurnent of punishment so calledfrom the nine pieces of leather or cord which compose it)意义不大一样]。地名中也有一些以"九"开头的，如"九寨沟"、"九华山"、"九江"和"九龙"等。此外，中国人常把" 九"看成为吉祥数字之一。在申请电话号码时，人们宁愿多出钱去买一个尾数为"8"或 "9"的吉祥号码。比如，湖南有线电视台的"欢乐热线"号码为"16899919"。在西方，数字"九"也是人们心目中的"神数"之一。对西方人来说， "九"的象征意义是"神性"、 "神圣之至"。英语权威字典Webster's Ninth New Collegiate Dictionary and Webster's ThirdIntema tional Dictionary 中对"九"所解释的意义比《现代汉语词典》所解释的意义还多，分别有： 1)one more than eight, three threes, the square of three;2) nine units of objects (a tota l of nine) ; 3) a: thenumerable quantity symbolized by the arabic numeral 9; b: thefigure 9 ; 4) nine o'clock——compared Bell table, timeillustration; 5) the ninth size in a set series: as a; aplaying team of nine members, baseball team; b:the firstor last 9 hol es of an 18-hole golf course…。其中收入与"九"有关词语和成语多达近二十条。常用的有： a nine-day's wonder (an object or event that creates ashort-lived sensation) ____Those political expositions…that make a nine day'snine wonder till something fresh c omes alone——Mary Deasy. nine times out of ten(very often) be dressed up to the nines(elaborately dressed, as for aformal occasion) ____She dressed herself up to the nines and went to theparty. in the nineholes:in the difficult situation nine-men's morris: morris played with nine counters A cat has nine lives: A cat can move so fast and jump sowell that he seems to escape being killed many times. 从以上的解释还可以发现一个规律：数字"九"及其倍数在西方也被广泛运用于文娱和体育活动中。如，保龄球(bowling )中的瓶状木柱数(ninepins) 为"九"; 高尔夫球球场有一十八个洞：跳子棋的棋板上各方均为九个孔; 古时英国还有一种九个男人一起跳的舞蹈(morrisdance)等。由此看来，数字"九" 也倍受西方人的青睐。总之，在东西方文化中，数字"九"含有以下主要共性： 1)东西方大多数人把数字"九"看成神秘的数字，其象征意义均有"神圣"之意。 2)在东西方文化中，数字"九"均可虚指多数。 3)数字"九"被广泛运用于文体项目中。数字“九”在东西方文化中的个性恐怕主要在于：对中国人来说，其神奇色彩要比西方人更浓;其象征意义的历史在东方文化中比西方文化中更悠久;其涉及面在东方文化中比西方文化中更广泛。三、数字"九"的翻译问题罗马西塞罗说过："翻译不是字当句对，而是保留语言的总风格和力量。""按分量而不是按数量译词" 。此处所说的数字是指经过神化、泛化、虚化了的"虚数"，"实数"的翻译不在此例。根据这一理论，结合东西方文化的共性与个性，可采用如下的翻译方法，并遵循以下的翻译原则。可采取的翻译方法主要有： (一)保留原数字 . We thought our cat would be killed when he fell fromthe roof of the house. He was not, he used up one of his ninelives. 我们以为我们的猫从屋顶掉下来会死了，它并没死，只失掉九条命中的一条。这样翻译过来，人们很容易接受，因为人们已熟悉"猫有九命"这个成语，并能够促进东西方文化的融合。 (二)转换成各民族喜爱的数字 out of ten——十之八九 nine days' wonder———可翻译为"昙花一现"，这样翻译可以加深对奈达的"对等"和纽马克的"转换"翻译理论的理解。 (三)增舍数字比如，"九死一生"可翻译成"a narrow escape from death;survival after many hazards";又如，"九九归一，还是他说的话对。"可翻译成"All things considered,what he says is right."其译文均舍弃了数字，转译其形象意义。应遵循的原则主要有： (一)民族性原则比如，汉语中的"费了九牛二虎之力"，《汉英词典》(外研社，1996)的译文有三个："strain onese lf to the limit; use everyounce of one's strength; make herculean efforts"。笔者认为第二种译文 "use every ounce of one's strength "更符合"民族性原则”，成功地将东方文化中该成语的比喻意义转化成了西方文化语言中的形象意义。 (二)习语性原则比如："匡超人此时恍若亲见瑶宫仙子，月下嫦娥，那魂灵都飘到九霄云外去了。"(《儒林外史》)，其译文为"Kuang felt that he was gazing at a goddess and his spirit had flown to heaven."这种译文因遵循了"习语性原则"，充分地体现了人类交际行为的一个最根本原则——语言——符号的经济原则。 (三)形象性原则数字用于模糊意义时，一般都失去了其数量意义而具有形象意义。翻译时，必须越出其理性意义而捕捉其与其它的词结合后所产生的形象意义。比如："飞流直下三千尽，疑是银河落九天(李白)。"此句诗中的"九天" 的形象意义为"极高的天空 "，因此，可翻译成"Down itcascades a sheer three thousand feet—As if the Silver River [. the Milky. Way]were falling from heaven!"猜你喜欢： 1. 毕业英语论文范文 2. 英美文学毕业论文优秀范文 3. 商务英语专业毕业论文范文 4. 大学英语毕业论文范文 5. 英语专业论文范文 6. 本科英语专业论文范文

大学英语论文范文

写英语作文，最重要的是头脑清晰不是吗?就算是到了大学，这一点也不会改变。下面是我给大家整理的大学英语作文，供大家参阅!

A seven day long holiday has flown away. Mourning my happy hours during the vacation, I've been looking forward to winter holidays. People around me seemed to have enjoyed the vacation, too. Then, is it fair that people have the same amount of holidays regardless of their occupations?

Nevertheless, divergent views emerge on the matter in question. Some people are of the opinion that laborers should have the same length of holiday. They hold the view that people are born equal and should be treated equally. The same amount of leisure time may eliminate the unfairness among people who might be upset psychologically if otherwise. At first sight, it may seem to be an attractive idea, but it doesn't bear much analysis.

To begin with, people do different kinds of jobs featuring different labor intensity and so the time needed to refresh their physical condition varies. For example, blue collar workers may work longer hours before they get tired physically, while white collar workers such as doctors and teachers are more mentally stressed. Unable to work continuously as long as those physical labor workers, white collars need more time to pull through the mental weariness than physical tiredness. All in all, people in different jobs assume different responsibilities and have different degrees of pressure.

Secondly, different tasks and duties are required for different professions, resulting in the variety of holiday periods for people in different walks of life. Some employees cannot have their legal holidays and even have to work overtime, such as policemen, construction workers and people in the service professions just can't be interrupted for a mornent;other wise the society will be in a mess. Even for some people in the same occupation, they cannot have the same holidays entitled to them due to many factors out of human control, such as special assignments, and health conditions etc, then not to say people in different fields.

Suppose we, as teachers do, all have three months' holiday in a year. Then factories have to employ considerably more workers because some of them are enjoying happy 's obviously against the principles of doing business at lower cost and efficiency.

If we have only three days off in a year, then all the people in our country will be working day after day. No one can squeeze time to visit those tourist resorts leisurely. It goes without saying that the tourist trade and catering industry thus cannot develop rapidly and healthily.

Last, the development of science and technology allows the ways of work to be changed. Computer experts make their programs, doctors give patients diagnosis and tutors give students instructions at home through optical fabric cable 's how the new term SOHO bore. In other words, the way people work is not fixed so that they need different holiday phases.

Some people need more time to recover from the fatigue of labor. And some people cannot make ends meet though they work for 365 days in a year, for whom holiday is a waste of time.

It is neither possible nor necessary for people with different jobs to have the same amount of holiday off. Holiday is a kind of bonus, just as the Chinese idiom goes, distribution according to

work.

简评

冯佳莹同学的这篇作文思路清晰，分析丝丝入扣，是一篇非常优秀的议论文。

这篇作文的开头清新自然，通过自己对国庆假期的感受，进而联想到其他各行各业的人的想法，引出了本文的主题，显得毫不做作。写这篇作文时，作者显然进行了深入的思考，因而分析有理有据，闪烁着作者的真知灼见和思想火花。作者的语言很出色，句式长短交错，段落层次分明，句与句之间以及句群之间的衔接都非常清晰，作者倾向于使用then，that，those等连词和代词来衔接上下文，而没有使用过多的定语从句，既使句式的长度得到了控制，又避免了中国学生常见的定语长句(尤其是非限定性定语从句)过多的弊病。尽管作者使用了一些短语，但整篇的文体并没有因此而显得过于随意，显示了作者高超的语言驾驭能力。

(点评教师：孙东云)

It's a true story in the summer of 1998 when I was attending a youth conference in L. A... and it feels so good to rewind it in the recollection...

Fog swirls, swallowing the car in front of us. Dense, impenetrable, the wall of white throws back the lights into my eyes. There are four of us in a family van that is creeping along the free way from downtown L. A. to Lancaster. Fog gets even stronger and spreads out like a blanket over the flat land. It's Noah's turn to drive with complaints about the couldn't be lower visibility. But he is whispering so that Eugene and Kikki can sleep still. With eyes slightly closed, I am playing Bob Dylan on the disk, whose rhythm echoes the midnight prays.

Well, we've truly had enough prayers just now. Being off from the annual Vineyard Church International Yough Conference, I find myself deeply buried in the ferment that kids create from all over the world. There are cries and whisper, laughter and tears, bless and pain, confidence and disbelief mixed together, building up a confession of the detours of soul. Bible has recorded all this since centuries ago. It's about God, but it's not all time religion.

A boy from Panama asked me if I eat turkey as an Irish Catholic when pastor David was presenting his speech. I smilingly nodded my head and turned back to Mr. David. He is an authentic English with dark blue pupils, eyes right fixing into his listener while talking. He has truly handsome chins that show up his decency of smile and subtleness of wit.

"There is only one door into heaven and Jesus said, 'I'm the door' (John 10: 9), he quoted, "The way you enter is by expressing faith in the Lord Jesus Christ. Faith in Jesus is a commitment to the one whose life becomes your life and his life within you makes you a new person."

There was a dead silence for praying before a burst of weeping broke the ice. A blonde girl threw herself into the arms of the peer beside her, hiding her face. A boy of crew cut on the first row was bending his knees, forehead down to the ground,whispering his regrets. A black girl standing right beside me was shivering her lips with tears hanging up in her eyes, showing a piece of uncertainty. It was truly heart wrenching when more and more kids were peacefully touched by the power of God,harmonizing their words with tears, rather than screaming out their logo as "we love Jesus yes we dm we love Jesus how about you."

It hasn't been long before I am used to the way of praying here in the States. The melancholies in the air soon put me on the way of figuring out the fact lying behind the tears. It numbed me to see the fear and solitude that root deeply in this materially rich world. There is a false security that drastically reshapes the country by drug, crimes, pre marital sex and racism. And it seemed here every tiny little souls were certain victims. Jesus wasn't truly there, but the void became the savior.

It was then that the mother of pastor David rose to sing "Ave Maria". She came up to piano in a gentle pace, took a breath, closed her eyes, and delivered the goods. Well, never have heard the song offered with more feeling, more passion and fervor. She was seventy years old and magnificent. The plain voice flowing in the air was neither scratchy nor dramatic that you might expect from an aging third rate opera singer. This was actually the voice of a grandmother distilling her life into the music to honor what she loved and believed in. when the last lovely note faded and silence held us firm, the "grandma" opened her eyes, smiled at us, and said, "my lord be with you."

That is basically what received from the journey of soul. I told out my sins with once-in-life-time honesty. I may never get a chance to bump into Pastor David and I truly miss this mid aged gentleman of deep sea pupil, although he didn't succeed making me believe that Jesus died on the cross for my sin and paid my sin debt in full.

Noah is now too sleepy to drive. It's my turn to stay awake in this misty of midnight Los Angeles. Fog stands still when we are inching along the road of this spiritual trip. I don't know what keeps me in such a wild and peaceful excitement. Well, if the fog doesn't lift, may we at least have some lines and reflectors put down along the road to guide us.

简评

宗教的力量可以是无穷的。作者根据在美国的所见所闻，向我们描述了基督教对美国人的思想所起到的巨大支持与影响作用。

同时作者的美国经历不仅丰富了阅历，也使其语言功底令国内的英语学习者难以望其项背。生动的描述，地道的选词都使得该篇文章成为很好的例文供我们赏鉴。

(点评教师：张雪波)

Lectures and Discussions

提纲

1. 大学里有讲座式和讨论式两种授课方式。

2. 两种授课方式各有利弊。

3. 我的看法。

There are mainly two styles of teaching at universities -- lectures and discussions. Each has its own characteristics.

Lectures are actually the teacher's talk to a class for the purpose of teaching. In this kind of class, the teacher plays a central role, while the students are mainly the listeners. Compared with lectures, discussions are more flexible. Students can examine and argue about a subject with each other in this kind of class. Lectures are especially suitable for big classes hecause it will be easier to keep the students under control, while discussions are typically for small classes for the reason that they are more likely to go out of control.

In a word, lectures and discussions are two quite different styles of teaching, so we should choose either of them or combine them together reasonably according to the circumstances.

Science and Human Beings

提纲

1. 科学使人类进步，生活得更美好。

2. 科学有时也会带来负面效应，如原子能毁掉一切。

3. 就科学与人类的关系谈谈你的观点。

Science enables human beings to progress rapidly and lead a better life. For example, Edison's invention of the light bulb brought our gloomy life to the end and created a bright world for us. Another case in point is Watt's discovery of the steam engine, which triggered the industrial revolution in the western countries, and later all over the world.

Meanwhile, sometimes science does have some side effects. A good illustration of this is atomic energy, which can destroy human beings completdy when used in nuclear weapons.

Anyhow, it is men who develop science. And science, in turn, will do us good in general. As for its side effects, I believe human beings will be rational enough to avoid them or keep them under control.

在全球化时代,随着国际交流日益增多,中国对高质量英语人才的要求也达到了前所未有的高度。英语教学在中国高等教育体系中占据着举足轻重的地位,也肩负着社会培养高质量人才的重任。下文是我为大家搜集整理的关于毕业英语论文范文大全的内容，欢迎大家阅读参考!毕业英语论文范文大全篇1 浅谈老水手的心理历程——《苦舟子咏》读后感 [摘要]：《苦舟子咏》是英国19世纪湖畔派诗人柯勒律治的一首长诗。全诗是一个充满了奇幻之美的的航海故事。全诗探索人生的罪与罚问题，诗人把热爱宇宙的万物泛神论思想和____思想结合起来，宣传仁爱和基督____罪思想。诗中的水手的心理活动刻画得细致入微，水手杀掉信天翁表示他拒绝社会给他的礼物，他除掉了深爱自己并代表超自然的事物，也就除掉了对这个世界的感情，最后水手内心发生转变，以新的态度对待自然，为此他才得以解脱出来。 [关键词]：老水手;道德;内疚;痛苦;赎罪 Abstract: “The Rime of the Ancient Mariner” is one of Samuel Taylor Coleridge’s masterpieces. It is a long poem, telling a story in the form of ballads .The poem can be approached as a dream voyage to another realm, as a story of sin and expatiation, or as the quiet essential representation of the alienated isolated modern individual. 一、作者简介塞缪尔·泰勒·柯尔律治(Samuel Taylor Coleridge)1772年10月21日生于英格兰西南部德文郡一个乡镇牧师的家庭。9岁丧父，被送往伦敦基督慈幼学校上学，熟读希腊、罗马文学。19岁入剑桥大学，与骚塞相识。当时两人都同情法国革命，但又都害怕革命暴力，于是设想去美洲建立乌托邦社会。计划失败后柯尔律治移居英格兰部西部湖区，致力于写诗，并与华兹华斯结成密友。他憎恶资本主义城市文明和冷酷的金钱关系，于是远离城市，隐居于昆布兰湖区，寄情山水或缅怀中世纪的宗法社会。他们创作出歌颂大自然的或美化宗法制农村生活方式的诗篇，以抵制丑恶的资本主义现实。因此被称为“湖畔派诗人”。1798年，两人合作出版著名的《抒情歌谣集》。同年他与华兹华斯兄妹到德国留学，被康德的哲学和耶拿派的诗歌理论和创作所吸引。回国后继续居住于湖区，与华兹华斯保持往来。柯尔律治年青时代即患有风湿痛等多种疾病。为求镇痛他长期服食鸦片竟至上瘾，故健康大受损害。晚年他贫病交加，1834年7月25日逝世于海格特。柯尔律治的作品以真的细节描绘超自然的神秘事物，令人甘愿暂时不去考虑普通情理而信以为真，并在领略到一种怪异的美的同时获得教益或良知的觉醒。柯尔律治的创作实践和理论建设，不仅影响过他的同时代人，也影响了包括和他政治态度相左的拜伦、雪莱和济慈，而且，对于时至今日的诗歌艺术探索者，仍具有重要的借鉴价值。他在英国文学史上有重要地位，是浪漫主义思潮的重要代表。二、《苦舟子咏》简介《苦舟子咏》是柯尔律治唯一一部完整的长诗。这部长625行的叙事谣曲是一个神秘恐怖的浪漫故事：一名老水手对一个赴结婚宴的客人讲述了他自己的可怕的故事。客人想走开，赶快去赴宴，却为老水手眼中的特殊表情所吸引住，不得不站在那里把这个故事听完了。老水手和同伴们坐了一艘船出海去。一路上很平安。然后遇到了一阵暴风，暴风过后，这位水手却无端地射杀一只了航海者认为好运象征的信天翁。因此，厄运又降临了。船驶进静海中，那里没有风也没有浪;太阳如火如荼地照耀着。海水绿绿地满载着腐物。船停在那里不动，老水手被视为这次厄运的造因者。水手们都渴得要死去，仿佛有一只船要驶进救他们却又消失不见了。那是一只幻船，水手们一个个都死在甲板上，每个死者的眼光都注定在这位杀死信天翁的水手身上。全船的人，只有他没有死。后来，他对于自所做的恶罪觉得悔恨。于是天使们可怜他的悲苦，使死尸们站了起来，仍去做水手们的职务。他们开上了帆。虽然没有风，船却渐渐地移动。于是，这船一直驶到了老水手的故乡。一个领航者离了海岸，出来迎接。但在他到这船之前，它却突然地沉下了，留下了这位老水手在海波中与死神挣扎着。他被领航者所救。后来，他一想起那时受的言之不尽的痛苦，便不能忍。他的心在体内烧着，一直到了把这可怕的故事说了出来，方才觉得舒服。三、分析老水手的心理历程 “自由、平等、博爱”是资产阶级道德重要规范。“自由、平等、博爱”的口号是资产阶级革命时期提出来的。它既是资产阶级的政治主张，又是资产阶级道德的重要内容。这一口号的提出不仅在政治上曾经起过推动历史进步的作用，而且在人类道德发展史上也是一个巨大的进步，因为它否定了人身依附关系，肯定了人身自由;否定了等级特权，肯定了人的平等;否定了把人不当人的非人道主义的博爱思想。一句话，肯定了人的尊严、价值以及个人对幸福的追求。所以，它对个性的张扬和自我意识的发展，对人们挣脱禁欲主义、蒙昧主义、等级主义的枷锁都起到了巨大的革命作用。西方____的万物泛神论主张神无处不在，万物都是神的表象。这种主张认为：上帝就等于万事万物;任何个别事物就是上帝;世上的事物实际上都是虚无的。在这两种思想的支配下，作者把信天翁认为是基督____徒。老水手无端地射死了信天翁，表示他拒绝社会给他的礼物，他除掉了深爱自己并代表超自然的事物，也就除掉了对这个世界的感情。老水手违反上天的指意，违反自然规律，射死了无辜的信天翁，必然要受到惩罚。于是，灾难来了：风停了，船无法前进，阳光酷热，水手们口干舌燥。这时候，有人指责老水手——“你怎敢放肆，将神鸟射死!是它引来了南风。”此时，老水手开始意识到自己行为的错误。于是，他开始不断地感到内疚。心理学认为，在道德情感系统中，羞耻感是其中的一个元素。毕达哥拉斯要求人们对自己言行进行反省以后，就应该在内心里对卑劣的行为感到羞耻、悲哀和恐惧;对善良行为感到欣喜。沙莆慈伯利认为，道德上的善恶主要取决于感情系统中的羞耻感。他说：“凡出自不公正的情感所作的，就是不义恶行和过失;如果情感公正、健全、良好，并且情感的内容有益于社会，而且还是以有益于社会方式施行，或有所感动，这就必定在任何行动中构成我们所说的公平和正直。”不义、恶行和过失将引起人们的羞耻感。羞耻感是个人的自我道德意识的一种表现，表示一个人对自己的行为、动机和道德品质的谴责时的内心体验。良心是羞耻感的的主要作用机制，常表现出焦虑、羞愧和内疚等情绪。道德焦虑是一种复合情绪。其中，痛苦和畏惧是主要构成“因子”。但它仅以避免外在处罚为目的，是低级形式的羞耻感，可又是羞耻感发生的基础。那么，羞耻感的真正作用是什么?是内疚，只有内疚才是高度的主体意识的产物，它激活潜在的思维和力量，专注与对过失的懊悔和追悔的行为，促进个体的心理成熟。如果个体内疚匮乏，那他将对道德不屑一顾，达不到“有羞知格”的认识。同时，羞耻感要以自尊为前提，一个没有自尊的人是不会知耻的，更不会自责。自尊体现了对自我社会话的切近，没有自尊的防卫，就不可能有自责的意识和行为的发生。老水手对自己的不道德行为知耻，惭愧和悔恨。老水手真是由于良心发现才深感自己行为的错误，于是惶惶终日，不断自责自己。事态进一步发展，在他忏悔和祈祷下挂在脖子下的鸟掉下来了，但是同行的水手都因为缺水而一个个地死去，只有老水手一个人活着。这似乎是上帝对他的又一个惩罚。他一方面觉得自己的罪行深重，导致了其他水手的死亡——痛苦;另一方面在茫茫大海中，一条船上就他孤零零的一个人——恐惧。于是他的内心又经历了一场痛苦与恐惧的考验。良心是每个人自身内部的道德评析，是自己对自己行为道德价值的认识、认知、判断、态度、感情、体验、意向、意志、动机等一切心理反应活动。老水手不断对自己惊醒良心谴责。良心的基本因素是感情，感情是对需要的体验，是心理的动力因素。它一方面产生良心的认知因素，推动自己去判断自己行为的道德价值;另一方面则产生良心意志因素，推动自己做出改过迁善的选择。在行为过后，良心对行为的后果有影响和评价作用。对于履行了道德义务并产生了好后果的影响和行为，它便于进行自我谴责，使人感到内疚、惭愧和悔恨。这种自我谴责，往往能形成一种力量，促使人们改正自己的行为。后来，老水手虔诚地祈求海蛇破开魔法，他才获救得以回家。人非圣贤，孰能无过?人生在生活中不免发生道德过失。道德反省就是通过对道德过失的追悔，从而激励人们采用新的道德行为去补救已经酿成的道德不幸，并且通过对道德过失的觉醒为将要开始的道德行为提供罗盘。道德反省的实质在于主体对自己已作的道德选择进行批判性的分析，是在主体已经体验到自己的道德行为存在着过失的情况下，从而进行的对自己内心的深刻反思。通过反思，要为今后的行为提供新的路线和方案，明白来者可追，逝者可补。在今后的行动过程中，要用千倍的补偿替代原有的损失;通过反思，主体对自我发展和自我需要与社会道德的系统会领悟得更加深刻。故事的最后，老水手回到了家。于是出现了开篇的那一幕：他极力拉住去赴婚宴的人，让他们听他讲这个离奇的故事——他想寻找听众，承认自己的错误，说出自己的故事，解除内心的痛苦——赎罪。尽管老水手已经虔诚忏悔，但还是有种负罪感难以释怀，于是他渴望被人理解，宣泄出来以排除内心的痛苦。生活也是这样，当我们遇到困难、痛苦的时候，不要封闭自己，找一个忠实的听众，把自己的苦恼说给他听。这是一种释放压力的好方法。总之，柯尔律治的这首诗歌以神秘、怪诞著称，其中的心理描写可谓是典范!诗歌探讨了罪与罚、善与恶，生与死等哲学问题，宣传了一切生物皆上帝听造的教义。但诗歌的真正价值并不在故事本身或它所包含的哲理上，而在以造型艺术的精确性和音乐的流动感为读者创造了一幅幅神奇的海洋画面：时而风平浪静，沉寂安宁;时而风暴骤起，一片喧嚣。在写作此诗时，柯尔律治并不熟悉大海，但他能凭借想象，使真实的情形与幻想的景象互相交织，把平凡的细节与诗意的象征融为一体，充分显示了瑰丽奇特的想象能力。在诗艺上，长诗将英国民歌的自由与古典文人诗的谨严冶于一炉，炼就出适合表达浪漫主义情绪的活泼自然的诗体，而长诗的音韵与节奏之美，也表现了诗人能让文字进行歌唱的本领。 [参考文献]：《英美文学选读》天津大学出版社出版《英国文学简史》河南人民出版社出版《道德心理学》中南大学出版社出版毕业英语论文范文大全篇2 浅谈东西方数字九的文化对比分析与翻译一、前言 "数是人类思维发展到一定阶段，为适应社会生产活动的需要，在符号的帮助下产生的。"(苏金智，19 91)"数字是语言学中的一个特殊的领域。在科学的数字世界里，它的功能是计算，秩序严谨，职司分明，是实数;而在人类心灵的数字世界中，它的功能是表义，许多数字经过“神化”后成为“玄数”、 “虚数”、“ 天数"。它们有着极其丰富的外延和内涵。"(王秉钦，1998) 由于受东西方文化传统、宗教信仰、语言崇拜、地理环境等方面的影响，数字的神化存在着东西方的差异，但也存在着共性，有着共同的规律。在"数的灵物崇拜"上各民族都有普通性。东方人有自己心目中的"天数"，而西方人也有自己心目中的"神数"。神秘数字的演化规律一般经过"神化—泛化—虚化"的过程。( 王秉钦，1998) 东西方已有不少有关数字科学的专著和论文，如毕达哥拉斯(phythagoras) 学派的T·丹齐克的《数科学语言》(商务印书馆，1998)，英国人伦拉德·法拉的《七的探源》;国内也有不少学者就数字写过著作和论文，并开展过学术探讨。如，王秉钦教授在其《语言与翻译新论》的中篇第六章就以"数的语义范围比较与翻译"为专题;苏金智曾写过《数的灵物崇拜》(载〈语言、社会、文化》 440页，语文出版社，1991，1) 等。在1998 年南昌大学主办的"中国英汉语比较研究会第二届年会暨第三次学术研讨会"上，英汉文化对比专业委员会会员曾就中南工业大学外语学院吴玲英老师的《中西文学中"以三为法”的文化模式》展开了激烈的讨论。本人认为东方人，尤其是中国人，自己心目中的天数是"九"而不是"三"，也并非完全是因为"九" 是"三"的倍数。二、东西方数字"九"的文化对比分析在我国，人们之所以把"九"看成是自己心目中的"天数"和最富有神奇色彩的数字，是因为"九" 这个数字的象征意义(symbolicmeaning)，在我国可以说历时最久，涉及面也最广。 "九"作为数不同于一般数字，在中国古代被认为是一种神秘的数字，它起初是龙形(或蛇形)图腾化之文字，继而演化出"神圣" 之意，于是中国古代历代帝王为了表示自己神圣的权力为天赐神赋，便竭力把自己同“九”联系在一起。如天分九层，极言其高，天证/诞日为正月初九，天子祭天一年九次。更有趣的是连皇宫建筑都与"九"有关。例如，北京城有九门，天安门城楼面阔九问，门上饰有九路钉(即每扇门的门钉纵横各九排)。汉语词汇中也常用"九"来形容帝王将相的称谓，如"九五之尊"(imperial throne);称官位仅次于皇帝的王爷为"九千岁 "等。根据阴阳五行与数的关系，万物之根均为数，宇宙也是数。数始于1而终于 10，五行也是数，按传统的五行理论来划分，则1、2为木：1为阳木，2为阴木。以3、4为火：3为阳火，4为阴火。以5、6为土：5为阳土，6为阴土。以7、8为金：7为阳金，8为阴金。以9、10为水：9 为阳水，10为阴水。这就是将"象"、"数"与五行结合起来推演变化，用以显示事物发展变化的内在联系。由此看来，"九"是最大的阳数，象征着天。传说古代中国人把天分为九层，九层天是天的最高处，汉语中有关词汇有"九重霄"(指极高的天空， "九霄云外" ，"九天揽月"，"九天九地"等。另外，天坛，这个明清两代祭天的场所，其建筑无处不体现着“九”的象征意义。民间传说中还有"九头鸟"(nine-headed bird: a fabulous bird whose appearance was f ormerlyregarded as a bad omcn)的故事。中国人以"九"为大数，刘师培在《古书疑义举例补》一书中写道："凡数指其极者，皆得称之为'九' ;"《素问》中说："天地之数，始于一，终于九。"因此，汉语中有"九九归一"或"九九归原"之说。因从"九"为数之极而引出人生之限，故"明九"或"暗九"均为人生之"坎"，避讳有“九”之岁。例如：“ 老太太因明年八十一岁，是个暗九。"(《红楼梦》)。日本人一般认为"九"是"苦命和痛苦"的象征，因为"九"与"苦"同音，因此忌讳 "九"。然而，《外语与外语教学》曾报道过国内一位学者曾为考证这一点，采用"全选法"将日本某地电话号码其中的几千个姓和名分别进行统计，结果发现将"九"作为姓的只占极少数(约占)，而将"九"作为名的却不少(约占35%)。看来，日本人忌讳"九"也并非绝对。此外，《词源》中说："九：虚指多数。""九"作虚数解时，是数的一种语义模糊现象。《现代汉语词典》中，"九"的意思有三个：(1)数目，八加一后所得;(2)从冬至起每九天是一个"九"，从一"九" 数起，二"九"、三 "九"，一直数到九"九"为止。冬练三九，夏练三伏;(3)表示多数或多次：九泉，三弯九转等。因此，汉语中有不少和"九"有关的成语。如："九牛一毛"、"九死一生"、"九牛二虎之力" 、"九流宾客"等等。在我国，数字"九"涉及面在所有数字中最广。含有数字"九"的词汇也十分丰富。如，"九州"是指传说中的我国上古行政区划，后用作"中国"的代称。因此，有的全国性的电视节目就取名为“九州方圆”;“ 九族"(the nine degrees of kindred: either thenine generations from one's great-great-gr andfather down toone's great-great-grandson;or four generations of one'spatemal relations, three generations of one's matemalrelations, and two generations of noe's wife's relatio ns)，古代有一种残酷的刑法叫"诛灭九族";古代传说 "龙生九子，各有所好"。因此，《红楼梦》第九回中用"一龙生九种，种种各别"来比喻贾氏家族族大人多，龙蛇混杂，好坏不一，各种各样的人都有。还有 " 九龙杯"等。此外，在文娱、体育等词汇中，数字"九"也比比皆是。如，许多歌名都以"九"开头："九妹 "、"九九艳阳天"、"九百九十九朵玫瑰" 等;乐器中也有"九音锣";在体育活动中，"九柱戏"(nine pins)，兵器中有"九节鞭"[但这与西方文化中的"九尾鞭”(cat-o '-nine- tails: an instrurnent of punishment so calledfrom the nine pieces of leather or cord which compose it)意义不大一样]。地名中也有一些以"九"开头的，如"九寨沟"、"九华山"、"九江"和"九龙"等。此外，中国人常把" 九"看成为吉祥数字之一。在申请电话号码时，人们宁愿多出钱去买一个尾数为"8"或 "9"的吉祥号码。比如，湖南有线电视台的"欢乐热线"号码为"16899919"。在西方，数字"九"也是人们心目中的"神数"之一。对西方人来说， "九"的象征意义是"神性"、 "神圣之至"。英语权威字典Webster's Ninth New Collegiate Dictionary and Webster's ThirdIntema tional Dictionary 中对"九"所解释的意义比《现代汉语词典》所解释的意义还多，分别有： 1)one more than eight, three threes, the square of three;2) nine units of objects (a tota l of nine) ; 3) a: thenumerable quantity symbolized by the arabic numeral 9; b: thefigure 9 ; 4) nine o'clock——compared Bell table, timeillustration; 5) the ninth size in a set series: as a; aplaying team of nine members, baseball team; b:the firstor last 9 hol es of an 18-hole golf course…。其中收入与"九"有关词语和成语多达近二十条。常用的有： a nine-day's wonder (an object or event that creates ashort-lived sensation) ____Those political expositions…that make a nine day'snine wonder till something fresh c omes alone——Mary Deasy. nine times out of ten(very often) be dressed up to the nines(elaborately dressed, as for aformal occasion) ____She dressed herself up to the nines and went to theparty. in the nineholes:in the difficult situation nine-men's morris: morris played with nine counters A cat has nine lives: A cat can move so fast and jump sowell that he seems to escape being killed many times. 从以上的解释还可以发现一个规律：数字"九"及其倍数在西方也被广泛运用于文娱和体育活动中。如，保龄球(bowling )中的瓶状木柱数(ninepins) 为"九"; 高尔夫球球场有一十八个洞：跳子棋的棋板上各方均为九个孔; 古时英国还有一种九个男人一起跳的舞蹈(morrisdance)等。由此看来，数字"九" 也倍受西方人的青睐。总之，在东西方文化中，数字"九"含有以下主要共性： 1)东西方大多数人把数字"九"看成神秘的数字，其象征意义均有"神圣"之意。 2)在东西方文化中，数字"九"均可虚指多数。 3)数字"九"被广泛运用于文体项目中。数字“九”在东西方文化中的个性恐怕主要在于：对中国人来说，其神奇色彩要比西方人更浓;其象征意义的历史在东方文化中比西方文化中更悠久;其涉及面在东方文化中比西方文化中更广泛。三、数字"九"的翻译问题罗马西塞罗说过："翻译不是字当句对，而是保留语言的总风格和力量。""按分量而不是按数量译词" 。此处所说的数字是指经过神化、泛化、虚化了的"虚数"，"实数"的翻译不在此例。根据这一理论，结合东西方文化的共性与个性，可采用如下的翻译方法，并遵循以下的翻译原则。可采取的翻译方法主要有： (一)保留原数字 . We thought our cat would be killed when he fell fromthe roof of the house. He was not, he used up one of his ninelives. 我们以为我们的猫从屋顶掉下来会死了，它并没死，只失掉九条命中的一条。这样翻译过来，人们很容易接受，因为人们已熟悉"猫有九命"这个成语，并能够促进东西方文化的融合。 (二)转换成各民族喜爱的数字 out of ten——十之八九 nine days' wonder———可翻译为"昙花一现"，这样翻译可以加深对奈达的"对等"和纽马克的"转换"翻译理论的理解。 (三)增舍数字比如，"九死一生"可翻译成"a narrow escape from death;survival after many hazards";又如，"九九归一，还是他说的话对。"可翻译成"All things considered,what he says is right."其译文均舍弃了数字，转译其形象意义。应遵循的原则主要有： (一)民族性原则比如，汉语中的"费了九牛二虎之力"，《汉英词典》(外研社，1996)的译文有三个："strain onese lf to the limit; use everyounce of one's strength; make herculean efforts"。笔者认为第二种译文 "use every ounce of one's strength "更符合"民族性原则”，成功地将东方文化中该成语的比喻意义转化成了西方文化语言中的形象意义。 (二)习语性原则比如："匡超人此时恍若亲见瑶宫仙子，月下嫦娥，那魂灵都飘到九霄云外去了。"(《儒林外史》)，其译文为"Kuang felt that he was gazing at a goddess and his spirit had flown to heaven."这种译文因遵循了"习语性原则"，充分地体现了人类交际行为的一个最根本原则——语言——符号的经济原则。 (三)形象性原则数字用于模糊意义时，一般都失去了其数量意义而具有形象意义。翻译时，必须越出其理性意义而捕捉其与其它的词结合后所产生的形象意义。比如："飞流直下三千尽，疑是银河落九天(李白)。"此句诗中的"九天" 的形象意义为"极高的天空 "，因此，可翻译成"Down itcascades a sheer three thousand feet—As if the Silver River [. the Milky. Way]were falling from heaven!"猜你喜欢： 1. 毕业英语论文范文 2. 英美文学毕业论文优秀范文 3. 商务英语专业毕业论文范文 4. 大学英语毕业论文范文 5. 英语专业论文范文 6. 本科英语专业论文范文

有很多的同学在写英语作文的时候，也会写一些经典的议论文，我整理了相关范文，希望会对大家有所帮助！

英语作文范文带中文翻译

Many years ago, the movie about the youth became very popular, every year, we can see many hot movies about the protagonist’s passed youth. People like to recall their passed youth, which makes such movies sell good. But I find the common things about these movies, all the protagonists’ youth are about fighting, love and other negative things. I understand the directors’ intention, they want to tell people youth is not perfect and having pities. Of course movie is exaggerating, the real youth is about studying, at least, most people have worked so hard to get into their ideal colleges. What the movies describe make up some people’s youth, for which they don’t have the chance to experience. We should not be misled by these movies, for the teenagers, their job is to study, so that they can have a bright future.

【翻译】很多年以前，关于青春的电影很受欢迎，此后每年，我们都可以看到很多热门电影是关于主人公逝去的青春。人们喜欢回忆他们逝去的青春，这才是让这类电影好卖的原因。但是我发现了这些电影的共同点，那就是所有的主人公的青春都是关于大家，恋爱和其他消极的东西。我明白导演们的意图，他们想要告诉人们青春是不完美的，存在遗憾。当然电影是夸张化的，真正的青春是关于学习，至少，大部分人是如此努力的学习，为了进入理想的大学。电影所刻画的弥补了一些人的青春，对于他们没有机会去体验这些东西。我们不应该被电影误导，对于青少年来说，他们的工作是学习，这样他们才能有一个美好的未来。

高中英语作文范文80词

I like English. I think I can share my English learning method with you. First of all, develop interest on English. My way to make it is to watch movies from abroad. At first, I will watch the movie with subtitle. Then I will remove the subtitle, only English left. Gradually, show great interest in English. Secondly, recite vocabularies. Vocabulary is the necessary foundation to start learn English. This time you have to force yourself to remember words. Thirdly, understand basic grammar thoroughly. It is hard for me to understand the meaning of a sentence if I don’t know the basic grammar. Last but not least is to speak more. The basic purpose to learn a language is to communicate. So talk in English as much as you can. And don’t worry about losing face, because everyone makes mistakes. Those are my methods.

我喜欢英语。我觉得我可以和你分享一下我的英语学习方法。首先，培养对英语的兴趣。我的方法是看国外电影。一开始，我会留着字幕一起看。之后我就会不看字幕，只留英文。渐渐地，我对英语表现出极大的兴趣。其次，背诵词汇。词汇是学习英语的必要根基。这一点你只能强迫自己去背了。第三，完全理解基本语法。如果我不懂基本语法，我会很难理解一整个句子的意思。最后但并非最不重要的是要多说。学习语言的基本目的就是进行沟通。因此，尽可能多的用英语交谈。不要担心丢脸，因为每个人都会犯错误的。这些就是我的方法。

英语作文100词左右带翻译——珍惜时间

Chinese Spring Festival celebrating the end of winter and the warmth of spring. It began in the last day of the lunar year, end in the 15th day of lunar New Year, also is the Lantern Festival. During the Spring Festival, people use red lantern and Spring Festival couplets decorate a house, put on all kinds of colored clothes, often

An English proverb says that time is money. I consider it (this) wrong. Why? Because we all know that we can earn money be work but can not in any way get back time (in anyway). For this reason, we may (can) say that time is more valuable than money.

Many people do not know the value of time. It (this) is indeed a great pity. We must bear (keep) in mind that wasting time is equal to wasting your life.

【翻译】英国有句谚语说，时间就是金钱。我认为这是不对的。为什么？因为我们大家都知道我们能够用工作赚钱，但无论如何却无法把时间争取回来。基于此种理由，我们可以说时间比钱钱更宝贵。

许多人不知爱惜时光。这确实是可惜的。我们必须记住浪费时间等于浪费生命。

英语论文范文大学

英语议论文写作是英语专业学习者学习中很重要的一项技能，恰当运用评价资源能增强作者表达对事件的态度和立场，开启话题，可以感染和说服读者。以下是我为大家整理的关于英语议论文范文，给大家作为参考，欢迎阅读!

英语议论文范文篇1

My opinion on copying others' homework

It is konwn to us all that some students copy others' homework,their reasons are as below:first of all,the homework is too much and always difficult;the second,they are not intrested in the lessons;and the third,the aim of finishing their homework is to please the teacher.

In my opinion,copying others' homework is not good,because it's against the rules of the should be honest and work hard to get high we have difficulties,we can even ask the teacher or our classmates for their help.

英语议论文范文篇2

Now it is common that students copy homework from their classmates. I think it is a terrible thing . Because homework is their own task and the check for what they learn in class.

If they copy others' homework , the teachers won't get the fact so they can't help the students to improve. Besides ,if the students can't finish their homework, they can't get the chance to go over their lessons so they can't make progress. So don't copy others' homework.

英语议论文范文篇3

In the picture we can see that a man is fishing attentively by the him there is a scholar who is stealing the fish in the man’s is obvious that the drawer of the picture tries to reveal a serious problemin the academic circle of our country — plagiarism. In recent years academiccheats have become rampant. Quite a lot of graduate students and scholars“use” others’ ideas, articles and papers without acknowledging the sourceof information.

They copy them without the fear that they might be a long time we paid less attention to the problem of plagiarism, butnow we are increasingly aware of its negative effects. Plagiarists’misconduct simply mean “stealing” others’ intellectual and academicaccomplishments, which not only depreciates their own humanity but contaminatesthe climate of the academic circle. Academic falsification is like an epidemicdisease that spreads fast and will destroy the healthy development of academicstudies. What’s worse, these plagiarists have set a very disreputable exampleto the younger generation.

So what attitude should we hold towards it? From my point of view, weshould resolutely battle against this ill phenomenon. Education of moralityshould be strengthened among the scholars and students. Those who steal others’academic achievements should be given severe punishment whenever they arespotted. If necessary, we can resort to the law to protect the interest of theoriginal writer and inventor. We must recognize that fighting againstplagiarism requires our persistent efforts.

翻译

在画中我们可以看到一位男子正在专心地在湖边钓鱼，在他身后有一位学者模样的人正从钓鱼人的鱼桶中偷鱼。显然，作这幅画的人是想揭示我国学术界的一个严重的问题—— 剽窃。近年来学术欺诈盛行，有不少研究生、学者“利用”别人的想法、文章和论文而不注明信息来源。

他们抄袭他人作品，不怕被抓。对剽窃问题很长时间以来我们关注甚少，现在我们越来越多地意识到它的负面影响。剽窃行为其实就是“偷”他人的知识和学术成就。剽窃不仅贬低人格，而且污染学术风气，它会像传染病那样迅速蔓延，破坏学术研究的健康发展。更糟的是，这些剽窃者给年轻的一代树立了坏榜样。

本科生英语论文范文

范文一：英语本科毕业论文

The Spirit of Revolt of Tess --Study in Tess of the D'Urbervilles

Thesis statement:

Everyone knows that Tess’s life is a great tragedy, but she is still a courageous woman who dares to fight by all means. In order to defeat the unfortunate fate she always resists the decadent society, the traditional concept, and the hypocrisy religion.

Outline

Ⅰ.Brief Introduction to Tess of the d'Urbervilles

A. Women’s role in industrial movements during 19th century in England

B. A brief commentary of the novel

1. the writer --Thomas hardy

2. general introduction of the novel

Ⅱ.Tess’s spirit of revolt all through her life

A. Tess’s fight to the moribund society

1. the moribund society

2. Tess’s fight to the moribund society

B. Tess’s resistance to the traditional moral concept

1. the traditional moral concept

2. Tess’s resistance to the traditional moral concept

C. Tess’s resistance to the hypocritical religion

hypocritical religion in that time

2. Tess’s resistance to the hypocritical religion

D. Tess’s resistance to the unfortunate marriage

’s unfortunate marriage

2. Tess’s resistance to the unfortunate marriage

Ⅲ.Conclusion: In a word, Tess has shown a powerful woman's image to common people with her unyielding spirit of revolt. She, to the moribund society, traditional old morals, hypocritical religion, capitalist marriage system, has carried on the strongest revealing and criticism. Her kindhearted enlightenment, noble emotion, strong personality, and her resistance in imbuing all rooted in the hearts of the people forever, worth savoring.

Abstract

This paper mainly focuses on the spirit of revolt of Tess. First of all, this paper begins with a brief introduction to the novel. Then, this paper makes a brief commentary of the novel. Moreover, it concentrates on :(1) Tess’s fight to the moribund society. (2) Tess’s resistance to the traditional moral concept. (3) Tess’s resistance to the hypocritical religion. (4) Tess’s resistance to the unfortunate marriage. And at last the paper reveals that Tess is actually a character with the spirit of revolt all through her life.

key words:tragedy,Spirit of revolt,industrial movement,unfortunate fate

内容提要

本文研究的是小说主人公“苔丝”的“反抗精神”。首先，本文对小说的背景做了介绍。然后，对文本进行简要评论。再次，本文主要从以下四个方面对文本主人公“苔丝”的“反抗精神”进行集中讨论：(1) 苔丝对腐朽社会的抗争;(2) 苔丝对传统的道德观念的反抗;(3) 苔丝对伪善的宗教的反抗;(4) 苔丝对不幸婚姻的反抗。最后，揭示出苔丝整个人生经历中的反抗精神。

关键词：悲剧,反抗精神,工业运动,不幸命运

范文二：英语专业毕业论文格式要求

1、主要任务

毕业论文写作是完成本科教学计划、实现本科培养目标的重要阶段，是英语人才培养不可或缺的重要环节，是英语专业本科教学计划的重要组成部分，是培养学生综合应用所学的基本理论、基础知识和基本技能，并分析和解决实际问题的重要途径，是对学生进行科学研究的初步训练。毕业论文是学生大学毕业前的最后学习阶段，是英语教学深化和升华的重要过程;是对学生的英语实践技能、英语语文知识及其他相关学科知识、综合素质、研究与创新能力进行检验考核的重要手段;是学生学士学位资格认证的重要依据;是衡量、评估英语专业教学质量与水平的重要内容之一。

2、知识要求

英语专业的毕业论文按专业方向的不同可分为“文学”、“语言及语言学研究”、“语言教学”、“翻译研究”和“ 文化与跨文化”等不同类别。按论文性质的不同，又可分为理论型研究论文、应用型研究论文、综述型论文和研究报告型论文。每个专业方向都可以有这4种不同的类型。

(1)理论型研究论文指对已有的语言、文学、翻译、教学、文化等学科领域的理论性和应用性的研究成果，在翔实、可靠的事实材料的基础上进行有一定新意的探讨，这种新意可包括新的命题、新的视角、新的材料、新的方法、新的论证、新的结论。理论型研究应熟识与了解现有的科学观点、结论和评价，并进行消化、吸收，针对现有理论中的不足、不确切和未涉及之处进行局部的修正、改进、补充或完善。写理论型研究论文的学生要有较好的理论准备，能够熟练运用已学的理论知识，正确、科学地分析、解决论文撰写过程中出现的各种具体的理论性问题，在教师的指导下发现、提出理论性问题并对某一具体理论提出自己的看法和意见。

(2)应用型研究论文指以实际应用为目的，探讨已有的知识在实践中应用的可能性，或运用已有的研究成果探索应用的新途径。应用型研究必须与教学、研究或社会相结合，重点在于如何运用现有的知识，提出、分析、论证或解决在实践中出现的各种新问题，作出有参考或应用价值的结论。选择写应用型研究论文的学生要有一定的理论准备，能够熟练运用已学的理论知识，正确分析、解决论文撰写过程中出现的各种具体问题并在老师的指导下运用某一具体理论提出解决问题的看法和意见。

(3)综述型论文是对某一学科领域研究与发展状况作综合叙述介绍的一种论文类型。综述型论文是在大量阅读各种文献的基础上，对学科中某一具体的理论性或实际应用性问题的研究状况进行综合归纳，分析整理，去粗取精，做出判断，理出清晰而明确的研究发展脉络，从而展示研究现状和已取得的研究成果，分析问题的症结，并指出未来的研究走向和发展趋势的动态性研究成果。写综述型论文的学生应对所选课题的研究状况有比较全面的把握和正确的了解，对材料的归纳总结要较好地体现出综合性和概括性，要在分析、判断的基础上作出新的结论，而且要有一定的前沿性和前瞻性。

(4)研究报告型论文是就某一课题开展调查或测试并对调查或测试中获得的各种数据进行分析、综合、归纳、整理、讨论，从而作出结论的调研性论文。研究报告型论文可分为调查报告与测试报告两类。写研究报告型论文的学生需要具有正确采集、分析和处理信息和数据的方法，需要具有在理论上对调查过程进行分析和论证的能力，并能在老师的指导下独立 1

制定调查或测试方案。

3、能力培养要求

毕业论文写作是本科英语专业教学计划中规定的一项内容和组成部分，是学生毕业前提交的一份具有一定的理论或应用价值的学术论文。它是学生毕业前独立而系统地从事科学研究的初步尝试。毕业论文表明学生的英语水平和实际应用英语的能力，表明学生相关学科方面的学识水平，表明学生发现问题、提出问题和解决问题的能力以及独立从事科研工作的能力。毕业论文对能力的培养有以下几个方面的具体要求：

(1)锻炼学生运用连贯的、正确的、科学的英语语言的能力，全面提高学生综合运用英语的水平;

(2)培养学生发现问题、提出问题、分析问题的思维品质;

(3)培养学生运用所学的理论知识解决来理论性问题或英语实践技能方面的应用性问题的能力;

(4)培养学生严肃认真的科学态度和严谨踏实的工作作风;

(5)培养学生勇于实践、勇于探索、勇于创新的精神。

4、综合素质要求

毕业论文在英语人才培养中起着一般教学不可替代的作用，是对课堂教学和非课堂教学的重要补充。毕业论文跟课堂教学和非课堂教学二者的配合可有效地解决语言知识、言语技能和相关知识的活用问题，能以一种综合性的研究成果的方式把分散的知识、技能与能力要素有机地结合起来。这种结合是全方位的，即思想、观念、知识、技能、能力和文化素质等诸多方面的全面综合，这种结合同时也包括文献资料检索能力、资料筛选能力、计算机应用能力、动手能力、概括能力、归纳能力、分析问题的能力与解决问题的能力等等。总之，毕业论文教学以培养学生全方位的多方面综合素质为目的。

近年来,英语专业学生思辨能力的培养受到外语教育界的广泛关注，于是英语议论文也开始兴起。以下是我为大家整理的关于300字英语议论文范文，给大家作为参考，欢迎阅读!

300字英语议论文范文篇1

Everyone dreams about the future. I also have a dream about my life in 20 years. I will live inShanghaiwith my families because we like it very much. It will be more beautiful. I will teach in a middle school. I will be a good English teacher.

I will love my students, and my students will love me, too. We will be good friends. I will do sports with my students every day. Swimming and running will be my favorite sports. I will be healthy and strong. There will be more robots everywhere. They will help us do many things. I believe we will have more time to study and play.

This is my future dream. What do you think of it?

300字英语议论文范文篇2

My ideal work has many, for instance doctor, police, boss, entrepreneur, scientist .

But I most like working as boss. When boss has many advantage for example: May make money, buy the house, to buy the car, to be filial piety the parents, to make the contribution, the gang disaster area person for the Project Hope to do decides the life the expense .......

I thought that I certainly will work as boss in the future. What but I most am now main is studies well, can work as boss.

300字英语议论文范文篇3

My future will be happy. I already graduated at that time from the university. I will have a stable will have my family, my husband,and a lovely child. What will be my future job?

I have many ideals. I want to work as a singer, stands on the stage sings for the people; I want to work as a nurse, cure illness, brings the health for the people; I want to work as a pilot, drives the airplane in the blue sky; I want to work as a gardener, with a little bit sweat irrigation flowers, lets our life forever fill the green. After growing want to ba a will have many day I will give many classes to them. I will become a teacher who is always preparing my can certainly be a good teacher in the future.

I will also be a volunteer of my city. I will help a great deal of many meaningful things. I will Make contribution to my city and the society.

If I can became an teacher, they are my forever hopes. this will be my future, when a grade teacher's dream.

I will have a bright I will study hard and make preperation for my future.

300字英语议论文范文篇4

It's my dream to be a teacher .

Why do I have this dream ? Becasue I like this teachers are sometimes strict with us. They are always friendly to us and often help us with our study .They not only teach us too much knowledge, but also tell a lot of principle .So I'd like to became a teacher in the future . From now on , I should go on working hard and listen to the teacher carefully in the I Should

英语化学毕业论文范文

英语专业毕业论文答辩陈述稿范文

时间过得真快，大学生活即将结束，毕业论文是大学生都必须通过的，毕业论文是一种有准备的检验大学学习成果的`形式，毕业论文应该怎么写才好呢？以下是我整理的英语专业毕业论文答辩陈述稿范文，仅供参考，大家一起来看看吧。

Good morning, all appraiser committee members. I am xx and my supervisor is xx. With her constant encouragement and guidance, I have finished my paper. Now, it is the show time. I will present my efforts to you and welcome any correction.

The title of my paper is On Transformation of Parts of Speech in Translation. I choose this as my topic due to the following reasons. Different languages have different standards to distinguish parts of speech. Each language has its own special structure. And there are no equivalent parts of speech between different languages. In order to make the target version more idiomatic and standard, the transformation of parts of speech is always used by translators. So the transformation of parts of speech is playing a more important role in English to Chinese based on different characteristics of English and Chinese. For the above facts, I select the subject of“On Transformation of parts of speech”as the title of my paper.

I hope by studying this topic we can know the importance of the transformation of parts of speech in English to Chinese translation. Through transformation, we can get the better version and improve the translation skills.

The way of thinking and expressing is quite different between Chinese and English. English is a kind of static languages which tends to use more nouns. While Chinese is a dynamic one in which verbs are often used.

So when we make translation in English to Chinese, we should know this point and shift the parts of speech.

Next, it is an outline of my paper. In the main part of this paper, I divide it into five parts.

Part one presents an introduction to the basic concepts of parts of speech and transformation.

Part two discusses the definition of translation and emphasizes the importance of transformation of parts of speech in the course of translation.

Part three gives four basic ways of transformation of parts of speech through illustrative examples. There are transformed English words into Chinese verbs, nouns, adjectives and adverbs.

Part four presents some problems about transformation and gives some advise to solve the problems.

Part five draws some conclusions that transformation between parts of speech is necessary for us to achieve good translation. It is demonstrated that we can have a good master of transformation and improve the translation. In addition, we must continuously study and explore in all kinds of translation practices.

OK! That is all. Thank you! Please ask questions.

Good morning, distinguished professors and teachers, thank you for attending the oral defense. Im xxand come from class xx. My supervisor is professor Li. I would like to express my deepest gratitude to Prof. his consistent guidance and valuable suggestions, I have finished my paper. Now I will present my efforts to you and gratefully welcome any suggestion.

The title of my paper is choose this as my topic due to the following reasons.

Firstly, I am very interested in the study of ambiguity. Ambiguity is a common phenomenon in all natural languages. As is known to all, in our daily conversations, ambiguity is often employed to achieve the effect of humor, thus creating a relaxing atmosphere and letting people feel at ease. Some jokes caused by ambiguity is very interesting.

Secondly, I have read several articles about ambiguity written by linguistics and scholars. I found my knowledge of ambiguity is very limited, superficial and nonsystematic. What I knew is just the tip of the iceberg. So I plan to learn more about ambiguity by this research.

Thirdly, I found many scholars have carried out numerous studies of ambiguity, but a majority of these studies are focused on single language separately. Articles about comparison between English ambiguity and Chinese ambiguity are not sufficient. So it is necessary to make further study.

For the above facts, I select this title.

Next, I will present the outline of my thesis. It consists of 7 parts.

The first part gives a brief introduction to the ambiguity and structure of the thesis.

The second part is literature review, briefly introducing the development of study of ambiguity and some scholarss main views.

The third to fifth parts focus on three types of ambiguity in English and Chinese: phonological ambiguity, lexical ambiguity, syntactic ambiguity. In every broad type, I respectively list some detailed branches and cite some vivid English and Chinese examples to explain these ambiguity phenomena. But I put more focus on the third part and point out two differences of ambiguity between English ambiguity and Chinese ambiguity.

The part six will point out positive results by using ambiguity deliberately in daily conversations, advertisements and literary works.

The last part is the conclusion.

I hope by this contrastive research, we will have a better understanding of ambiguity in English and Chinese and apply it to our life and study.

When reading the final draft, I still find my argument is not so comprehensive and improvements are needed. So welcome your precious suggestion.

Thats all. Thank you.