小妇人论文文献有哪些

女性主义参考书目1、【英】弗吉尼亚·伍尔夫：《妇女与小说》，上海译文出版社1986年版。2、【法】西蒙·波伏娃：《第二性：女人》，桑竹影、南珊译，湖南文艺出版社1986年版。3、孙绍先：《女性主义文学》，辽宁大学出版社1987年版。4、【美】贝蒂·弗里丹：《女性的奥秘》，四川人民出版社1988年版。5、【英】玛丽·伊格尔顿编：《女权主义文学理论》，胡敏等译，湖南文艺出版社1989年版。6、【英】伍尔夫：《一间自己的屋子》，王还译，书店1989年版。7、孟悦、戴锦华：《浮出历史地表》，河南人民出版社1989年版。 8、王绯：《女性与阅读期待》，陕西人民教育出版社1991年版； 9、张京媛主编：《当代女性主义文学批评》，北京大学出版社1992年版。

[1].幼儿园教学活动设计反思的三维框架及其应用.《教育探索》.被北京大学《中文核心期刊要目总览》收录PKU.被南京大学《核心期刊目录》收录CSSCI.2013年10期.甄丽娜.仇晓春.[2].儿童与知识——一个值得反思的幼儿园教学哲学问题.《学前教育研究》.被北京大学《中文核心期刊要目总览》收录PKU.2007年10期.郑三元.[3].完整经验的概念解析及其对幼儿园教学的启示.《学前教育研究》.被北京大学《中文核心期刊要目总览》收录PKU.2013年5期.陈纳.[4].高结构低控制理念在幼儿园教学中的应用及其要求.《学前教育研究》.被北京大学《中文核心期刊要目总览》收录PKU.2013年2期.张玉敏.许卓娅.[5].多媒体技术在幼儿园教学中的运用.《学前教育研究》.被北京大学《中文核心期刊要目总览》收录PKU.2007年6期.周榕.[6].幼儿园集体教学中教师提问的现状及其改进.《学前教育研究》.被北京大学《中文核心期刊要目总览》收录PKU.2011年2期.王春燕.林静峰.[7]."最近发展区"概念解析及其对幼儿园教学的启示.《学前教育研究》.被北京大学《中文核心期刊要目总览》收录PKU.2006年9期.赵南.[8].试论幼儿园教学的游戏化实践策略.《新课程·上旬》.2016年2期.赵彩丽.[9].幼儿园教学从儿童出发:应然与实然之差异.《学前教育研究》.被北京大学《中文核心期刊要目总览》收录PKU.2007年12期.顾荣芳.[10].幼儿园教学活动中游戏精神的探寻与重塑.《学前教育研究》.被北京大学《中文核心期刊要目总览》收录PKU.2010年6期.刘慧.二、幼儿园教学论文参考文献学位论文类[1].幼儿园教学游戏化研究.被引次数：18作者：范元涛.学前教育学西南大学2011（学位年度）[2].幼儿游戏的教学价值及其实现.被引次数：18作者：陈维霞.学前教育学山东师范大学2009（学位年度）[3].多媒体辅助幼儿园教学的现状与对策研究.被引次数：12作者：赵楠.学前教育学东北师范大学2011（学位年度）[4].奥尔夫音乐教育理念下的幼儿音乐教育——以河北师大第二幼儿园教学为例.被引次数：1作者：王芳芝.音乐学河北师范大学2014（学位年度）[5].多媒体技术在幼儿园教学中的应用.被引次数：9作者：何凡.教育·现代教育技术东北师范大学2008（学位年度）[6].言它与言我——幼儿园教学中师幼问答语研究.作者：吴婵.学前教育湖南师范大学2013（学位年度）[7].幼儿园生命关怀教学研究.被引次数：2作者：邵小佩.学前教育学西南大学2012（学位年度）[8].支持儿童带着理论前进——基于儿童朴素生物理论的幼儿园教学.作者：魏婷.课程与教学论四川师范大学2009（学位年度）[9].幼儿园教学用书评价研究——以某省2011版《幼儿园数学活动》为例.作者：陈曼丽.学前教育学哈尔滨师范大学2012（学位年度）[10].精心预设灵动生成——幼儿园教学活动预设与生成之研究.被引次数：2作者：胡冬群.学前教育学湖南师范大学2009（学位年度）三、相关幼儿园教学论文外文参考文献[1]Problemsolvingby56yearsoldkindergartenchildreninacomputerprogrammingenvironment:Acasestudy.G.FessakisE.GouliE.Mavroudi《Computers&education》,被EI收录EI.被SCI收录SCI.2013Apr.[2]InquiryEventsasaToolforChangingScienceTeachingEfficacyBeliefofKindergartenandElementarySchoolTeachers.HaimEshach《Journalofscienceeducationandtechnology》,被SCI收录SCI.20034[3]EverythingINeededtoKnowAboutTeachingILearnedinKindergarten:BringingElementaryEducationTechniquestoUndergraduateComputerScienceClasses.ShannonPollardRobertC.Duvall《SIGCSEbulletin:ACMSIGCSEAnneHaworthHeatherSimmonsLizSchimanskiPamMcGarvaEileenKennedy《Language,cultureandcurriculum》,20091[10]CountingSounds:AnICTMusicalApproachforTeachingtheConceptoftheAngleinKindergarten.Bratitsis,TharrenosTatsis,KonstantinosAmanatidou,Anna2012

幼儿园论文参考文献包括幼儿园的管理幼儿园的培养幼儿园的策划幼儿园的作文等等的幼儿心理这些论文都可以捐助。

1.【英】弗吉尼亚·伍尔夫：《妇女与小说2.【法】西蒙·波伏娃：《第二性：女人》3.孙绍先：《女性主义文学》，辽宁大学出版社1987年版。4、【美】贝蒂·弗里丹：《女性的奥秘》，四川人民出版社1988年版。5、【英】玛丽·伊格尔顿编：《女权主义文学理论》，胡敏等译，湖南文艺出版社1989年版。6、【英】伍尔夫：《一间自己的屋子》，王还译，书店1989年版。7、孟悦、戴锦华：《浮出历史地表》，河南人民出版社1989年版。 8、王绯：《女性与阅读期待》，陕西人民教育出版社1991年版； 9、张京媛主编：《当代女性主义文学批评》，北京大学出版社1992年版。10、【挪威】陶丽·莫依：《性与文本的政治：女性主义文学理论》，林建法等译，长春：时代文艺出版社1992年版。11、刘思谦：《“娜拉”言说——中国现代女作家心路纪程》，上海文艺出版社1993年版。 12、【美】莫瓦：《性别/文本政治》，春风文艺出版社1994年版。 13、康正果：《女权主义与文学》，中国社会科学出版社1994年版。女性主义参考书目14、刘慧英：《走出男权传统的樊篱：文学中男权意识的批判》，北京：书店1995年版。 15、林丹娅：《当代中国女性文学史论》，厦门大学出版社1995年版。 16、林树明：《女性主义文学批评在中国》，贵州人民出版社1995年版。 17、鲍晓兰主编：《西方女性主义研究评介》，北京：书店1995年版。 18、陈顺馨：《中国当代文学的叙事与性别》，北京大学出版社1995年版； 19、荒林：《新潮女性文学导引》，湖南文艺出版社1995年版；20、【德】温德尔：《女性主义神学景观》，习承俊译，北京：书店1995年版。 21、陈惠芬：《神话的窥破——当代中国女性写作研究》，上海社会科学院出版社1996年版。 22、李银河主编：《妇女：最漫长的革命——当代西方女权主义理论精选》，北京：书店，1997年版。23、李银河：《女性权力的崛起》，中国社会科学出版社1997年版。24、【美】克拉夫：《女性主义思想：欲望、权力及学术论述》，夏传位译，台北：巨流图书公司1997年版。25、王政等主编：《社会性别研究选译》，北京：书店1998年版。26、【法】西蒙娜·德·波伏娃：《第二性》，陶铁柱等。

Introductionprint Print document PDF list Cite link LinkLittle WomenLouisa May AlcottThe following entry presents criticism on Alcott's novel Little Women. See also Louisa May Alcott Nineteenth-Century Literary Criticism.What is now known as Little Women includes both the original work by that title and its sequel, Good Wives. Written by Louisa May Alcott in 1868 and 1869 respectively, together these works have been long established as primary within the canon of juvenile literature and are considered by many to be the first children's books in America to break with the didactic tradition. Alcott introduced realism and entertainment to American children's literature, thereby achieving commercial success unknown to her moralizing contemporaries. Little Women is still read worldwide today.Louisa May Alcott was born in Germantown, Pennsylvania in 1832, and raised in Concord, Massachusetts, and Boston. She was the second of four daughters of Abigail May Alcott and Amos Bronson Alcott, a Transcendentalist, educational reformer, and well-known writer. Louisa, though more commercially successful than her father, faced many obstacles to the literary career she envisioned for herself. As a woman writer, she was expected to write sentimental and moralizing tales, and in order to earn a living as a writer, she was expected to cater to the sensational cravings of her audience. Although she did both successfully until her death in 1888, many critics argue that with Little Women, Alcott countered sensationalism with realism and subverted the moralizing purpose she often appeared to embrace.Plot and Major CharactersIn Part I, while Mr. March is away as a volunteer chaplain in the Civil War, the March girls, Meg, Jo, Beth and Amy, embark on "pilgrimages" toward selfimprovement, with the inspiration of John Bunyan's religious allegory, The Pilgrim's Progress (1678). Their journeys, though, are largely determined by their own consciences and will rather than by dogma. Meg learns to overcome her vanity, Jo to overcome excessiveness and temper, Amy, greed and selfishness. Beth is already saintly and seems not to need change, but ironically, it is an act of charity—a visit to a sick infant—which results in the scarlet fever that weakens her health and precipitates her death.Welcomed into this haven are neighbors Theodore Laurence (Laurie) and his grandfather, who are far from stock patriarchal figures; they are, rather, admirers who crave and aspire to the domestic peace enjoyed by the Marches. Laurie and Jo develop a close friendship that intrigued Alcott's readers, but she avoided the conventional romantic plot by refusing to have them marry. Jo, an unconventional girl who thinks of herself as the "man of the house" while her father is away, is more interested in developing her art and financially supporting her family than marrying.Part II of Little Women, originally published separately as Good Wives, focuses on the girls' transitions into adulthood. Meg marries John Brooke, Laurie's tutor—a financially difficult but happy match. Amy loses some of her passion for art and marries Laurie after he has been refused by Jo and has recovered from the blow. Beth dies before she can reach adulthood, but her loss inspires Jo to take up her domestic role. Jo eventually marries Professor Bhaer, a middle-aged academic with whom she shares philosophical interests. They open a boys' school, where she, no longer a tomboy, becomes a mother-figure for the students.Major ThemesAlcott's earlier work, often published under the pseudonym A. M. Barnard, is generally characterized by sensational characters and plots, violence, melodrama, and romance—all consistent with the expectations of her readers. When asked to write a "girl's book," Alcott was yet again forced to write according to others' interests, but in this case she opted for more realism than sensationalism by choosing the only girl-hood she knew for her subject—her own. Based on her life, and that of her sisters, Anna, Elizabeth, and May, Little Women follows the adolescence of the girls into adulthood, captures their private, domestic experience concretely, delineates their matriarchal haven of comfort and frugality, dramatizes their creative play, and explores their struggles to become artists, good sisters, and eventually happy wives. Although the culture of her time demanded that Alcott produce moralizing tales, she displayed a certain amount of resistance to that mandate in Little Women, preaching moderation rather than excessive religious molding. The girls are guided less by rigid moral strictures than by their strong sense of family, sometimes conveyed by words of wisdom from mother Marmee, but more often by a need to get along as a sisterly community. In part II this theme of sisterly love expands to include marriage and the formation of new families, with new roles for the three surviving sisters as good wives. Self-improvement, social responsibility, domestic cooperation, and matriarchal power, as well as the importance of play and artistic development, all serve as prominent themes in Little Women.Critical ReceptionThe influence of Little Women has been vast, but historically limited to a female readership. Early critics received the novel with sentimental praise and an appreciation of Alcott's ability to meet the minds of her child readers, a view shared by Angela Brazil in her 1922 review. In the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries, Alcott was appreciated, like many American women writers, as merely a local colorist with a talent for portraying the domestic sphere concretely. In academia, her novel was studied only by the scholars of children's literature until the 1960s and 1970s, when it came under closer scrutiny by feminist critics, some of whom were frustrated with its outdated sentimentality, others of whom dismissed it because it seems to uphold the traditional separation of men's and women's spheres (public vs. private). In the 1980s, the new emphasis on expanding the canon to include marginalized writers and works associated with popular culture brought more attention to Little Women. It has achieved importance within Women's Studies and the American literary canon in general for its detailed descriptions of nineteenth-century family life and of female struggles for social identity. As Carolyn Heilbrun suggests, Little Women has been particularly influential on female readers in the twentieth century who, craving models of female autonomy, found one, at least briefly, in Alcott's character Jo. Recent critics have continued in this positive vein, calling further attention to the subversive elements in Little Women, recasting Jo as an early feminist who, like her creator, made the most of the limited possibilities open to women in her time.希望对楼主有帮助， 不满意请留言

Alcott prefaces Little Women with an excerpt from John Bunyan’s seventeenth-century work The Pilgrim’s Progress, an allegorical novel about leading a Christian life. Alcott’s story begins with the four March girls—Meg, Jo, Beth, and Amy—sitting in their living room, lamenting their poverty. The girls decide that they will each buy themselves a present in order to brighten their Christmas. Soon, however, they change their minds and decide that instead of buying presents for themselves, they will buy presents for their mother, Marmee. Marmee comes home with a letter from Mr. March, the girls’ father, who is serving as a Union chaplain in the Civil War. The letter inspires the girls to bear their burdens more cheerfully and not to complain about their poverty.On Christmas morning, the girls wake up to find books, probably copies of The Pilgrim’s Progress, under their pillows. Later that day, Marmee encourages them to give away their breakfast to a poor family, the Hummels. Their elderly neighbor, Mr. Laurence, whom the girls have never met, rewards their charitable activities by sending over a feast. Soon, Meg and Jo are invited to attend a New Year’s Party at the home of Meg’s wealthy friend, Sally Gardiner. At the party, Jo retreats to an alcove, and there meets Laurie, the boy who lives with Mr. Laurence. While dancing, Meg sprains her ankle. Laurie escorts the sisters home. The Marches regret having to return to their daily routine after the holiday festivities.Jo visits Laurie when he is sick, and meets his grandfather, Mr. Laurence. She inadvertently insults a painting of Mr. Laurence in front of the man himself. Luckily, Laurie’s grandfather admires Jo’s spunk, and they become friends. Soon, Mr. Laurence meets all the sisters, and Beth becomes his special favorite. Mr. Laurence gives her his deceased granddaughter’s piano.The girls have various adventures. Amy is caught trading limes at school, and the teacher hits her as punishment. As a result, Mrs. March withdraws her daughter from school. Jo refuses to let Amy go with her to the theater. In retaliation, Amy burns Jo’s manuscript, and Jo, in her anger, nearly lets Amy drown while ice-s-kating. Pretty Meg attends her friend Annie Moffat’s party and, after allowing the other girls to dress her up in high style, learns that appearances are not everything. While at the party, she hears that people think she intends to marry Laurie for his money.That year, the Marches form the Pickwick Club, in which they write a family newspaper. In the spring, Jo smuggles Laurie into one of the club meetings, and he becomes a member, presenting his new circle with a postbox. At the beginning of June, the Marches decide to neglect their housework. At the end of a lazy week, Marmee takes a day off too. The girls spoil a dinner, but everyone ends up laughing over it. One day, Laurie has English friends over, and the Marches go on a picnic with them. Later, Jo gets a story published for the first time.One dark day, the family receives a telegram saying that Mr. March is sick in the hospital in Washington, D.C. Marmee goes to tend to him, and Jo sells her hair to help finance the trip. Chaos ensues in Marmee’s wake, for the girls neglect their chores again. Only Beth goes to visit the Hummels, and after one of her visits, she contracts scarlet fever from the Hummel baby. Beth teeters on the brink of death until Marmee returns. Meanwhile, Amy spends time at Aunt March’s house in order to escape the disease. Beth recovers, though not completely, and Mr. Brooke, Laurie’s tutor, falls in love with Meg, much to Jo’s dismay. Mr. Brooke and Meg are engaged by the end of Part One. Three years pass before Part Two begins. Mr. March is home from the war, and Laurie is nearly done with school. Soon, Meg marries and moves into a new home with Mr. Brooke. One day, Amy decides to have a lunch for her art school classmates, but poor weather ruins the festivities. Jo gets a novel published, but she must cut it down in order to please her publishers. Meanwhile, Meg struggles with the duties of keeping house, and she soon gives birth to twins, Demi and Daisy. Amy gets to go to Paris instead of Jo, who counted on the trip, because their Aunt Carroll prefers Amy’s ladylike behavior in a companion.Jo begins to think that Beth loves Laurie. In order to escape Laurie’s affections for her, Jo moves to New York so as to give Beth a chance to win his affections. There Jo meets Professor Bhaer, a poor German language instructor. Professor Bhaer discourages Jo from writing sensationalist stories, and she takes his advice and finds a simpler writing style. When Jo returns home, Laurie proposes to her, but she turns him down. Beth soon dies.Amy and Laurie reunite in France, and they fall in love. They marry and return home. Jo begins to hope that Professor Bhaer will come for her. He does, and they marry a year later. Amy and Laurie have a daughter named Beth, who is sickly. Jo inherits Plumfield, Aunt March’s house, and decides to turn it into a boarding school for boys. The novel ends with the family happily gathered together, each sister thankful for her blessings and for each other.