诗歌野金银花论文的参考文献

In this poem the poet expressed a keen awareness of the loveliness and transience of nature.1.He not only meditated on mortality but also celebrated nature.It implies that life and death are inevitable law of nature, "the wild honey suckle"is Philip Freneau's most widely read natureal lyric with the theme of transience.2.The poem express the poet's view about the writing material of American writors.In the author's opinion, the origin land in America was fiiled with beauty and myth,which could compete with the rilics of Europ.It revealed on the basis of American beauty, the American writor can produce good works.

The central image is a nativewild flower,which makes a drastic difference from elite flower images typical of tradition english poems. The poem showed strong feelings for the natural beauty,which was the characteristic of romantic poets.

The poem was written in regular 6-line tetrameter stanzas,rhyming:ababcc .The structure of the poem is regular,so it has the neoclassic quality of proportion and balance. Alliteration ,assonance,masculine rhyme used in the poem also produce musical or melodious and harmonious,which matches the beautyof the flower,the beauty of poem is partly ambodied in the effects created through changes in the rhythm. The poem contains iambics trochaics and spondee. The arrangement of stressed and unstressed syllables suggests the transience of the life of the flower and the poet's emotional change.the poem is full of sensuous images such as fair flower visual image,comely grow kinasthetic image and honeyed blossoms olfactory image.All the images make us feel pity for the beautiful flower which has only a short life. The line"the sapace is but an hour"contains a hyperbole stressing and transience of life. The tone of the poem is both sentimental and optimistic.

This is one of the most quoted works of Freneau. It was written in 1786 with 6 lines for each stanza and a rhyme scheme of ababcc which sounds just like musiC.Stanza 1: The first stanza of the poem shows the advantages and also the dis advantages of the flower's modest retirement-it is designed with beauty a nd well potected in solitude; whereas its beauty might be admired by few ·Stanza 2: This stanza suggested that the honey suckle bears a special relatio nship with nature which has advised it to keep away from the "vulgar eye"; Nature has designed it in white-a color of simplicity and purity,and it has S ent the soft waters flowing gently by. Howerer, in spite of all the nature's kindness, the flower cannot escape its doom. The best time of its life is fading, for death is waiting.Stanza 3: Here reveals the indifference of nature-the "upitying frost" are as much a part of nature as the "soft water". Thus we can see that the notion that nature has provided a 'guardian shade" for the protection of the honey suckle is a sentimental fancy. Actualy, it is relative, but death is absolute.Stanza 4: In this stanza, the poet sees his fate or life mirrored in that of the flower. Human beings, as any other creatures or flowers, are a part of nature. They originated from nature and will surely return to nature some day, that is why we say "no loss"In this poem, the lyric beauty, the heartfelt pathos, and the multiple emotional responses and echoes that the sight described are simply amazing. Here we can see the poet enjoys the beauty that the American landscape is capable of offering.The poem offers in a tangential way a vision of an abundant America with the potential for providing a good life for all. Meanwhile, the poem is also an indication of Freneau's dedication to American subject matter as he examined peculiarly American characteristics of te countryside.作为美国18世纪最出色的诗人，菲利普．弗瑞诺是新古典主义和浪漫主义之间的一个重要过渡人物。他的作品深深地滋润了后半个世纪的浪漫主义文人。1786年所写的《野忍冬花》，赫然地体现了他的创作作风，属于美国抒怀文学的珍宝。●奇丽而安静，是“美妙的花”的品质，也是大地发明的品质。她有着“甜蜜的花”跟“飘扬的渺小花枝”，但却没人亲昵，也没人欣赏。这多少显出了些许寂寥，但这寂寥同时也是幸运的，由于“没游来荡去的脚来 你踩碎，／没东攀西摘的手来催你落泪”。大自然要用树与柔波来将你细细庇护。●历经夏天、秋风和寒霜，这污浊的美终将消逝、萎蔫、安眠，对此，诗人备感销魂与疼爱，但同时诗人又想到当初“向阳和晚露”让“这小小的生命来到世上”，实在已划定了她的终局，只不外是让她回到了先前。所以，“本来若乌有，就没什么可失去”◇这一句就显得很主要，它把前面的所见、所感、所悟，稀释为一个惊人的表述：无中生有，有终将归于无，这是大做作部署的“天年”，生与逝世是无奈回避的天然法令，你还有担忧失去的必要或理由吗？●整首诗分为四节，第一节重要通过视觉描摹野忍冬花的品德，从“寂静烦闷”中，可看出“野”，从四个“没”中，可看出“忍”一对安静的忍受。野、忍作为诗眼，在第一节就被点出。第二小节由视觉描摹转入观感，答复了冬花之所以野、忍的起因。如果说第三节是因野忍冬花不可防止的消失而激动的话，第四节就转入了感性的思考，这种思考因野忍冬花而起，却已通过关系设想隐喻了伊甸园中的花儿，“别的那些花儿"，所有的花儿，乃至大天然中的所有性命体的运气。●这是位了不起的诗人，想象与思考的品质在他那里同样杰出。他擅长捕获昙花一现的遐思，在遐思中吐露出对自然的酷爱与憧憬和自然神论的颜色。他与物直接交换的方法，他“惊花落泪”式的浪漫主义豪情，唤起了咱们对大自然原初的感情和立场。我们不得不信服诗人领悟自然的出色才能，他仿佛能将纯粹的自然和腐化的自然区离开来，他好像能居心灵的耳朵凝听到花儿静静地开放的愉悦和悄悄地消逝的轻叹。

《野金银花》是Freneau在南卡罗莱纳州查尔斯顿散步时，看到一簇幽生的金银花，于是便有感而发，将这首短诗一气呵成。诗人以敏锐的观察力、浅俗的词汇、优美的旋律和清晰的意象，细腻生动地描写了盛开于北美大地不为人们注意的野金银花。

此诗分为两大部分，前两节写景，后两节抒情。写景以抒情为目的，抒情以写景为背景，两部分互为烘托，成为不可分割的整体。诗人以惊喜的目光看到自然界神奇的产物时，心中涌动的是对大自然无限的崇拜之情。

如果说“绿荫”指的是未受人类文明侵犯的新大陆处女地的话，那些“美丽的金银花”则应是大自然创作的生命的具体体现。诗人用浅显的文字勾画出一片繁荣祥和的景象，在对生命的赞叹中，流露出返璞归真、崇尚自然的情节，充满了浪漫主义情调和理想主义色彩。

然而，Freneau的过人之处，不仅在于他具有诗人的敏感，而且在于他同时具有哲人的睿智。诗人先是描写外界景物，然后直接联系到自己，联系到人类，并将人与自然融为一体，以自然规律来感染读者。所以，诗人从第三小节开始笔锋一转。显然，诗人对大自然的神奇力量由崇拜转为迷惑，怀着惋惜忐忑的心情联想到生命的无奈和大自然的无情，开始了对生命本质的思考。

因此，在第四小节，诗人对主题进一步挖掘。至此，Freneau借助金银花的荣枯阐述了自己毫不掩饰的自然观：万物有生必有死，有荣必有枯，花开花落，四季转换乃自然界的规律，这一规律是不以人的意志为转移的，是人类无法抗拒的。自然界万物的生生息息乃自然的神力所造就，是人类无法左右的。因而，对于花的荣枯，人的生死，人类大可不必为之伤情。正如中国的一句古语，人“生不带来死不带去”。诗人高歌：“不曾拥有，何曾失去”，足以说明诗人对生命本质有了明确的认识后，走出困惑，最终达到一种豁达乐观的境界。

Freneau以他对美洲大地的深厚感情和洞若幽微的感受力，通过对金银花的生长环境及其盛衰变迁的描述，抒发了他对短暂人生的感叹，使本诗在清丽的意境和浓郁的美洲大地的乡土气息中加入一层哲理的思考。诗歌的最后四句，似对花说，又似诗人自然自语，令人颇为回味，乃整首诗歌的点睛之笔。人无异于花草，两者都发端于“一块共同的泥土”，并无法回避“一把黄土葬其身”的最终结局。

美是那么短暂，人生或许亦莫过于此吧。言尽而意犹存，让人怅然若失。诗人记录了他对生命的感触，揭示生命的本质，借此提醒读者，生命因其短暂而宝贵无价。虽然生命只是从生到死的一个过程，但依然有许多令人心快的绮丽风光，有许多值得人们为之奋斗拼搏的美好事物。珍惜生命才是真正地享受生命。尽管生命是有限的，却要在这有限的生命中，尽可能绽放它，满怀热情，悟彻人生的实质。就如同任何一种像野金银花的花卉不会因为最终的凋零而拒绝开放，人类也不应该因为生命最终的结局是死亡就放弃对生命的珍爱。

这首诗中，Freneau以抒情的色调描绘和讴歌了大自然的瑰丽，同时又揭示出自然界的萧杀冷酷和生命无奈短暂的本质；既有浪漫主义情调，又不乏意象主义的意味，的确不失为一首上乘之作。

拓展资料：

The Wild Honey-Suckle  野金银花

By Philip Freneau

Fair flower, that dost so comely grow,

Hid in this silent, dull retreat,

美丽的金银花，

你粲然绽放于幽静一角。

Untouched thy honied blossoms blow,

芳菲满枝，无人垂顾，

Unseen thy little branches greet;

迎风起舞，无人注目。

...No roving foot shall crush thee here,

游子从不践踏你的玉体，

...No busy hand provoke a tear.

过客从不催落你的泪滴。

By Nature's self in white arrayed,

造化令你素裹银妆，

She bade thee shun the vulgar eye,

你得以远离庸人的目光。

And planted here the gaurdian shade,

她赐予你一片绿阴葱葱，

And sent soft waters murmuring by;

她带给你一泓流水淙淙。

...Thus quietly thy summer goes,

恬静的夏日倏然流淌，

...Thy days declinging to repose.

你终于红衰翠减，玉陨香消。

Smit with those charms, that must decay,

妩媚动人，你却无法盛颜久长，

I grieve to see your future doom;

落红满地，你令我黯然神伤。

They died--nor were those flowers more gay,

纵然在伊甸乐园，人间天堂，

The flowers that did in Eden bloom;

也难免一日凋零，满目凄凉。

...Unpitying frosts, and Autumn's power

萧瑟秋风，凄白秋霜，

...Shall leave no vestige of this flower.

你终于消失得无影无踪。

From morning suns and evenign dews

朝霞暮露，

At first thy little being came:

孕育了你娇小的身躯。

If nothing once, you nothing lose,

你从尘土来，又归尘土去，

For when you die you are the same;

来时一无所有，去时化作尘土，

...The space between, is but an hour,

可叹生命苦短，

...The frail duration of a flower.

你终究红消香断。