论文开头的英文是什么

introduction是引言、前言。引言是论文的开头部分，主要说明论文写作的目的、现实意义、对所研究问题的认识，并提出论文的中心论点等。前言要写得简明扼要，篇幅不要太长。写作要点：（1）说明论文的主题、范围和目的。（2）说明本研究的起因、背景及相关领域简要历史回顾。（前人做了哪些工作、哪些尚未解决、目前进展到何种程度等）（3）预期结果或本研究意义。（4）引言一般不分段，长短视论文内容而定，涉及基础研究的论文引言较长，临床病例分析宜短。扩展资料引言写作方法（1）开门见山，避免大篇幅地讲述历史渊源和立题研究过程。（2）言简意赅，突出重点。回顾历史要有重点，内容要紧扣文章标题，围绕标题介绍背景，用几句话概括即可。可适当引用过去的文献内容，但不要长篇罗列，不能把前言写成该研究的历史发展；不要把前言写成文献小综述，更不要去重复说明那些教科书上已有，或本领域研究人员所共知的常识性内容。（3）在提示所用的方法时，不要求写出方法、结果，不要展开讨论。（4）尊重科学，实事求是。评价论文的价值要恰如其分、实事求是，用词要科学。对本文的创新性最好不要使用“本研究国内首创、首次报道”、“填补了国内空白”、“有很高的学术价值”、“本研究内容国内未见报道”或“本研究处于国内外领先水平”等不适当的自我评语。（5）前言的内容不应与摘要雷同，不用客套话。避免“才疏学浅”、“水平有限”、“恳请指正”、“抛砖引玉”之类的语言。（6）最好不分段论述，不要插图、列表，不进行公式的推导与证明。（7）篇幅一般不要太长，太长可致读者乏味，太短则不易交待清楚，一篇3000-5000字的论文，引言字数一般掌握在200-250字为宜。参考资料来源：百度百科-论文引言

introduction主要是对整篇论文的一个介绍，主要包括论文的结构，所包括的主要内容。读者看完你的introduction后就知道你的论文包括了什么。一般情况下包括一下几个方面：指出写这篇论文的背景，指的是现实环境应用环境，有了这个背景引出你的论文。你所写论文的这个课题存在有着哪些问题以及所面临怎样的挑战。根据上面所提出的问题前人有什么样的解决方案，但是有哪些不足的方面。根据你所指出的不足提出你自己的解决方案，要有自己的观点在里头。这篇文章完成后对社会以及个人有着怎样的现实意义，也就是说有怎样的贡献。简要将一下将会取得怎样的结果，指的是积极效果。所以说当读者看完你的introduction后就知道你的论文写了什么。

Listening comprehension is probably the most difficult task for almost all learners of English as a foreign So, now you know you are not alone!The most important thing is to listen, and that means as often as The next step is to find listening This is where the Internet really comes in handy as a tool for English StrategiesOnce you have begun to listen on a regular basis, you might still be grustrated by limited What should you do?Here is some of the advice I give my students:●Accept the face that you are not going to understand ●Keep cool when you do not understand- even if you continue to not understand for a long ●Do not translate into your native ●Listen for the gist of the Don’t concentrate on detail until you have understood the main Translating creates a barrier between yourself and the person who is speakingWhile you are listening to another person speaking a foreign language, the temptation is to immediately translate into your native This temptation becomes much stronger when you hear a word you don’t This is only natural as we want to understand everything that is However, when you translate into your native language, you are taking the focus of your attention away from the speaker and concentrating on the translation process taking place in your This would be fine if you could put the speaker on In real life, however, the person continues taking while you This situation obviously leads to less- not more – I have discovered that translation leads to a kind of block in my brain which sometimes doesn’t allow me to understand anything at all!

名词 介绍;正式引见[U][C][P1]He was shaking her hand before I could finish the 未等我介绍完,他就在握她的手了。 引进,传入[U][(+of/to/into)]The government saw the introduction of new technology as 政府认为引进新技术至关重要。 采用;被采用的东西;引种[U][C]Television is a later introduction than 电视的使用迟于无线电。 引言,序言;序论[C][(+to)]入门(书)[C][(+to)]an Introduction to Biochemistry 《生物化学入门》 序曲[C]