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应该符合你的要求.第一段是总体介绍和写作背景,第二段是内容概括以及作品影响.不需要再去参考资料中找. Little Women is a novel published in 1868 and written by American author Louisa May Alcott. The story concerns the lives and loves of four sisters growing up during the American Civil War. It was based on Alcott's own experiences as a child in Concord, Massachusetts with her three sisters, Anna, May, and Elizabeth. Little Women is the story of The Marches, a family used to hard toil and suffering. Although Father March is away with the Union armies, the sisters Meg, Jo, Amy and Beth keep in high spirits with their mother, affectionately named Marmee. Their friendly gift of a Christmas holiday breakfast to a neighbouring family is an act of generosity rewarded with wealthy Mr. Laurence's gift of a surprise Christmas feast. However, despite their efforts to be good, the girls show faults: the pretty Meg becomes discontented with the children she teaches; boyish Jo loses her temper regularly; while the golden-haired schoolgirl Amy is inclined towards affectation. However, Beth, who keeps the house is always kind and gentle. After certain happy times winning over the Laurences, dark times arrive as Marmee finds out about her husband's illness. Worse is to come as Beth contracts scarlet fever in her Samaritan efforts for a sick neighbour and becomes more or less an invalid. The novel tells of their progress into young womanhood with the additional strains of romance, Beth's terminal illness, the pressures of marriage and the outside world. This is the story of their growing maturity and wisdom and the search for the contentedness of family life. It was written in 1867 and is a fictionalised biography of Alcott and her sisters. It has become a much loved classic tale and, while some of its issues seem outdated, many of the trials of the sisters are all too relevant today as evidenced by its continued following.
是美国女作家路易莎·梅·奥尔科特根据对自己的家庭及成长过程的回忆，是一本小说化的家庭日记，一本道德家世小说。书中描写了一个家庭中四个迥异的女儿的成长历程。她们经历了一连串的生离死别与生活的磨炼，并在母亲的爱心教导下，终于脱去幼稚的外衣，发挥着各自所长走向成熟。马奇家四姐妹对自立的权力的追求以及她们对家庭的忠诚眷顾构成了一对贯穿全书的矛盾，使故事熠熠生辉，情节生动感人。梅格可以如何高贵、虚荣，却仍然属于马奇家的一员？乔的创造力和躁动的感情可以去到什么程度，而不至于扰乱家庭的安宁，贝思可以如何忘我无私，同时又得以生存下去？艾美可以表现得如何优雅、自私，却仍然得到家人的爱？四姐妹明智、自由地选择了自己的生活道路，她们的归宿虽然各不相同，但都是自强自立精神的结果。马奇家四姐妹对自主权力的追求，以及她们对家庭的忠诚眷顾，成为贯穿全书的两条主要线索《小妇人》一书，处处都受美国著名思想家爱默生的影响。爱默生强调人的个性与尊严，但又主张自我约束。而自立自强却是本书人物性格的共同点，梅格为爱而甘于贫困，乔通过自己的艰苦奋斗而最后成为作家，贝思坦然面对死亡以及以扶弱济困为已任的艾米，她们都具有这样的精神实质。
Family Love Family love --Book review:“Little Women” Would you feel disappointed if you were in a poor family?Would you just complain that what you had was much less than others?Or would you cry over your shabby house? Maybe your answer is yes.But the Marches,the characters in Little Women by American writer Louisa M.Alcott,tell me more and show me the great love of their family. There is no doubt that the Marches are poor.The daughters can’t afford fashionable clothes as the richer girls and they can’t even have a big meal on Christmas.However,on hearing that a woman with her family is in greater poverty,they offer their food without any hesitation.I think it’s because they are always grateful for what they have that they are always willing to give rather than to receive.So selfless and warm-hearted are they that they have von people’s respect and can stay happy in spite of poverty. I am quite concerned when reading the part that Jo and Amy have words with each other.To make matters worse,the quarrel caused an accident in which Amy nearly loses her life.Will they keep enraged for a long time?To my surprise,Jo,who is always proud soon confesses her fault and apologizes to Amy.The sisters kiss and make up happily.I am deeply touched and their movements teach me how important forgiveness is.I am sure never would the family members hurt one another.They are just like birds and devote all their love to warm their common nest. I am impressed how strong the family are when they hear the news that Father is seriously ill in the front.Mrs March calms down and hurries to the hospital at once although her face is as pale as a sheet, and the girls carry their burdens well after Mother leaves although they are just in their teens.The whole family’s courage has entirely inspired me.One thing’s for sure:they will support the home persistently no matter what difficulties they face. When it comes to Beth’s death,I am as good as crying in tears.It comes as a surprise to me that the family make their peace with that.They neither moan nor cry in despair although they actually suffer great sorrow.I know though little Beth passes away in Marmee’s arms,the lovely girl will live in the family’s hearts forever.Only with deep love for Beth can the family bear her death so calmly.I am convinced that their love has surpassed death and will go well throughout eternity. I am lost in thoughts after finishing reading the book.The Marches are enviable.They are lacking in necessities of life but rich in spirit.Besides,they make me realize the saying “East or west,home is best”.There is always a strong sense of home and peace filling their cozy room.Whatever hard things they meet,they will keep a positive outlook and finally overcome them.They have successfully defeated poverty,illnesses and so on with loving hearts.Probably that’s why the book Little Women has moved a number of readers and has become one of the greatest works of American literature. I have learned much from the book.It tells me how to get on well with my family.Similar to the Marches,there are three girls and loving parents in my family.It’s true that none of us is perfect.Sometimes I get angry with my sisters or parents over a little thing,and sometimes Mum and Dad criticize us for doing something terrible.However,I find it so easy to live a happy life with them as long as I learn to be selfless,tolerant and optimistic as the Marches are.Surely I with my family will fight against many difficulties in life.Anyway,we strongly hold the belief that with love,we will never give up hope.Even if we lose everything,we know we still have one another and then we are able to go through life bravely. Cold or hot,dusk or dawn,the most important place at the bottom of our hearts is our family.As the book says,nothing in the world is cozier than sitting by the flickering lights of the fireplace in our home. 家庭的爱 书评：——“小妇人” 你觉得如果你是在disappointed可怜的家庭吗?你只是说你有多complain是小于其他人吗?你或你哭过的破旧的房子吗? 也许你的答案是是的.但市场的特点,在由美国《小妇人作者奥尔科特路易莎·告诉我,告诉我更多和他们的家庭的伟大的爱. 毫无疑问,市场有一个女儿是可怜的.能不能负担得起一个时装的女孩和他们的富裕,甚至有一个大的CAN’T在线圣诞餐,但是在线听力与她的家庭的女人,一个是在更大的贫困,他们没有提供任何食品hesitation他们.我认为这是因为他们永远感激他们,他们所拥有的,而不是总是愿意给接收系统和热心肠的í.他们是,他们有一个CAN（People’s尊重和快乐尽管在贫困中. 我很关心的是当阅读的部分的话,乔和艾米有一个彼此,让问题更糟,在这一事故引起的争吵,她几乎失去了艾米将继续他们的生活.enraged是长时间?我惊喜,乔,谁是她总是很骄傲的忏悔和对故障的apologizes艾米姐妹亲吻和化妆.我是幸福的.在我接触过的知识和他们的运动是一个重要的forgiveness教.我相信不会伤害另一个家庭的成员.他们就像鸟和投入他们的所有的爱他们共暖巢. 我的家庭是如何强impressed当他们听到这一新闻：父亲马奇太太不在前线.hurries calms下来到医院一次,虽然她的脸是苍白的女孩的板,和他们的母亲进行事件的处理叶片后,虽然他们是好的只是在他们的整个家庭的青少年.蛛网膜下腔出血（SAH）的启发,我完全的勇气.一件事是确定的：他们将在家persistently支持他们所面对的困难问题. 当它来贝丝的死亡,我哭泣的泪水中好令人惊讶的.它给我吃的,让他们的家庭和他们不这样的.虽然他们的绝望呻吟哭泣,其实也在遭受大的悲伤.我知道,妈妈,但贝丝的传球在小武器的,可爱的女孩Will Live in the Family’s与深爱的心永远是什么.只有她的死亡是可以calmly熊家族乐队.我是说他们的爱情有convinced surpassed死亡与永恒,在永恒之井. 我是迷失在思想的图书阅读后完成.这是enviable游行.他们缺乏生活日用品中最丰富的精神.此外,他们会说“我在东或西,家庭是最好的永远是“有意识的.there和平舒适的家庭和他们的任何硬填充他们的房间.会上,他们将继续他们的前景正和最后胜利,他们已经成功地战败的贫困,疾病和可能与操作系统在线爱的心.这就是为什么《小妇人》有一些移动阅读器和一个最伟大的作品已经成为美国文学. 我有一个从书中得到的多.它告诉我如何上好与我的家族.类似的游行,有三个女孩和父母的爱在我的family.it’s true,我们不是完美的.有时我得到了我的姐妹或者父母的愤怒上的小东西,有时妈妈和爸爸批评美国在做 可怕的东西.然而,我发现它是很容易的生活快乐的生活与他们的学习是龙一的胸怀和乐观í,游行是我和我的家族,一定会打击很多生活中的困难.无论如何,我们的信念,保持强烈的爱,我们永远不会放弃希望即使我们失去一切,我们知道,我们仍然有另一个,然后我们能够bravely去通过生活.冷或热,黄昏或黎明的地方,最重要的是在我们的心上,我们的家族.《书说,没有什么比坐在舒适的世界是由flickering fireplace灯在我们的家庭. 双语对照
《小妇人》出版后成为公认的美国名著，100多年以来，一直受到热烈的欢迎。我为大家带来几篇《小妇人》读后感供大家阅读。下面是我为你们整理的内容，希望你们喜欢。 小妇人读后感英文版篇1
Under the formidable war background, concerns national and collective destiny and the honor time, individual all are such not worthy of mentioning. Perhaps gradually will retreat its trace to a national war along with the years, but to an ordinary ordinary person, a bullet sufficiently will change his only life.
I think perhaps the man most sorrowful is inside this actor's final feeling, originally is most own two people simultaneously leaves himself.
" A FAREWELL TO ARMS " this novel quite successful, makes one feel clear credible, this is and the author has attended the First World War personally, and has been seriously injured, has stayed in the hospital, has the personal life to experience and directly felts the experience not to be able to separate. In performance method, what the author uses is the Chinese reader very familiar novel skill, namely lets character own words and deeds move the reader, but does not make any discussion, he is also good at causing the scenery and the plot, the character organically fuses in together, achieves serves the plot, character's positive effect. The novel is popular in the language aspect writing, uses some basic vocabularies, the sentence type to be simple mostly, mostly uses Jian Danju. Anglicizing, is very good, therefore is good for both young and old, appeals to both cultured and popular tastes, this is the artistic achievement which this novel obtains.
" A FAREWELL TO ARMS "opposed that war’s distinct subject and the mature artistic skill have had the emormous influence,the greatest degree had reflected after First World War,a youth generation the mood which visits the fear and is at a loss,is all the rage the world very quickly.
小妇人读后感英文版篇2
Today, i have read the book "Little Women" .The deepest feeling is it is simple to be happy! Happiness is kinship, friendship, health, labor and peace of mind. Having it, people just feel no
怎么写开题报告呢？首先要把在准备工作当中搜集的资料整理出来，包括课题名称、课题内容、课题的理论依据、参加人员、组织安排和分工、大概需要的时间、经费的估算等等。第一是标题的拟定。课题在准备工作中已经确立了，所以开题报告的标题是不成问题的，把你研究的课题直接写上就行了。比如我曾指导过一组同学对伦教的文化诸如“伦教糕”、伦教木工机械、伦教文物等进行研究，拟定的标题就是“伦教文化研究”。第二就是内容的撰写。开题报告的主要内容包括以下几个部分：一、课题研究的背景。 所谓课题背景，主要指的是为什么要对这个课题进行研究，所以有的课题干脆把这一部分称为“问题的提出”，意思就是说为什么要提出这个问题，或者说提出这个课题。比如我曾指导的一个课题“伦教文化研究”，背景说明部分里就是说在改革开放的浪潮中，伦教作为珠江三角洲一角，在经济迅速发展的同时，她的文化发展怎么样，有哪些成就，对居民有什么影响，有哪些还要改进的。当然背景所叙述的内容还有很多，既可以是社会背景，也可以是自然背景。关键在于我们所确定的课题是什么。二、课题研究的内容。课题研究的内容，顾名思义，就是我们的课题要研究的是什么。比如我校黄姝老师的指导的课题“佛山新八景”，课题研究的内容就是：“以佛山新八景为重点，考察佛山历史文化沉淀的昨天、今天、明天，结合佛山经济发展的趋势，拟定开发具有新佛山、新八景、新气象的文化旅游的可行性报告及开发方案。”三、课题研究的目的和意义。课题研究的目的，应该叙述自己在这次研究中想要达到的境地或想要得到的结果。比如我校叶少珍老师指导的“重走长征路”研究课题，在其研究目标一栏中就是这样叙述的：1、通过再现长征历程，追忆红军战士的丰功伟绩，对长征概况、长征途中遇到了哪些艰难险阻、什么是长征精神，有更深刻的了解和感悟。2、通过小组同学间的分工合作、交流、展示、解说，培养合作参与精神和自我展示能力。3、通过本次活动，使同学的信息技术得到提高，进一步提高信息素养。四、课题研究的方法。在“课题研究的方法”这一部分，应该提出本课题组关于解决本课题问题的门路或者说程序等。一般来说，研究性学习的课题研究方法有：实地调查考察法(通过组织学生到所研究的处所实地调查，从而得出结论的方法)、问卷调查法（根据本课题的情况和自己要了解的内容设置一些问题，以问卷的形式向相关人员调查的方法）、人物采访法（直接向有关人员采访，以掌握第一手材料的方法）、文献法（通过查阅各类资料、图表等,分析、比较得出结论）等等。在课题研究中，应该根据自己课题的实际情况提出相关的课题研究方法，不一定面面俱到，只要实用就行。五、课题研究的步骤。课题研究的步骤，当然就是说本课题准备通过哪几步程序来达到研究的目的。所以在这一部分里应该着重思考的问题就是自己的课题大概准备分几步来完成。一般来说课题研究的基本步骤不外乎是以下几个方面：准备阶段、查阅资料阶段、实地考察阶段、问卷调查阶段、采访阶段、资料的分析整理阶段、对本课题的总结与反思阶段等。六、课题参与人员及组织分工。这属于对本课题研究的管理范畴，但也不可忽视。因为管理不到位，学生不能明确自己的职责，有时就会偷懒或者互相推诿，有时就会做重复劳动。因此课题参与人员的组织分工是不可少的。最好是把所有的参与研究的学生分成几个小组，每个小组通过民主选举的方式推选出小组长，由小组长负责本小组的任务分派和落实。然后根据本课题的情况，把相关的研究任务分割成几大部分，一个小组负责一个部分。最后由小组长组织人员汇总和整理。七、课题的经费估算。一个课题要开展，必然需要一些经费来启动，所以最后还应该大概地估算一下本课题所需要 的资金是多少，比如搜集资料需要多少钱，实地调查的外出经费，问卷调查的印刷和分发的费用，课题组所要占用的场地费，有些课题还需要购买一些相关的材料，结题报告等资料的印刷费等等。所谓“大军未动，粮草先行”，没有足够的资金作后盾，课题研究势必举步维艰，捉襟见肘，甚至于半途而废。因此，课题的经费也必须在开题之初就估算好，未雨绸缪，才能真正把本课题的研究做到最好。
能看看你当时写的开题报告吗 做个参考
这个 我可以写 按照老师的要求来写 包通过 包修改↓↓↓↓↓下面可以找到我
你好~！ 在露易莎·梅·奥尔科特的著名小说《小妇人》中，女主人公乔拒绝了完美的邻家男孩——洛里的爱，而嫁给了父辈的贝尔教授。这个令人伤感的结局给一代代的读者们带来了无穷遗憾，也引起了批评家们的激烈争论。本文认为，她的拒绝不仅来自于她的叛逆性格，她对自由、女性空间和男性力量的深切而本能的欲望，而且来自于她偏执狂般的维护一个充满慈爱、自我满足的女性社区的欲望。她的拒绝是自我挫败式的，但也确实张扬了自己的个性。故事的结局是一个叛逆和现实之间对抗的无奈的妥协。。。。 。。。更多资源来自：
这部小说[2]以家庭生活为描写对象，以家庭成员的感情纠葛为线索，描写了马奇一家的天伦之爱。马奇家的四姐妹中，无论是为了爱情甘于贫困的梅格，还是通过自己奋斗成为作家的乔，以及坦然面对死亡的贝思和以扶弱为己任的艾美，虽然她们的理想和命运都不尽相同，但是她们都具有自强自立的共同特点。描写了她们对家庭的眷恋；对爱的忠诚以及对亲情的渴望。 小妇人所有时代的少女成长过程中所要面对与经历的，都可以在这本书中找到：初恋的甜蜜和烦恼，感情与理智的差异，理想和现实的距离，贫穷与富有的矛盾。《小妇人》故事情节简单真实，却感人至深，问世一百多年以来，多次被搬上银幕，并被译成各种文字，成为世界文学宝库中的经典名作。书中描写的种种情感体验和生活经历，都曾经、正在并将要发生在每一个少女走向成熟的过程之中；书中提倡善良、忠诚、无私、慷慨、尊严、宽容、坚韧、勇敢、亦是人类永远尊崇和追求的美德和信仰。所有这些，赋予这本书超越时代和国度的生命力，这也正是她成为不朽的经典的魅力和原因所在。
Alcott prefaces Little Women with an excerpt from John Bunyan’s seventeenth-century work The Pilgrim’s Progress, an allegorical novel about leading a Christian life. Alcott’s story begins with the four March girls—Meg, Jo, Beth, and Amy—sitting in their living room, lamenting their poverty. The girls decide that they will each buy themselves a present in order to brighten their Christmas. Soon, however, they change their minds and decide that instead of buying presents for themselves, they will buy presents for their mother, Marmee. Marmee comes home with a letter from Mr. March, the girls’ father, who is serving as a Union chaplain in the Civil War. The letter inspires the girls to bear their burdens more cheerfully and not to complain about their poverty.On Christmas morning, the girls wake up to find books, probably copies of The Pilgrim’s Progress, under their pillows. Later that day, Marmee encourages them to give away their breakfast to a poor family, the Hummels. Their elderly neighbor, Mr. Laurence, whom the girls have never met, rewards their charitable activities by sending over a feast. Soon, Meg and Jo are invited to attend a New Year’s Party at the home of Meg’s wealthy friend, Sally Gardiner. At the party, Jo retreats to an alcove, and there meets Laurie, the boy who lives with Mr. Laurence. While dancing, Meg sprains her ankle. Laurie escorts the sisters home. The Marches regret having to return to their daily routine after the holiday festivities.Jo visits Laurie when he is sick, and meets his grandfather, Mr. Laurence. She inadvertently insults a painting of Mr. Laurence in front of the man himself. Luckily, Laurie’s grandfather admires Jo’s spunk, and they become friends. Soon, Mr. Laurence meets all the sisters, and Beth becomes his special favorite. Mr. Laurence gives her his deceased granddaughter’s piano.The girls have various adventures. Amy is caught trading limes at school, and the teacher hits her as punishment. As a result, Mrs. March withdraws her daughter from school. Jo refuses to let Amy go with her to the theater. In retaliation, Amy burns Jo’s manuscript, and Jo, in her anger, nearly lets Amy drown while ice-s-kating. Pretty Meg attends her friend Annie Moffat’s party and, after allowing the other girls to dress her up in high style, learns that appearances are not everything. While at the party, she hears that people think she intends to marry Laurie for his money.That year, the Marches form the Pickwick Club, in which they write a family newspaper. In the spring, Jo smuggles Laurie into one of the club meetings, and he becomes a member, presenting his new circle with a postbox. At the beginning of June, the Marches decide to neglect their housework. At the end of a lazy week, Marmee takes a day off too. The girls spoil a dinner, but everyone ends up laughing over it. One day, Laurie has English friends over, and the Marches go on a picnic with them. Later, Jo gets a story published for the first time.One dark day, the family receives a telegram saying that Mr. March is sick in the hospital in Washington, D.C. Marmee goes to tend to him, and Jo sells her hair to help finance the trip. Chaos ensues in Marmee’s wake, for the girls neglect their chores again. Only Beth goes to visit the Hummels, and after one of her visits, she contracts scarlet fever from the Hummel baby. Beth teeters on the brink of death until Marmee returns. Meanwhile, Amy spends time at Aunt March’s house in order to escape the disease. Beth recovers, though not completely, and Mr. Brooke, Laurie’s tutor, falls in love with Meg, much to Jo’s dismay. Mr. Brooke and Meg are engaged by the end of Part One. Three years pass before Part Two begins. Mr. March is home from the war, and Laurie is nearly done with school. Soon, Meg marries and moves into a new home with Mr. Brooke. One day, Amy decides to have a lunch for her art school classmates, but poor weather ruins the festivities. Jo gets a novel published, but she must cut it down in order to please her publishers. Meanwhile, Meg struggles with the duties of keeping house, and she soon gives birth to twins, Demi and Daisy. Amy gets to go to Paris instead of Jo, who counted on the trip, because their Aunt Carroll prefers Amy’s ladylike behavior in a companion.Jo begins to think that Beth loves Laurie. In order to escape Laurie’s affections for her, Jo moves to New York so as to give Beth a chance to win his affections. There Jo meets Professor Bhaer, a poor German language instructor. Professor Bhaer discourages Jo from writing sensationalist stories, and she takes his advice and finds a simpler writing style. When Jo returns home, Laurie proposes to her, but she turns him down. Beth soon dies.Amy and Laurie reunite in France, and they fall in love. They marry and return home. Jo begins to hope that Professor Bhaer will come for her. He does, and they marry a year later. Amy and Laurie have a daughter named Beth, who is sickly. Jo inherits Plumfield, Aunt March’s house, and decides to turn it into a boarding school for boys. The novel ends with the family happily gathered together, each sister thankful for her blessings and for each other.
Introductionprint Print document PDF list Cite link LinkLittle WomenLouisa May AlcottThe following entry presents criticism on Alcott's novel Little Women. See also Louisa May Alcott Nineteenth-Century Literary Criticism.What is now known as Little Women includes both the original work by that title and its sequel, Good Wives. Written by Louisa May Alcott in 1868 and 1869 respectively, together these works have been long established as primary within the canon of juvenile literature and are considered by many to be the first children's books in America to break with the didactic tradition. Alcott introduced realism and entertainment to American children's literature, thereby achieving commercial success unknown to her moralizing contemporaries. Little Women is still read worldwide today.Louisa May Alcott was born in Germantown, Pennsylvania in 1832, and raised in Concord, Massachusetts, and Boston. She was the second of four daughters of Abigail May Alcott and Amos Bronson Alcott, a Transcendentalist, educational reformer, and well-known writer. Louisa, though more commercially successful than her father, faced many obstacles to the literary career she envisioned for herself. As a woman writer, she was expected to write sentimental and moralizing tales, and in order to earn a living as a writer, she was expected to cater to the sensational cravings of her audience. Although she did both successfully until her death in 1888, many critics argue that with Little Women, Alcott countered sensationalism with realism and subverted the moralizing purpose she often appeared to embrace.Plot and Major CharactersIn Part I, while Mr. March is away as a volunteer chaplain in the Civil War, the March girls, Meg, Jo, Beth and Amy, embark on "pilgrimages" toward selfimprovement, with the inspiration of John Bunyan's religious allegory, The Pilgrim's Progress (1678). Their journeys, though, are largely determined by their own consciences and will rather than by dogma. Meg learns to overcome her vanity, Jo to overcome excessiveness and temper, Amy, greed and selfishness. Beth is already saintly and seems not to need change, but ironically, it is an act of charity—a visit to a sick infant—which results in the scarlet fever that weakens her health and precipitates her death.Welcomed into this haven are neighbors Theodore Laurence (Laurie) and his grandfather, who are far from stock patriarchal figures; they are, rather, admirers who crave and aspire to the domestic peace enjoyed by the Marches. Laurie and Jo develop a close friendship that intrigued Alcott's readers, but she avoided the conventional romantic plot by refusing to have them marry. Jo, an unconventional girl who thinks of herself as the "man of the house" while her father is away, is more interested in developing her art and financially supporting her family than marrying.Part II of Little Women, originally published separately as Good Wives, focuses on the girls' transitions into adulthood. Meg marries John Brooke, Laurie's tutor—a financially difficult but happy match. Amy loses some of her passion for art and marries Laurie after he has been refused by Jo and has recovered from the blow. Beth dies before she can reach adulthood, but her loss inspires Jo to take up her domestic role. Jo eventually marries Professor Bhaer, a middle-aged academic with whom she shares philosophical interests. They open a boys' school, where she, no longer a tomboy, becomes a mother-figure for the students.Major ThemesAlcott's earlier work, often published under the pseudonym A. M. Barnard, is generally characterized by sensational characters and plots, violence, melodrama, and romance—all consistent with the expectations of her readers. When asked to write a "girl's book," Alcott was yet again forced to write according to others' interests, but in this case she opted for more realism than sensationalism by choosing the only girl-hood she knew for her subject—her own. Based on her life, and that of her sisters, Anna, Elizabeth, and May, Little Women follows the adolescence of the girls into adulthood, captures their private, domestic experience concretely, delineates their matriarchal haven of comfort and frugality, dramatizes their creative play, and explores their struggles to become artists, good sisters, and eventually happy wives. Although the culture of her time demanded that Alcott produce moralizing tales, she displayed a certain amount of resistance to that mandate in Little Women, preaching moderation rather than excessive religious molding. The girls are guided less by rigid moral strictures than by their strong sense of family, sometimes conveyed by words of wisdom from mother Marmee, but more often by a need to get along as a sisterly community. In part II this theme of sisterly love expands to include marriage and the formation of new families, with new roles for the three surviving sisters as good wives. Self-improvement, social responsibility, domestic cooperation, and matriarchal power, as well as the importance of play and artistic development, all serve as prominent themes in Little Women.Critical ReceptionThe influence of Little Women has been vast, but historically limited to a female readership. Early critics received the novel with sentimental praise and an appreciation of Alcott's ability to meet the minds of her child readers, a view shared by Angela Brazil in her 1922 review. In the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries, Alcott was appreciated, like many American women writers, as merely a local colorist with a talent for portraying the domestic sphere concretely. In academia, her novel was studied only by the scholars of children's literature until the 1960s and 1970s, when it came under closer scrutiny by feminist critics, some of whom were frustrated with its outdated sentimentality, others of whom dismissed it because it seems to uphold the traditional separation of men's and women's spheres (public vs. private). In the 1980s, the new emphasis on expanding the canon to include marginalized writers and works associated with popular culture brought more attention to Little Women. It has achieved importance within Women's Studies and the American literary canon in general for its detailed descriptions of nineteenth-century family life and of female struggles for social identity. As Carolyn Heilbrun suggests, Little Women has been particularly influential on female readers in the twentieth century who, craving models of female autonomy, found one, at least briefly, in Alcott's character Jo. Recent critics have continued in this positive vein, calling further attention to the subversive elements in Little Women, recasting Jo as an early feminist who, like her creator, made the most of the limited possibilities open to women in her time.希望对楼主有帮助， 不满意请留言
你好~！ 在露易莎·梅·奥尔科特的著名小说《小妇人》中，女主人公乔拒绝了完美的邻家男孩——洛里的爱，而嫁给了父辈的贝尔教授。这个令人伤感的结局给一代代的读者们带来了无穷遗憾，也引起了批评家们的激烈争论。本文认为，她的拒绝不仅来自于她的叛逆性格，她对自由、女性空间和男性力量的深切而本能的欲望，而且来自于她偏执狂般的维护一个充满慈爱、自我满足的女性社区的欲望。她的拒绝是自我挫败式的，但也确实张扬了自己的个性。故事的结局是一个叛逆和现实之间对抗的无奈的妥协。。。。 。。。更多资源来自：
文献综述是对论文选题研究现状的梳理，但并不仅仅是把文献进行简单的堆砌与罗列，而是需要在总结梳理别人研究的同时，对已有的研究做出评价，也就是说有述有评，这也是为什么文献综述也叫做文献述评的原因。