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英文中的书名通常是斜体或加引号表示或者大写就可以，因为斜体有时候看着不整齐，译文中文需要加上书名号，书名第一次出现，需要括号加注原英文名（人名也这样处理）。强烈推荐Joy高斋翻译CATTI和MTI分享：希望对你有用。必备|标点符号如何翻译？（附使用规则）比如2016年11月英语三级笔译实务试题原文：Harper Lee was an ordinary woman as stunned as anybody by the extraordinary success of “To Kill a M”书名号里面的双引号。“To Kill a Mockingbird”，英文中的书名通常是斜体或加引号表示或者大写就可以，因为斜体有时候看着不整齐，译文中文需要加上书名号，书名第一次出现，需要括号加注原英文名（人名也这样处理）。还比如14年11月CATTI二级笔译英译汉真题原文：WATERLOO, Belgium --- The region around this Belgian city is busily preparing to commemorate the 200th anniversary in 2015 of one of the major battles in European military 里面的逗号和破折号。WATERLOO, Belgium比利时滑铁卢：这里考察英语地名从小到大，而且加个逗号，汉语里面是从大到小，不加逗号，比如Shanghai, China翻译为中国上海。这是CATTI英译汉高频翻译细节，可是我今天看了大家提交的译文，基本都这样写的：WATERLOO, Belgium --- The region 比利时滑铁卢——：破折号的用法和翻译，这是CATTI英译汉高频翻译细节，经常用在文章或报道的开头，引出事件发生的背景（地点）。翻译的时候保持破折号即可。:Colon（冒号）1．引出表示列举、解释或说明性的词语，翻译的时候保持：The string section consists of four instruments: violin, viola cello, and /His grades are a follows: English, an A; H a B: Science, a D: and Math, a C2．引出对前文进行补充、总结或强调的词语，翻译的时候保持：Judges have a double duty；They must protect the innocent and punish the guilty／ He has only one pleasure: 3．引出较长的正式引语或大段引语，翻译的时候是：或者，In his most famous speech he said: All men are created equal and must enjoy equally the rights that are inalienably 4．用于信件或演说词中的称呼语之后（英国用法中多用逗号），翻译的时候保持：Dear Sir: /Dear Professor Jones: /Ladies and Gentlemen:5．用于公函、政府文件或商业函件的标题或标目之后，翻译的时候保持：TO /SUBJECT: /REFERENCE: /VIA:6．用于时与分之间（英国法中多用句号）、比率数之间、《圣经》的章与节之间，翻译的时候保持：The train is to leave at 8: /Common nouns outnumber proper nouns in proportion /You will find it in Genesis 2: 4-7．分隔书名的标题与副标题，翻译的时候保持：或者破折号NOStromo: A Tale of the Seaboard， Comma（逗号）1．分隔并列成分We are tired, hungry and /Washington was said to be first in war, first in peace, and first in the hearts of his /We were taught how to sit gracefully, how to how to converse 2．分隔并列句中的分句It snowed all night, and the schools were closed the next / We must leave now, or we will miss the / I tried to sleep, but my neighbour's dog made that /It is an imperfect system,yet it is better than 3．分隔对比或对照成分He is sick, not /The more haste, the less 4．分隔非限定性修饰语、同位语或附加说明的词语He found the Paper on the roof, where the newsboy had thrown The the who had cared through the window, went straight to the /They want us, you and me, to go /I have to get up early, particularly on S5．分隔附加疑问句或选择疑问句Tom didn't take it, did he? / Which pencil do you the red one or the blue one?6．分隔直接引语和导语Only a "Sherman said, " would carry on like 7．表示省略相同词语Some went to the right; others, to the 分隔句首状语Usually, he is dressed in blue / Except for physics, my courses are not /When he found that his parents had deserted him, he sat down to 9，常用以分隔用作独立成分、状语等的下列词语Honestly, that's all the money I /Personally, I prefer the other /Unfortunately, they were out when I /To tell you the truth, I was very frightened1) actually, basically, briefly fortunately,frankly, honestly, hopefully, incidentally,luckily, naturally, personally, unfortunately, to tell the truth2) anyhow, anyway, besides, consequent,furthermore, however, likewise, moreover, nevertheless, otherwise, therefore;3)first(ly), second(ly ), last(ly), finally,first of after all, above all, in other words, for example, for instance, that is,namely, , 4)in short, in fact, in conclusion, in a few words, as a result, as a matter of fact, on the contrary, on the other hand;5) of course, by the way, sure enough, between you and me, believe it or not;6)I think, I believe, I suppose, you know,you see, In my opinion;7)yes, no, well, ohAnyhow, even if the problem does arise, it wont affect /I don’t want to go; besides, I’m too /This is, however, another side to this This is our most disastrous and embarrassing defeat eve: in short, a /I don’t like him, in fact,I hate /On the contrary, it hardly ever It's strange, you know, that he hasn’t passed the /In my opinion, he is Yes, times have /Well, not much can be done about it /Oh, David, come here a moment! /Oh no, not again!10．分隔日期、数字、地点Firstly, let me deal with the most important /The cinema is only open to adults, ,people over June 12, 1991/It was on Friday, May 16, in Los A /The price of this sedan car is $12,/He lives at 1515 Halsted SChicago, I11．分隔人名与职称、头衔或倒置姓名I asked my boss for a month's holiday and, believe it or not, he agreed! /By the way, have you seen Tom recently?12．分隔呼语R W Leeds, M D /George Washington, President/Smith, John W, JI would like to ask you, M Jones, for your /Will you see if the door is closed, Janet? /Sir,I'd like to ask a 13．用于信件的称呼语之后（美国用法中多用冒号）或结束语之后Dear Mary, /Sincerely yours, /Yours truly,“ ”Quotation Mark（引号)1．用于直接引语注意下列句子中其他标点符号与引号的相对位置:1）逗号、句号位于引号内（这是美国用法，英国用法多置于引号外）2）不属于引语的问号、感叹号或破折号位于引号之外3）在引语内再用引语时，可用单引号（这是美国用法，在英国用法中，单引号在外，双引号在内）4）引语不止一段时，引号位于各段起始处和最后一段结尾处Michael said, "Let's meet at my house next "/"No, you cant, "she "It's January 1, 1863, Lincoln declared the slaves "forever "/The word"bread, for example, has both standard and slang Why did she say "That is a very selfish attitude"?The witness said, "I distinctly heard him say, Don’t be late, and then heard the door " /The witness said, I distinctly heard him say, Don’t be and then heard the door ’Frequently used signs and symbols are in the back of this Many are found on Symbols include the chemical The chemical elements are also grouped together in the back of this "2．用于引述文章、文艺作品、歌曲、广播及电视节目、绘画等Have you read the article"Shanghai Shows Its Colors"in the January Time? /"Ode to a Nightingale " was written by K /American national anthem is"The Star-spangled B " /YOAS Amencan Mosaic”／ Da Vinci’s“ Mona Lisa "3．用于引述俚语、反语、借用语、定义、词形等Her brother"socked her in the eye and" beaned "her with a /Bob's skiing"vacation"consisted of three weeks with his leg in a / The basic meaning of dumb in both British and American English is“ unable to speak．”／ How do you spell the word＂ eclectic”？;Semicolon（分号）一般说来，分号的作用介于句号与逗号之间，即用分号隔开的两部分之间的关系，比用句号分开的紧密，但不及用逗号分开的紧密。1．用于并列分句之间People make history: unusual people make history /Your car is new; mine is six years /I came, I saw I /it's too late to go for a walk now; besides, it's beginning to /We finally found the gate; however, it had been 2．分隔已有逗号的并列成分，以避免歧义Follow this procedure: first, get your application forms; next, fill them out; last, pay the The sun, a bright yellow ball, shone; the children, happy as always, 3．用于由 for example， for instance， namely，that is（ to say）， in fact，i．e．，e．g等词语引出的分句之前Many of their talents complemented each other; for example, he played the piano and she /Tom is well-liked: in he is the most popular person in the /He chose to invest in major industries: e, steel, automobiles, and — Dash(破折号)用在一个解释性的分句或句子前面：It's an environmental — That's not a small 这是个环境保护的问题，这不是一件小事。用在一个解释性的插入语的前面和后面（相当于一个括号）：During my vacation—I must have been insane—I decided I would 假期中，我准是疯了，我决定去滑雪。用在一个引用的句子前面（代替一个冒号，或与分号一起用）：Uncle Wang laughingly answered—"No, no; stay where you "大叔笑着回答道“不用了，不用了，你就呆到那。”表示意思的突然转折："And may I ask—"said Xiao Wu;" but I guess it's better for you to ask him about "“我可以问——”小吴说；“不过我想还是你问他的好。”表示迟疑犹豫："I—I—I rather think —maybe—Amy has taken "“我——我——我想——或许——是艾米拿了。”总括前面列举的若干东西：News house, larger schools, more sheep, more pigs and chickens, more horses and donkeys—everywhere here shows signs of 新房子，扩建的学校，更多的羊、猪、鸡，更多的马和驴，这里的一切显示出一片繁荣景象。Italicization斜体字的使用1．书籍、报刊、文章、诗歌、乐曲、电影、绘画等的名称Dickens' Oliver Twist /The English-Chinese Dictionary/Readers Digest /The New York TimesMilton's Paradise Lost/Mozart's The Marriage of Figaro/ The Sound of Music /Van Gogh’s StarryNight2．交通工具、航天器等专名Air Force One/Apollo/Challenger3．作为例示的词、字母或数字The word receive is often /The b in comb is silent4，表示强调的词语She never expected such a /woman's place was in the home; it certainly isn’t 5．表示未归化的外来词语In aeternum[L]/ fille[F]6．动物学和植物学中表示属、种、亚种及变种的拉丁语新学名The horse (Equus caballus )has affected the course of history more than any other /The mistletoe (Phoradendron flavescens )is the state flower of O7．法庭案例名称中的原被告姓名Madison Kingley/the Jones case8．剧本中的舞台提示ROBERT: Ah yes, of Sit down, sit down, please, M R [She sits as if this made matters rather ]PHILIP: (Standing guard by her )My wife is a little 取自陆谷孙英译汉大词典
直接在文中上标[X]表示
专著[M]。例子：[序号]主要责任者文献题名[文献类型标识]出版地：出版者，出版年起止页码（可选）[1]刘国钧，陈绍业图书馆目录[M]北京：高等教育出版社，15-论文文献符号：根据参考资料类型可分为专著[M]，会议论文集[C]，报纸文章[N]，期刊文章[J]，学位论文[D]，报告[R]，标准[S]，专利[P]，论文集中的析出文献[A]，杂志[G]。扩展资料：在学术论文后一般应列出参考文献（表），其目的有三，即：1、为了能反映出真实的科学依据。2、为了体现严肃的科学态度，分清是自己的观点或成果还是别人的观点或成果。3、为了对前人的科学成果表示尊重，同时也是为了指明引用资料出处，便于检索。要求：毕业论文的撰写应本着严谨、求实的科学态度，凡有引用他人成果之处，均应按论文中所出现的先后次序列于参考文献中，并且只列出正文中以标注形式引用或参考的有关著作和论文，参考文献应按正文中出现的顺序列出直接引用的主要参考文献。参考资料来源：百度百科-毕业论文参考资料来源：百度百科-参考文献1、M——专著（含古籍中的史、志论著）；2、C——论文集；3、N——报纸文章 ；4、J——期刊文章；5、D——学位论文 ；6、R——研究报告 ；7、S——标准 ；8、P——专利 。学术论文期刊具有很强的时效性，所以许多学者往往由于各方面的因素没有很好把握这一特性，就导致了使其失去价值。在国际科学界，如何正确评价学术论文期刊越来越引起广泛的关注。大多数把SCI、SSCI收录的科技论文的多寡则被看作衡量学术论文期刊论文水平高低的重要评价指标。
论文引用期刊不用加书名号。
不需要 的。期刊文章 的参考文献标准格式：[序号]主要责任者文献题名[J]刊名,年,卷(期):起止页码 例如：[1]何龄修读南明史[J]中国史研究,1998,(3):167-
英文中的书名通常是斜体或加引号表示或者大写就可以，因为斜体有时候看着不整齐，译文中文需要加上书名号，书名第一次出现，需要括号加注原英文名（人名也这样处理）。强烈推荐Joy高斋翻译CATTI和MTI分享：希望对你有用。必备|标点符号如何翻译？（附使用规则）比如2016年11月英语三级笔译实务试题原文：Harper Lee was an ordinary woman as stunned as anybody by the extraordinary success of “To Kill a M”书名号里面的双引号。“To Kill a Mockingbird”，英文中的书名通常是斜体或加引号表示或者大写就可以，因为斜体有时候看着不整齐，译文中文需要加上书名号，书名第一次出现，需要括号加注原英文名（人名也这样处理）。还比如14年11月CATTI二级笔译英译汉真题原文：WATERLOO, Belgium --- The region around this Belgian city is busily preparing to commemorate the 200th anniversary in 2015 of one of the major battles in European military 里面的逗号和破折号。WATERLOO, Belgium比利时滑铁卢：这里考察英语地名从小到大，而且加个逗号，汉语里面是从大到小，不加逗号，比如Shanghai, China翻译为中国上海。这是CATTI英译汉高频翻译细节，可是我今天看了大家提交的译文，基本都这样写的：WATERLOO, Belgium --- The region 比利时滑铁卢——：破折号的用法和翻译，这是CATTI英译汉高频翻译细节，经常用在文章或报道的开头，引出事件发生的背景（地点）。翻译的时候保持破折号即可。:Colon（冒号）1．引出表示列举、解释或说明性的词语，翻译的时候保持：The string section consists of four instruments: violin, viola cello, and /His grades are a follows: English, an A; H a B: Science, a D: and Math, a C2．引出对前文进行补充、总结或强调的词语，翻译的时候保持：Judges have a double duty；They must protect the innocent and punish the guilty／ He has only one pleasure: 3．引出较长的正式引语或大段引语，翻译的时候是：或者，In his most famous speech he said: All men are created equal and must enjoy equally the rights that are inalienably 4．用于信件或演说词中的称呼语之后（英国用法中多用逗号），翻译的时候保持：Dear Sir: /Dear Professor Jones: /Ladies and Gentlemen:5．用于公函、政府文件或商业函件的标题或标目之后，翻译的时候保持：TO /SUBJECT: /REFERENCE: /VIA:6．用于时与分之间（英国法中多用句号）、比率数之间、《圣经》的章与节之间，翻译的时候保持：The train is to leave at 8: /Common nouns outnumber proper nouns in proportion /You will find it in Genesis 2: 4-7．分隔书名的标题与副标题，翻译的时候保持：或者破折号NOStromo: A Tale of the Seaboard， Comma（逗号）1．分隔并列成分We are tired, hungry and /Washington was said to be first in war, first in peace, and first in the hearts of his /We were taught how to sit gracefully, how to how to converse 2．分隔并列句中的分句It snowed all night, and the schools were closed the next / We must leave now, or we will miss the / I tried to sleep, but my neighbour's dog made that /It is an imperfect system,yet it is better than 3．分隔对比或对照成分He is sick, not /The more haste, the less 4．分隔非限定性修饰语、同位语或附加说明的词语He found the Paper on the roof, where the newsboy had thrown The the who had cared through the window, went straight to the /They want us, you and me, to go /I have to get up early, particularly on S5．分隔附加疑问句或选择疑问句Tom didn't take it, did he? / Which pencil do you the red one or the blue one?6．分隔直接引语和导语Only a "Sherman said, " would carry on like 7．表示省略相同词语Some went to the right; others, to the 分隔句首状语Usually, he is dressed in blue / Except for physics, my courses are not /When he found that his parents had deserted him, he sat down to 9，常用以分隔用作独立成分、状语等的下列词语Honestly, that's all the money I /Personally, I prefer the other /Unfortunately, they were out when I /To tell you the truth, I was very frightened1) actually, basically, briefly fortunately,frankly, honestly, hopefully, incidentally,luckily, naturally, personally, unfortunately, to tell the truth2) anyhow, anyway, besides, consequent,furthermore, however, likewise, moreover, nevertheless, otherwise, therefore;3)first(ly), second(ly ), last(ly), finally,first of after all, above all, in other words, for example, for instance, that is,namely, , 4)in short, in fact, in conclusion, in a few words, as a result, as a matter of fact, on the contrary, on the other hand;5) of course, by the way, sure enough, between you and me, believe it or not;6)I think, I believe, I suppose, you know,you see, In my opinion;7)yes, no, well, ohAnyhow, even if the problem does arise, it wont affect /I don’t want to go; besides, I’m too /This is, however, another side to this This is our most disastrous and embarrassing defeat eve: in short, a /I don’t like him, in fact,I hate /On the contrary, it hardly ever It's strange, you know, that he hasn’t passed the /In my opinion, he is Yes, times have /Well, not much can be done about it /Oh, David, come here a moment! /Oh no, not again!10．分隔日期、数字、地点Firstly, let me deal with the most important /The cinema is only open to adults, ,people over June 12, 1991/It was on Friday, May 16, in Los A /The price of this sedan car is $12,/He lives at 1515 Halsted SChicago, I11．分隔人名与职称、头衔或倒置姓名I asked my boss for a month's holiday and, believe it or not, he agreed! /By the way, have you seen Tom recently?12．分隔呼语R W Leeds, M D /George Washington, President/Smith, John W, JI would like to ask you, M Jones, for your /Will you see if the door is closed, Janet? /Sir,I'd like to ask a 13．用于信件的称呼语之后（美国用法中多用冒号）或结束语之后Dear Mary, /Sincerely yours, /Yours truly,“ ”Quotation Mark（引号)1．用于直接引语注意下列句子中其他标点符号与引号的相对位置:1）逗号、句号位于引号内（这是美国用法，英国用法多置于引号外）2）不属于引语的问号、感叹号或破折号位于引号之外3）在引语内再用引语时，可用单引号（这是美国用法，在英国用法中，单引号在外，双引号在内）4）引语不止一段时，引号位于各段起始处和最后一段结尾处Michael said, "Let's meet at my house next "/"No, you cant, "she "It's January 1, 1863, Lincoln declared the slaves "forever "/The word"bread, for example, has both standard and slang Why did she say "That is a very selfish attitude"?The witness said, "I distinctly heard him say, Don’t be late, and then heard the door " /The witness said, I distinctly heard him say, Don’t be and then heard the door ’Frequently used signs and symbols are in the back of this Many are found on Symbols include the chemical The chemical elements are also grouped together in the back of this "2．用于引述文章、文艺作品、歌曲、广播及电视节目、绘画等Have you read the article"Shanghai Shows Its Colors"in the January Time? /"Ode to a Nightingale " was written by K /American national anthem is"The Star-spangled B " /YOAS Amencan Mosaic”／ Da Vinci’s“ Mona Lisa "3．用于引述俚语、反语、借用语、定义、词形等Her brother"socked her in the eye and" beaned "her with a /Bob's skiing"vacation"consisted of three weeks with his leg in a / The basic meaning of dumb in both British and American English is“ unable to speak．”／ How do you spell the word＂ eclectic”？;Semicolon（分号）一般说来，分号的作用介于句号与逗号之间，即用分号隔开的两部分之间的关系，比用句号分开的紧密，但不及用逗号分开的紧密。1．用于并列分句之间People make history: unusual people make history /Your car is new; mine is six years /I came, I saw I /it's too late to go for a walk now; besides, it's beginning to /We finally found the gate; however, it had been 2．分隔已有逗号的并列成分，以避免歧义Follow this procedure: first, get your application forms; next, fill them out; last, pay the The sun, a bright yellow ball, shone; the children, happy as always, 3．用于由 for example， for instance， namely，that is（ to say）， in fact，i．e．，e．g等词语引出的分句之前Many of their talents complemented each other; for example, he played the piano and she /Tom is well-liked: in he is the most popular person in the /He chose to invest in major industries: e, steel, automobiles, and — Dash(破折号)用在一个解释性的分句或句子前面：It's an environmental — That's not a small 这是个环境保护的问题，这不是一件小事。用在一个解释性的插入语的前面和后面（相当于一个括号）：During my vacation—I must have been insane—I decided I would 假期中，我准是疯了，我决定去滑雪。用在一个引用的句子前面（代替一个冒号，或与分号一起用）：Uncle Wang laughingly answered—"No, no; stay where you "大叔笑着回答道“不用了，不用了，你就呆到那。”表示意思的突然转折："And may I ask—"said Xiao Wu;" but I guess it's better for you to ask him about "“我可以问——”小吴说；“不过我想还是你问他的好。”表示迟疑犹豫："I—I—I rather think —maybe—Amy has taken "“我——我——我想——或许——是艾米拿了。”总括前面列举的若干东西：News house, larger schools, more sheep, more pigs and chickens, more horses and donkeys—everywhere here shows signs of 新房子，扩建的学校，更多的羊、猪、鸡，更多的马和驴，这里的一切显示出一片繁荣景象。Italicization斜体字的使用1．书籍、报刊、文章、诗歌、乐曲、电影、绘画等的名称Dickens' Oliver Twist /The English-Chinese Dictionary/Readers Digest /The New York TimesMilton's Paradise Lost/Mozart's The Marriage of Figaro/ The Sound of Music /Van Gogh’s StarryNight2．交通工具、航天器等专名Air Force One/Apollo/Challenger3．作为例示的词、字母或数字The word receive is often /The b in comb is silent4，表示强调的词语She never expected such a /woman's place was in the home; it certainly isn’t 5．表示未归化的外来词语In aeternum[L]/ fille[F]6．动物学和植物学中表示属、种、亚种及变种的拉丁语新学名The horse (Equus caballus )has affected the course of history more than any other /The mistletoe (Phoradendron flavescens )is the state flower of O7．法庭案例名称中的原被告姓名Madison Kingley/the Jones case8．剧本中的舞台提示ROBERT: Ah yes, of Sit down, sit down, please, M R [She sits as if this made matters rather ]PHILIP: (Standing guard by her )My wife is a little 取自陆谷孙英译汉大词典
论文引用期刊不用加书名号。
书名号，是用于标明书名、篇名、报刊名、文件名、戏曲名、歌曲名、图画名等的标点符号，亦用于歌曲、电影、电视剧等与书面媒介紧密相关的文艺作品。书名号的作用主要有标示电影、电视、音乐、诗歌、雕塑等各类用文字、声音、图像等表现的作品的名称；标示全中文或中文在名称中占主导地位的软件名；标示各类出版物名称；标示西文书刊名。书名号的用法有书名号里还要用书名号时，外用双内用单，双书名号和单书名号在书写时不能放在一个格子里；能视为作品的课程、课题、奖品奖状、商标、证照、组织机构、会议、活动等名称，不应用书名号。
不写，一般书名是斜体。
英文里是没有书名号的。英语文章中需要使用书名号的时候，他不用书名号，而是把那几个单词用斜体来表示。比如说论文的名字，书籍的名字，文章的名字，当这些名字都出现在一篇英语文章里的时候，都是用斜体表示。书名号的使用说明书名号的表示作用有以下几个方面书籍名，报纸名，刊物名，篇章名，以及歌曲，电影，电视剧等与书面媒体有密切关联的文艺作品的名称。例如，今天我从学校图书馆借了一本书，书名是《野火春风斗古城》。日常中书名号可是大有用处。书名号里还要用书名号时，外用双内用单，双书名号和单书名号在书写时不能放在一个格子里。
5fsgfdgfr ,是莘莘学子,还欣欣呢,做广告做得也没文化
应该是引号，猜的，错了不管
书名号的用法：表示书名、篇名、报纸名、刊物名等。如：我买了份《人民日报》。 引号作用： a．表示引语 b．表示特定称谓 c．表示特殊含义需要强调 d．表示否定和讽刺 e表示着重论述的对象
不用，直接在参考文献中写期刊名即可
书名号和双引号的用法分别是：书名号是用于标明书名、篇名、报刊名、文件名、戏曲名、歌曲名、图画名等的标点符号，亦用于歌曲、电影、电视剧等与书面媒介紧密相关的文艺作品；双引号的用法：表示引语、表示特定称谓、表示特殊含义（也表示否定和讽刺）、表示着重论述的对象、用于话语之中；扩展资料：引语指行文中引用他人的话。成语、格言、诗词等， 也包括拟声词、音译词。特殊含义指引号中的词语在其具体的语言环境中产生了新的意思；使用引用时，引文末尾标点的位置要注意。 凡是把引用的话独立来用，末尾点号放在引号里边。如果引用的内容是句子的一个组成部分，即引文没有独立性，引用部分末尾不用点号（问号、叹号可保留），整个句子该停顿处则停顿，该用何点号则用何点号。参考资料来源：百度百科-书名号参考资料来源：百度百科-双引号
不需要 的。期刊文章 的参考文献标准格式：[序号]主要责任者文献题名[J]刊名,年,卷(期):起止页码 例如：[1]何龄修读南明史[J]中国史研究,1998,(3):167-
书名号只能用于在文章中引用书名
不需要 的。期刊文章 的参考文献标准格式：[序号]主要责任者文献题名[J]刊名,年,卷(期):起止页码 例如：[1]何龄修读南明史[J]中国史研究,1998,(3):167-
英文中的书名通常是斜体或加引号表示或者大写就可以，因为斜体有时候看着不整齐，译文中文需要加上书名号，书名第一次出现，需要括号加注原英文名（人名也这样处理）。强烈推荐Joy高斋翻译CATTI和MTI分享：希望对你有用。必备|标点符号如何翻译？（附使用规则）比如2016年11月英语三级笔译实务试题原文：Harper Lee was an ordinary woman as stunned as anybody by the extraordinary success of “To Kill a M”书名号里面的双引号。“To Kill a Mockingbird”，英文中的书名通常是斜体或加引号表示或者大写就可以，因为斜体有时候看着不整齐，译文中文需要加上书名号，书名第一次出现，需要括号加注原英文名（人名也这样处理）。还比如14年11月CATTI二级笔译英译汉真题原文：WATERLOO, Belgium --- The region around this Belgian city is busily preparing to commemorate the 200th anniversary in 2015 of one of the major battles in European military 里面的逗号和破折号。WATERLOO, Belgium比利时滑铁卢：这里考察英语地名从小到大，而且加个逗号，汉语里面是从大到小，不加逗号，比如Shanghai, China翻译为中国上海。这是CATTI英译汉高频翻译细节，可是我今天看了大家提交的译文，基本都这样写的：WATERLOO, Belgium --- The region 比利时滑铁卢——：破折号的用法和翻译，这是CATTI英译汉高频翻译细节，经常用在文章或报道的开头，引出事件发生的背景（地点）。翻译的时候保持破折号即可。:Colon（冒号）1．引出表示列举、解释或说明性的词语，翻译的时候保持：The string section consists of four instruments: violin, viola cello, and /His grades are a follows: English, an A; H a B: Science, a D: and Math, a C2．引出对前文进行补充、总结或强调的词语，翻译的时候保持：Judges have a double duty；They must protect the innocent and punish the guilty／ He has only one pleasure: 3．引出较长的正式引语或大段引语，翻译的时候是：或者，In his most famous speech he said: All men are created equal and must enjoy equally the rights that are inalienably 4．用于信件或演说词中的称呼语之后（英国用法中多用逗号），翻译的时候保持：Dear Sir: /Dear Professor Jones: /Ladies and Gentlemen:5．用于公函、政府文件或商业函件的标题或标目之后，翻译的时候保持：TO /SUBJECT: /REFERENCE: /VIA:6．用于时与分之间（英国法中多用句号）、比率数之间、《圣经》的章与节之间，翻译的时候保持：The train is to leave at 8: /Common nouns outnumber proper nouns in proportion /You will find it in Genesis 2: 4-7．分隔书名的标题与副标题，翻译的时候保持：或者破折号NOStromo: A Tale of the Seaboard， Comma（逗号）1．分隔并列成分We are tired, hungry and /Washington was said to be first in war, first in peace, and first in the hearts of his /We were taught how to sit gracefully, how to how to converse 2．分隔并列句中的分句It snowed all night, and the schools were closed the next / We must leave now, or we will miss the / I tried to sleep, but my neighbour's dog made that /It is an imperfect system,yet it is better than 3．分隔对比或对照成分He is sick, not /The more haste, the less 4．分隔非限定性修饰语、同位语或附加说明的词语He found the Paper on the roof, where the newsboy had thrown The the who had cared through the window, went straight to the /They want us, you and me, to go /I have to get up early, particularly on S5．分隔附加疑问句或选择疑问句Tom didn't take it, did he? / Which pencil do you the red one or the blue one?6．分隔直接引语和导语Only a "Sherman said, " would carry on like 7．表示省略相同词语Some went to the right; others, to the 分隔句首状语Usually, he is dressed in blue / Except for physics, my courses are not /When he found that his parents had deserted him, he sat down to 9，常用以分隔用作独立成分、状语等的下列词语Honestly, that's all the money I /Personally, I prefer the other /Unfortunately, they were out when I /To tell you the truth, I was very frightened1) actually, basically, briefly fortunately,frankly, honestly, hopefully, incidentally,luckily, naturally, personally, unfortunately, to tell the truth2) anyhow, anyway, besides, consequent,furthermore, however, likewise, moreover, nevertheless, otherwise, therefore;3)first(ly), second(ly ), last(ly), finally,first of after all, above all, in other words, for example, for instance, that is,namely, , 4)in short, in fact, in conclusion, in a few words, as a result, as a matter of fact, on the contrary, on the other hand;5) of course, by the way, sure enough, between you and me, believe it or not;6)I think, I believe, I suppose, you know,you see, In my opinion;7)yes, no, well, ohAnyhow, even if the problem does arise, it wont affect /I don’t want to go; besides, I’m too /This is, however, another side to this This is our most disastrous and embarrassing defeat eve: in short, a /I don’t like him, in fact,I hate /On the contrary, it hardly ever It's strange, you know, that he hasn’t passed the /In my opinion, he is Yes, times have /Well, not much can be done about it /Oh, David, come here a moment! /Oh no, not again!10．分隔日期、数字、地点Firstly, let me deal with the most important /The cinema is only open to adults, ,people over June 12, 1991/It was on Friday, May 16, in Los A /The price of this sedan car is $12,/He lives at 1515 Halsted SChicago, I11．分隔人名与职称、头衔或倒置姓名I asked my boss for a month's holiday and, believe it or not, he agreed! /By the way, have you seen Tom recently?12．分隔呼语R W Leeds, M D /George Washington, President/Smith, John W, JI would like to ask you, M Jones, for your /Will you see if the door is closed, Janet? /Sir,I'd like to ask a 13．用于信件的称呼语之后（美国用法中多用冒号）或结束语之后Dear Mary, /Sincerely yours, /Yours truly,“ ”Quotation Mark（引号)1．用于直接引语注意下列句子中其他标点符号与引号的相对位置:1）逗号、句号位于引号内（这是美国用法，英国用法多置于引号外）2）不属于引语的问号、感叹号或破折号位于引号之外3）在引语内再用引语时，可用单引号（这是美国用法，在英国用法中，单引号在外，双引号在内）4）引语不止一段时，引号位于各段起始处和最后一段结尾处Michael said, "Let's meet at my house next "/"No, you cant, "she "It's January 1, 1863, Lincoln declared the slaves "forever "/The word"bread, for example, has both standard and slang Why did she say "That is a very selfish attitude"?The witness said, "I distinctly heard him say, Don’t be late, and then heard the door " /The witness said, I distinctly heard him say, Don’t be and then heard the door ’Frequently used signs and symbols are in the back of this Many are found on Symbols include the chemical The chemical elements are also grouped together in the back of this "2．用于引述文章、文艺作品、歌曲、广播及电视节目、绘画等Have you read the article"Shanghai Shows Its Colors"in the January Time? /"Ode to a Nightingale " was written by K /American national anthem is"The Star-spangled B " /YOAS Amencan Mosaic”／ Da Vinci’s“ Mona Lisa "3．用于引述俚语、反语、借用语、定义、词形等Her brother"socked her in the eye and" beaned "her with a /Bob's skiing"vacation"consisted of three weeks with his leg in a / The basic meaning of dumb in both British and American English is“ unable to speak．”／ How do you spell the word＂ eclectic”？;Semicolon（分号）一般说来，分号的作用介于句号与逗号之间，即用分号隔开的两部分之间的关系，比用句号分开的紧密，但不及用逗号分开的紧密。1．用于并列分句之间People make history: unusual people make history /Your car is new; mine is six years /I came, I saw I /it's too late to go for a walk now; besides, it's beginning to /We finally found the gate; however, it had been 2．分隔已有逗号的并列成分，以避免歧义Follow this procedure: first, get your application forms; next, fill them out; last, pay the The sun, a bright yellow ball, shone; the children, happy as always, 3．用于由 for example， for instance， namely，that is（ to say）， in fact，i．e．，e．g等词语引出的分句之前Many of their talents complemented each other; for example, he played the piano and she /Tom is well-liked: in he is the most popular person in the /He chose to invest in major industries: e, steel, automobiles, and — Dash(破折号)用在一个解释性的分句或句子前面：It's an environmental — That's not a small 这是个环境保护的问题，这不是一件小事。用在一个解释性的插入语的前面和后面（相当于一个括号）：During my vacation—I must have been insane—I decided I would 假期中，我准是疯了，我决定去滑雪。用在一个引用的句子前面（代替一个冒号，或与分号一起用）：Uncle Wang laughingly answered—"No, no; stay where you "大叔笑着回答道“不用了，不用了，你就呆到那。”表示意思的突然转折："And may I ask—"said Xiao Wu;" but I guess it's better for you to ask him about "“我可以问——”小吴说；“不过我想还是你问他的好。”表示迟疑犹豫："I—I—I rather think —maybe—Amy has taken "“我——我——我想——或许——是艾米拿了。”总括前面列举的若干东西：News house, larger schools, more sheep, more pigs and chickens, more horses and donkeys—everywhere here shows signs of 新房子，扩建的学校，更多的羊、猪、鸡，更多的马和驴，这里的一切显示出一片繁荣景象。Italicization斜体字的使用1．书籍、报刊、文章、诗歌、乐曲、电影、绘画等的名称Dickens' Oliver Twist /The English-Chinese Dictionary/Readers Digest /The New York TimesMilton's Paradise Lost/Mozart's The Marriage of Figaro/ The Sound of Music /Van Gogh’s StarryNight2．交通工具、航天器等专名Air Force One/Apollo/Challenger3．作为例示的词、字母或数字The word receive is often /The b in comb is silent4，表示强调的词语She never expected such a /woman's place was in the home; it certainly isn’t 5．表示未归化的外来词语In aeternum[L]/ fille[F]6．动物学和植物学中表示属、种、亚种及变种的拉丁语新学名The horse (Equus caballus )has affected the course of history more than any other /The mistletoe (Phoradendron flavescens )is the state flower of O7．法庭案例名称中的原被告姓名Madison Kingley/the Jones case8．剧本中的舞台提示ROBERT: Ah yes, of Sit down, sit down, please, M R [She sits as if this made matters rather ]PHILIP: (Standing guard by her )My wife is a little 取自陆谷孙英译汉大词典
《<中国石油报编校质量检查分析报告>》 《标点符号用法》规定，书名号用于书名、篇名、报纸名、刊物名等。1990年3月，国家语言文字工作委员会和中华人民共和国新闻出版署重新发布了修订后的《标点符号用法》。对书名号是这样定义： 书名号的形式为双书名号"《》"和单书名号"〈 〉"。 书名、篇名、报纸名、刊物名等，用书名号标示。 例如：a）《红楼梦》的作者是曹雪芹。 b）你读过鲁迅的《孔乙己》吗？ c）他的文章在《人民日报》上发表了。 d）桌上放着一本《中国语文》。 书名号里边还要用书名号时，外面一层用双书名号，里边一层用单书名号。 例如：《〈中国工人〉发刊词》发表于1940年2月7日。 但实际使用中，书名号已大大超出了这个范围，电影名、电视剧名就常常用书名号，例如： （l）有一次和宿舍的女生去看《罗马假日》……（《南方周末》2004年4月7日22版） （2）梁从诫直言：电视剧《人间四月天》是对历史事实和文化精神的双重歪曲。（《中华读书报》2000年5月10日第5版标题） 书名或篇名的简称或合称也可以用书名号，因为它们也是书名篇名，在人们心目中，它们和全称是等价的。书名号的作用是区分书名与非书名，以避免产生误解。有人不用书名号，而用引号，这样一来，引号的负担就太重了。从当前的实际使用情况来看，绝大多数出版物对书名或篇名的简称是加书名号的。例如： （1）1996年6月1日实施的《中华人民共和国国家标准标点符号用法》（筒称《用法》）对此并无明确规定。（《语文建设》2000年第2期第15页） （2）《现代汉语词典》（1978年）新增收了不少词目……当然，《现汉》的这些情况在修订本中大有改观。（《语言文字应用》1999年第1期第105页） （3）娃娃今天要不要读《四书》《五经》（〈〈家庭教育〉〉2004年第三期） 此外，电视的栏目有时也用书名号，例如： （1） 经济频道在已形成品牌效应的《经济半小时》、《经济信息联播》、《幸运52》、《开心辞典》、《对话》、《生活》等一大批名牌栏目，推出众多各具特色的栏目。（〈〈人民日报〉〉） （2） 晚间龙头栏目《经济半小时》、《经济信息联播》与新开的早间栏目《第一时间》、午间栏目《全球资讯榜》共同构筑经济频道的主线；服务版块包含《生活》、《前沿》、《健康之路》、《为您服务》，为观众提供无微不至的生活服务。（〈〈人民日报〉〉） 这种用法已得到人们的普遍认同。此外，戏剧、歌曲、乐曲、绘画、雕塑、摄影等的作品名称也可以用书名号标示。书名号的作用已扩大到标示各类作品（包括用文字、声音、图像、动作等表现的作品等）的名称。但我们不能因此而随意扩大书名号的使用范围如将书名号用于产品名、奖品名、单位名、活动名、课程名、会议名等。书名号的一般用法 一、用于各类作品名称各类作品，包括用文字、声音、图像、动作等表现的作品等，其名称都可用书名号。例如:(1)《在延安文艺座谈会上的讲话》(讲话名)《关于有中国特色社会主义法律体系的几个问题》(讲座名)《论雷峰塔的倒掉》(文章名)《普通话异读审音表》(表名)《宋拓王羲之十七帖》(书法作品名)《茶馆》(话剧名)《大乐特乐》(相声名)《女篮5号》(电影名)《努尔哈赤》(电视剧名)《我的祖国》(歌名)《霓裳曲》(曲名)《醒狮》(舞蹈名)《车技》(杂技名)《长江万里图》(壁画名)《四川出土的商朝青铜人头像》(插图名)《给灭火八勇士授奖》(摄影作品名)《东方欲晓》(雕塑名)《庐山和金刚山》(邮票名)作品的简称和全名一样，都可用书名号。例如:(2)《语文建设》1991年第 5 期发表了龚千炎、周洪波、郭龙生三位先生的文章《发展链：语言规范的本质》(以下简称《发展链》)。(《语文建设》1992/4)(3)首都文艺界聚会纪念毛泽东《讲话》发表 55 周年(《光明日报》10)下面例(4)书名简称“书系”用了引号，要改为书名号:*(4)由史学博士姚伟钧教授主编、中国地质大学出版社出版的《华夏美·千年古都文化书系》(以下简称“书系”),便是这方面的作品。二、用于各类出版物名称出版物是作品的载体。各类出版物的名称都可以用书名号。例如:(1)《中国大百科全书》(书名)(2)《人民日报》(报纸名)(3)《语文建设》(刊名)(4)《植物生理学挂图》(图片名)(5)《邓小平理论研究文献数据库》(光盘名)“杂志”“周刊”之类名词如果是刊物名称的一个组成部分，用在书名号的里边(如《东方杂志》、美国《出版商周刊》)，否则用在书名号的外边(如《读书》杂志、英国《书商》周刊)。对于大家熟悉的报刊名称，在不会引起误解的情况下可不加书名号，如：人民日报、新华月报、东方杂志。报社和出版社名称一般不加书名号，如：人民日报社、外语教学与研究出版社。“《梧州日报》社简介”要改为“梧州日报社简介”,因为“报社”是一个合成词，二字中间不宜插入书名号。外语教学与研究出版社如果写作《外语教学与研究》出版社，就可以理解为出版《外语教学与研究》杂志的出版社，其实该社的任务主要出外语教学与研究方面的书籍。报刊名称和“编辑部”连用时加不加书名号看需要而定。“《中国记者》编辑部”“《读者》编辑部”“《现代化》编辑部”加书名号有助于明确概念,“中国记者杂志编辑部”“读者文摘编辑部”等可不加。又如“新华社、人民日报、光明日报、中国国际广播电台、中央电视台、华声报等单位的代表，就如何发展网络媒体等问题先后作了发言”(《光明日报》07)一句中人民日报、光明日报、华声报是作为新闻单位，不是作为出版物名称出现，所以不加书名号。西文书刊名在西文中一般用斜体字标明，如果夹用在中文中，也可用书名号。例如:(6)1815年8月英国人罗伯特·马礼逊在马六甲用汉文创办以便向中国人普及的最早的定期刊物《Chinese Monthly Magazine》称为《察世俗每月统记传》。(韩国安春根著、张明惠译《杂志出版论》)(7)如果说比尔·盖茨畏惧一个人的话，这个人肯定是加里·里贝克。在《Update》杂志评出的 1998 年影响全球的信息产业的律师中，他排在第 3 位。(《光明日报》16)下面例(8)的引号可改为书名号:*(8)他克隆了人类神经性高频性耳聋的致病基因(GJB3)，并在国际权威杂志“Nature Genetics”发表论文。如果不加书名号，最好用斜体字，不用正体字，这样既可同外文的体例保持一致，也便于识别书刊名称。作品名称也适用这个原则。例如:(9)Wutherirzg Heights至少有两种汉译本,先是梁实秋的《咆哮山庄》,后是杨苡的《呼啸山庄》。(郭著章《谈谈英汉名译比较课程》)(10)最近在《皇冠杂志》第一二三期上见到点瑟译的《撒旦与谢三》 (Robert Arthur:Satan and Sam Shay), 译笔活泼生动，这里随便引两段……(林以亮《翻译的理论与实践》)例(9)的斜体字一看就预感到不是一般词语，从后面的文字知道是书名。例(10)从字体可以判断出Satan and Sam Shay是作品名称，Robert Arthur不是。 （选自林穗芳著《标点符号学习与应用》,人民出版社2000年版）