发布时间：
类比构词（Word-Formation by Analogy）是英语中一种有趣而又实用的构词方式。其构词特点是，以某 个同类词为模式，在语义上进行联想类比，替换其中某个词素，构造出与之对应或类似的新词来。例如，work aholic（工作迷）系仿alcoholic（嗜酒者）而造，而seajack（海上劫持）和skyjack（空中劫持）则是类比hijack（拦路抢劫）而成。
英语词汇学论文解决时间:2009-1-322:55我们学期末的论文,是有关词汇学的,就像什么近反义词区分啊,或者一个词在不同领域的不同应英语词汇学论文：
1976版《韦氏第三版新际英语辞典新词续编》收录该辞典1961版现6000新词些新词半适应社新发展依据构词造:其五二属缀合五三合见英语构词英语发展具作用构词(wordformation)主要:(1)前缀(2)缀(3)转化(4)合()前缀:词根前加前缀数情况词类变(1)表示否定:a-,an-缺乏没:asexual性别anarchy政府主义dis-反面disobey服disloyalty忠诚(2)表示反向或反义:un-表示作反向untie解unpack打包裹;表示剥夺、免除:unseat夺议席unmask脱假面具(3)表示贬义mis-错误:miscalculate算错mishear听错(4)表示程度、等:over-度:overeat暴食overwork工作度super-超:supernatural超自superman超(二)缀:词根加缀数情况词类改变1.名词缀(1)缀名词结合构抽象名词:-age表量、集等:baggage行李mileage程-ship表状态、身份等:friendship友谊hardship困难membership员(2)缀皆构名词:-eer表示专、事等:engineer工程师mountaineer登山运员(3)形容词转名词elastic---elasticity弹性rapid---rapidity急速electric---electricity电(三)转化:转化指词由种词类转化另种词类词形变名词net(网)转化词net(置…于网)转化构名词、形容词词1.转化名词(1)词转化名词(a)表示理或觉:desire愿望lovesmell气味(b)表示:attempt企图fall落hit击2.转化词(1)名词转化词(a)表示放、放进:bottle装瓶carpet铺毯(b)表示给、提供:butter涂黄油oil油(2)形容词转化词(a)表示使:calm使平静lower降(b)表示:empty变空weary(of)疲倦…(四)合:合两词结合起构复合词英语复合词般都由两词构合词用构种词类名词形容词1.名词复合词(1)主语词(a)主语+由词转化名词:sunriseheadache疼(b)词+主语:crybaby哭诉watchdog看门狗(2)词宾语(a)名词+由词转化名词:bloodtest验血word-formation构词(b)名词+名词:housekeeping主持家务letter-writing写信2.形容词复合词(1)名词+词+ing:man-eating吃breathtaking使吃惊(2)词状语类(2)词类(a)名词+形容词:footsore走痛脚fireproof防火(b)名词+形容词:grass-green草绿)age-old古结尾:略
你最好去图书馆去，或者你所在学校的校园电子图书阅览室去，那里有你要的所有东西，我们毕业写的论文就是这样来的。不过最好写一些有中学关教学法的，那样资料多，得分高。真的。学长提示。希望你能采纳。
答谢词蛮多的哦 建议在网上搜一下英文的 会更规范些
英语论文致谢词模板（精选5篇）
论文致谢是很多毕业生都必须要撰写的，用于感谢在论文写作过程中帮助过自己的所有老师、同学、家长及朋友，让我们坐下来好好写写论文致谢吧。你知道写论文致谢需要注意哪些问题吗？以下是我帮大家整理的英语论文致谢词模板，欢迎阅读，希望大家能够喜欢。
This thesis would not have been completed without much assistance,encouragement and support from many people. I want sincerely to avail thisopportunity to express my cordial thanks to those who have granted me invaluableinstructions during the process of thesis writing.
First and foremost, I extend my greatest gratitude to Professor Hongbo Song,myadvisor and supervisor, for his insightful guidance and earnest help. He advised me tothink over the selection of the subject and to carry out a series of relevant research at avery early time; and during the process of writing,he spent a lot of time guiding me ina right direction and provided many useful suggestions. It is under his strenuous helpthat I could complete this thesis in time.
Moreover, my sincere thanks go to my teachers in the School of ForeignLanguages at Zhejiang Gongshang University. They provide me with a wonderfullearning environment where I learn and grow up for their tireless instructions that willdefinitely exert a deep influence on my later life.
Besides, I express my gratitude to my friends and fellow classmates. They sharetheir knowledge with me and help me out when I am faced with any difficulties aboutthe thesis. They have tried their best to give me their precious suggestions during theprocess of writing the thesis.
Last but not least, I am deeply in debt to my beloved parents for theirencouragement, understanding and endless love during my life. They have created thebest environment for me to focus on the thesis writing during the winter holiday, andall this could not be possible without their selfless sacrifice and persistent support.
Based on the CET 4 and CET6 compositions extracted from the CLEC，the study aimsto reveal the relationship between the linguistic features and the writing quality by meansof the advanced software，namely Lexical Frequency Profile, and L2Syntactic Complexity Analyzer for the analysis of vocabulary, syntax and textual cohesion.
This study will be of great value mainly for the following two aspects:Firstly, theoretically speaking, the study is going to offer guidance and reference forthe teaching methodology of L2 writing. The study reveals the contribution of lexicaldiversity, syntactic complexity, textual cohesion to writing quality, reflects the mostdecisive factor of the writing quality and analyzes the mutual relationship between thelexical diversity and quality of writing, the syntactic complexity and quality of writing aswell as the textual cohesion and quality of writing. Hopefully, this research will shedsome light on the instruction of CET 4 and 6 writing and provide practical , practically speaking, the study demonstrates a new direction for thedevelopment of automatic assessment of the writing.
The study is to be carried out bothby means of software and labor work to comprehensively examine more than 28variables that might have an impact on writing quality and build the relation modelbetween these related variables and writing scores.
I would like to express my gratitude to all those who helped me during the writing of this thesis.
My deepest gratitude goes first and foremost to Professor ******, my supervisor, for his constant encouragement and guidance. He has walked me through all the stages of the writing of this thesis. Without his consistent and illuminating instruction, this thesis could not have reached its present form.
Second, I would like to express my heartfelt gratitude to Professor *******, who led me into the world of translation. I am also greatly indebted to the professors and teachers at the Department of English: ********who have instructed and helped me a lot in the past two years.
Last my thanks would go to my beloved family for their loving considerations and great confidence in me all through these years. I also owe my sincere gratitude to my friends and my fellow classmates who gave me their help and time in listening to me and helping me work out my problems during the difficult course of the thesis.
First of all, I would like to express my gratitude to all those who helped me during the writing of this thesis. I gratefully acknowledge the help of my supervisor, Ms**, who has offered me valuable suggestions in the academic studies. In the preparation of this thesis， she has spent much time reading through each draft and provided me with inspiring advice. Without her patient instruction, insightful criticism and expert guidance, the completion of this thesis would not have been possible.
Second, I also owe a special debt of gratitude to all the professors in Foreign Languages Institute, from whose devoted teaching and enlightening lectures I have benefited a lot and academically prepared for the thesis.
Last, I should finally like to express my gratitude to my beloved parents who have always been helping me out of difficulties and supporting without a word of complaint.
Time is a bird forever on the wing. For the past two years' post-graduate study, Ireally had a fulfilling life here. Not only have I met many knowledgeable teachers, butalso truthful friends. I would like to give my deep gratitude to many of them.
First of all, Iam most grateful to Professor Zhang Ruwen, my supervisor, who offers me invaluableguidance and help both in my study and my life. Without her enlightening suggestions andinstructions, it would be a tough task for me to finish my thesis.
Besides, I also appreciatemany other teachers who have offered their useful suggestions and inspire me a lot. Mythanks also go to my parents, grandparents, my classmates and my loving friends. Their company is a great consolation to me. I wish everyone could live in peace and happiness.
只要把握方法，论文的致谢词我们也是能写出来的。现如今英语风靡全国，先后出现了许许多多的培训机构。孩子们从小开始接触英语，周末还要参加英语补习班。大家都能学好第二门语言的话，一定会非常高兴。下面是我给大家整理的一些英语范文，供大家参阅!大家可以参考作文里面的框架。
篇1
Acknowledgements
My deepest gratitude goes first and foremost to Professor aaa , my supervisor, for her constant encouragement and guidance. She has walked me through all the stages of the
writing of this thesis. Without her consistent and illuminating instruction, this thesis could not havereached its present form.
Second, I would like to express my heartfelt gratitude to Professor aaa, who led me into the world of translation. I am also greatly indebted to the professors and teachers at the
Department of English: Professor dddd, Professor ssss, who have instructed and helped me a lot in the past two years.
Last my thanks would go to my beloved family for their loving considerations and great confidence in me all through these years. I also owe my sincere gratitude to my friends and my fellow clas *** ates who gave me their help and time in listening to me and helping me work out my problems during the difficult course of the thesis.
篇2
Acknowledgements
First of all, I would like to extend my sincere gratitude to my supervisor, Zhang Hong, for her instructive advice and useful suggestions on my thesis. I am deeply grateful of her help in the pletion of this thesis.
High tribute shall be paid to Ms. Geng Li, whose profound knowledge of English triggers my love for this beautiful language and whose earnest attitude tells me how to learn English.
I am also deeply indebted to all the other tutors and teachers in
Translation Studies for their direct and indirect help to me.
Special thanks should go to my friends who have put considerable time and effort into their ments on the draft.
Finally, I am indebted to my parents for their continuous support and encouragement.
Acknowledgements
I would like to express my gratitude to all those who helped me during the writing of this thesis.
My deepest gratitude goes first and foremost to Professor Zhou Yanxia, my supervisor, for his constant encouragement and guidance. He has walked me through all the stages of the writing of this thesis. Without his consistent and illuminating instruction, this thesis could not have reached its present form.
Second, I would like to express my heartfelt gratitude to Professor Wang Jinsheng, who led me into the world of translation. I am also greatly indebted to the professors and teachers at the Department of English: Ms. Wu Qing, Feng Shaozhong and Han Xiaoya, who have instructed and helped me a lot in the past two years.
Last my thanks would go to my beloved family for their loving
considerations and great confidence in me all through these years. I also owe
my sincere gratitude to my friends and my fellow clas *** ates who gave me their help and time in listening to me and helping me work out my problems during the difficult course of the thesis.
篇3
Acknowledgements
I would like to express my gratitude to all those who helped me during the writing of this thesis. I gratefully acknowledge the help of my supervisor, Ms. Sun Yanlan, who has offered me valuable suggestions in the academic studies. In the preparation of the thesis， she has spent much time reading through each draft and provided me with inspiring advice. Without her patient instruction, insightful critici *** and expert guidance, the pletion of this thesis would not have been possible.
I also owe a special debt of gratitude to all the professors in Foreign
Languages Institute, from whose devoted teaching and enlightening lectures I have benefited a lot and academically prepared for the thesis.
I should finally like to express my gratitude to my beloved parents who have always been helping me out of difficulties and supporting without a word of plaint.
篇4
Acknowledgements
I would like to express my gratitude to all those who have helped me during the writing of this thesis. I gratefully acknowledge the help of my
supervisor Professor Zhu Jimei. I do appreciate her patience, encouragement, and professional instructions during my thesis writing. Also, I would like to thank Miss Wen Pingzhen and Miss Li Wenying, who kindly gave me a hand when I was making the questionnaire among the college English learners.
Last but not the least, my gratitude also extends to my family who have been assisting, supporting and caring for me all of my life.
篇5
I am greatly indebted to my supervisor, Professor Wang Shuting, for his valuable instructions and suggestions on my thesis as well as his careful reading of the manuscript.
I feel grateful to all the teachers in the College of Foreign Languages of China University of Petroleum who once offered me valuable courses and advice during my study. My sincere thanks are also given to Pro. Dai Ruiliang and Pro. Sun Chengrong. from whose lectures I benefited greatly.
英语的论文致谢
英语论文致谢篇一
Acknowledgements
First of all, I would like to extend my sincere gratitude to my supervisor, Zhang Hong, for her instructive advice and useful suggestions on my thesis. I am deeply grateful of her help in the completion of this thesis.
High tribute shall be paid to Ms. Geng Li, whose profound knowledge of English triggers my love for this beautiful language and whose earnest attitude tells me how to learn English.
I am also deeply indebted to all the other tutors and teachers in Translation Studies for their direct and indirect help to me.
Special thanks should go to my friends who have put considerable time and effort into their comments on the draft.
Finally, I am indebted to my parents for their continuous support and encouragement.
英语论文致谢篇二
Acknowledgements
I would like to express my gratitude to all those who helped me during the writing of this thesis.
My deepest gratitude goes first and foremost to Professor Zhou Yanxia, my supervisor, for his constant encouragement and guidance. He has walked me through all the stages of the writing of this thesis. Without his consistent and illuminating instruction, this thesis could not have reached its present form. Second, I would like to express my heartfelt gratitude to Professor Wang Jinsheng, who led me into the world of translation. I am also greatly indebted to the professors and teachers at the Department of English: Ms. Wu Qing, Feng Shaozhong and Han Xiaoya, who have instructed and helped me a lot in the past two years. Last my thanks would go to my beloved family for their loving considerations and great confidence in me all through these years. I also owe my sincere gratitude to my friends and my fellow classmates who gave me their help and time in listening to me and helping me work out my problems during the difficult course of the thesis.
英语论文致谢篇三
Acknowledgements
I would like to express my gratitude to all those who helped me during the writing of this thesis. I gratefully acknowledge the help of my supervisor, Ms. Sun Yanlan, who has offered me valuable suggestions in the academic studies. In the preparation of the thesis， she has spent much time reading through each draft and provided me with inspiring advice. Without her patient instruction, insightful criticism and expert guidance, the completion of this thesis would not have been possible.
I also owe a special debt of gratitude to all the professors in Foreign Languages Institute, from whose devoted teaching and enlightening lectures I have benefited a lot and academically prepared for the thesis.
I should finally like to express my gratitude to my beloved parents who have always been helping me out of difficulties and supporting without a word of complaint.
论文致谢词模板 :
三十功名尘与土，八千里路云和月。转眼就要告别，是终，亦是始。论文完成之际，也预示着二十余载求学生涯的结束。在即将踏上工作岗位的前夕，有太多事和太多人值得不断地去回忆品味和感激，在此对曾经指导我关心我照顾我的你们致以最诚挚的敬意。
我要感谢恩师_____教授。茫茫人海，芸芸众生，能有幸师从_____老师是件难得的幸事。胡老师学识渊博，治学严谨，做事认真负责，为人和蔼可亲。每次请教胡老师，他总是倾囊相助，耐心并深入浅出地为我剖析问题根源，教会我灵活运用理论知识去逐一解决问题。深刻地记得毕业论文完成前夕的那个冬日午后，我们讨论问题以致错过午饭时间;正是这种对学术孜孜不倦追求的态度，深深地打动和感染了我，想必这种严谨的做事态度将会在今后工作中对我产生深远的影响。
我要感谢_____教授。_____老师博学多才、风趣幽默，是我们科研道路上的心灵导师。
感谢他在项目课题上的极度信任，支持与指导，给予了我大量学习和锻炼的机会，为我毕业论文的顺利完成提供了坚实的基础。
我要特别感谢_____副教授。范师兄理论扎实、严谨细致、严以律己、诲人不倦，在我论文选题、开题、修改、定稿过程中，给予了悉心指导和帮助。深刻地记得那一版又一版的期刊论文，都是在范师兄事无巨细的工作态度中修改出来的，也正是这种事必躬亲的耐心指导，使我在科研道路上快速地成长起来。范师兄不仅是我科研上的良师，更是生活上的益友，无论是为人还是处事上，总是以身作则身先士卒;这种精益求精的态度将激励我在未来日子严格要求自己，努力成为一个优秀的人。
感谢课题俎_____高工、_____副教授、中国计量学院_____教授、能源与核技术应用研究所_____高工在硕士学习期间提供的帮助与支持。
特别感谢_____师妹对本文实验部分所作出的贡献。正是有她的付出，本文实验进行得十分顺利;那段为了共同目标而努力拼搏的日子，那段一起忙里偷闲享受杭城生活的日子，使我的研三生活充满快乐与回忆。感谢_____师兄，在我刚刚进入热工组时，是他耐心带我上手相变蓄冷相关的一系列实验，帮我理清写作头绪并顺利完成硕士期间第一篇文章，那段并肩熬夜做实验的情景，至今难以忘怀。感谢_____师兄在平日里学术上及生活上的'特别照料;在我科研遇到难题感到挫败时，是他乐观开朗的生活态度，在极大程度上感染我，使我坚信胜利是属于坚持的人。感谢_____师兄，他看待事物两面性的原则及做事认真负责的态度给予我很多启发。感谢_____师兄，在论文撰写期间文献获取方面提供了极大的帮助。感谢_____师兄，每次意味深长又极具预见性的幽默谈话，使我受益良多。感谢_____师兄，他曾告诉我要保有激情，保留棱角不被磨平，这句话一直萦绕我心，时隔今日，我很庆幸我依旧是那个执着追求梦想的人。感谢_____师姐认真教会我_____等仪器的使用并给予我很多生活上的指点与帮助。感谢_____师姐，在我科研迷茫时给我的鼓励，在我科研不顺时给我的安慰，是她教会了我很多为人处事的道理。
感谢同年级的_____、______、______同学，我们一同入学，一同努力奋斗，相互鼓励，相互扶持，共同走过了这段珍贵而美好的硕士时光。
感谢______、______、______、______、______、______等师兄师姐们，正是他们的热情爽朗、乐观向上，陪我度过了刚入课题组的不适应期，感谢他们对新人的特别照顾。感谢_____师弟，让身处异地的我还能幸福地讲着家乡话，特别是找工作的那段日子里，因为有他的帮助，使我有机会如愿回到广东工作。感谢课题组_____、_____等师弟师妹们，正是他们的存在，办公室一直充满欢声和笑语。
感谢好朋友，难以忘记当年一同踏上一路向东的寻梦列车，满城的桂花飘香，信誓旦旦的驻留，三年的时光带走了青涩的岁月，却带不走日渐深厚的友谊。感谢_____的小伙伴们，包括_____、_____、_____、_____、_____和_____等，感谢你们在平日里的关照与惦记，有幸能使_____的友谊在浙里延续，我感到幸福而满足。
感谢我的男朋友，时刻给予我的鼓励与信任，使我勇于探索，追求卓越。六年多的日子里，有你陪伴，我的生活充满快乐和回忆。
最后也是最重要的，我要感谢我的父母和妹妹，人生一路有你们，是我莫大的荣幸。感谢你们给我一个温馨的家庭氛围，使我能自主快乐地学习，按照自己的兴趣生活。正是你们的无私付出，成就了今日的我。
一路走下来有太多值得纪念珍贵的回忆，太多的人太多的事值得我用一辈子去铭记去学习，我会牢牢记住你们的脸，在心里把你们想念，这些美好的青春岁月会成为我记忆里一直的最美，永远不会被抹去。
找篇硕士论文，后面都有的，你可以参考一下
又到毕业季了，大家的论文准备的怎么样了，毕业论文的致谢词准备好了吗?下面是我带来的关于的内容，欢迎阅读参考! 一 my deepest gratitude goes first and foremost to professor , my supervisor, for her constant encouragement and guidance. she has walked me through all the stages of the writing of this thesis. without her consistent and illuminating instruction, this thesis could not have reached its present form. second, i would like to express my heartfelt gratitude toprofessor , who led me into the world of translation. i am also greatly indebted to the professors and teachers at the department of english: professor dddd, professor ssss, who have instructed and helped me a lot in the past two years. last my thanks would go to my beloved family for their loving considerations and great confidence in me all through these years. i also owe my sincere gratitude to my friends and my fellow clas *** ates who gave me their help and time in listening to me and helping me work out my problems during the difficult course of the thesis 。 二 Acknowledgements First of all, I would like to extend my sinceregratitude to my supervisor, Zhang Hong, for herinstructive advice and useful suggestions on my thesis. I am deeply grateful of her help in the pletion of this thesis. High tribute shall be paid to Ms. Geng Li, whose profound knowledge of English triggers my love for this beautiful language and whose earnest attitude tells me how to learn English. I am also deeply indebted to all the other tutors and teachers in Translation Studies for their direct andindirect help to me. Special thanks should go to my friends who have put considerable time and effort into their ments on the draft. Finally, I am indebted to my parents for their continuous support and encouragement. 三 Acknowledgements I would like to express my gratitude to all those who helped me during the writing of this thesis. I gratefullyacknowledge the help of my supervisor, Ms. Sun Yanlan, who has offered me valuable suggestions in the academic studies. In the preparation of the thesis， she has spent much time reading through each draft and provided me with inspiring advice. Without her patient instruction, insightful critici *** and expert guidance, the pletion of this thesis would not have been possible. I also owe a special debt of gratitude to all the professors in Foreign Languages Institute, from whose devoted teaching and enlightening lectures I have benefited a lot and academically prepared for the thesis. I should finally like to express my gratitude to mybeloved parents who have always been helping me out of difficulties and supporting without a word of plaint. 四 I would like to express my gratitude to all those who helped me during the writing of this thesis. My deepest gratitude goes first and foremost to Professor Zhou Yanxia, my supervisor, for his constant encouragement and guidance. He has walked me through all the stages of the writing of this thesis. Without his consistent and illuminating instruction, this thesis could not have reached its present form. Second, I would like to express my heartfelt gratitude to Professor Wang Jinsheng, who led me into the world of translation. I am also greatly indebted to the professors and teachers at the Department of English: Ms. Wu Qing, Feng Shaozhong and Han Xiaoya, who have instructed and helped me a lot in the past two years. Last my thanks would go to my beloved family for their loving considerations and great confidence in me all through these years. I also owe my sincere gratitude to my friends and my fellow clas *** ates who gave me their help and time in listening to me and helping me work out my problems during the difficult course of the thesis.
毕业论文英文致谢词
毕业论文英文致谢词，不管是上班族或者是学生党都应该读过或是写过致谢词，致谢词运用非常的广泛，在外国的'学生需要英文致谢词，英文致谢词怎么写，我和大家一起来看看答辩论文简短致谢词的相关资料。
Upon the completion of this thesis,I am grateful to those who have offered meencouragement and support during the course of my study.
First,specialacknowledgment is given to my respectable supervisor whose patient instruction andconstructive suggestions are beneficial to me a lot.
Second, particular thanks go to allthe teachers and professors who have taught me for their instruction and generoussupport during these years. What is more, I would like to present my thanks to one ofmy special friend from whom I get tremendous love and encouragement as well astechnical instruction. Finally, I would like to express the most heartfelt gratitude to myfamily members who have provided me great help and support.
Though the mostunfortunate thing happened to me, while I survived and became sfronger. Their love isalways the source of my strength during the period of thesis writing. And I love you,dad.
I would like to dedicate my paper to all those who have offered me tremendousassistance during the three years in Zhejiang University of Finance and Economics.
First of all, my heartiest thanks flow to my supervisor, Professor Cao Daogen, forhis helpful guidance, valuable suggestions and constant encouragement both in mystudy and in my life. His profound insight and accurateness about my paper taught meso much that they are engraved on my heart. He provided me with beneficial help andoffered me precious comments during the whole process of my writing, without whichthe paper would not be what it is now.
Also, I would like to express my sincere gratitude to all the professors who havetaught me in this university that greatly broadened my horizon and enriched myknowledge in my study. Their inspirational and conscientious teaching have providedme with a firm basis for the composing of this paper and will always be of great valueto my future academic research.
My thanks also go to the scholars whose monographs and academic papers haveenlightened me in the writing of this paper.
Finally, I would like to extend my deep gratefulness to my family and friends,especially my three roommates, Chen Linghua, Gong Sha and Huang Jin, whoseencouragement and support have made my accomplishments possible.
Acknowledgements My deepest gratitude goes first and foremost to Professor aaa , my supervisor, for her constant encouragement and guidance. She has walked me through all the stages of the writing of this thesis. Without her consistent and illuminating instruction, this thesis could not havereached its present form. Second, I would like to express my heartfelt gratitude to Professor aaa, who led me into the world of translation. I am also greatly indebted to the professors and teachers at the Department of English: Professor dddd, Professor ssss, who have instructed and helped me a lot in the past two years. Last my thanks would go to my friends and my fellow classmates who gave me their help and time in listening to me and helping me work out my problems during the difficult course of the thesis. 别人的，看见了粘过来。
英语文学是英语专业学生的一门重要的课程,对于英语学生的自身能力的提升具有十分重要的意义。下面是我为大家整理的英语文学方向毕业论文，供大家参考。
摘要：教师在教学中从多方面注重学生英语文学素养的培养，同时大学生也要积极进行英语文学素养的培养，不断提升自身的英语文学素养，促进自身的全面发展。
关键词：英语文学;大学生
一、大学生英语文学素养培养的现状
大学生的英语文学素养的培养非常重要，然而在大学的英语教学中教师对于学生文学素养的重视不够，并且学生自身没有较强的意识注重文学素养的培养。大学的英语教学，尤其是非英语专业的英语教学，主要是大学英语课程的教学，在教学中对于学生的文学素养培养没有足够的重视。第一，大学英语的教学主要以学生语言技巧为主，以英语词汇、知识点、语法等为主要讲授内容，教师很少讲授到英美文学的知识，也较少布置有关文学阅读的任务，对于大学生的英语文学素养培养非常不利。第二，英语四级、六级考试，作为国家级考试对于学生的学习要求也主要为英语语言自身的应用，但是对于英语文学方面没有很多的要求,影响着全国大学生的英语学习。从学生角度来说，大学生尤其是非英语专业的学生对于英语兴趣不高，很少学生去阅读英语文学的相关资料，或者有兴趣但是英语能力不足，慢慢失去了对于英语文学的喜爱
二、大学生英语文学素养培养的策略
针对大学生英语文学素养的现状，我们必须注重大学生英语文学素养的培养，从多方面提高大学生的英语文学素养，促进大学生的全面发展。
第一，英语课堂上教师注意培养学生对于英语文学的兴趣。大学的英语课，多是大学英语的课程，很多非英语专业学生英语基础较差，对英语不感兴趣，对于英语文学的兴趣就更小。为了提高大学生的英语文学素养，在英语课堂上教师可以注意学生文学的兴趣培养。在讲授教学内容时，继续增强学生对英语语言的喜爱，恰当地为学生介绍文学作品，联系更多的文学信息，将教学内容与英美的文学知识结合在一起，引起学生对英语文学的兴趣。
第二，教学内容多介绍英语文学的相关知识，带领学生学会文学赏析、评论等。大学英语教学的主要内容都是大学英语课程的内容，教师讲授教学内容时比较偏重与英语语言的应用，对于文学作品的分析、文学作品的赏析进行地很少。为了培养学生的英语文学素养，教师可以讲课时注意突出与教学内容相关的文学知识，在为学生讲解知识点的同时带领学生去学习如何赏析文学作品，对于文学作品进行分析评论，为学生推荐适合的文学作品，让学生从文学作品中获得更多的知识，也获得更多的关于世界、人生的思考。
第三，课上教师采取灵活多样的教学方法来进行英语文学的熏陶。在英语教学过程中，教师采取丰富多彩的教学方式和手段来引导学生对英语文学的兴趣，提升学生对文学的敏感度，促进学生的文学积累。一方面，教师可以将文学学习与电影结合起来。很多的文学作品，尤其是经典的文学作品都被后人拍成电影或者电视，而电影、电视是学生容易接受的方式，而且对于学生来说更具吸引力，在电影中学生对于文学作品有所了解，对于英语语言的应用也更清晰。另一方面，教师应该充分利用网络资源，引导学生接触更多的英语文学知识和作品。在当今时代，接触文学不仅靠书籍，还可以更好地利用网络资源。在信息飞速的时代，教师可以积极引导学生利用网络进行文学阅读和文学思考。
第四，布置课下文学的延伸任务，定期检验学生的完成情况。在英语教学过程中，教师要布置恰当的文学阅读任务和文学赏析作业。根据教学内容，向学生推荐英语文学作品，要求学生完成文学作品的相关任务，鼓励学生在进行文学阅读和赏析的任务过程中，进行思考分析，获得更多的知识和思考。对于布置的文学任务，可以定期进行检查，通过写阅读反思、影评等来检验学生对于文学作业的完成情况。
第五，学生自身要转变观念，变被动培养为主动提高。大学生为了就业，更多的人都选择学习实用性强的课程，对于短期内实用效果较小的文学学习却很忽略。要提高大学生的英语文学素养，学生首先要从思想上转变以前的观念，意识到文学学习和提高文学素养对于自身发展的重要性，重视自身英语文学素养的培养。其次在课堂上和课下主动进行文学作品的阅读和学习，配合教师的文学学习的教学，积极完成教师布置的文学相关作业将文学素养的培养当成一项长期的活动。教师在教学中从多方面注重学生英语文学素养的培养，同时大学生也要积极进行英语文学素养的培养，不断提升自身的英语文学素养，促进自身的全面发展。
参考文献
1、基于思维过程的高中英语文学阅读思维型课堂教学架构兰春寿课程.教材.教法2015-12-01期刊1
2、 英语专业体裁文本依托文学课程体系改革效果分析景婧外语界2015-08-25期刊
摘要：总之，动词汉译英的过程就是由“动态”向“静态”转化、由展开型句法结构向浓缩型句法结构转化的过程，也体现了由汉民族思维方式向英民族思维方式转化的过程。
关键词：英语文学;研究生
一、汉语的“动态”与英语的“静态”
动词是表示人或事物动作、行为、发展、变化的词，是最复杂、最活跃的一种词类。英、汉两种语言对动词的概括意义是一样的，但动词的数量及使用频率与方式却并不一样。从总体修辞效果来看，英语呈“静态”，汉语呈“动态”，亦即，英语有一种少用(谓语)动词而用其他手段;而汉语则有一种多用动词的固有习惯。英语每个句子中只能使用一个限定式动词(并列谓语除外);而汉语中却存在着“连动式”和“兼语式”，如“他到了火车站发现火车已经开走了”，及紧缩句，如“我们下雨也去”。英语的限定动词只能做谓语，而汉语中的动词(包括动宾词组、主谓词组等)不仅做谓语，也可做主语，如“理论联系实际是我们党的优良传统”，宾语，如“鲁迅主张打落水狗”，定语，如“讨论的问题很重要”，状语，如“一定要批判地继承我国的文学艺术遗产”和补语，如“小溪旁那些女人们听得笑起来了”。汉语是一种离不开动词的语言，除了部分句子(即名词谓语句如“今天星期六”和形容词谓语句如“他这几天心情很好”)以外，大量的句子都不止使用一个动词，有的句子几乎全句都是动词，如“打得赢就打，打不赢就走，不怕没办法”。汉语的动词还可以重叠和组合构成新的动词，如“走走”、“商量商量”、“看一看”、“打打闹闹”，而英语的动词却不能。另外汉语中为数不多的介词，也大都是从古代汉语动词演变而来的，有些还具备动词的一般特点，称为“半动词”，“副动词”，“汉语中的绝大多数的‘介词’，应该划归动词的范畴，只是入句时，表现了相当于英语介词的作用”，如“他在家”中的“在”为动词，而“他在家看书”中的“在”则为介词。
二、“动态”与“静态”的思维根源
汉语“动态”与英语“静态”之差异，其深层原因在于汉、英民族思维方式的差异：即汉民族重形象思维、重悟性，而西方人重抽象思维、重理性。汉文化的重要特征之一是“尚象”，汉民族习惯于“观物取像”，即取万物之象，加工成为象征意义的符号来反映、认识客观事物的规律，形成了偏重形象，即偏重具体的思维方式;西方文化的重要特征之一是“尚思”，注重逻辑与形式论证，形成了以概念、判断和推理为思维形式，偏重抽象的思维方式。这种思维形式的不同在语言上表现为：英语语言常常使用大量的涵义概括、指称笼统的抽象名词来表达复杂的理性概念，因而显得“虚”和“静”;而汉语则习惯于形象语言，用形象的方法来表达抽象的事物，动词的形象性即满足了中文的需求，由于大量地使用动词，汉语言因而显得“实”和“动”。另外，汉民族相比于西方人更倾向于注重悟性，汉语由意念贯通，行文造句不需要严格的语法规则来规范，词的用法也非常灵活，动词的使用即非常灵活。汉语的动词由于没有形态变化的约束，使用起来十分自由、灵活，可以充当句子的各种成分，也可以连用形成连动式和兼语式，还可以重叠和组合构成新的动词，动词的大量使用使汉语的表达呈现“动态”的倾向。与之相反，西方人更注重理性，注重形式论证，在语言上表现为形态的外漏和形式上的完整，因此行文造句需要严格的语法规则来规范。英语句子有严谨的主谓结构，一个句子结构通常只使用一个谓语动词，大量本应该用动词表达的概念，只能用非谓语动词来表达，或借助于动词以外的词类，主要是由动词派生而来的名词，有时还要借助于介词、副词及由动词转化而来的形容词，这样便产生了动词的虚化和弱化，使得英语的表达呈现“静态”的倾向。
三、汉译英中动词的处理
鉴于学生动态英译文的问题，从“动态”与“静态”这一修辞差异入手来探讨汉译英中汉语动词(不包括判断动词和能愿动词)的处理，应是汉译英教学中的非常重要的一讲。
(一)单动词汉语句子中动词的处理
“英语的静态修辞的实质是名词优势和介词优势，而介词优势又是名词优势的必然结果。因为名词与名词之间要借助介词来联结”。英语倾向于用名词(词组)来表达汉语用动词所表达的概念，即动作、行为、状态等，尤其在科技、法律、政治等正式文体中更是如此。这不仅使英语句子简洁紧凑，也避免了将人牵涉进来，从而使语句意义更加含蓄、间接，符合英民族表达习惯，因而句子优美。因此，在有些情况下，汉语动词并不是译成英语动词，而是要遵循英语的这一修辞特点，进行必要的词性转换，即动词向名词和介词的转化(如a和b)，有时也转化成副词和形容词(如c和d)等，使译文符合英语的句法规律，因而更加地道、更显文采。a.他很贪嘴。.这不符合我们党的政策.ThisisnotinkeepingwithourParty’.桌布铺上了吗?Istheclothon?d.他怀疑我的动机。Heissuspiciousofmyintentions.
(二)多动词汉语句子中动词的处理
汉语注重“动态”描写，一个句子中往往会涌现大量的动词，但并不会引起句子的臃肿和混乱.汉语的动词可以作句子的不同成分;一个句子中可以连用两个或更多的动词作谓语，有时一个句子中会集结异常大量的动词，按照各动作实际上的时间顺序或逻辑上的因果次序，将事件一一如实说出，甚至尽量省略关系词以达到动词集中、动词突出的效果。因此在将汉语句中充当主语、宾语、定语、状语、宾补的动词译成英语时，有的可以省译，有的要进行词性转换或译成非限定动词;在将汉语的连动式结构译成英文时，首先要确定一个主要动词，作为谓语动词，与主语形成SV主干，构成全句中心，其他动词有的可以省译，有的作为次要动词进行词性转换或译成非限定动词、独立主格结构，打破汉语的时间或事理顺序，运用英语所富有的各种关系词或关系手段，适当地将它们嫁接到句子的中心主干上，形成空间立体布局，使句子语义层次分明。当然，在将连动式结构译成英文时，若有两个或以上动词都该是英译文中的谓语动词，则应将其译成并列谓语。但译文谓语动词如果铺排过多，就会显得很累赘，语义层次很不分明，带有浓厚的汉语色彩，这时，应首先采取断句处理。
总之，动词汉译英的过程就是由“动态”向“静态”转化、由展开型句法结构向浓缩型句法结构转化的过程，也体现了由汉民族思维方式向英民族思维方式转化的过程。这个过程完成得好，译文就符合英语语言的规范，这个过程完成得不好，译文就会汉化，妨碍了原文内容的确切表达。我们的学生动辄用动词写英语句子，而且多是小短句或简单的复合句，带有浓厚的汉语气息，主要是受汉语“动态”修辞的影响。因此在汉译英教学中，我们一定要引导学生用英语的“静态”修辞进行思维，克服汉语“动态”修辞的影响，为汉译英实践打下良好的基础。
参考文献
1、加拿大英语文学在中国的译介(1949—2009)——兼论社会文化对文学翻译的制约朱振武; 綦亮上海大学学报(社会科学版)
18. 美国文学史 简介：(字数:3963,页数:11 ) 19. 汉英叠词对比研究及其翻译 简介：(字数:13516,页数:31) 20. 人民币升值对我国出口贸易结构的影响--中英文对照 简介：(字数:4268,页数:17 ) 21. 房地产品牌发展与战略对策--中英文对照 简介：(字数:6157,页数:19 ) 22. 英语教学之交际教学法毕业论文 简介：(字数:4899,页数:21 ) 23. 商务信函写作毕业论文 简介：(字数:5878,页数:22 ) 24. 东西方文化的差异毕业论文 简介：(字数:3448,页数:14 ) 25. 学生英语口语能力的培养 简介：(字数:7949,页数:26 ) 26. 美国人无根性的历史根源及其对美国人生活的影响 简介：(字数:7866,页数:24 ) 27. 大学英语听力提高对策初探 简介：(字数:6926,页数:24 )
我有一个是英语文学方面的.不知道是不是你想要的.这可是我的得意之作.我就是靠这个论文拿了优秀毕业论文的.如果你满意,一定要把我选为最佳哦,谢谢!题目是:The analysis of Symbolic Images in Tony Morrison's BelovedThesis statement: The paper intends to analyze the symbolic images in Tony Morrison's . Introduction introduction of the author brief review of symbolid appraisal brief of the Origin of Tony Morrison's Symbolic production of the with other works in symbolic Categories of Symbolic Images in . Body marksD. Linguistic Interpreation with Reference to Symbolic ImagesA. Memory of the Afro-American traditional cultureD. Maternal contribution to Afro-American influence produced by Symbolic Images and its profound meaning.
语言和内容是评判一篇英语论文质量高低的重要依据；但是,写作格式规范与否亦是一个不可忽略的衡量标准。因此,规范英语论文的格式,使之与国际学术惯例接轨,对我们从事英语教学,英语论文写作,促进国际学术交流都具有重要意义。由于英语论文写作规范随学科不同而各有所异,本文拟就人文类学科英语论文的主要组成部分,概述美国教育界、学术界通行的人文类英语论文写作规范,以供读者参考、仿效。一、英语论文的标题一篇较长的英语论文(如英语毕业论文)一般都需要标题页,其书写格式如下:第一行标题与打印纸顶端的距离约为打印纸全长的三分之一,与下行(通常为by,居中)的距离则为5cm,第三、第四行分别为作者姓名及日期(均居中)。如果该篇英语论文是学生针对某门课程而写,则在作者姓名与日期之间还需分别打上教师学衔及其姓名(如:Dr./)及本门课程的编号或名称(如:English 734或British Novel)。打印时,如无特殊要求,每一行均需double space,即隔行打印,行距约为(论文其他部分行距同此)。就学生而言,如果英语论文篇幅较短,亦可不做标题页(及提纲页),而将标题页的内容打在正文第一页的左上方。第一行为作者姓名,与打印纸顶端距离约为,以下各行依次为教师学衔和姓、课程编号(或名称)及日期；各行左边上下对齐,并留出左右的页边空白(下同)。接下来便是论文标题及正文(日期与标题之间及标题与正文第一行之间只需隔行打印,不必留出更多空白)。二、英语论文提纲英语论文提纲页包括论题句及提纲本身,其规范格式如下:先在第一行(与打印纸顶端的距离仍为左右)的始端打上 Thesis 一词及冒号,空一格后再打论题句,回行时左边须与论题句的第一个字母上下对齐。主要纲目以大写罗马数字标出,次要纲目则依次用大写英文字母、阿拉伯数字和小写英文字母标出。各数字或字母后均为一句点,空出一格后再打该项内容的第一个字母；处于同一等级的纲目,其上下行左边必须对齐。需要注意的是,同等重要的纲目必须是两个以上,即:有Ⅰ应有Ⅱ,有A应有B,以此类推。如果英文论文提纲较长,需两页纸,则第二页须在右上角用小写罗马数字标出页码,即ii(第一页无需标页码)。三、英语论文正文有标题页和提纲页的英语论文,其正文第一页的规范格式为:论文标题居中,其位置距打印纸顶端约5cm,距正文第一行约。段首字母须缩进五格,即从第六格打起。正文第一页不必标页码(但应计算其页数),自第二页起,必须在每页的右上角(即空出第一行,在其后部)打上论文作者的姓,空一格后再用阿拉伯数字标出页码；阿拉伯数字(或其最后一位)应为该行的最后一个空格。在打印正文时尚需注意标点符号的打印格式,即:句末号(句号、问号及感叹号)后应空两格,其他标点符号后则空一格。......来源：
毕业论文写作结构
导语：毕业论文的写作结构是什么呢?了解论文写作结构，是撰写论文的前提。而论文写作结构包括题目、摘要、正文等方面。下面是我分享的论文写作结构，欢迎阅读!
1、题目： 应简洁、明确、有概括性，字数不宜超过20个字。
2、文献综述： 一般不少于1000字。
3、摘要： 要有高度的概括力，语言精练、明确。同时有中、英文对照，中文摘要约300—400汉字;英文摘要约200—300个实词。
4、关键词： 从论文标题或正文中挑选3～5个最能表达主要内容的词作为关键词，同时有中、英文对照，分别附于中、英文摘要后。
5、目录： 写出目录，标明页码。
6、正文：
(1)毕业论文正文：包括前言、本论、结论三个部分。
前言(引言)是论文的开头部分，主要说明论文写作的目的、现实意义、对所研究问题的认识，并提出论文的中心论点等。前言要写得简明扼要，篇幅不要太长。
本论是毕业论文的主体，包括研究内容与方法、实验材料、实验结果与分析(讨论)等。在本部分要运用各方面的研究方法和实验结果，分析问题，论证观点，尽量反映出自己的科研能力和学术水平。
结论是毕业论文的收尾部分，是围绕本论所作的结束语。其基本的要点就是总结全文，加深题意。
(2)毕业设计说明书正文包括前言、本论、结论三个部分。
前言(引言)：说明本设计的目的、意义、范围及应达到的技术要求;简述本课题在国内外的发展概况及存在的问题;本设计的指导思想;阐述本设计应解决的主要问题。
本论：
①设计方案论证：说明设计原理并进行方案选择。说明为什么要选择这个设计方案(包括各种方案的分析、比较);阐述所采用方案的特点(如采用了何种新技术、新措施、提高了什么性能等)。
②计算部分：这部分在设计说明书中应占有相当的比例。要列出各零部件的工作条件、给定的参数、计算公式以及各主要参数计算的详细步骤和计算结果;根据此计算应选用什么原器件或零部件;对应采用计算机的设计还应包括各种软件设计。
③结构设计部分：包括机械结构设计、各种电气控制线路设计及功能电路设计、计算机控制的硬件装置设计等，以及以上各种设计所绘制的图纸。
④样机或试件的各种实验及测试情况：包括实验方法、线路及数据处理等。
⑤方案的校验：说明所设计的系统是否满足各项性能指标的要求，能否达到预期效果。校验的`方法可以是理论验算(即反推算)，包括系统分析;也可以是实验测试及计算机的上机运算等。
结论：概括说明设计的情况和价值，分析其优点和特色、有何创新、性能达到何水平，并应指出其中存在的问题和今后改进的方向。
7、谢辞： 简述自己通过做毕业论文(设计)的体会，并应对指导教师和协助完成论文(设计)的有关人员表示谢意。
8、参考文献： 在毕业论文(设计说明书)末尾要列出在论文(设计)中参考过的专著、论文及其他资料，所列参考文献应按文中参考或引证的先后顺序排列。
9、注释： 在论文(设计说明书)写作过程中，有些问题需要在正文之外加以阐述和说明。
10、附录： 对于一些不宜放在正文中，但有参考价值的内容，可编入附录中。例如，公式的推演、编写的算法、语言程序等。
1.页眉：宋体5号，居中;奇数页按照“第1章 绪论”的形式书写章号和章题目，章号和章题目间需空一格;偶数页毕业设计的学生书写“XXX大学XXX学院本科毕业设计论文”、课程设计的学生书写“XXX大学XXX学院课程设计”、项目制开发的学生书写“XXX大学XXX学院项目制开发”
2.大标题：黑体小3号，居中;段前30磅、段后30磅、行距固定值20磅，章号和章题目间需空一格
3.一级节标题：黑体4号;段前18磅、段后18磅、行距固定值20磅
4.二级节标题：黑体小4号;段前12磅、段后12磅、行距固定值20磅
5.三级节标题：黑体小4号;行距固定值23磅
6.正文部分：中文采用宋体小4号、英文采用Times New Roman小4号;段前6磅，行距固定值20磅，首行缩进2字符;一章结束后必须换页重新写下一章
7.页脚：阿拉伯数字
8.图：
1)图的标码须在图的正下方居中;宋体5号;段前6磅、段后6磅、行距固定值20磅
2)数据来源需写在图的左下方，宋体5号
9.表：
1)表的标码须在图的正上方居中;宋体5号;段前6磅、段后6磅、行距固定值20磅
2)数据来源需写在图的左下方，宋体5号
10.公式：
公式内容居中，公式标码括号括起写在右边行末，公式与括号间不加虚线
大学生毕业论文的结构通常包括以下几个部分：1. 封面：包括论文题目、作者姓名、学校和学院名称、指导教师姓名、提交日期等信息。2. 中文摘要：简要概括论文的研究目的、方法、结果和结论，通常不超过500字。3. 英文摘要：对中文摘要的翻译版本，与中文摘要内容一致。4. 目录：列出论文各章节的标题和页码，便于读者查找论文内容。5. 引言：介绍论文的背景、研究目的和意义，概述已有研究的现状和不足，阐述本论文的研究问题和方法，给读者提供对后续内容的整体理解。6. 文献综述：对相关领域的先前研究和学术著作进行综合评述和分析，指出研究现状、研究方法和理论框架，识别出研究空白和论文的研究价值。7. 方法与材料：描述论文所采用的研究方法和实验设计，说明数据收集和分析方法，详细介绍实验材料、样本选择、实验设备等相关信息。8. 结果与讨论：呈现和解释研究的主要结果，分析数据并与研究目标进行讨论，阐明结果的含义、局限性和相关性。9. 结论：总结论文的研究工作和主要发现，回顾研究目的和问题，提出对研究领域的贡献和建议，概括研究的重要意义。10. 参考文献：列出所有在论文中引用的文献，按照特定的引用格式（如APA、MLA等）进行格式化。11. 附录：包括一些论文中辅助性的内容，如调查问卷、详细数据、图表、程序代码等。声明：该答案来源于“知否AI问答”，一款可提供专业、高速、稳定的文案生成与问答系统！TA可以帮您构思论文思路、大纲撰写、润色、降重，辅助你快速高效的完成论文。请注意，具体论文结构的安排可能会因学校、学院或专业的要求而有所不同。因此，最好参考学校或学院的论文写作指南和要求，确保你的论文结构符合相关的要求和规范。
前面所讲的序论、本论、结论是毕业论文结构的基本型，就毕业论文全文的具体结构安排，常见的有如下几种：
(一)总提分述
所谓总提分述f就是先提出中心论点，然后分别从几个方面去论证，阐明中心论点。这种形式也叫“首括式”(演绎法);
(总提)(分述)
第一层次{第二层次
第三层次
第四层次
如毛泽东：《中国共产党在民族战争中的地位》中“学习”一了：
(总提)(分述)
一切有相当研究能力的共产党员，都要研究马克思、思格斯、列宁、斯大林的理论，都要研究我们民族的历史，都要研究当前运动的情况和趋势;并经过他们去教育那些文化水平低的党员
{第一，要研究马克思列宁主义理论
第二，要研究我们的历史遗产
第三，要研究当前运动的情况和趋势
(二)先分论后总论
先分论后总论，就是从几个方面比较分析，然后归纳起来得出结论。这种结构形式也oq“尾括式”(归纳法); 开题报告
(分述)(总论)
第一层次
第二层次
第三层次}第四层次
如毛泽东：《新民主主义论》中“民族的科学的大众的文化”一节：
(分述)(总论)
1.这种新民主主义的文化是民族的
2.这种新民主主义的文化是科学的
3.这种新民主主义的文化是大众的
}民族的科学的大众的文化，就是人民大众反帝反封建的文化，就是新民主主义的文化，就是中华民族的新文化
(三)总提、分述、总论
总提、分述、总论三者兼而有之，也称为“双括式”： 开题报告
(总提)(分述)(总论)
第一层次{第二层次
第三层次
第四层次}第五层次
如毛泽东：《改造我们的学习》一文
(总提)(分述)(总论)
提出改造我们学习的主张
{1.为什么要改造我们的学习
2.改造什么
3.改造问题的实质
}提出解决问题酌具体办法
(四)推进式
推进式就是一步一步深入，是由浅入深的论证方法，也叫退步式： 开题报告
第一层次……提出问题
↓
第二层次……叙述现象
↓
第三层次……分析原因
↓
第四层次……找出症结
↓
第五层次……解决问题(得出结论) 总结大全
如《崇高的理想》一文：
思想汇报
不同时代不同的人都有自己的理想
―>理想有社会性、阶级性
―>理想问题实质是一个人的世界观问题
―>树立祟高的共产主义理想，这个理想一定会实现
―>共产主义理想是有史以来最祟高的理想
(五)综合式
把以上几种方式结合起来安排层次结构，就可以形成综合式结构。一篇论文往往要论及许多事物，牵涉到许多方面。而每一事件又都是复杂的，都有很多方面。因此，论文往往难以用单一结构来说明问题。这就有必要采用综合式的结构： 简历大全
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
(总提)
{(分述)
}(总论)
第一层次{第三层次
第二层次第四层次(总提分述)
第五层次
↓
第六层次}第十二层次
第七层次第九层次(先分论后总论)
第八层次
↓
第十层次(推进式)
第十一层次
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 作文
(六)散述式
散述式就是边分析边作结论，没有总提也没有总结，是松散的叙述，在毕业论文中很少采用这种结构方式，一般用于一些议论文中： 总结大全
第一层次...第二层次...第三层次...第四层次 开题报告
如斯大林：《悼列宁》一文
论述党
...
论述无产阶级专政和它的三个基石
...
论述巩固和扩大全世界劳动者联盟