高级英语研究论文范文

高中英语作文范文写作讲评......看图作文讲评8 江苏省石庄高级中学 秦建华 为迎接高考高中作文讲评课，你常常复习功课到深夜。请根据下列图画用英语写一篇日记。 注意：1、日记须包括所有图画的内容，高中作文讲评教案可以适当增 ...详见：

Possible version: The diagram shows us the comparison of English materials purchase made by the senior students in our school in the early 1990s and in 2005. In 2005 there were more new choices for students, like Internet (10%) and CD/DVD (28%). While in the early 1990s there were only tapes (33%) and reference books (67%). At the same time, the average expenditure on English materials has increased from 60 yuan in the early 1990s to 210 yuan in 2005. From these, we learn that there are more choices of materials on English learning and that students spend more money on them. Some reasons can explain this (phenomenon). First, many students realize the importance of learning English. English is widely used all over the world. Second, since China entered WTO, learning English has become more popular. Third,as science and technology have been developing so fast / with the development of science and technology, these latest English learning facilities have already been proved far more useful and effective than traditional books. Build a Harmonious SocietyDear fellow students, Our government is going to build a "harmonious society". I think it is everyone's duty to work hard to achieve thisgoal. As high school students, what should we do ? First of all, we should love our motherland. Let's take a GREat interest in the development of our hometowns and take an active part in our school's activities. Secondly, let's fill the world with love. We should show our respect for old people, our parents and our teachers. We should also care for each other and help those in need. Most important of all, all of us must be faithful and honest in our daily life. Finally, let's work together to save energy and protect our natural environment, including animals, trees, flowers and grass. As for myself, I will study even harder and try my best to do all the above. Dear fellow students, let's start right now and spare no effort to do a little bit every day, every hour, and every minute! Li Xiaoping From Jiangsu HighSchool

英语作为一门学科，其本身即承载和蕴含有丰富的德育功能。但这些德育动能需要教师有意识的创设一定的教育情境。情景是道德教育中重要而有意义的组成部分。下面是我给大家推荐的英语教育类论文范文，希望大家喜欢!

《高中英语课堂教学中的德育教育与教学方法探索》

摘要：本文简要论述了英语语言和高中英语课程中所蕴含的德育功能，并进一步提出教师在利用教材和课堂所提供的虚拟道德情境帮助学生获得道德认知的基础上，还应该采用多种教学方法，有意识的为学生在课堂上提供人际交往的机会和场景。以创设真实的道德教育情境，在帮助学生有效完成英语学习的同时，引导他们达到道德知、情、意、行的统一。

关键词：道德;德育教育;高中英语;道德教育情境

中共中央国务院《关于进一步加强和改进未成年人思想道德建设的若干意见》要求：“学校……把德育工作摆在素质教育的首要位置，贯穿于教育教学的各个环节。”道德教育不是学校某一门课程的专有职能，也不是只在某一特定时候才开展的工作。“只有将道德教育与知识教学结合起来，通过学校开设的各种课程进行道德教育，才能为人的精神丰富与道德成长找到一条有效的途径”。

一、英语语言所蕴含的德育功能

早在上世纪20年代初，萨丕尔就指出，语言是描述人类经验与对世界认识的方式，同一语言社区的成员有着共同的、系统的信仰和理念，他们决定了社区的结构，并通过语言表达出来。因此，语言与文化不是互不相干的孤立的现象，他们紧密联系在一起。当代语言观认为，语言是文化的主要载体，也是习得文化的主要途径之一，而离开了文化，也不可能正确的习得与学习语言。何谓文化?英国人类学家泰勒(1871)指出，文化是指社会成员习得的知识、信仰，艺术、道德、法律与习俗的综合体。等人则进一步将文化分成三大块：思想、产物、与行为，而其中思想起着决定性作用。3由此可见。英语语言本身就承载着思想道德的内容。学习英语语言的过程，同时也是从另一个角度接受德育教育的过程。

二、高中英语课程中的德育功能

要开发和实现高中英语课程中的德育功能，首先要澄清德育教育的内容是什么。道德是一个人对人、事、物及其关系的基本观点，态度，情感及行为表现。4在人与人(他人与群体)之间，主体我(I)与客体我(me)之间，人与动物、人与自然、人与工作、人与神之间都存在道德关系。5从1997年3月正式开始实施的“全球生活价值教育项目”(Living Values Educa-tional Project)所提出的核心德目对我们的德育教育应该具有启示和指导作用，它们是：合作、自由、幸福、诚实、谦卑、爱心、和平、尊重、责任、朴素、容忍、团结。

教育部干2003年颁布的《普通高中英语课程标准(试验)》对英语的课程性质作了如下规定：“英语课程的学习，既是学生通过英语学习和实践活动，逐步掌握英语知识和技能，提高语言实际运用能力的过程，又是他们磨练意志、陶冶情操、拓展事业、丰富生活经历，开发个性和提高人文素养的过程。”这其中显然包含了思想道德教育的内容。相应的，《课程标准》将“培养爱国主义精神，形成健康的人生观”等作为英语课程的任务之一。

我们现行高中英语教材是高中英语教学的媒介物，是经过筛选的学习资料，这些材料本身就蕴含有丰富的德育功能。以人教版全日制普通高级中学教科书(必修)英语第二册(上)为例：该书包括10个主题单元的内容，这10个主题分别涉及到了辩学、自然、文学、艺术、文化、生活、环保等领域，为学生提供了相关方面的一些知识，同时也为他们深入思考人类与这些事物之间的道德关系提供了很好的平台。比如第一单元的阅读文章No:Boundaries给学生简要介绍了Stephen Hawking，学生可以在学习掌握英语语言知识的同时，了解Hawking顽强的奋斗史，从而去追问顽强、信念、意志、责任之于生命的意义，去探求自由、幸福的哲学意义。

三、英语教学与道德教育情境的创设

如前所述，英语作为一门学科，其本身即承载和蕴含有丰富的德育功能。但这些德育动能需要教师有意识的创设一定的教育情境。情景是道德教育中重要而有意义的组成部分，情景不同，所产生的学习方式不同，其学习结果和效果也不同。

(一)课堂教学与虚拟道德情景

课堂教学就可以提供一种道德教育情境。以扎实高效的认知法(the cognitive approach)为例，其步骤一般是这样的：1、复习导入。讲解新词;2，讲解语法;3、语法练习;4、讲授新课，并展小组活动。逐句讨论课文内容与意义。教师总结;5、回到课文，听录音，学生就课文内容提问。如此，尤其是在开展第4和第5步骤的过程中，学生在老师有意识的引导下，在阅读材料和课堂所提供的虚拟情境中，即可获得一定的道德认知。但认知并非道德教育的全部，道德情感、道德意志和道德行动亦是道德教育非常重要的组成部分，毕竟，“人是做成的而并非生就的”。对于虚拟情境中的个体来讲，他的所作所为只是他的一种意象，并不能保证其在真实情最能够达到道德知、情、意、行的统一。

(二)课堂教学与真实道德情景

课堂教学中的真实情境最主要的是课堂人际交往中发生的各种场景，包括师生交往、生生交往等。这种情境因为过去一直没有受到教师教育意识的足够关注，教师和学生往往会在这种情境中展示出自己最自然本真的一面，因而它所体现的道德更多的是直觉性和习惯化的行为，因此也就更加利于师生之间进行更加有效的道德观察、道德评价和道德教育。当然，这要求教师在课堂教学中注意采用一些鼓励课堂人际交往的教学方法，如交际法，提示法、社区式语言学习法、整体教学法，任务型语言教学法、合作型学习等，并在教学开展的过程中有意识的关注自己和学生在课堂交往时的道德行为和表现，及时给予评价或鼓励。

需要说明的是，在道德教育的过程中——无论是虚拟情境抑或真实情境中，应鼓励学生在对话与协商中提升其道德判断和行为抉择的能力。为了保证师生、生生之间对话与协商的有效，在课堂交往中教师应注意有关言说与倾听有关的问题。在这里，哈贝马斯()所界定的理想言说的四个条件或许会有帮助：言说内容的真实性;言说行动的适当性，言说者意向的真诚性，言说含义的可领会性。至于倾听，教师则应注意避免“不倾听”、“不健全倾听”、“虚假倾听”、“拒绝倾听”、“批发式倾听”和“同情式倾听”等几种情况和倾向。

当然，德育教育绝非仅由教师和课堂教育教学就能完成，它需要政府、社会、学校、社区，家长和受教育者本人的共同努力。本研究仅希望能够对广大同行在相关方面的课堂教学提供一些思考。

点击下页还有更多>>>英语教育类论文范文

高级英语作文八篇

在学习、工作乃至生活中，说到作文，大家肯定都不陌生吧，作文可分为小学作文、中学作文、大学作文（论文）。你所见过的作文是什么样的呢？以下是我为大家整理的高级英语作文8篇，供大家参考借鉴，希望可以帮助到有需要的朋友。

1、at the same time 同时 for instance 例如

2、Besides/what,s more 而且；此外 from now on 从此

3、but 但是 by this time 此时

4、after a few days 几天以后 certainly 无疑地；当然地

5、beside 此外 for this purpose 为了这个目的

6、of course当然 truly 事实上；真实地

7、by and large 一般说来 thus 因此

8、all the same 依然；照样 however 然而；无论如何

9、to begin with 首先；第一 一方面…（另一方面）

10、meanwhile 与此同时 thirdly 第三

11、as a result结果 in sum 总之，简而言之

12、in the first place 首先；第一 on the whole 总起来说

13、above all 最重要的是 accordingly 于是

14、after all 毕竟 fortunately 幸运地

15、no doubt 无疑地 such as 正如

16、by doing so 如此 to sum up 总而言之

17、all in all 总之

18、at first 最初 for one thing…（for another）

19、certainly 当然地；无疑地 obviously 显然

20、currently 目前；最后 recently 最近

21、in addition 此外 second 第二；第二点

22、in fact 事实上 unlike 不像……；和……不同

23、obviously 明显地 later 后来

24、as a matter of fact 事实上 yet仍；然而；但是

25、moreover 而且，此外 for another 其次

26、in short 简而言之 truly 的确

27、in fact 事实上 similarly 同样地

28、still 仍然 unfortunately 不幸地

29、also/too 并且；又 for example 例如

30、in addition to… 除…之外 secondly 第二

31、in conclusion 总之，最后 undoubtedly 无疑

32、at the same time同时；然而 luckily 幸运地

33、indeed 的确 third 第三；第三点

34、in brief 简言之 no doubt 毫无疑问

35、particularly特别地 unlike …不像……；和……不同

36、anyway 无论如何 in spite of 尽管……；虽然……

37、though/although 尽管 no doubt 无疑地

38、at present 现在；当今 首先…（其次）…

39、finally 最后 to conclude 总而言之

40、in particular 特别（地） soon 不久

41、briefly 简单扼要地 to speak frankly 坦白地说

42、eventually 最后 surely 无疑

43、what is more 而且；此外

44、in the same way 同样地 still 仍然

45、at last 最后 therefore 因此

46、as I have said 如我所述 on the whole 总体来说；整个看来

47、in a word 总之 so 所以

48、presently 现在；此刻 now 现在

49、first（ly）第一 in general 一般说来

50、even though即使 otherwise 否则

51、in/by contrast 对比之下 on the contrary 相反地

52、in the beginning 起初 one the one hand…（on the other hand）

53、in other words 换句话说 so 所以

54、after/after that/afterwards此后 by this time 此时

55、first of all 首先；第一 generally speaking 一般地说

56、lately 最近 to start with 首先；第一

57、as has been noted 如前所述 in summary 简要地说

58、after a while过了一会儿 therefore 因此；结果

59、by the way 顺便提一句 then 然后

1.强迫 coerces into(coerce means you make someone do something s/he does not want to)、compel 代替force

2.扩大 magnify(magnify means make something larger than it really is) 代替enlarge

3.赞扬 extol(stronger than praise)、compliment(polite and politic 代替praise

4.刻苦的 assiduous(someone who is assiduous works hard or does things very thoroughly 代替hard-working

5.艰巨的 arduous (if something is arduous、it is difficult and tiring、and involves a lot of efforts) 代替difficult

6.贫瘠的 barren、infertile(used to describe the soil is so poor that plants cannot be planted on it) 代替poor (soil)

7.易碎的 brittle、vulnerable(someone who is vulnerable is easily hurt emotionally or physically) 代替fragile

8.展示 demonstrate (to demonstrate a fact means tp make it clear to people. ) 代替show

9.公正的 impartial(someone who is impartial is able to give a fair opinion or decision on something. ) 代替fair

10.袭击 assault (physically attack someone)、assail (attack violently) 代替attack

11.憎恶 abhor(abhor means you hate something to a extreme extent for moral reasons)、loathe(dislike very much) 代替dislike

12. 破坏 devastate (it means damage something very badly、or utterly destroy it. ) 代替ruin

13.总是 invariably(the same as always、but better than always) 代替always

14.永久的 perpetual(a perpetual state never changes)、immutable(something immutable will never change or be changed) 代替forever

15.吃惊 startle(it means surprise you slightly)、astound(surprise you to a large degree),astonish(the same as astound) 代替surprise

16.热情 zeal (a great enthusiasm)、fervency (sincere and enthusiasm) 代替enthusiasm

17.平静的,安静的 tranquil(calm and peaceful)、serene(calm and quiet) 代替quiet

18.错综复杂的 intricate(if something is intricate、it often has many small parts and details) 代替ccomplex

19.独自的 solitary (if someone is solitary、there is no one near him/her 代替lonely

20.非常小的 minuscule(very small)、minute 代替small

1. architectural industry 建筑工业

2. map out 制定出

3. city designing 城市设计

4. beautify our life 美化我们的生活

5. human civilization 人类文明

6. cradle of culture 文化摇篮

7. mainstream culture 主流文化

8. cultural traditions 文化传统

9. national pride 民族自豪

10. local customs and practices 风土人情

11. attract people’s eyes 吸引人们的眼球

12. artistic taste 艺术品味

13. cornerstone 基石

14. be closely interrelated with… 与…有密切关系

15. adhere to the tradition 坚持传统

16. architectural vandalism 破坏建筑行为

17. carry forward … 弘扬…

18. cultural needs 文化需求

19. reputation 声望

20. maintain the world peace 维护世界和平

21. cultural diversity 文化多元化

22. cultural treasures 文化宝藏

23. cross-cultural communication 跨文化交流

24. cultural reconstruction 文化重建

25. spiritual civilization 精神文明

26. heritage 遗产

27. achievements of art 艺术成就

28. tear down 拆除

29. humane historical sites 人文历史遗址

30. preserve the cultural relics 保护文化遗产

31. blueprint 蓝图

32. skyscraper 摩天大楼

33. high-rise office buildings 高层写字楼

34. city construction 城市建设

35. well-structured 结构良好的

36. crystallization 结晶

37. visual enjoyment 视觉享受

38. driving force 驱动力

39. reconstruct 重建

40. destruct 破坏

41. artistic reflection 艺术反映

42. give publicity to… 宣传…

43. burden 负担

44. cause irreversible damage 造成不可逆转的损失

45. national identity and value 民族特性和价值观

46. remove prejudice and misunderstanding 消除偏见和误解

47. symbol 象征

48. artistic standards 艺术水准

49. enjoy great popularity 广受欢迎

devolution 文化退化

Describing graphs Ex 4: Sample answer: (132words)

The share price of IBM and AOL showed a upward trend from June until the end of , while AOL shares then continued to rise steadily over the next three months, the price of IBM shares fell slightly. By March 1999 both shares were worth about $100.

AOL shares then shot up, almost doubling in value within four weeks. They reached a high of $180 in mid-April before collapsing to just over $100 per share at the beginning of May. There was a slight recovery during that month however, despite this by June 1999 the price of AOL shares was once again about $100. In contrast, despite minor fluctuations, IBM shares made a steady recovery over the three month period, finishing at just over $100, almost equal to AOL.

一、引出开头

1：It is well-known to us that……（我们都知道……）==As far as my knowledge is concerned, …（ 就我所知…）2：Recently the problem of…… has been brought into focus. ==Nowadays there is a growing concern over ……（最近……问题引起了关注）

3：Nowadays（overpopulation）has become a problem we have to face.（现今，人口过剩已成为我们不得不面对的问题）

4：Internet has been playing an increasingly important role in our day-to-day life. It has brought a lot of benefits but has created some serious problems as well.（互联网已在我们的生活扮演着越来越重要的角色，它给我们带来了许多好处但也产生了一些严重的问题）

5：With the rapid development of science and technology，more and more people believe that……（随着科技的迅速发展，越来越多的人认为……）

6：It is a common belief that……==It is commonly believed that……（人们一般认为……）

7：A lot of people seem to think that……（很多人似乎认为……）8：It is universally acknowledged that + 句子（全世界都知道...）

二、表达不同观点

1：People's views on……vary from person to person. Some hold that……However, others believe that……（人们对……的观点因人而异，有些人认为……然而其他人却认为……）

2：People may have different opinions on……（人们对……可能会持有不同见解）

3：Attitudes towards （drugs）vary from person to person.==Different people hold different attitudes towards（failure）（人们对待吸毒的.态度因人而异）

4：There are different opinions among people as to……（对于……人们的观点大不相同）

三、表示结尾

1：In short, it can be said that……（总之，他的意思是……）

2：From what has been mentioned above, we can come to the conclusion that……（从上面提到的，我们可以得出结论……）

3：Taking all these factors into consideration, we naturally/reasonably come to the conclusion that……（把所有的这些因素加以考虑，我们自然可以得出结论……）

4：Hence/Therefore, we'd better come to the conclusion that……（因此，我们最好的出这样的结论……）

5：There is no doubt that (jo有优点也有缺点）

6：All in all, we cannot live without……,but at the same time we must try to find out new ways to cope with the problems that would arise.（总之，我们没有……无法生活，但同时我们必须寻求新的解决办法来面对可能出现的新问题）

四、提出建议

1：It is high time that we put an end to the (trend).（该是我们停止这一趋势的时候了）

2：There is no doubt that enough concern must be paid to the problem of……（毫无疑问，对……问题应予以足够重视）

3：Obviously ,if we want to do something … it is essential that……（显然，如果我们想要做么事，很重要的是……）

4：Only in this way can we ……（只有这样，我们才能……）5：Spare no effort to + V （不遗余力的）

五、预示后果

1：Obviously，if we don't control the problem, the chances are that……will lead us in danger.（很明显，如果我们不能控制这一问题，很有可能我们会陷入危险）

2：No doubt, unless we take effective measures, it is very likely that ……（毫无疑问，除非我们采取有效措施，否则我们很可能会……）

3：It is urgent that immediate measures should be taken to stop the situation（很紧迫的是应立即采取措施阻止这一事态的发展）

六、表示论证

1：From my point of view, it is more reasonable to support the first

opinion rather than the second.(在我看来，支持第一种观点比第二种更有道理)

2：I cannot entirely agree with the idea that……（我无法完全同意这一观点）

3：As far as I am concerned/In my opinion,……（就我来说……）

4：I sincerely believe that……==I am greatly convinced (that)子句.（我真诚地相信……）

5：Finally, to speak frankly, there is also a more practical reason why ……（最后，坦率地说，还有另外一个实际的原因……）

七、给出原因

1：The reason why + 句子 ~~~ is that + 句子 （...的原因是...）

2：This phenomenon exists for a number of reasons .First,…….Second,…….Third，……。这一现象存在有很多原因的，第一……第二……第三……

3：For one thing,…… For another thing，…… ==On the one

hand,……On the other hand……一方面……另一方面……

4：I quite agree with the statement that……The reasons are chiefly as follows.我十分赞同这一论述，即……。其主要原因如下。

八、列出解决办法和批判错误观点做法

1：The best way to solve the troubles is……解决这些麻烦的最好办法是……

2：As far as something is concerned,……就某事而言，……3：It is obvious that……很显然……

4：It may be true that……but it doesn't mean that……可能……是对的，但这并不意味着……

5：It is natural to believe that……but we shouldn't ignore that……认为……是自然的，但我们不应忽视……

6：There is no evidence to suggest that……没有证据表明……

九、表示好处和坏处

1：It has the following advantages.它有如下优势

2：It is beneficial/harmful to us.==It is of great benefit/harm to us.它对我们有益处

3：It has more disadvantages than advantage.他有很多不足之处

十、表示重要、方便、可能

1：It is important(necessary/difficult/convenient/possible)for sb to do sth.对于某人做……是……

2：It plays an important role in our life.

十一、采取措施

1：We should take some effective measures.我们应该采取有效措施2：We should try our best to overcome/conquer the difficulties.我们应该尽最大努力去克服困难

3：We should do our utmost in doing sth.我们应该尽力去做……4：We should solve the problems that we are confronted/faced with.我们应该解决我们面临的困难

十二、显示变化

1：Some changes have taken place in the past five years.过去五年发生了很多变化

2：Great changes will certainly be produced in the international communications.在国际交流中理所当然会发生很多大的变化

3：It has increased/decreased from…to…他已经从…增加/减少到…4：The output of July in this factory increased by 15%.这个工厂7月份产量以增加了15%

十三、表明事实现状

1：We cannot ignore the fact that……我们不能忽略这个事实……

2：No one can deny the fact that……没人能否认这个事实……

3：This is a phenomenon that many people are interested in.

4：be closely related to ~~ （与...息息相关）

十四、进行比较

1：Compared with A,B……与A比较，B……

2：I prefer to read rather than watch TV.

十五、常用英语谚语

1：Actions speak louder than words.事实胜于雄辩

2：All is not gold that glitters.发光的未必都是金子

3：All roads lead to Rome.条条大路通罗马

4：A good beginning is half done.良好的开端是成功的一半5：Every advantage has its disadvantage有利必有弊

6：A miss is as good as a mile.失之毫厘，差之千里

7：Failure is the mother of success.失败是成功之母

8：Industry is the parent of success.勤奋是成功之母

9：It is never too old to learn.活到老，学到老

10：Knowledge is power.知识就是力量

11：Nothing in the world is difficult for one who sets his mind to it.世上无难事，只怕有心人

替换think of

Suddenly I had an idea that someone had broken into my house.

An idea occurred to me that someone had broken into my house.

It occurred to me that someone had broken into my house.

替换spend

He spends all his spare time in reading.

He devotes all his spare time to reading.

替换want / look for

They sought (wanted) to hide themselves behind the trees.

替换ordinary

I’m an average (ordinary) student.

替换very

The film we saw last night was very interesting.

The film we saw last night was nothing but interesting.

The film we saw last night was anything but boring.

替换sit

On his way to school, he found an old lady seated (sitting) by the road, looking worried.

替换should

He is supposed to (should) have driven more slowly.

替换thank

Thank you very much for your help.

We appreciate your help very much. / Your help is much appreciated.

“听不懂啊！”

一下课，许多同学一边哀嚎一边从录播室往外走，他们今天的话题又变成了这节英语课。

也许我会对这个英语课印象深刻吧，毕竟是这样一位“传说”中十分有名的英语老师给我们上课。没什么感觉，但听不懂是真的。平时英语老师上课时也都是一句中文一句英文，所以这种全程飙英语的课对我们来说实在是高级。

初见，感觉这个英语老师长相也就不普通通，没什么特点，只记得她的眼睛很大，像太阳一样明亮，后来发现她这个人也像太阳一样热情。她会和全班同学一边问好，一边握手，甚至还给我们放着背景音乐，高级感一下子就出来了。

“这是太阳女士吧！"我心里暗暗叹道。温暖，热情，似六月骄阳，即使是这样冷的天，却也感到一丝温暖，这温暖来自那位姓葛的英语老师，我清楚的知道。

但当一个个英语句子从她嘴里蹦出来时，我就知道我要“灭亡”了。明明每个英语单词都极其耳熟，可意思总得反应半天。她领读单词，读完我就忘，平时的我总自称“平平无奇的读单词小能手”，但现在我确实慌了。

我不知道我该怎么样达到这种水平，这看上去遥不可及，我不再像上课前那样放松了，那会让我懵的很厉害，我从来没有过这样的感觉。

一句句英语中，下课了，葛老师向我们告别，最后张开手，像是给了我们一个拥抱。

我忽的放空了，焦虑不安都消失不见。像是回应她的拥抱，我伸手，仿佛抓到了希望。

22.附近、临近的Adjacent、Adjoin 代替Near

23.准确的、精确的Precise、Exact 代替Accurate

24.巨大的、大的Massive、Colossal、Tremendous 代替Big

25.骇人的、丑陋的Hideous 代替Ugly

26.祖先Ancestor、Predecessor 代替Forefather

27.不同Gap、Distinction 代替Difference

28.犯罪Delinquency、Criminal Act 代替Crime

29.环境Circumstance、Atmosphere、Surrounding、Ambience 代替Environment

30.污染Contamination 代替Pollution

31.人类The humanrace、Humanity、Humankind 代替Human

32.危险Peril、Hazard 代替Danger

33.在当今社会In contemporary society、In present-day society、In this day and age 代替In modern society

34.顶峰peak、summit 代替Top

35.模糊的Obscure unknown or Known by only a few people 代替Vague

36.竞争者Rival、Opponent(especially in sports and politics 代替Competitor

37.责备Condemn(if you condemn something、you say it is very bad and unacceptable) 代替Blame

38. 意见、主张Perspective、Standpoint(means looking at an event or situation in a particular way) 代替Opinon

39. 名望Prestige(describe those who are admired)、Reputation 代替Fame

40. 侮辱Humiliate(do something or say something which makes people feel ashamed or stupid) 代替Insult

41.抱怨Grumble (complain something in a bad-tempered way) 代替Complain

42.首要的Radical (very important and great in degree)、Fundamen 代替Primary

43.缓解Alleviate (alleviate means you make pain or sufferings less intense or severe) 代替Relieve