关于舆论的论文文献

打开万方数据、维普资讯就可以查到。实在查不到，去那个【天下文库】看下，我去年的论文资料在那你客服小姐帮忙找的.1、论文题目：要求准确、简练、醒目、新颖。 2、目录：目录是论文中主要段落的简表。（短篇论文不必列目录） 3、提要：是文章主要内容的摘录，要求短、精、完整。字数少可几十字，多不超过三百字为宜。 4、关键词或主题词：关键词是从论文的题名、提要和正文中选取出来的，是对表述论文的中心内容有实质意义的词汇。关键词是用作机系统标引论文内容特征的词语，便于信息系统汇集，以供读者检索。 每篇论文一般选取3-8个词汇作为关键词，另起一行，排在“提要”的左下方。 主题词是经过规范化的词，在确定主题词时，要对论文进行主题，依照标引和组配规则转换成主题词表中的规范词语

论文摘要  ：当前，世界已经进入了一个全新的网络社会，网络舆论承载着互联网虚拟世界中无数网民的心理寄托和情绪表达。在没有互联网以前，公共舆论是西方政治学和行政学早期研究的一个传统，同时也引起了美国政治学家的高度重视;在互联网产生以后，西方学界从传播学和社会学两种角度上，分析和研究了网络舆论。本文通过网络舆论的优势以及特点，指出网络舆论对社会形成的影响。

论文关键词： 网络舆论 现阶段特点 社会影响

一、网络舆论的优势

1.提供的意见通道要更为广阔。

2.与传统媒体交互作用，使网络舆论功能内涵得到进一步的强化。网络舆论和传统媒体开始将相互分离，互不相干的僵局打破，逐渐实现两者相互促进，相互作用，相互融合。网友在网络上频繁地发帖引起传统媒体的注意，通过传统媒体将这一事件进行深入采访和报道，从而使全社会对其引起足够的重视。

3.政治民主在网络舆论的基础上得以发展和进步。

4.文化的试验、培育基地。在当今的网络经济时代驱使下，人们的消费重点已经逐渐向精神和文化沟通进行转移，而这种诉求也通过网络舆论充分地体现出来。网络媒体划分在文化载体范畴中，在传承优秀文化，塑造良好社会风气已经网民的文化诉求中，都担负着极其重要的责任。

二、现阶段网络舆论的特点

(一)多元性

在现实生活和工作中，每一个人都扮演着自己的角色，但是在网络这个虚拟世界中，人们所扮演的角色就不仅仅是自己，表现出更多的随意性，每个人会扮演医生、记者、导演、歌手等与生活可能毫无关系和联系的角色，他们可以通过网络，将自己的生活阅历运用各种形式公开，与网友共同分享，所体现出来的主题涉及面也较为广泛，通常话题的确定也是自发的，或者比较随意的。

因为网民分布于社会各阶层和各个领域，他们的话题涉及到政治、经济、文化、军事、外交以及社会生活等多层面内容，网民在不受到任何干扰的情况下，将言论提前写好，想什么时候发在网上就什么时候发，发表以后，此言论可以在网上被网友任意转载和跟帖。

(二)自由性

网络本身草根性较为强烈，这一点对于社会舆论而言，提供了更自由的言论空间。通过网络媒体，人们发表言论自由性得到了一定的保障，而且这种自由的表现形式也十分多姿多彩，这样的话，社会舆论就与政治上的空话套话相分离，在真正意义上实现了百家争鸣的状态。当前，电脑已经逐渐普及到每一个家庭中，互联网在中国的使用人数逐年递增，中国互联网络信息中心发布的《第29次中国互联网发展状况统计报告》显示，直到2011年12月底，中国网民已经达到亿的规模，从这个数据中可以发现，网络具备的很强的自由行，民众的参与意识也很高，也只有这种社会舆论才能够将百姓身边的事件充分直接地反映出来。因为话语权掌握在自己手中，公众的信心就十分高涨，在舆论监督的.平台上也更有发言权，将自己的意愿和意见充分地表达出来。

(三)互动性

在互联网上，网民的参与意识显得十分踊跃。人们可以通过互联网交流信息和获取信息。针对某一问题或者事件，发表自己的看法和感想，在这个过程中，通常都会有很大一部分网民参与交流和讨论，并且网络中存在匿名性，很多网民会将自己真实的想法和观点表达出来，或者将自己的真实情绪体现出来。网民与网民之间经常会出现一个互动的场面，其中有赞同的讨论，也有反对的讨论，这两种观点会同时出现，相互探讨，相互争论，观点与观点的交集，观点与观点的分歧，更激烈的场面还会出现意见交锋。通过这样的相互交流，可以使网民自己的观点和意见及时地表达和反馈出来，讨论的内容随之延伸，涉及面也更为广泛，很多民众观点也可以实现集中体现。

(四)突发性

当前，互联网的发展速度越来越快，随之也得到了较为广泛地应用，在此基础上，网络媒体在人们的生活和工作中也产生了深刻的影响，同时也成为大众传媒、民意表达以及群众意见反映和反馈的平台。因为使用互联网的人数与日俱增，通常情况下，网络舆论的传播速度也相当快，只要捕捉到一个突发性事件的时候，与个人的情绪意见相结合，就可以引发一系列的舆论。网民在网络中发表的意见，可以在短时间内形成公共意见，从而使意见声势迅速扩大。

三、网络舆论对社会的影响

(一)网络舆论对社会的正面影响

网络舆论作为一种兴起不久的舆论形式，所产生的影响力日益增强。传统媒体也因为网络舆论的出现而有了新的合作伙伴，从而使信息在更大范围中进行传播，使民意的反馈渠道更为广阔，这样的话，民众和政府之间的距离就会拉近很多，所产生的社会效应也更加强烈。网络舆论对社会的正面作用主要有以下两方面的体现：

第一，公众意愿在网络舆论的基础上可以更自由地表达，使社会问题得到了及时地解决和处理。网民在社会公共事务上所发表的建议和意见是群众共同的努力和智慧的象征，在这种情况下，能够全面的了解和认识客观事物，其中也存在很多合理的成分。网民在判断社会问题的时候，虽然每一个人都有着不同的看法和观点，各执所词，但是还是会有很大一部分网民的意见可以达成统一。而这些意见中，体现了更多普通民众的心声，体现了公众的意志，政府部门也可以在互联网上，更方便地了解民情，通过这样的方式，可以使工作更为顺利进行，更为有效地进行。

第二，政府部门通过网络舆论可以对社会情绪进行疏导，对社会矛盾进行缓解。所谓网络舆论最重要的来源就是社会各阶层，各领域人们所产生的真实情绪的表达，在这些情绪表达中，虽然也存在着某些非理性成分，但是总的来讲，我国网民已经开始逐渐成熟起来，责任感也表现得十分突出。公众可以在网络这个平台上，将自己的真实想法和观点表达出来，参政议政也在最大程度上得以实现，而政府对网络舆论进行分析和研究，掌握社会最新动态，尽最大的努力找到可以舒缓社会情绪的基本依据和条件。

(二)网络舆论对社会的负面影响

尽管在网络舆论中，存在很多网民真实的意见和建议，但是同时也有很多网民表达的感想也是毫无责任感可言的，或者情绪过于激动，导致言论的非理性表达，除此之外，那些敌对组织、敌对势力或者某些别有用心的人在互联网上发表的煽动性言论，使社会出现动荡，并且造成极严重的影响。

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