旅游翻译毕业论文开题报告

旅游管理论文开题报告

开题报告是指开题者对科研课题的一种文字说明材料。这是一种新的应用写作文体，这种文字体裁是随着现代科学研究活动计划性的增强和科研选题程序化管理的需要而产生的。下面是我整理的旅游管理论文开题报告，欢迎大家分享。

自选课题

2、研究目的和意义：

旅游网的成立标志着我国基于互联网的旅游网络发展的开始。随着电子商务的潮起潮落，旅行社网站也经历了市场的洗礼。旅行社网站作为网络经济形势下旅游业发展的一种战略武器，已对我国旅游市场的固有壁垒带来冲击，我国旅游电子商务在未来的发展中尚有许多工作要做。旅游电子商务像一张大网，把众多的旅游供应商、旅游中介、旅游者联系在一起。相对于传统的旅游业来说，旅游电子商务不仅提高了业务透明度和工作效率，降低了边际成本，而且凸现了旅游产品本身个性化、信息化、时令化等特性。作为新经济的重要组成部分，我国旅行社网站的发展呈现了良好的趋势，携程旅游网和E龙网站纷纷公布盈利的消息，为我国旅行社网站的发展注入了强心剂。

网络旅游的本质就是旅游电子商务。不论旅游服务商或是消费者，他们之间的一切交流都是通过网络实现的，也就是说，网络旅游时代其实就是旅游电子商务时代。

3、国内外研究现状和发展趋势综述：

国内旅行社网站的建设工作最早可以追溯到1996年，在经过长时间的建设和积累后，目前国内已拥有相当一批具有一定资讯服务实力的旅行社网站。这些网站目前可以比较全面地对各地旅行社提供的服务线路提供全面的网上资讯服务，这些服务涉及旅游中的“吃住行游购娱”等各个方面。互联网正以疯狂的速度风靡全球，并对各行各业产生影响，旅游业也不例外。据CNN的数据显示：1999年度旅游业电子商务销售额突破270亿美元，占全球电子商务销售总额的20%以上;全球约有超过17万家的旅游业在网上开展综合、专业、特色的旅游服务;全球约8500万人次以上享受过旅行社网站的服务。在国内，互联网的起步虽然相对较晚，不过，现在只要你上了网，点击“旅游”搜索网站，出现的专业旅游站点就可能有数百个，像新浪网、搜狐、网易这些在纳斯达克上市的大网站也少不了开设旅游栏目。未来的网络旅游或许是这样一种模式：一个旅游者在网上订购机票、酒店、服务，当他到达旅游目的地后，从下飞机的那一刻起，他的“吃住行游购娱”就会完全依靠网络来解决。这种测试有点像“网络生存”,但实际上它有着更加实用的意义。

网络旅游正在成为全世界瞩目的焦点。据资料显示，去年全球电子商务销售额为1400亿美元，其中旅游业电子商务销售额超过270亿美元。目前全球约有17 万家旅游企业在网上开展旅游业务联系。调查显示，目前我国拥有网民7000多万人，其中近七成受过大学以上教育，并且有旅游的需求和消费能力。因而“网络旅游”对于我国实现世界旅游强国的目标具有重大的现实意义。

包括机票、酒店等资源的数据库，能够实现为用户提供比价、资源条件、优惠信息等筛选服务。“去哪儿”与超过400家的机票供应商和超过15000家的酒店供应商建立了业务联系，由后者将其房价、机票价格信息与公司。

4、本课题的主要研究内容及拟采取的技术路线、试验方案：

主要的研究内容

制作本网站的目的是进行旅行社网站的宣传、介绍以及景点的简介与预定，实现客户与旅行社或相关单位的网上勾通及业务的完成，体现电子商务的部分功能。本网站的主要特色体现在以下几个方面：1、界面简单、清晰，通过清晰明了的界面让使用者能迅速找到自己所需的功能;2、功能使用，主要功能包括路线查询，路线预定，数据库管理，车票预订，网站链接等，都与人们生活密切相关;3、管理方便，管理者可以通过特有的管理界面进行数据库系统的维护，例如旅游线路的添加，删除，线路预定情况的查看、处理等。

拟采用的技术路线

本系统在开发过程中使用的是C/S模式，在系统初期时，系统分析主要是根据软件工程的步骤进行，设计使用了面向对象技术和面向对象的设计原则，使用UML 统一建模语言完成系统的设计，判断其可行性，在编码之前，完成相应的接口。各个模块可以模仿微软的COM技术，即组件对象模型，以组件的形式向系统中添加功能。

在数据包捕获模块中，网络数据捕获技术是获取信息的关键技术，它通过监听技术，过滤技术获取原始数据，根据TCP/IP分层理论进行层层拆解，提取相关协议中的信息。因此需要收集许多资料，查阅相关文档，增加对该领域知识的了解。

由于本系统采用分模块，可以以组件的形式进行加载进来，使得对后期系统维护和调试有很大的优点，同时提高了系统的开发效率。

运用学过的知识，按照软件工程开发流程来实施本课题，理论联系实际，多动手操作，采用系统模块化方式完成本课题。

5、研究基础：

(1)试验条件：

a.已经具备的条件

试验软件设施：Virstual Studo 2008编译环境，良好的C++编程能力，数据库。

b.未具备的条件及提出的解决方案

未具备的条件：

1.对网络界面有一些仍然不熟悉，需要进一步的研究和讨论

2.对界面美化方面有些不熟悉，需要一定时间研究。

3.对编程不是特别的熟悉，要在日后的时间里加强动手能力

4.由于公司项目赶进度，工作时间安排为早八点半到晚九点半，可能没有太多精力处理本系统

解决方案：

1.尽量在工作之余查看相关资料，尽可能多的了解网络界面

2.在工作外的时间内，通过加班的形式完成试验

尽早的学习网络安全方面的知识，同时增加自我动手能力，加强在对界面美化的学习。

6、预期达到的目标及进度安排：

预期达到的目标

本系统能够实现让客户简单的操作，可以对旅游景点的更充分的了解。

进度安排

第一周：实习调研，查阅课题相关外文资料

第二周：了解行业状况、查阅文献资料，阅读资料，撰写调研报告

第三周：翻译10000字符以上的外文资料，准备资料，学习JSP技术

第四周：提交毕业论文提纲，呈交外文文献翻译资料

英语毕业论文开题报告本科一般1000-2000字吧，研究生多点。字数不是关键，主要是内容，当时我写了几次都没过，还是学长给介绍的莫文网，高手就是不一般，一次性就通过了经贸英语语篇翻译策略探析旅游景点英语翻译中的跨文化意识探析跨文化交际中的新闻英语翻译实践探讨从功能角度研究商务英语翻译的原则和策略大学英语翻译教学存在的问题及对策浅谈科技英语翻译中的常见错误及应对技巧论国际商务英语翻译的多元化标准英语翻译中笔译要点分析 优先出版大学英语翻译教学的问题与对策研究文化视角下的旅游英语翻译科技英语翻译的省译商务英语翻译教学的探索与思考国际科技交流中科技英语翻译存在的问题及技巧探析语义翻译和交际翻译观下科技英语翻译研究影响法律英语翻译的因素商务英语翻译的文化适应性问题探析国际商务英语翻译中的文化信息等值研究构建任务型商务英语翻译课程教学的研究旅游英语翻译与本土文化对接的思考项目依托式EAP教学实践研究——以《科技英语翻译》教学为例高中阶段英语翻译教学现状的调查研究国际贸易中商务英语翻译的文化差异及应对策略框架语义学视角下的英汉科技翻译研究基于功能翻译理论的高职院校土木工程专业英语翻译与教学研究中国职业男子篮球俱乐部体育英语翻译现状调查和改善对策研究康巴藏区旅游英语翻译现状调查研究商务英语翻译中文化意象的传递高职英语专业英语翻译课教改初探探讨中西文化差异对英语翻译的影响论文化转向对商务英语翻译的启示非英语专业硕士研究生科技英语翻译能力分析航海英语翻译若干问题商务英语翻译教材建构模式探微国内英语翻译现状分析及产业化思考从建构主义观点谈商务英语翻译教学

翻译专业开题报告

开题报告是毕业论文答辩委员会对学生答辩资格审查的一个重要依据材料。下面是我为大家收集整理的翻译专业开题报告，欢迎阅读。

How to Deal with Ellipsis in English-Chinese Translation

I. Purpose and Significance

With the development of globalization, the world’s political, economic and cultural communications are becoming increasingly frequent. Therefore, the role of translation cannot be ignored. However, the differences between English and Chinese cultures that are reflected in the two languages pose considerable difficulty.

It is acknowledged that when doing translation one can not translate word for word, or sentence by sentence. Therefore, we must use some translation strategies such as amplification, ellipsis, conversion and so on. Ellipsis as one of the basic translation methods plays an essential role in English-Chinese rendition. Translators apply it in order to make their versions more coherent and understandable.

According to the Oxford Advanced Learner’s English-Chinese Dictionary, ellipsis means leaving out a word or words from a sentence deliberately, when the meaning can be understood without them. Ellipsis in translation does not mean cutting some content from the original articles. What could be omitted are words that are useless in translated works or else they will make the versions redundant or disobey the manner of expression in another language.

Some words and phrases are useless in Chinese but necessary in English. Articles in English are the most significant phenomenon from this aspect. They are very important in English, but we can hardly see any reflection of this part in Chinese. Ellipsis is designed on the basis of faithfulness to the original text, making it more fluent, smooth, concise, thus conforming to idiomatic Chinese. The paper will explore ellipsis in English-Chinese translation from five aspects, which are ellipses of pronouns, conjunctions, articles, prepositions, modifications, so as to achieve smoother and clearer communications among China and English-speaking countries.

II. Literature Review

Long before, some people began to learn other countries’ languages to understand others cultures. In China, Xuanzang was the first translator who not only translated the Sanskrit sutras into Chinese, but introduced the first Chinese writings to foreign countries, making foreigners understand China’s ancient culture. Meanwhile, he was the first to translate Lao Tse's works into Sanskrit. Indian scholars had a high opinion of Xuanzang, "In China, there is no such great translator, and also in the human cultural history, we can only say that Xuanzang is the first great translator."(Ye Lang, 2008) We can say that it was Xuanzang who motivated people to know the different parts of the world, their cultures and the peoples who live there. Then, some big countries such as America, China, and so on became a melting pot.(Gu Zhengkun, 2000) People have imperceptibly spent thousands of years in knowing each other.

With China’s entry into WTO and its open-up policy, cross-cultural exchanges are increasingly frequent between this country and others. A lot of foreign tourists come to visit China. While traveling, these foreigners are not satisfied with the translations of the scenic spots. Sometimes, they even feel confused. A lot of problems exist in the translation, such as misuse of words, poor expression of meaning and so on. All of these poor translations do harm to our country’s international image, and cause a lot of inconveniences for the foreign visitors. (Ma Zuyi, 2000). I am fond of tourism and being a free tourist like the others who are good at enjoying their wonderful lives. The love of tourism makes me feel the need to improve the translation. But every time when I have a trip, many unsuitable translations of the names of those scenic spots will embarrass me. Tourism is part of intercultural communication, so proper translation of the scenic spots become more and more important to our country.

Communication plays a significant role in the globalized society. In order to know each other better, people from all over the world have tried a verity of ways. Of course, translation is one of them. All translators have done their best to make the translated works more consistent with the needs of people.(Gu Jinming, 1997) From my perspective, they really have done a great job. And I want to retrospect the cause of their development. After a thorough evaluation, I choose a branch of translation—ellipsis in translation from English to Chinese, then I did the following jobs.

I put all my researches and other stuffs together, and then I found that it is a common case in English and Chinese which draws much academic interest. In 1976, Halliday and Hsan classified ellipsis into nominal, verbal and clausal ellipsis. This classification exerts great influence in academic circle. Thereafter, ellipsis in Chinese and English has been studied according to this theory, which is based on different layers of structure. This kind of study underlines differentiations and similarities of ellipsis in Chinese and English.

Another famous theory to explain ellipsis is Economy Principle. Economy Principle was put forward by Chomsky (1991,1993, and 1995) in his Generate Crammer. It maintains that language and linguistic study follow Economy Principle, which means using the least effort to express the most information. This principle just coincides with ellipsis in function.

In this thesis, I think that brevity is the most obvious and common function of ellipsis, especially in daily language. And in both English and Chinese, people advocate brevity. Shakespeare once remarked, “brevity is the soul of wit”, and in Chinese there are numerous idioms like “yan jian yi gai” (meaning compendious). However, apart from the function of brevity, ellipsis embodies other functions which are also pretty common in the two languages but less noticed.(Hua Xianfa,2002)These functions distribute in both English and Chinese unevenly and represent great colorfulness of language. Exploring other functions of ellipsis and searching for functional recreation in translation will be of much benefit to both English to Chinese and Chinese to English translation.

I found that when Chinese authors try to analyse ellipsis in English to Chinese translation, they always initially put articles in the list. They consider that it is a common phenomenon that Chinese always leave out personal articles. While it is obviously different in English that almost every sentence has a subject, we can see articles fluently. That is because when we translate from English to Chinese, personal articles can be omitted, even though sometimes it may appear once, it can also be omitted if necessary. Furthermore, if the objects can be seen obviously, personal articles should also be omitted. However, it never happens in English. From this point, it is not only allowable but also necessary when we translate personal articles which are objects in sentences into Chinese.

In my point of view, the development of society has in some way has deliberately promoted the way of people’s thinking, translation system has become more and more perfect, people from all over the world have enjoyed the convenience. However, we can not neglect that there are still some problems in this field in China, and we have less influential Chinese translators in the world. Therefore, we still have a long way to go in translation.

III. Feasibility Analysis

This academic paper is a feasible project and the reasons are as follows:

have great interests in the way of English-Chinese translation.

have already studied translation methods and have been familiar with the functions and applications of ellipsis .

have collected enough references both Chinese and Western on ellipsis in

translation and do a scrupulous study of the relationship between them.

have a carefully planned schedule and have worked out a detailed outline of this thesis.

have acquainted myself with the correct format, a clear and complete structure required by the academic paper, and my adequate English competence will enable me to write in fluent and precise English.

instructor is a qualified translator who is familiar with the subject I havechosen.

IV. Problems of the research and solutions

1. Problems

Despite the references I have collected and read, a thorough study of ellipsis in English-Chinese translation from the point of freely using still needs far more. What’s more, owing to the limited ways of getting references in Xinjiang, I will have to make full use of my present resources. Also, this is the first time I have ever written such a serious academic paper. I am therefore a learner and lack the needed training and experience.

2. Solutions

(1) I shall make full use of my already acquired references which come from books, magazines and the Internet as well.

(2) I shall value my own original thoughts and mainly rely on detailed analysis that I have read from the books which have closely idea with my purpose.

(3) When I have difficulties in the writing process, I shall consult my instructor and seek for help.

V. Necessary conditions

1. Our university and school of foreign languages have provided the basic study and research conditions and facilities, including books and journals in the library and reading rooms.

2. The Internet is another source of information and on the campus we have easy access to the Internet.

3. I have been assigned an instructor to guide me through the whole process of planning and writing.

VI. Outline

I. Introduction

A. A Brief Introduction of Ellipsis in Translation

B. What Should We Pay Attention to When Dealing with Ellipsis

C. The Reason Why Ellipsis Is So Widely Used in Translation

1. Chinese Expressions Are Much Briefer Than That of English

2. English Grammar Is Wee-Knit and Complete in Sentence Structure

II. The Principles of Ellipsis

A. Omitted Words Must Be Useless And Unnecessary in the Translated Works

B. The Meaning of the Omitted Words Is Implied in the Test

C. Omitted Words Which Are Self-Evident

Ш. The Functions and Applications of Ellipsis

A. The Coherence of the Meaning of Expression

B. The Coincidence of the Manner of Expression

1. Ellipsis of Articles

a. Ellipsis of Definite Articles

b. Ellipsis of Indefinite Articles

2. Ellipsis of Prepositions

3. Ellipsis of Pronouns

a. Ellipsis of Personal and Impersonal Pronouns

b. Ellipsis of Indefinite Pronouns

c. Ellipsis of Relative Pronouns

4. Ellipsis of Conjunctions

a. Ellipsis of Coordinating Conjunctions

b. Ellipsis of Subordinate Conjunctions

5. Ellipsis of Rhetoric

a. Ellipsis of Repeated Words

b. Ellipsis of Synonyms

选题的原因、基本内容：

英语成语(idiom)是英语的核心与精华。其内容丰富，寓意深刻，具有浓厚的感情色彩。如果能在文章、谈话或对外交往中，恰当地加以运用，会大大增加语言的表达能力，收到良好的效果。英语谚语是英语语言的'精华，是英国艺术宝库的瑰丽明珠。英语谚语的句式特点是句式简单，语言精炼，富于形象比喻，充满浓郁的民族色彩。学习和研究英语谚语有助于启迪思想，开拓视野，了解英国的历史文化、风土人情，以及英国人民的人生哲理，同时还可以学到生动活泼的大众语言。

本文通过比较英汉成语及谚语这两种语言的相似及不同之处，详细的介绍英语成语及谚语。第一部分主要从内容和形式两方面谈谈英语成语及谚语的基本特色;第二部分谈及英语成语及谚语的一般翻译方法和翻译时应该注意的一些问题。

相关资料收集情况：

陈亚光。小议英谚语和成语的创新。上海外国语学院学报，1983。

黄粉保。英汉成语翻译漫谈。云梦学刊，1999/2

顾雪梁。语成语英译探索。广州师范学院学报，1993/2。

张培基，喻云根，李宗杰，彭谟禹。《英汉翻译教程》。北京：中国外语教育出版社，xx/8

杨永和。英语谚语的修辞特点研究。重庆工学院学报,xx/3。

论文提纲：

thesis statemen：this essay discourse the features and translation of english

idioms and proverbs. and from the society culture to find out the basic different between chinese.

outline

ⅰ. introduction: for chinese students, english idioms and proverbs is a stumbling block. so the characteristics and translation of idioms and proverbs should be studied.

ⅱ. the characteristics of english idioms and proverbs

a. the characteristics of english idioms

1. simple but rich

2. harmonious phonology

3. vivid metaphor

b. the characteristics of english proverb

1. concise and clear

2. symmetrical sentence pattern

3. rich and varied rhetoric

ⅲ. the translation of english idioms and proverbs

a. the theories of translation

1. literal translation

2. free translation

3. mechanical application of the synonym chinese proverb

4. literal translation and free translation

b. the points of translation

1. the literal translation of proverbs prohibited

2. the translation of proverbs to keep the original text style

3. the translation of proverbs to notice the national characteristic

4. the translation of proverbs to notice the artistic characteristic

ⅳ. conclusion

指导教师意见：

指导教师签名：

年 月 日