杜甫:佳人绝代有佳人,幽居在空谷。自云良家子,零落依草木。关中昔丧乱,兄弟遭杀戮。官高何足论,不得收骨肉。世情恶衰歇,万事随转烛。夫婿轻薄儿,新人美如玉。合昏尚知时,鸳鸯不独宿。但见新人笑,那闻旧人哭!在山泉水清,出山泉水浊。侍婢卖珠回,牵萝补茅屋。摘花不插发,采柏动盈掬。天寒翠袖薄,日暮倚修竹。 【注解】:1、合昏:即夜合花。2、修竹:长竹,与诗中“翠袖”相映。【韵译】:有一个美艳绝代的佳人,隐居在僻静的深山野谷。她说:“我是良家的女子,零落漂泊才与草木依附。想当年长安丧乱的时候,兄弟遭到了残酷的杀戮。官高显赫又有什么用呢?不得收养我这至亲骨肉。世情本来就是厌恶衰落,万事象随风抖动的蜡烛。没想到夫婿是个轻薄儿,又娶了美颜如玉的新妇。合欢花朝舒昏合有时节,鸳鸯鸟雌雄交颈不独宿。朝朝暮暮只与新人调笑,那管我这个旧人悲哭?!”在山的泉水清澈又透明,出山的泉水就要浑浊浊。变卖首饰的侍女刚回来,牵拉萝藤修补着破茅屋。摘来野花不爱插头打扮,采来的柏子满满一大掬。天气寒冷美人衣衫单薄,夕阳下她倚着长长青竹。【评析】:这首诗是写一个在战乱时被遗弃的女子的不幸遭遇。她出身良家,然而生不逢时,在安史战乱中,原来官居高位的兄弟惨遭杀戮,丈夫见她娘家败落,就遗弃了她,于是她在社会上流落无依。然而,她没有被不幸压倒没有向命运屈服;她咽下生活的苦水,幽居空谷,与草木为邻,立志守节,宛若山泉。这种贫贱不移,贞节自守的精神,实在值得讴歌。全诗文笔委婉,缠绵悱恻,绘声如泣如诉,绘影楚楚动人。“在山泉水清,出山泉水浊”深寓生活哲理。
《飘》(Gone With The Wind)是一部出版于1936年的美国小说,作者为玛格丽特·米契尔,在1937年获得普利兹奖。这本小说是其作者活着时出版的唯一一部作品,但它成了美国史上最为畅销的小说之一Margaret Munnerlyn Mitchell (November 8, 1900 – August 16, 1949) was an American author, who won the Pulitzer Prize in 1937 for her novel Gone with the Wind. The novel is one of the most popular books of all time, selling more than 30 million copies (see list of best-selling books). An American film adaptation, released in 1939, became the highest-grossing film in the history of Hollywood, and received a record-breaking ten Academy Awards. She has been honored by the United States Postal Service with a 1¢ Great Americans series postage lifeMargaret Mitchell was born in Atlanta, Georgia to Eugene Mitchell, a lawyer, and Mary Isabelle, much referred to as Maybell, a suffragist of Irish Catholic origin. Mitchell's brother, Stephens, was four years her senior. Her childhood was spent in the laps of Civil War veterans and of her maternal relatives, who had lived through the Civil War.[citation needed]After graduating from Washington Seminary (now The Westminster Schools), she attended Smith College, but withdrew during her freshman year in 1918. She returned to Atlanta to take over the household after her mother's death earlier that year from the great Spanish flu pandemic of afterward, she defied the conventions of her class and times by taking a job at the Atlanta Journal. Under the name Peggy Mitchell she wrote a weekly column for the newspaper's Sunday edition, thereby making her mark as one of the first female columnists at the South's largest newspaper. Mitchell's first professional writing assignment was an interview with an Atlanta socialite, whose couture-buying trip to Italy was interrupted by the Fascist takeover.[citation needed]Mitchell married Berrien “Red” Upshaw in 1922, but they were divorced after it was revealed that he was a bootlegger and an abusive alcoholic. She later married Upshaw's friend, John Marsh, on July 4, 1925; Marsh had been best man at her first wedding and legend has it that both men courted Mitchell in 1921 and 1922, but Upshaw proposed first.[citation needed]She is also the distant cousin to famous gunfighter/dentist, Doc Holliday, who participated in the Gunfight at the . Corral. It is also thought that she modeled Ashley Wilkes, a main character in Gone with the Wind, after Mitchell's scrapbooks from the Hargrett Rare Book and Manuscript Library at the University of Georgia, editor Patrick Allen collected 64 of the columns Mitchell considered her best work. They were published in 2000 under the title Margaret Mitchell, Reporter.[1]Her portraits and personality sketches in particular show a promise of her skill to portray the kind of characters who made Gone With the Wind the second best-selling book, next to the Bible, at the time of publication.[dubious – discuss][2] Even as a supposedly neutral reporter, her irrepressible personality shines through. This collection of Mitchell's journalism transcends fact-gathering, showing Mitchell as a young woman and providing a compelling snapshot of life in the Jazz Age Gone with the WindMitchell is reported to have begun writing bedridden with a broken ankle. The house where Mitchell lived while writing her manuscript is known today as The Margaret Mitchell House and located in Midtown Atlanta. A museum dedicated to Gone with the Wind lies a few miles north of Atlanta, in Marietta, Georgia. It is called "Scarlett On the Square", as it is located on the historic Marietta Square. It houses costumes from the film, screenplays, and many artifacts from Gone With the Wind including Mitchell's collection of foreign editions of her book. The house and the museum are major tourist destinationsPublicationMitchell lived as a modest Atlanta newspaperwoman until a visit from Macmillan editor Harold Latham, who visited Atlanta in 1935.[3] Latham was scouring the South for promising writers, and Mitchell agreed to escort him around Atlanta at the request of her friend, Lois Cole, who worked for Latham. Latham was enchanted with Mitchell, and asked her if she had ever written a book. Mitchell demurred. "Well, if you ever do write a book, please show it to me first!" Latham implored. Later that day, a friend of Mitchell, having heard this conversation, laughed. "Imagine, anyone as silly as Peggy writing a book!" she said. Mitchell stewed over this comment, went home, and found most of the old, crumbling envelopes containing her disjointed manuscript. She arrived at The Georgian Terrace Hotel, just as Latham prepared to depart Atlanta. "Here," she said, "take this before I change my mind!"[citation needed]Latham bought an extra suitcase to accommodate the giant manuscript. When Mitchell arrived home, she was horrified over her impetuous act, and sent a telegram to Latham: "Have changed my mind. Send manuscript back."[citation needed] But Latham had read enough of the manuscript to realize it would be a blockbuster. He wrote to her of his thoughts about its potential success. MacMillan soon sent her a check in advance to encourage her to complete the novel — she had not composed a first chapter. She completed her work in March Brickell, a famous literary critic for the New York Evening Post, reviewed Mitchell's book in an article titled " “Margaret Mitchell’s First Novel, ‘Gone With the Wind,’ a Fine Panorama of the Civil War Period.” His review helped launch Mitchell's career by calling attention to what would become one of the best novels of the Southern Renaissance. Over time, Brickell and Mitchell became extremely close; much of their correspondence has been published and is available in the archives at the University of Mississippi. Brickell was also a correspondent, friend, and adviser to other southern writers including Eudora Welty, Truman Capote, William Alexander Percy, Marjorie Kinnan Rawlings, Zora Neale Hurston, Stark Young and Allen Tate.[4]Gone With the Wind was published on June 30, 1936. The book was dramatized by David O. Selznick, and released three years later. The premiere of the film was held in Atlanta on December 15, with the Wind was such an overnight success that its publisher George Platt Brett, President of Macmillan Publishing, gave all its employees an 18% bonus in was struck by a speeding automobile as she crossed Peachtree Street at 13th Street with her husband, John Marsh, on her way to see the British film A Canterbury Tale at The Peachtree Art Theatre in August 1949. She died at Grady Hospital five days later without regaining consciousness. The driver, Hugh Gravitt, was an off-duty taxi driver. He was driving his personal vehicle at the time, but his occupation led to many erroneous references over the years to Mitchell’s having been struck by a taxi. After the accident, Gravitt was arrested for drunken driving and released on a $5,450 bond until Mitchell's death several days later. Georgia Gov. Herman Talmadge announced that the state would tighten regulations for licensing taxi was later convicted of involuntary manslaughter and served 11 months in prison. His conviction was controversial because witnesses said Mitchell stepped into the street without looking, and her friends claimed she often did was buried in Oakland Cemetery in Atlanta. 1936 original cover of Gone with the WindAuthor Margaret MitchellCountry United StatesLanguage EnglishGenre(s) Historical fiction, Romance, Drama, NovelPublisher Macmillan PublishersPublication date May 1936Media type Print (hardcover and paperback)Pages 1037 (first edition)1024 (Warner Books paperback)ISBN ISBN 0-446-36538-6 (Warner)OCLC Number 28491920Followed by Scarlett作者 玛格丽特·米契尔出版地 美国语言 英文类型 历史小说出版者 Macmillan 出版商出版日期 1936年6月30日媒介 图书页数 1037页(首版)1024页(平装版,华纳出版社)ISBN ISBN 0446365386 (华纳出版社)
里面的人物性格特征很明显 像思嘉 在那个年代她作为一个女性能为自己的土地争取到最大的利益 我很佩服她 瑞德的个性是个不适合在那个年代的 不过他可以为了自己的女儿和那些表面上虚伪的人称兄道弟斯佳丽除了有智慧外还有责任心 负担着四五口人 她本质上是个小女孩即使在战后历经磨难瑞特把注意力转移到邦尼身上 她后来对钱十分渴求 心理学上称为追求安全感 战争之苦让她没有安全感 所以她总会做身处迷雾的梦 而最后她才发现瑞特是她梦中的谜底失去了才懂得珍惜,我很可怜这个女人,却不能对他的一些做法苟同.在那个时代,他能够坚强的活下来 确实不易,然而爱情决不是一个人可以任意挥霍的资本! 当爱情就在你身边的时候,记得要认清 要珍惜 要呵护!最后的结局让我很失望也感到失落,当失去的时候才知道谁才是自已真正爱的人,真爱往往就在身边,却失之交臂in her eyes,nothing is more important than him .She could run through the war,but she hasn't grown up by didn't know what she want,and always run after the thing she couldn't get,and was never satisfied with her result is terrible ,she lost what she had !after all tomorrow is another day !中文名:飘英语名:Gone with the wind法语名:Autant en emporte le vent导演:Victor Fleming原著:《飘》(玛格丽特·米切尔著)出品:米高梅公司主演:Vivien Leigh, Clark Gable, Leslie Howard, Olivia de Havilland, Hattie McDaniel等1936年,美国女作家玛格丽特·米切尔的畅销小说《飘》问世了。好莱坞制片人大卫·O·谢尔兹尼克出五万美元买下了拍摄权,并先后动用十八位编剧将这部三卷集的小说改写成电影剧本。《乱世佳人》(GONE WITH THE WIND)是好莱坞影史上最值得骄傲的一部旷世巨片,影片放映时间长达4小时,观者如潮。其魅力贯穿整个20世纪,因此有好莱坞“第一巨片”之称。影片当年耗资400多万美元,历时三年半完成,其间数换导演,银幕上出现了60多位主要演员和9000多名配角演员。在1939年的第12届奥斯卡奖中一举夺得八项金像奖,轰动美国影坛。这部耗资巨大,场景豪华,战争场面宏大逼真的历史巨片,以它令人称道的艺术成就成为美国电影史上一部经典作品,令人百看不厌。1861年南北战争爆发的前夕,塔拉庄园的千金小姐郝思嘉爱上了另一庄园主的儿子艾希利,但艾希利却选择了表妹——温柔善良的韩媚兰为终身伴侣。郝思嘉出于妒恨,抢先嫁给了韩媚 兰的弟弟查尔斯。不久,美国南北战争爆发了。艾希利和查尔斯作 为征兵上了前线。查尔斯很快就在战争中死去了。郝思嘉成了寡妇, 但她内心却一直热恋着艾希利。一天,在一次举行义卖的舞会上,郝思嘉和风度翩翩的商人白瑞德相识。白瑞德开始追求郝思嘉,但遭到她的拒绝。郝思嘉一心只想着去追求艾希利,结果也遭到拒绝。在战争中,美国南方军遭到失败,亚特兰大城里挤满了伤兵。 郝思嘉和表妹韩媚兰自愿加入护士行列照顾伤兵。目睹战乱带来的惨状,任性的郝思嘉成熟了不少。这时,从前线传来消息,北方军快打过来了,不少人家惊惶地开始逃离家园。不巧韩媚兰要生孩子了,郝思嘉只好留下来照顾她。在北方军大军压境之日,郝思嘉哀求白瑞德帮忙护送她和刚生 下孩子的韩媚兰回塔拉庄园。白瑞德告诉郝思嘉他不能目睹南方军 溃败而不去助一臂之力,他要参加南方军作战,他留下一把手枪并 和郝思嘉拥吻告别。郝思嘉只好独自勇敢地驾驶马车回到塔拉庄园, 这时家里已被北方军士兵抢先洗动一空,母亲在惊吓中死去。不久,战争结束了。生活依然困苦。北方来的统治者要庄园主 缴纳重税,郝思嘉在绝望中去亚特兰大城找白瑞德借钱,但得知他 已被关进监狱。归来的途中,郝思嘉遇上了本来要迎娶她妹妹的暴 发户弗兰克,为了要重振破产的家业,她取弗兰克和自己结了婚。郝思嘉在弗兰克经营的木材厂非法雇用囚犯,并和北方来的商人大做生意。此时,白瑞德因用钱贿赂而恢复了自由。两人偶然碰面,再次展开爱恨交织的关系。弗兰克和艾希利因加入了反政府的秘密组织,在一次集会时遭 北方军包围,弗兰克中弹死亡,艾希利负伤逃亡,在白瑞德帮助下 回到韩媚兰身边。郝思嘉再次成为寡妇。此时,白瑞德前来向她求 婚,她终于与一直爱她的搞私运军火和粮食致富的白瑞德结了婚。 婚后,夫妻二人住在亚特兰大的豪华大宅。一年后,女儿邦妮出生, 白瑞德把全部感情投注到邦妮身上。郝思嘉偶然翻阅艾希利的照片 被白瑞德发现,终于导致了二人感情的破裂。其后,在艾希利的生日会前夕,郝思嘉与艾希利相见时热情的拥抱引起旁人非议,但韩媚兰不相信他们之间有暧昧关系。白瑞德可不这样想。当郝思嘉告诉白瑞德她已经再次怀孕时,白瑞德怀疑地问那是谁的孩子?郝思嘉在羞怒之下欲打白瑞德,却不慎滚下楼梯引起流产。白瑞德感到内疚,决心同郝思嘉言归于好,不料就在他俩谈话时,小女儿邦妮意外坠马摔死了。与此同时不幸的事也在另一个家庭里发生,韩媚兰终因操劳过度卧病不起。临终前,她把自已的丈夫艾希利和儿子托付给郝思嘉,但要求她保守这个秘密,郝思嘉不顾一切扑向艾希利的怀中,紧紧拥抱住他,站在一旁的白瑞德无法再忍受下去,而转身离去。面对伤心欲绝毫无反应的艾希利,郝思嘉终于明白,她爱的艾希利其实是不存在的,她真正需要的是白瑞德。当郝思嘉赶回家里告诉白瑞德,她是真正爱他的时候,白瑞德已不再相信她。他决心离开郝思嘉,返回老家去寻找美好的事物, 被遗弃的郝思嘉站在浓雾迷漫的院中,想起了父亲曾经对她说过的 一句话:“世界上唯有土地与明天同在。”她决定守在她的土地上 重新创造新的生活,她期盼着美好的明天的到来。本片在第十二届奥斯卡金像奖中荣获八项大奖:最佳影片奖、最佳艺术指导奖、最佳编剧奖、最佳导演奖、最佳摄影奖、最佳女主角奖、最佳女配角奖和最佳剪辑奖。永恒的战争与爱情的主题,永远的《乱世佳人》。
摘要:《飘》是美国女作家玛格丽特•米切尔的不朽之作。她的成功在于对女主人公 斯嘉丽情感的 真实写照,塑造了一个独特人物形象。本文从战前、战中、战后三个阶段分析了 斯嘉丽 性格特征。战前的幼稚、任性的少女,战中的精明强悍、敢做敢为,同时又吝啬贪婪,战后的顽强奋斗。小说《飘》原名GONE WITH THE WIND,意为随风而去,是美国女作家玛格丽特•米切尔创作的描写美国南北战争的小说,1937年获诺贝尔文学奖。作品中的主人公 斯嘉丽既是一个平凡的女子,她拥有许多少女的共同特征:热情、开朗、纯真、浪漫,但她又是一个不平凡的女子,面对环境变化,更多表现出她的坚强、勇敢、拼搏、自强。 斯嘉丽生长在一个优越的家庭,本拥有美丽的容貌和智慧,因此她又拥有一般贵族小姐的缺点:骄傲、自大、虚荣、任性。 斯嘉丽是一个鲜明、生动、丰富、复杂的人物形象,这一形象的魅力之所以经久不衰,在于作家对人物性格的成功塑造。我们把 斯嘉丽的生活经历和复杂性格形成大致分为战前、战中和战后三个阶段。一、战前优越的生活造就 斯嘉丽骄傲、自大、虚荣、任性作为一个南方大种植园主的女儿 斯嘉丽,她身上有一种温和的、过分讲究教养的海滨贵族血统和精明而凡俗的爱尔兰贫民血统相混合的不和谐气质。她既沿袭了父亲豪爽、粗犷、不拘小节和脾气暴躁的性格,又从小受到母亲良好的道德观念的熏陶,她既想做个像母亲那样有着大家闺秀风范的淑女,骨子里又有背叛种种道德规范的意识。这使得她爱慕虚荣、单纯而又实际,却不乏狡黠,不擅长缜密地思考问题。这一 性格特征在战前表现得比较突出。战前,她作为拥有众多黑人奴隶的塔拉农场主的女儿,拥有着财富和地位,生活安逸、富有魅力的外貌赋予她很强的虚荣心,不喜欢读书。对于艾希礼及媚兰所谈及的音乐、诗歌、书本知识一概不感兴趣,她只热衷于舞会、引人注目的漂亮衣服,迷恋骑马及穿梭于众多男子之间,成为各种聚会的中心,时时关注如何引人注意,如何出风头本。“人家谈话要是不拿她当作主要的话题,她就不耐烦得很”。此时 斯嘉丽是一个如此单纯的小女孩,她的虚荣心与简单的个性使她相信以她的魅力和手段能够掌握世界上的一切,尤其是男人。在这里,一个坦白、单纯而极具虚荣心,时常无知,却并不以为然的女性形象应运而生。她“决不能容忍人家爱别的女孩子而不爱她”,当汤家兄弟告诉她卫希礼马上要跟媚兰结婚时,她在心里说:“啊,这不是真实的,是他哥儿俩弄错了,希礼是不能爱她的。像媚兰那样一个小耗子一般的小个儿是没有人会爱上她的。”她竟天真地相信卫希礼其实是喜欢她的,甚至跑去要求阿希礼同她私奔。看得出,由于天生的丽质, 斯嘉丽这时已养成了一种唯我独尊的优越感,而正是这种优越感和她的自信自负使她的爱情成为必然的悲剧。在遭到阿希礼的拒绝后,为了报复希礼,她居然赌气地答应跟自己一点也不爱的查尔斯结婚,而且说越快越好。这就足见 斯嘉丽小姐的幼稚和任性。但即使是结婚,也是为了气阿希礼。本在她内心深处,他从未放弃阿希礼,从未放弃自己的初恋,永不放弃!这就是一贯娇生惯养过着优雅生活却高傲自负固执虚荣的 斯嘉丽。她的这一举动反映出了她的不曾涉世、任性和天真幼稚,她就是一个被宠坏的小女孩,因得不到自己想要的水果糖或玩具而哭闹不休。越是得不到越是想要得到!也就哭闹得越凶。而这颗水果糖或者说这尊玩具就是她的初恋———阿希礼! 二、战中过多的磨难迫使 斯嘉丽坚强、勇敢、拼搏、自强在战争中的经历,同时也是这个女主角的转变过程。在这段时期 斯嘉丽从一个随心所欲、贪图享乐的少妇变成了一个精明强悍、敢做敢为,同时又吝啬贪婪、斤斤计较的当家人。她身上表现出一种不畏艰难、艰苦创业的惊人毅力。她在前一个阶段的自私、任性到这个时候已被她对命运的顽强抗争精神掩盖得不那么明显了。由于战争的爆发,不久 斯嘉丽旋即成了寡妇,因为她的丈夫病死沙场。对于丈夫的死,她没有多少痛苦,因为她不爱查尔斯,但她不得不面对这场战争。 斯嘉丽一方面由于受阿希礼的委托要照顾即将生产的媚兰;另一方面又受到母亲病危的精神折磨。她如普通人一样也想抛弃媚兰回到母亲身边,但她没有这样做。即使自己对接生的事一窍不通又没有大夫时,听到媚兰痛苦的呻吟声,她感到仿佛有个牛轭沉重地落在她的头颈上,仿佛上面加了重负,这重负使她每跨一步就觉得十分吃力。在那个时代,一般的年轻妇女们可能早已晕倒在地上, 斯嘉丽却坚强挺了下来。这种骨子里的坚强让她保持了清醒的头脑和理智的判断。 斯嘉丽拖着刚生过孩子的奄奄一息的媚兰和已被炮火及北军吓坏的孩子逃离亚特兰大。途中她们遇到一头她们很怕的老母牛,可是她一下子就把自己本来的角色本转换过来,以前她是“连袜子也懒得捡”的庄园千金,可现在她们需要这头可怕的老母牛,媚兰的孩子需要喝奶,而且她们要吃。她怕牛,但最终她还是用自己唯一的一条完整的裙子撕成布条,一条条连结起来,直累得起泡的手指流出血来,颤抖不已才制服了这头牛。斯嘉丽一心想要回塔拉,因为母亲爱伦正在病危中。更重要的是她从小崇拜母亲,一有困难就寻求母亲的保护伞,当时她认为一回到家就可以卸下自己肩头的担子,天塌下来自有父亲母亲去顶,只要一回家她又可以无忧无虑地过回从前的生活了。殊不知,正当斯佳丽为塔拉没有被无情的战火摧毁感到庆幸时,一场更大的灾难正等着她。母亲已在前一天去世,父亲因母亲的辞世悲伤过度,神志不清。家里十来张嘴要吃饭,而塔拉种植园留给她的几乎一无所有了。面对这一切, 斯嘉丽也感到痛心,甚至是绝望,但她并非沉浸在悲痛之中。这时的她想起了她勇敢拓业的祖先本们,她需要的不是难过,难过解决不了问题。她需要的是把家支撑下去,她要像先辈们一样坚强地接受现实的挑战。她抛弃了贵族小姐的矜贵与骄傲,整日像一个黑奴一样劳作。饿过、痛过,受过屈辱和伤害,可 斯嘉丽还是坚持下来了。她指挥起一家人开始各得其所地工作,自己也事必亲躬,带头到田里去采熟了的棉花,在北方佬来临前带领大家将食品和牲口藏好。当一个北方佬骑兵威胁到她们的生活时,为了保护母亲的东西和辛苦得来的食物, 斯嘉丽这个手无缚鸡之力的女子居然冷静地开枪杀了人。斯嘉丽是勇敢的。可以想象在这时候的她,任何对她构成威胁的人或物,她都会冷静地将其消灭。她原本善良,连家禽都不曾伤害过,她本来可是连打猎时都不爱靠近被追杀的动物,连牲畜被宰杀时的哀号或罗网中野兔的尖叫声不忍听的姑娘。艰辛的生活已经让她完全明白了现实的残酷,也给予了她生活的勇气与魄力。谁又能够想象得到像公主一样的 斯嘉丽竟能在困境中勇敢坚强面对现实。同时,这个阶段的 斯嘉丽因为饱受了饥饿、贫穷的煎熬,受尽了生活的折磨,,完全失去了以前对生活的幻想和憧憬,变 得更加实际,充分认识到土地和金钱的无与伦比的作用。她丧失了道德和廉耻,变得虚伪、贪婪。当她处于无钱无权交不起税款的困境时。她并没有坐以待毙,而是顽强地站本起来做孤注一掷的挣扎,甚至不惜出卖自己的肉体和良心。她想到了白瑞德的钱,“我要跟他结婚”,她冷冰冰地想道,“那么我就不用再担心钱的事了。”于是她用母亲的窗帘改做成衣服,精心打扮一番,第二次到了饿狼陀三、战后残酷的现实促使 斯嘉丽贪婪、倔强、自私、卑鄙经历了一场残酷的战争后, 斯嘉丽对生活有了清醒而深刻的认识,对现实的态度也更理智了。她清楚地认识到只有理智地面对这个新兴的功利主义世界,才能保全她自己、她的家人和她的塔拉。在这种观念支配下,金钱对她来说显得越来越重要了。为了能赚取更多的钱,她毫不顾忌那种以为女人应该是无知、无识、不能有自己意见的上流社会的传统观念,自作主张买下锯木厂并抛头露面亲自经营。刚开始,别的生意人都嘲笑她,女流之辈哪会做生意呢。因此嘲笑中还带点和善的轻视。 斯嘉丽没有在风言风语中退缩或让步,她有自己的原则,她坚持做自己认为正确的事。这种倔强是生活压迫下的产物,更是 斯嘉丽内心坚强对生活的反抗,为了提高工作效率,获得更多的利益,本她又一次不顾众人的非议,排除种种阻碍,雇犯人到工厂来做工。她的这一系列行为已颇有一些离经叛道的意味,她自己坦然地走着这条路,而并非仅仅由于生活所需的不得已而为之,这表明她从思想到行动都已向着自己阶级的对立面迈进了一步。她以非凡的勇气面对来自保守势力的种种侮辱、胁迫和打击,以她特有的机敏和果断,以一个接一个骇世惊俗的行动,不断地去顺应自己的时代和社会。她做生意使用的残酷手段令人骇异,非法雇用囚犯,并和北方来的商人大做生意。她可以为了赚钱,丢开妇女足不出户的规矩,抛头露面地经营木材厂。为了更多的利益,采用“上等人”所瞧不起的“卑鄙”方法。还可以和一个被所有人责骂为无耻、下流的人结婚……但是 斯嘉丽已经根本不在乎别人对她的看法了,她想的只是能让自己过得更好一些,不再贫穷挨饿。这些举动在当时来说都是疯狂的,就连身边的亲朋好友都感到震惊, 斯嘉丽坚信这种冒险是值得的,而她一旦决定了的事就会全力以赴地按照自己的意愿行事。生活就是生活,不能逃避,更不能后退,要想在生活中占据主导地位就必须积极面对生活,想尽办法战胜困难。然而就是这个幸运儿,在爱情上却是一个极不幸的人,在人生的舞台上演了一曲彻头彻尾的爱情悲剧。 斯嘉丽在生活上是个实实在在的现实主义者,而在爱情上她却是一个地地道道的浪漫主义者、理想主义者。她爱阿希礼,爱得发了疯,几乎所有的追求、挣本扎、奋斗都是为了他。但那是她想象中的阿希礼,现实中的阿希礼是个脆弱、畏缩、虚伪的懦夫,他根本就适应不了战后的新时代。这一点 斯嘉丽与他是完全对立的他们根本就不属于同一类人。直到媚兰死后, 斯嘉丽才发现自己上了当,这时的她想到了白瑞德。只有这个人可以给她所需要的两样东西———爱和金钱。然而,此时的白瑞德也抛弃了她。最后 斯嘉丽被所有的人抛弃了,从物质到精神都被彻底地打垮了,她成了复辟逆流的牺牲品,不论在爱情上还是在事业上,她都成了一个悲剧人物,她创造了生活而最后又被无情的现实生活所抛弃。《飘》向我们展示了一个全新的女性形象。 斯嘉丽并不是一个完美的女人,但其坚强面对生活的性格永远激励人心尽管她的一些做法显得有些偏激,但她面对本现实,积极主动解决问题的思想仍是我们学习的榜样。她浑身散发出来的张扬不羁,她的自信、主动,为了家庭一次又一次地牺牲自己与生活不断抗争,勇敢而直接地面对现实的精神和勇气正是小说历久而魅力不衰的原因所在。生活对每个时代每个人来说都是不容易的,活着需要勇气,谁在困难面前低头谁就是生活的弱者。只有不畏困难,勇敢地面对现实才能积极地解决问题,才能主宰自己的命运。参考文献:[1] With the Wind〔M〕.World B-ook Publish-ing,2001. [2]谢景芝.《飘》中郝思嘉形象魅力解读〔J〕.河南大学学报,2005,(2)。[3](美)玛格丽特•米切尔.《乱世佳人》(全译本)[M].上海上海译文出版社,1990。[4]喻继红、李艳荣.《水火交融的“乱世佳人”》,襄樊职业技术学院学报,2005。
研究动态:西方女性主义是与革命相伴而行的,两次脑残星主义的浪潮推动了西方女性主义理论的发展,女性解放进程又促使女性主义超越单纯的政治行为,走向理性思考,投入与学术的结合,产生了大量的妇女学综合研究成果和多流派的女性主义理论,女性主义者将理论再投入时间,进一步深化女性主义学术与政治。因此,社会革命、理论反思、回归实践是西方女性主义的一般模式,而通过社会革命发展为独立的由女领导和为主题的女权运动、并注重理性建树是西方女性主义的特点。 本选题意义开拓了人们的视野,对以后的社会以及政治思想提供了新的认知角度。为人权的进步、妇女解放提供了有力的思想武器,对于构建和谐社会两性关系、家庭关系、社会关系具有重大的理论和实践意义。
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