甘蔗产业发展论文开题报告

种植甘蔗如何带动劳动人民脱贫致富，甘蔗的市场前景还是不错的，毕竟各种糖厂都需要用甘蔗作为原料。而且价格也比较贵，种植成本也不是特别的高，也不需要太多的技术，如果有人带领的话，那么一定可以让人民脱贫。

可以带来很大的收益，同时周期也比较长，可以带领劳动人民脱贫致富，甘蔗的市场潜力还是很广阔的，因为产业链很长，不仅可以卖甘蔗的产品，也可以卖副产品。

Guangxi sugar industry is an important economic pillar industries. Importance of the sugar cane industry research, development and promotion, to accelerate economic development in Guangxi is very important. Sugarcane is a perennial and annual herbaceous plants, the quality of ratoon sugarcane growth, a direct impact on the development of sugar industry. Strengthen the management of ratoon cane, sugar cane from the root to reduce production costs and improve efficiency of China's sugar cane industry to develop healthily, to improve the competitiveness of our guarantee. Ratoon cane in the field management measures, water management is the most common is also one of the most effective measure. Proper water management, will have a direct impact on ratoon cane yield and quality, thus affecting the level of benefits to sugar cane. In accordance with botany principle, the role of water in the sugar cane when coupled with the obvious effect of water is to play a key fertilizer, manure is open land and water systems of the key production performance. The test greenhouse smart cane for the research and production base, through a variety of water and fertilizer processing, artificial control of the growth process of sugar water and nutrient requirements. Through the combination of all to deal with the results of the investigation, comparison and analysis, to explore different combinations of water and fertilizer on sugarcane agronomic and economic characters, the interaction of water and fertilizer application in sugar cane and reasonable application of the program to develop and provide a theoretical basis.

甘蔗的市场前景不太好。

进口白糖比种甘蔗榨数成本低。

建议种其他农作物。

如玉米，如在湛江地区，一年可以种5造；还有种火龙果，也是不错。

玉米种植技术

选用优良品种

精选优质良种，一般选用具有高产潜力、耐密紧凑、大穗型的中晚熟品种，保证抗倒性比较强、抗病性能好。抗倒性强的品种茎秆坚硬、根系发达。抗病性强的品种高群体下抗叶斑病，如东疏镇种植的郑单958、农大108、登海9号、鲁单981等。选用包衣的良种，种子纯度高于96%，出芽率高于85%，净度高于98%。若实行单粒精播，种子出芽率应在94%以上。

精细播种随着机械化程度的提高，为玉米套种改直播创造了条件，同时也有利于推广玉米机械化播种，保证一播全苗，苗匀苗壮，提高均匀性、整齐度。适宜播种期为6月5至15日，一般播种至公顷，单粒播万至万粒/公顷。采用单粒点播机进行精量直播，一次完成施肥、播种，行距65cm，株距18cm，播种深度为5cm，播种后根据土壤墒情及时浇水。

选用耐密型品种，在中等肥力地块定苗控制为6万株/公顷，如农大108和登海9号等大穗型品种；在高肥力地块定苗控制为万株/公顷，如郑单958等品种；高产攻关田、示范田还要适当增加种植密度。

套种玉米采用直播方式，要缩短玉米与小麦的共生期，尽量避免出现弱小苗。苗期需控制氮肥用量，增施磷、钾肥和有机肥；另外，根据需要控制浇水，夏玉米生长期降雨与生长需水同步，除田间持水量小于55%外，各生育期一般不用浇水。定苗防止过密，大穗型品种一般不能超过6万株/公顷，中穗型不能超过万株/公顷，高密度容易造成空秆、病害重、倒伏等问题，导致中后期管理困难，影响产量。

定苗

玉米在三叶期丛苗疏开，5叶时可按株距定苗，要拔除病苗、弱苗、异株，留健壮苗；若遇缺苗断垄的地方，相邻处要留双株补苗。

玉米肥水管理

定苗后及时中耕，清垄灭茬，促进根部下扎。其中，防倒的关键性措施是增施钾肥、苗期控水和防止过密。玉米根深才能株壮和抗倒能力强，土壤旋耕2至3年后要深翻1次。深松土壤35cm，分次施氮肥，增施有机肥。

在测土掌握地力的基础上，根据目标产量9000kg/公顷以上，施肥量为速效氮150kg/公顷以上、速效磷60kg/公顷以上、速效钾75kg/公顷以上，有条件的增施硫酸锌公顷作底肥。

肥料运筹为轻施苗肥、重施穗肥、补追花粒肥。苗肥在玉米拔节前沿幼苗一侧开沟，将全部磷、钾、硫、锌肥与氮肥总量的30%左右深施15至20cm，以促根壮苗；在玉米大喇叭口期（叶龄指数55%至60%，第11至12片叶展开）重施穗肥，追施控制在总氮量的50%，以促进穗大粒多；在籽粒灌浆期追施花粒肥，控制在总氮量的20%，以增加千粒重、增强叶片的光合作用。施肥方式为沟施或穴施，施后埋土浇水，以提高肥料利用率。水分管理上，应均匀灌溉，推荐小畦隔沟交替灌溉的节水技术；全生育期在110d左右，要求玉米播种后苗期、抽雄开花期、灌浆成熟期土壤相对含水量在80%以上，确保光热资源充足。

The cane sugar job is important Guangxi economy cornerstone industry. Go into , development and spread taking sugarcane estate seriously, economic growth has very important significance to accelerating Guangxi. Sugarcane is an annual perennial root sex herb , perennial root sugarcane growth goodness and badness, direct effect to development of sugarcane estate. Reinforce the administration to perennial root sugarcane, from reducing the cost that sugarcane produces , improving kind of sugarcane beneficial result fundamentally, be that our country sugarcane estate can health develops , forcefulness improving synthetical competition ensures field management of perennial root sugarcane measure middle, that the manure of fermented night-soil mixed with water is managed is one of be also commonly most effective measure. The manure of fermented night-soil mixed with water manages proper , will have direct impact to output and quality arriving at the perennial root sugarcane or not , affects the height arriving at sugarcane beneficial result thereby. Principle , the manure of fermented night-soil mixed with water have obvious coincidence when playing role to the sugarcane according to the botany effect, water is the key that fertilizer efficiency brings into play , fertilize the key being that system produces an efficacy open natural environment and that big sheds are that scientific research produces a base with sugarcane intelligence greenhouse originally , handle by different manure of fermented night-soil mixed with water, person is that the growth process controlling a sugarcane is hit by required moisture content and nutrient. By comparing and analysing to the investigation , handling combination result's one by one, discuss an impact of different manure of fermented night-soil mixed with water combination over sugarcane agriculture properties and economy properties, provide the theory basis for the application that the manure of fermented night-soil mixed with water does mutually on the sugarcane works out rational employment.标准人工翻译、、希望可以帮助你、、、

一是要按标准进行继续进行基地土地整治、蔗田水利设施建设等，完善相关配套设施安排(这部分基地可以享受到中央预算投资)，二是通过育种手段进行品种改良、栽培措施的改善，减轻倒伏发生程度;三是进行标准化种植，增加农机农艺融合力度，制定和完善种植地块大小、种植行距、机耕道、地头转弯面积等相关标准;五是增加特色、大型新机械的研发力度，毕竟机械化是规模化发展的前提;六是加快糖厂前处理工艺的进一步改造，增强机收甘蔗的压榨能力，保证机收蔗应收尽收;七是进一步加强农艺农机融合、信息化的融合，提高农机作业质量，使种植更直更匀。