原文:B. Process Development Tool Lithography modeling has also proven to be an invaluable tool for the development of new lithographic processes or equipment. Some of the more common uses include the optimization of dye loadings in photoresist [23,24], simulation of substrate reflectivity [25,26], the applicability and optimization of top and bottom antireflection coatings [27,28], and simulation of the effect of bandwidth on swing curve amplitude [29,30]. In addition, simulation has been used to help understand the use of thick resists for thin film head manufacture [31] as well as other non-semiconductor applications. Modeling is used extensively by makers of photoresist to evaluate new formulations [32,33] and to determine adequate measures of photoresist performance for quality control purposes [34]. Resist users often employ modeling as an aid for new resist evaluations. On the exposure tool side, modeling has become an indispensable part of the optimization of the numerical aperture and partial coherence of a stepper [35-37] and in the understanding of the print bias between dense and isolated lines [38]. The use of optical proximity correction software requires rules on how to perform the corrections, which are often generated with the help of lithography simulation [39]. As a development tool, lithography simulation excels due to its speed and cost-effectiveness. Process development usually involves running numerous experiments to determine optimum process conditions, shake out possible problems, determine sensitivity to variables, and write specification limits on the inputs and outputs of the process. These activities tend to be both time consuming and costly. Modeling offers a way to supplement laboratory experiments with simulation experiments to speed up this process and reduce costs. Considering that a single experimental run in a wafer fabrication facility can take from hours to days, the speed advantage of simulation is considerable. This allows a greater number of simulations than would be practical (or even possible) in the fab.翻译:B.工艺过程开发工具 Lithography塑造也被证明是为新的平版印刷的过程或设备的发展的一个无价的工具。 某些更加共同的用途包括染料的优化 在光致抗蚀剂[23,24的]基体反射性[25,26的] loadings,模仿,上面和底部抗反射膜[27,28的]带宽的作用的适用性和优化和模仿对摇摆曲线高度[29,30]。 另外,模仿被用于帮助了解使用浓厚为薄膜头制造[31]抵抗并且其他非半导体应用。 塑造由光致抗蚀剂制造商广泛地用于评估新的公式化[32,33]和确定充分 光致抗蚀剂表现measures质量管理的打算[34]。 抵抗用户经常使用塑造作为新的援助抵抗评估。 在曝光工具边,塑造成为了数值口径和部分相干性的优化的一个不可缺少的部分步进[35-37]和在对在密集和被隔绝的线[38之间的]印刷品偏心的理解。 使用光学接近度更正软件要求关于怎样的规则执行更正,在石版印刷模仿[39帮助下]经常引起。 As开发工具,石版印刷模仿擅长由于它的速度和成本效益。 工艺过程开发通常介入跑许多实验确定最宜的处理情况,震动可能的问题,确定敏感性到可变物和写规格限制 the过程的输入和输出。 这些活动倾向于是费时和昂贵的。 塑造提供一个方式用仿真实验补充实验室实验加速这个过程和 reduce费用。 考虑在薄酥饼制造设施的实验性奔跑可能从几小时采取到几天,模仿的速度好处是可观的。 这比实用(甚至可能的)允许模仿的一个更加了不起的数字在很好。