企业管理论文外文文献

China’s accession into the WTO has triggered extensive discussions on the part of macroeconomists, both domestic and international, concerning China’s macroeconomic performance in the future. As a would-be senior enterprise manager, I have also been gravely concerned about the possible impacts that this historical event would produce on enterprise management. During my prospective studies at NYU, I plan to work on an individual project which will be entitled Designing the Optimum Management Mode for China’s Medium- and Small-Sized Enterprises After China’s Accession into the WTO. In China, the medium- and small-sized enterprises have been playing an increasingly important role in the country’s whole economy. Yet, the management of those enterprises is far from being effective. They cannot make effective use of their resources to realize their potential profits, or they have failed to properly estimate their long-term profit-making capacity. Their survival seems to be ensured when only faced with domestic competition because their competitors are equally incompetent in their management. However, their competitors after China’s entry into WTO are those international enterprises with professional management expertise. If those Chinese enterprises cannot fully utilize their resources or make strategic adjustments, their existence and profit-making ability would be seriously jeopardized. The objective of my project is to evolve a system of optimum management mode, together with its methodology and concepts, which fits the special characteristics of Chinese enterprises. In addition, I will propose some specific feasibility models. The research findings of this project would provide valuable information for those enterprises to help them achieve that they actually deserve by means of effective management.My project will proceed in this way. First, as China’s current economic system is rather unique in the entire world, a system that combines free market system with the so-called socialist system, I will conduct an analysis of both the macro and the micro economic circumstances of those enterprises. The research may lead to the following results, that the optimum management mode of China’s enterprises might differ fundamentally from that of their foreign counterparts in terms of its form of expression, although the purpose of designing the management mode is essentially the same --- the realization of profits. At the same time, I will endeavor to know the existing conditions of management in those enterprises and discover the inherent problems in their management and their potential resources. It is precisely those potential resources that are their potential profit margins. The aim of doing so is to compare and contrast the management in those enterprises with that of excellent enterprises. Those procedures will be completed before I leave China to pursue studies at your university. At least I will have to collect all the necessary materials before I proceed onto further studies during my program at your university.In the second stage of my project, I will attempt at a study of all the requisite elements that characterize optimum management mode as described by management theories. I will try to trace the process how these elements evolved and their present form of expression by studying the management cases of successful international enterprises. This step will be crucial as what I discover will be the most precious experience for Chinese enterprises. As for the choice of the cases, I will concentrate on those foreign enterprises that are analogous to their Chinese counterparts both in the scale and in the nature of business operation. Based on my understanding of the existing condition of Chinese medium- and small-sized enterprises, I will lay emphasis on the construction of corporate culture and the design of management strategies.All successful international enterprises have their correspondingly excellent corporate cultures which serve as the foundation for their constant creation of ever-increasing profits, sustained growth, and triumphs over their competitors. Most enterprise administrators in China are inheritors of the conventional mentality of the planned economy who absolutely fail in the cultivation of their corporate cultures. The successful cultivation of corporate culture requires the top management to be equipped with knowledge in administration science, psychology, organizational behavior and in other sciences, a process which demands tremendous creativity. To complete this project satisfactorily, I need to immerse myself in the coursework that your university will offer me. I also need to summarize the characteristics of corporate culture that many successful international enterprises share and the process whereby the successful corporate cultures developed. Those characteristics can be important lessons that Chinese enterprises can assimilate because China’s membership in the WTO forces its enterprises to be confronted with the similar business environment to that faced by their foreign counterparts long operating under the market economy system. Meanwhile, by combining my research findings with the actual circumstances of the Chinese enterprises, I can come up with some creative ideas as to the proper mode of corporate culture development in keeping with the characteristics of those enterprises. Moreover, the design of management strategies is something that Chinese enterprises lack. For Chinese enterprises that switch from a relatively self-enclosed market to the liberal international market, it is necessary to effect a transformation in their management strategies and this transformation will be vital for the successful transition from domestic to international markets. In terms of research methodology, I will adopt those approaches similar to those for my studies on the corporate culture.I believe that this envisioned project will contribute importantly to the enterprise management of China and it will be much more fruitful if I can secure assistance from the seasoned faculty members of your prestigious university.

O(∩_∩)O哈哈~

Core competitiveness of enterprises is unique, can bring economic benefits, corporate sustainabilityThe core competence of competitive advantage, once owned enterprise core competitive ability, can make the enterprise form long-term advantage, promote the development of the enterprise. Since the 1990s, western strategic theorists are very concerned that core competitiveness of enterprises, the core competitiveness of enterprises is the driving force, is growing enterprise obtains a sustainable competitive advantage.A small and medium-sized enterprise core competitiveness. To analyze the current situationSince the reform and opening up, China's small and medium-sized enterprise development of small and medium-sized enterprises in economic development, and played an important role, the survival and development of small and medium-sized enterprises more and more attention, and its status and known by people. The future belongs to the era of small and medium-sized enterprises, vigor of small and medium-sized enterprises will continue to play its flexible, salesConvenient and flexible liquidity advantages in the fierce competition in the market economy in his place, and to inject new vitality into the economic development.In the development of small and medium-sized enterprises has its own advantages, but also faced a series of small and medium-sized enterprises, the current problems facing an outstanding problem is lack of competitiveness, especially the lack of core competitiveness, embodied in the following aspects:1 enterprise strategic consciousness, strategic intent is not clearSustained competitive advantage to play with the development strategy of enterprise strategic intention that match the future direction of the enterprise, business development plan, the position. From now on, the small and medium-sized enterprises widespread light strategy, tactics, and on the decision thinking formulary experience. With no clear strategic intent, caused many small and medium-sized enterprise management, business field direction, lost the blindness of management and speculative, optional features.2 limited resources scattered into the diversified trapMany small and medium-sized enterprise diversification is enterprise profit growth for expansion, and dispersive risk strategy. Many small and medium-sized enterprises in the main business still does not have strong competitive situation, diversification, due to the implementation of blind in multiple domain of business resources, scattered in the specific areas of business enterprise resources, especially the impact strength of the core areas that need resources or main business field of competitiveness, damage to cultivating the core competitiveness of enterprises, and some even lost the original advantage.3) research and development and innovation ability is poor investmentAssess, small and medium-sized enterprises in China r&d funds for the proportion of sales revenue, and average less than 0.4% international businesses generally think of funds for research, sales of more than 5%, the enterprise has competitiveness, Just enough to maintain 2%, Less than 1% of the enterprise is hard to survive. Technological innovation is the power of the enterprise research and development ability, to small and medium-sized enterprises in China, the serious shortage of r&d input hindered enterprise technology improvement and innovation, severely weakened the enterprise sustainable competitive capacity of enterprises, the further development.4 organizational structure, management confusion. BackwardWith the development of knowledge economy, the information management play a more and more important role in time, the information, the communication of information, to traditional organizational structure adjustment, organization structure should be flexible to flat, the development direction. While the majority of small and medium-sized enterprises at present in our country executes or traditional linear organization structure, due to the lagging organization structure adjustment, and the domestic large enterprises and foreign enterprises, management of small and medium-sized enterprises, especially behind the enterprise's strategic management, cost and quality management, human resources management, sales management, etc., it is hard to adapt to the fierce market competition. Enterprise organization structure unreasonable, operation mechanism is not alive, the radical reasons.Ii. Cultivate core competitiveness of small and medium-sized enterprisesEnterprise core competitive ability is enterprise, can create economic benefits and difficult to competitors mimic the unique ability of the enterprise, it is necessary to establish and maintain the advantage conditions, is the enterprise from the technology products, from management to the comprehensive quality of small and medium-sized enterprises core embodiment. Cultivate the core competitive force of important realistic significance.1 our economy has from the economic surplus to economic shortageIn short, although economic times of small and medium-sized enterprises in the production of products, product technical content is low, but due to the low product demand, small and medium-sized enterprises producing products can still sell in the market and has certain advantages. In the market economy is increasingly perfect today, products, and the buyer's market for products glut has gradually formed, and with the progress of science and technology, the Chinese small and medium-sized enterprises in market competition in the original advantage is gradually disappear, cultivate their own unique advantages of small and medium-sized enterprises is the key to enhance its competitiveness.2 both domestic and international market competition becomes increasingly fierceAfter joining the wto, foreign goods can proceed in China, which makes the consumer market is very small and medium-sized enterprises. At the same time, domestic market competition will be more intense. In recent years, China's small and medium-sized enterprises can rapid development, largely thanks to the government and tariff barriers to adjust the macro-control. But after the wto entry, tariffs and canceling gradually, foreign products with high quality and low price to win the domestic consumer, it is undoubtedly to small and medium-sized enterprises more challenges. Facing economic globalization and the entry of wto, the core competitiveness of the small and medium-sized enterprises will sooner or later in the fierce competition in the market.3 for sustainable development of the enterpriseThe small and medium-sized enterprises in China, many enterprises can why some people, develop, and some of the enterprise is just a flash in the pan. Investigate its reason, the key lies in whether the enterprise with long-term competitive advantages. In certain period of small and medium-sized enterprises to gain a competitive advantage is not difficult, difficult is long-term competitive advantage. Economic globalization, due to the product life cycle is shortened, competition is critical to the success of the enterprise owns continuously develops new products and market competition ability of special. The long-term competitive advantages of enterprises from the core competitiveness of superior rivals. Only the cultivation of small and medium-sized enterprises core competitiveness, to drive the development of enterprise, the enterprise limited manpower,核心竞争力是企业独具的、能为企业带来经济效益的、支撑企业可持续性 竞争优势的核心能力,企业一旦拥有核心竞争能力,就会使企业形成长期优势,推动企业的长久发展。20世纪90年代以来,西方战略理论家们就十分关注企业核心竞争力,认为核心竞争力是企业成长的驱动力,是企业获取持续竞争优势的基础。一.我国中小企业核心竞争力现状分析改革开放以来，我国中小企业得到了不断的发展，中小企业在经济发展中发挥了重要的作用，中小企业的生存和发展越来越受到人们的关注，它的地位也越来越为人们所认识。未来时代是属于中小企业的时代，充满活力的中小企业必将继续发挥其经营灵活自如、销售快捷 方便、资金周转灵活等优势，在竞争激烈的市场经济中取得自己的立足之地，并为经济发展注入新的活力。中小企业在发展中有自身的优势，但也面临一系列问题，当前中小企业面临的一个突出问题就是缺乏竞争力，特别是普遍缺乏核心竞争力，具体表现在以下几个方面：1.企业战略意识淡薄，战略意图不明确持续竞争优势的发挥需要与发展战略相匹配企业战略意图表明了企业未来的前进方向、自己的业务定位、计划发展的能力。从目前来看，中小企业普遍存在着重战术、轻战略，依赖经验决策的思维定式。由于没有明确的战略意图，导致了许多中小企业经营方向迷失，经营领域模糊，经营的盲目性、投机性、随意性特点突出。2.有限的资源分散，跌入多元化陷阱多元化经营被很多中小企业认为是企业寻求规模扩张、利润增长、分散风险的策略。目前很多中小企业在主营业务尚不具备较强的竞争力的状况下，盲目实施多元化经营，由于资源分散在多个业务领域，分散了企业在具体业务领域的资源实力，尤其是影响了需要资源保证的核心领域或主营业务领域的竞争力，损害了对核心竞争力的培养，一些企业甚至丧失了原有的优势。3.研究发展投入不足，创新能力差椐调查，我国中小企业研发经费占销售收入的比例平均水平不到0.4%，而国际企业界普遍认为，研发经费占销售额的5%以上，企业才有竞争力；占2%仅够维持；不足1%的企业则难以生存。技术创新的动力在于企业的研发能力，对我国中小企业而言，研发投入的严重不足阻碍了企业进行技术改进和创新，严重削弱了企业的持续竞争能力，制约了企业的进一步发展壮大。4.组织结构调整滞后，管理混乱随着知识经济的发展，信息在管理中发挥了越来越重要的作用，为了及时的传递信息，沟通信息，必须对传统的组织结构进行调整，组织结构应向扁平化、柔性化方向发展。而目前我国大多数中小企业实行的还是传统的直线型组织结构，由于组织结构调整滞后，与国内大型企业及国外企业相比，我国中小企业的管理落后，尤其是企业的战略管理、成本理、质量管理、人力资源管理、销管理等方面，很难适应激烈的市场竞争。企业组织结构不合理，经营机制不活，是影响企业竞争力的带有根本性的深层次原因。二. 培育中小企业核心竞争力的必要性企业核心竞争力是企业所拥有的,能够创造经济效益并难以被竞争对手模仿的独特能力,它是企业建立和保持优势的必要条件，是企业从技术到产品，从管理到战略综合素质的核心体现.培育中小企业的核心竞争力具有重要的现实意义。1.我国经济已从短缺经济走向过剩经济在短缺经济时代，尽管中小企业生产的产品技术含量低,产品档次低,但由于产品供不应求,中小企业生产的产品仍然能销售出去并在市场中具有一定的优势。在市场经济体制日益完善的今天，产品往往供过于求,产品的买方市场已逐步形成,而且随着科学技术的进步，我国中小企业在市场竞争中的原有优势正在逐步消失,培育自己的独特优势是中小企业增强其竞争力的关键。2.国内外市场竞争日趋激烈加入wto后，国外的商品可以长驱直入我国的消费市场,这使得中小企业受到很大的冲击。同时，国内市场的竞争将更加激烈。近几年来，我国的中小企业之所以能较快发展，很大程度上得益于关税壁垒的调节和政府的宏观调控能力。而入世后，关税降低以至逐步取消，外国产品将以质优价廉赢得国内的消费者，这无疑是给中小企业更多的挑战.面对经济全球化和加入wto的挑战，没有核心竞争力的中小企业迟早会在激烈的市场竞争中被淘汰。3.企业可持续发展的需要在我国众多的中小企业中，为什么有些企业能长盛不衰,发展壮大,而有些企业只是昙花一现?究其原因，关键在于企业是否拥有长期的竞争优势.中小企业在某个特定时期取得竞争优势并不是很难，难的是长期保持竞争优势.经济全球化时代，由于产品寿命周期的日渐缩短，竞争成功的关键在于企业是否拥有不断开发新产品和开拓市场的特殊竞争能力。企业的长期竞争优势来源于优于竞争对手的核心竞争力.只有培育中小企业的核心竞争力,才能带动企业各方面的发展，把企业有限的人力

工商管理论文参考文献有

工商管理论文的参考文献有哪些呢?工商管理，是研究工商企业经济管理基本理论和一般方法的学科，是备受学生们喜欢的学科。下面是我分享的工商管理论文的参考文献，欢迎阅读!

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