中外服饰差异英语毕业论文

Abstract: Dress culture is a cultural phenomenon unique to human beings. As it has different aesthetic ideas, different dressing concepts and different dress etiquette in China and west, it forms Chinese and western dress culture of the different connotation and characteristics. This thesis is divided into four major sections. The first part describes the different features of Chinese and western dress and why people wear clothing. The second part describes cultural differences between Chinese and western clothing. The third part gives an analysis of Chinese and western dress culture. The last part describes Chinese and western dress aesthetic culture and dress concept. Based on the analysis, the thesis finally draws a conclusion. Chinese and western dress culture each has rich connotation and distinct characteristics, which are precious cultural legacy which is left by human ancestors and are the world culture heritage. At the same time, we treasure our own civilization of five thousand years instead of belittling ourselves. It is significant to promote and develop our unique costume culture. We are confident and make contributions to realizing the rejuvenation of our Chinese nation and enriching the clothing culture of the whole world. Key words: Chinese and western clothing; culture；differences；aesthetic culture and clothing concepts 摘要摘要摘要摘要::::服饰文化是人类特有的文化现象。由于中西方各民族的审美观念、着装理念和服饰礼仪的不同，从而形成了不同内涵、不同特色的中西方服饰文化。本文共分为四部分。第一部分主要介绍了中西服饰的不同特征以及为什么人要穿衣服，第二部分写中西方服饰的差异，第三部分写导致中西方服饰文化差异的原因，第四部分则写中西方服饰审美文化和着装理念。通过以上简单的论述，最后得出结论，中西方服饰文化各具有丰富的内涵和鲜明的特色，她们都是人类祖先留下来的宝贵文化遗产 ,是世界文化的瑰宝。与此同时,我们应该珍惜自己五千年的文明而不是贬低自己的文明。促进和发展我们独特的民族服饰文化具有重要的意义。为了实现我们中华民族的文化复兴和丰富整个世界的文化，让我们自信起来吧！ 关键词关键词关键词关键词::::中西服饰；文化；差异性；审美文化与着装理念Introduction Costume culture, carried by costume, is a respect of our physical and spiritual life and a mixture of our psychological activities like consciousness, emotion, idea and ideal. The rapid development of advanced technology makes multiculturalism stand out and also makes conflicts between China and the West increase. In that case, it becomes more and more important to recognize the similarities and differences of costume culture between China and the West. Nowadays, the whole world is, to some extent, dominated by the western costume culture, which has wound its way into the daily life of the whole world, together with technology, life style and values from the West. Quite popular in China, it’s nominally called “internationalization” or “globalization”. In recent years, the costume industry of China has developed swiftly. The “international” costume, featured by the western costume culture, has become a pretty important part of our daily life. However, as our economy takes off, international status rises and living standard improves, a wave of national costume culture resurgence is rising. Moreover, people from the West pay more and more attention to the giant dragon in the East——China. Western costume designers constantly introduce Chinese costume cultural elements to their latest designs. Those phenomena arouse a series of thoughts: what distinguishes Chinese costume culture from the western one? Are there any similarities between them? What kind of costume culture will we Chinese hold as the mainstream in the future, the so-called “international” western one, the Chinese one or the fusion of the two? To obtain the answers to these questions, we are supposed to study and contrast carefully the characteristics and developing processes of them, and then draw some regularity. To contrast the costume culture between China and the West, it is necessary for us to master a good knowledge of the Chinese and western costume cultural 1 Chinese and western dress The different features of Chinese and western dress China is known as “Xia” as it’s a land of propriety, and it’s also known as “Hua” with the beauty of its costume. (①《左传》p83) Our national costume is Hanfu. It originated in the Yanhuang era, formed in the Spring and Autumn Period and officially took form in Han Dynasty. That’s the reason why it’s called “Hanfu”. Since then, in spite of historical evolutions of all ages, their basic characteristics have never changed. Hanfu, on the whole, can be divided into four developing stages: Zhou Han Hanfu, Wei Jin Hanfu, Sui Tang Hanfu and Song Ming Hanfu. Zhou Han Hanfu was featured by dignity and simplicity, while Wei Jin Hanfu by chic and elegance, Sui Tang Hanfu by dignified, graceful, elegant and poised style. Hanfu in Song and Ming Dynasties epitomizes the characteristics of the past-simple, dignified, elegant, etc. In Qing Dynasty, Hanfu was forbidden by the government and disappeared from the land of China. The main features of Chinese clothing are focusing on the right collar’s overlap, the band deducted hidden, big sleeves, no buttons and using string binding, giving the impression of free and easy flowing. These characteristics are obviously different from those of other ethnic costumes. Hanfu is divided into uniform and common clothing. With strict standards, uniform is dressed on formal occasions while the common clothing, without long sleeves, is very convenient to people’s daily life. However, the western clothing is different form the Chinese clothing. The West belongs to Marine civilization, it emphasizes the subjective and objective separation and that we should rationally treat clothing, advocate releasing personality, stress dress effect and be good at showing beautiful the posture of the body. Besides, we use various clipping, color collocation means to perfect bodily curve and give a person with visual comfort in the modeling. A suit, also known as a business suit, comprises a collection of matching clothing consisting of: a coat﹙commonly known as a jacket﹚,a waistcoat﹙optional﹚﹙USA vest﹚for men, a pair of trousers﹙USA pants﹚, or for women, a shirt or trousers. A suit is generally accompanied by torment, a shirt and tie or for women, a blouse. Why people wear clothingChinese people are concerned more about its social function of helping to rule a country well than that of keeping warm or decorating. It has a lot to do with ruling a country to regulate the dressing way of the common people. Nevertheless, the westerners pay more attention to its wealth value and function. Therefore, people put on clothing for functional and social reasons. The functional reason The first use of clothing is to resist the cold and cover the body. Functions of clothing include providing the human body protection against extremes of climate (extreme heat, icy winters, and drenching storms) and protection against insects, noxious, chemicals, and contact with abrasive substances. In sum, clothing protects human beings against anything that might injure the naked, unprotected human body. The social reason Clothing also delivers social messages to other humans. Social messages sent by clothing, accessories, and decorations can involve social status, occupation, ethnic and religious belief, marital status, cultural degree and sexual availability, etc. For example, only Roman citizens can wear “Toga” in Rome while dragon robe can only be dressed by the emperor in China.

一、引言文化，这两种孕育自不同半球的文化，由于历史、地理环境、生产制度等方面的原因，有着极大的差异，截然不同的特色。这两种文化差异，一直备受关注。随着全球化的到来，全世界各民族间商业交流往来的日益频繁，了解中西方文化价值差异可以更好促进民族间经济、文化交流与沟通，从而避免所引起的不必要的误会和麻烦，导致的文化休克（culture shock）或交际失败（communication failure）。而语言是文化的载体，是文化的一部分，很大程度上反映了文化。谚语作为“民族文化之明镜”，来自于生活，更深刻地反映了民族文化特色，体现了人们的生产生活、思想观念、文化取向，具有持久的生命力、广泛的通俗性、生动的口语化的特点。英国著名学者培根曾说过：“The genius, wit and spirit of a nation are discovered in its proverbs.”（一个民族的天才、智慧和精神，都可以在其谚语中发现。）本文将从汉英谚语入手谈谈中西文化在地理环境、宗教信仰、历史、文学传统、民族性格、思想观念等方面的差异。二、 地理环境文化是在一定的自然环境里生发出来的。人们所生存的不同环境势必影响人们的生活、生产方式，影响人们对客观外界的观察与思考。人们以通俗形象的语言来讲述自己的生活体验，描述自然现象，总结生产实践，概括生产经验。这些语言口口相传，千锤百炼，成为大家喜闻乐诵的谚语。这些谚语必然反映出自然环境的不同特征，带有鲜明的地域文化和生态文化的色彩。英国是个岛国，四面环海，海岸线曲折多变，港湾楔入，岛屿众多。这样的自然环境给英国人提供了舟楫之便。人们在长期的航运渔业生活中，创造出数以百计的英语谚语，反映他们对生活及大自然的体验和观察。如：There’s as good fish in the sea as ever come out of it.有了大海，还怕没鱼。No fishing like fishing in the sea.捕鱼要到大海。Who will not be ruled by the rudder must be ruled by the rock.船离舵，要闯祸。A dog in the morning,sailors take warning; a dog in the night is the sailors’ delight.朝虹出天际，水手心事重，夜间见彩虹，水手乐哈哈。He goes a great voyage that goes to bottom of the sea.到达海底的人，才算做了一次远航。特殊的地理环境形成了特有的岛国气候。英国气候潮湿，天气变化大，岛上晴天少，雨天多，且多阵雨，因此，英国人出门常带把雨伞。由于英国天气变化无常的缘故，英国人非常关心天气，也喜欢谈论天气，并因此而产生了许多关于天气的谚语[1](P85)：April weather, rain and shine both together.一边日出一边雨，晴雨无常四月天。An English summer, three(or two)hot days and a thunderstorm.英国的一个夏季，三（两）个热天一阵大雷雨。A misty morning may have a fine day.早晨有雾露，可能是晴天。When the wind’s in the west, the weather’s at the best.风从西方起，天气最佳丽。而处于另一个半球的中国则有着不同的地理自然风貌，中华文明发源于长江黄河流域，中国自古是典型的农耕社会，人们过着自给自足的农耕生活，农业是国民经济的重要支柱，农业在历代政府中都受到极大的重视。因此产生了许多与农业相关的谚语。如：庄稼百样巧，地是无价宝。 人勤地不懒，勤奋谷仓满。 田里无神无鬼，全靠肥料土水。 庄稼老汉不知闲，放下锄头拿扁担。 农夫不种田，城里断炊烟。 田像一块铁，在于人来打。[2]（P240-241）我国的天气谚语，从量上、质上，以及悠久的历史传统上，值得称道。如“灶烟往下埋，不久雨就来”、“春天孩儿脸，一日变三变”、“太阳颜色黄，明日大风狂”、“久晴大雾必阴，久雨大雾必晴”、“夜里星光明，明朝仍旧晴”等等。[1]（P85）三、 特定历史每个民族都以不同的方式在人类历史的画卷中写着自己特定的历史。从谚语中可以一窥历史风云变化。英国从十六世纪开始发展资本主义，经济迅速发展并逐渐开始迅速向海外扩张，掠夺资本主义原料，进行资本主义的原始积累。Shoe-maker’s wife goes bare feet.这句谚语正是出自于十六世纪资本主义新兴时期，小资本家拼命发家致富，属于手工业者的鞋匠们为积攒钱财，竟然连给妻子买鞋穿的钱都不舍得花。十七世纪起英国在东印度扩张，十八世纪中叶建立殖民统治。He came safe from the East –India, and was drowned in the Thames.他从东印度安然归来，却淹死于泰晤士河。[3]（P79）英国历史上曾遭到多次其他国家的入侵。罗马统治期间，社会生活罗马化，拉丁语是官方、法律、商业和法律用语。丹麦人侵占期间，丹麦语也传入英国。1066年法国诺曼底登陆后，英国为法国所征服。 法语很长时期成为英国的官方语言，贵族、朝臣、地主和上流社会都使用法语，如当时的英国国王爱德华是完全不会说英语的国王，因此有英谚云：Jack would be a gentleman if he could speak French.要是杰克能讲法语，那他就是个绅士了。而三种语言交配混合到英语中，充实了英语语言，也带来了许多拉丁语、法语谚语。[1]（P84）Anger is a short madness .愤怒是短暂的疯狂。（拉丁语）Art is long, life is short. 艺术是无限，生命是有限的。（拉丁语）All roads leads to Rome. 条条大路通罗马。（法语）He that is afraid of asking is ashamed of learning. 怕问者耻于学。（丹麦语）而在中国的历史长河中，秦始皇于公元前221年统一中国，从此中国进入了漫长的封建社会。广大劳动人民深受压迫和剥削，生活于水深火热之中，而统治阶级却过着穷奢极欲的生活。[4]（P50）有许多汉谚就反映了这一点。

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People in different parts of the world dress differently,such as the dressing between the east and west in the past. But such differences are no longer significant between china and the west. Nowadays on the street of Chinese cities you can see people wearing suits or shirts or T-shirts just as people do in the west. However, some difference remains. For example, in China people tend to be more "conservative", that is, they don't want certain parts of their body exposed when dressed, unlike some in the west. So world is just one family for all of us,we can know it just from you think so?

可以从各自的历史发展、民族背景文化方面着手，比较各自在服饰方面的不同，服饰与民族的思想观念，文化风俗都有极大的关系，这个是大的环境方面的阐述，接下来可以针对之前提出的大环境的比较针对各自的服饰作细节方面的比较，比如风格，色彩、面料、工艺流程等等。。。关于细节的方面是很多的，而且就您提问的问题概念应该是比较广的，要阐述到位是很难的，因此也可以就细节的某个点进行阐述，比如关于中外服饰形式方面的比较，又或者面料方面的比较，这样可能会做的全面一点