genotype论文范文

一、标题：生活,impaired-fidelity冠状病毒疫苗的保护在一个年龄,免疫功能不全的致命疾病的小鼠模型二、摘要：:生活,减毒RNA病毒疫苗是有效的,但回归毒性。在RNA病毒,复制保真度被认为是毒性的一个关键决定因素,逃离抗病毒疗法;增加忠诚是衰减对一些病毒。冠状病毒(x)复制保真度大约是20倍大于其他RNA病毒,是由一种3′5′核酸外切酶(外显子)活动,可能在RNA校对功能。在这项研究中,我们证明了失活的严重急性呼吸系统综合症(SARS)-CoV外显子活动的结果在一个稳定的突变表型与深刻的忠诚减少体内的发病机理和衰减年轻,年龄和小鼠免疫功能不全的。的外显子失活基因型和突变表型稳定和不回复毒性,即使串行通道或长期持续感染体内。外显子失活有潜在的广泛应用的稳定衰减CoVs,也许其他RNA病毒。

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a serious hazard to human health, but also worldwide, one of the most common malignant tumor. HBV infection caused by a large number of studies have shown that the proportion of hepatocellular carcinoma hepatocellular carcinoma is the world number about 75 to 85%, but the specific HBV causes liver cancer has not been fully elucidated the mechanism [1]. Recent studies of hepatitis B virus genotypes, and various genotypes of the mechanism of HBV induced liver cancer has become a hot research. Domestic and international research shows that, HBV genotype may be associated with disease progression after infection clinical presentation, prognosis and treatment response and other anti-virus are closely related. Now widely recognized that genotype C caused by inflammatory necrosis and fibrosis is more severe than type B, and C-related liver cirrhosis and liver cancer; genotype B, the cumulative survival rate was significantly higher than C-. Recent studies show that, HBV DNA mutation rate than other about 10 times, HBV gene variation and clinical outcome of disease associated variant can lead to increased pathogenicity and replication, an important change in the host immune response against the epitopes and the generation HIV drug resistance. HBV gene encoding the overlapping of different, such as promoter and enhancer regulatory sequences and is located within the gene encoding, a part of the gene mutation will affect the expression of multiple genes to form HBV gene mutation [2,3], so more complete study of hepatitis B virus genome variability and its biological significance is particularly important. HBV genotype on the domestic and foreign scholars in recent years, the variation between sites and the HCC study done a lot in recent years, Yunnan has on the distribution of HBV genotypes reported, but on the HBV genotype and HCC variation between sites not been reported yet. This study aimed to chronic HBV infection in Yunnan genotype infection to understand the detection of variable sites, to explore the genotype of chronic HBV infection, common variable sites and the relationship between hepatocellular carcinoma. 希望是你需要的译文！谢谢！

肝细胞癌(HCC)是严重危害人类健康、也是全世界范围内最常见的恶性肿瘤之一。 Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is serious harm to human health, and worldwide is one of the most common malignant tumors. 大量研究表明HBV感染所致肝细胞癌所占的比例约是全球肝细胞癌发生数的75～85％，但HBV导致肝癌的具体发生机制一直未完全阐明[1]。 Large study shows that caused by HBV hepatocellular carcinoma is about the proportion of global hepatocellular carcinoma of the 75 ~ 85% number, but the specific causes liver cancer HBV has not happening mechanism fully understood [1]. 近来研究乙型肝炎病毒基因型，以及各种基因型HBV诱发肝癌的机制已成为当今研究的热点。 Recent research hepatitis b virus genotype, and various genotype HBV induced liver mechanism become a hotspot in current researches. 国内外研究表明，HBV基因型可能与疾病进程、感染后临床表现、预后和抗病毒治疗应答等密切相关。 Research shows that HBV genotypes may and disease process, after infection clinical manifestations, prognosis and antiviral treatment response, and so closely related.

Hepatocellular carcinoma is serious harm to human health, and worldwide is one of the most common malignant tumors. Large study shows that caused by HBV hepatocellular carcinoma is about the proportion of global hepatocellular carcinoma of the 75 ~ 85% number, but the specific causes liver cancer HBV has not happening mechanism fully understood [1]. Recent research hepatitis b virus genotype, and various genotype HBV induced liver mechanism become a hotspot in current researches. Research shows that HBV genotypes may and disease process, after infection clinical manifestations, prognosis and antiviral treatment response, and so closely related. It is generally believed that caused genotype C inflammatory necrosis and fibrosis degree more serious than type B, and C and cirrhosis and HCC involved; The cumulative survival genotype B to significantly higher than C. Recent research shows that HBV mutation rate than other DNA about 10 times higher, HBV gene variants and the disease clinical outcomes related, mutant can cause pathogenic and copy ability increases, change the host immune response and the production of the important table bits of drug resistance to fight the virus. Because HBV different overlapping protein-coding genes, the promoter and enhance the son in such control sequence and within genes encoding, part of a gene mutation will affect many gene expression, thus forming a gene mutation [3] HBV, therefore, the more the comprehensive research of mutation of hepatitis b virus genome and biological significance especially important. In recent years the domestic and overseas scholars about HBV genotypes, variation of association with HCC relationship research done a lot of work, yunnan area in recent years have about HBV genotype distribution, but the reports of research on HBV genotypes, variation of association with HCC relationship research has not been seen reports. This study is to understand the yunnan region chronic HBV infection genotype infection situation, understand variation site testing conditions, the author discusses chronic HBV infection genotypes, common variation sites and hepatocellular carcinoma relationship.

看了看上面都是用工具翻译的，明显不合格，给你手动翻译一下吧，希望有用Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the most common malignant tumor all over the world. It is a serious hazard to human health. A large number of studies have indicated that HBV infection contributes 75-80% of hepatocellular carcinoma in the world. the specific HBV infection has not been well elucidated yet.[1] Recent study hot points focused on hepatitis B virus genotypes and various genotypes of the mechanism of HBV induced liver cancer. The international research shows that HBV genotype may be associated with disease progression after infection clinical presentation, prognosis and treatment response and other anti-virus. It is widely agreed that inflammatory necrosis and fibrosis caused by genotype C is more severe than that caused by genotype B. Genotype C is related to liver cirrhosis and cancer. The cumulative survival rate of genotype B is significantly higher than genotype C. Recent studies showed that, the mutation rate of HBV is about 10 times higher than other DNA. HBV variation is related to clinical mutated HBV can lead to increased pathogenicity and replicationan ability, important token of the host immune response against the epitopes and the generation HIV drug resistance. Because the different gene encodings of HBV are overlapped and the promoter and enhancer regulatory sequences are located within the gene encoding, one part of the gene mutation will affect the expression of multiple genes. Thus the HBV gene mutation is formed [2,3]. Then it is very important to carry on systemic study of hepatitis B virus genome variability and its biological significance. A lot of work has been done on HBV genotype and relationship between mutation position and HCC in recent years. The research on distribution of HBV genotypes has been reported in Yunnan. Nervertheless, the HBV genotype and relationship between mutation position and HCC have not been reported yet. This study aimed on chronic HBV infection in Yunnan genotype infection to understand the detection of variable sites, explore the genotype of chronic HBV infection and the relationship between common variable sites and hepatocellular carcinoma.

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