一）斯嘉丽的家庭对斯嘉丽的性格的影响
1．父亲对斯嘉丽的影响
在家里，思佳和父亲像两个好朋友一样，当父亲看到她跳篱笆时，便当面责备她，但事后不会向她母亲提出。而思佳要是知道父亲打牌输了钱，她也不会告诉母亲。他们两个人有一样的想法，父亲有事不想让妻子知道，女儿有事也不想让母亲知道。他们之间有一种挺正常的父女联盟，不想让爱伦知道了他们做的事而生气和担心。儿童心理发展有一种现象，即到了3岁时开始从自己和母亲的一体关系分裂出来，并且把情感投在父亲身上，甚至要和母亲竞争而独占父亲，称为俄底浦斯情结，又叫恋父情结[2]。应该说，思佳也是有恋父情结的
思佳在父亲身上学到的还有对生活的坚强品格和对黑人仆人的慷慨关心。当父亲死了以后，思佳把父亲的一块珍贵的手表给了一个贴身家奴。而当她在经营木材加工厂时，一个黑人奴隶投奔而来，她首先想到的是要保护他，应该说这些地方受父亲影响很大。同时她继承了自己父亲的坚强。在那个风云突变的乱世，她能在备受创伤和打击之后不留恋以前豪华高雅的生活，而坚强的站起来下地摘棉花。在塔拉红色的土地上她得到了黑色的坚毅，正如她父亲所说的，这个世界上只有土地和日月同在。这股强大的力量加之她固有的爱尔兰血统潜在的反叛思想，使之公开在亚特兰大和北方佬做生意。从文学与人生的审美联系上说，文学对信仰的表现，也是文学对人生的一种永恒的把握的表现，通过信仰的确立，人们可以对世界的未来，人生的未来充满遐想，以饱满的热情和信念实现向必然王国的精神飞跃[3]。而思佳的信仰是坚强，自信，对土地的热爱，一个固执而倔强的信仰，这也受了她父亲的影响。
思佳在家里不怕父亲，正是在父亲面前的有恃无恐的地位养成了她一生中对男人挥来斥去的自信和骄傲，也形成了她一生中与其他女性争夺男人的强烈攻击性。在她的一生中，不仅不顾廉耻的掠夺妹妹的爱人，而且无休止的掠夺属于别人的男人。父亲对她的影响贯穿了她的一生[4]。
2．母亲对她的影响
父母对儿女的爱，首先是本能的驱动，就像其它动物一样。他们会不自觉地把血缘关系神圣化、宗教化，把儿女看作自我的生命的延续，把生子育女看作是人生价值的体现。所以，在理智上、精神层面上，父母的爱是一种自爱，是把儿女当自己——理想化的自己——来爱，这种观点早在穆勒，霍尔巴赫的伦理信念中就得到揭示[5]。母亲是思佳人格成长的重要因素。母亲不仅是一般意义上的贤妻良母，她实际上是思嘉面对的整个道德规范。面对这个可以称之为“女人楷模”的母亲，思嘉丽的态度是十分矛盾的。一方面，她受不了母亲责备的目光，所以，她在母亲面前总是摆出最好的面孔，行动也最规矩。但是无论她散开的长裙多么老实，发型显得多么端庄，小手交叠的多么文静，她的本来面目是藏不住的。
但是母亲对她的教育似乎影响了她的生活，在她看来，所有女人都是敌人，只有她母亲一个例外，在她心里母亲是靠山，只有母亲和老天最可靠，最让人放心。其他人根本无法相比。当瑞德给她东西时，首先想到的是母亲教育她，当别人给自己东西时，首先要给钱的道理。她一方面要尊敬母亲，把她当偶像崇拜，又想揉母亲的头发，并且取笑她，她一方面对母亲的教育反抗，又把母亲当成圣母，这些复杂性影响着她性格的多重性，同时形成了她独特的叛逆性格。
艾西礼曾告诉她：“像我们这样不同的两个人，只有爱情是不够的，你需要的是一个男人的全部，包括他的躯体，感情和灵魂。如果你没有得到，你以后会后悔的。你会恨我读的书和欣赏的音乐，因为它们把我从你身边拉走。”但思佳还是爱着艾西礼，并且认为艾西礼也爱着她。为了艾西礼，她冒着生命危险照顾媚兰，她在塔拉干粗活，不想让艾西礼干。后来还给艾西礼钱花。但她对瑞德的所有深情一无所知，甚至在瑞德的怀里还想着艾西礼。后来她才意识到她一直爱的不是艾西礼，而是自己虚构的东西，并把它套在了艾西礼的身上。斯佳丽一直在寻找的避难处，那个安全而又温暖的地方，这个地方就是瑞德。因为瑞德有坚实的臂膀可以把她抱在怀里，让她对事情有清醒的头脑。但是她一直都没有意识到，尽管他对她冷嘲热讽，他还是爱着她。直到瑞德走了以后，她才意识到，一直都爱着瑞德。只是一直那么傻，不知道。所以说，她缺乏对自己内心的了解。
小说中反复出现思佳丽做的一个恶梦：世界上没有一个人可以依赖，有一个可怕的东西在追她，她就不停的跑啊跑啊，跑的心都快炸了。一边跑，一边喊，模模糊糊的想在周围的雾里找一个地方躲起来。这个恶梦贯穿了思佳丽战后的生活。弗洛伊德认为：“梦一定是有某种意义的，即使那是一种晦涩的隐意用以取代某种思想的过程”。[6]在这个梦里，充分地展示了思佳丽内心思想活动，揭示了她一切行为的动机。思佳丽在梦境中处于一片迷雾中，看不清方向，这象征着思佳丽思想上的混乱。思佳丽没有了一个具体的价值标准，她就对在她身边发生的一切感到迷惑不解，感到害怕。投射在梦中，就是浓浓的雾，让她什么都看不清楚。思佳丽感觉雾中有可怕的东西在追逐她，这个可怕的东西象征了思佳丽战争中与战争后的那一段艰苦生活，是饥饿、贫困和死亡的威胁。她的奔走逃避，其实也就是一种强烈的求生欲望的表现，暗示着思佳丽为了生活下去而做出努力的过程。她在现实生活中白手起家，从废墟中重建塔拉庄园，经营弗兰克的店铺，再盘接下木材厂，拼命赚钱的力量，就是对饥饿与死亡的恐惧感，对生存的渴求，一种强烈的求生欲望。但她的行为并未使内心获得真正的安宁，内心依然恐惧，因此在梦中，她总是一直奔跑，始终没有找到安全的地方。通过思佳丽的梦，可见她一切行为往往是源于内心欲望的驱动。她是凭着直觉与本能做事的人。在梦中，她内心真实的一面坦露了出来，她是害怕的，恐惧的，与现实中表现出来的凶悍、残暴、固执形成鲜明对比，使思佳丽这一形象的复杂矛盾体现得更加真切。
The American South is a geographical entity, a historical fact, a place in the imagination, and the homeland of an array of Americans who consider themselves southerners. The region is often shrouded in romance and myth, but its realities are as intriguing, as intricate, as its legends.
The Encyclopedia of Southern Culture is "the first attempt ever" notes U.S. News & World Report, "to describe every aspect of a region's life and thought, the impact of its history and policies, its music and literature, its manners and myths, even the iced tea that washes down its catfish and cornbread."
There are many Souths, many southerners. The region's fundamental uniqueness, in fact, lies in its peculiar combination of cultural traits, a somewhat curious, often elusive blend created by blacks and whites who have lived together for more than 300 years. In telling their stories, the Encyclopedia of Southern Culture ranges from grand historical themes to the whimsical; from the arts and high culture (William Faulkner and Leontyne Price) to folk culture (quilts, banjos, and grits) to popular culture (Gilley's and Gone With the Wind).
The Encyclopedia's definition of the South is a cultural one: the South is found wherever southern culture is found. Although the focus is on the eleven states of the former Confederacy, this volume also encompasses southern outposts in midwestern and middle-Atlantic border states, even the southern pockets of Chicago, Detroit, and Bakersfield.
To foster a deeper understanding of the South's cultural patterns, the editors have organized this reference book around twenty-four thematic sections, including history,religion, folklore, language, art and architecture, recreation, politics, the mythic South, urbanization, literature, music, violence, law, and media. The life experiences of southerners are discussed in sections on black life, ethnic life, and women's life. Throughout, the broad goal is to identify the forces that have supported either the reality or the illusion of the southern way of life—people, places, ideas, institutions, events, symbols, rituals, and values.
The Encyclopedia of Southern Culture was developed by the Center for the Study of Southern Culture at the University of Mississippi. Contributors to the volume include historians, literary critics, sociologists, anthropologists, geographers, linguists, theologians, folklorists, architects, ecologists, lawyers, university presidents, newspaper reporters, magazine writers, and novelists.
Gone with the Wind, written by Margaret Mitchell, is a story that reflects the changes that swept the American South in the 1860s. It is set against the Old South, the American Civil War, and the Reconstruction period in the defeated Southern states after it. As a result of the Civil War the South changed completely. Mitchell gives vivid descriptions of the transformations of the Old Southern culture; the Southern sons and daughters determination to overcome the adversities in order to survive; as well as, the importance of land. The novel opens in pre-war Georgia where tradition, loyalty, and pride thrives. Clear rules of society govern the dress, actions, and speech of ladies and gentlemen, and the punishment for transgressions, especially those of a sexual nature, are severe. In the Old South plantations are dependent upon slave labor; young ladies are expected to obey Southern high society rules of refined manners; and young gentlemen are expected to raise good cotton, ride well, shoot straight, dance lightly, and carry one's liquor like a gentleman "The Old Southern culture was based on a man's world. The man owned the property, and the woman managed it. The man took the credit for
She symbolizes both the Old and New South. Bonnie dies tragically at the age of four when she is thrown from her pony. Rhett, on the other hand, opportunistic and sensible, symbolizes the New South. White men fear black men; Southerners hate profiteering, and overbearing Northerners, and poor aristocrats resent the newly rich. Ashley has been trained for nothing but the life of a gentleman plantation owner. First, he leaves Scarlett in hostile territory and joins the Confederate army. Scarlett struggles through the hardships of the Civil War and Reconstruction. She often perceives to see no other choices than the ones she has made. He can't farm, and he proves to be useless as Scarlett's mill manager. Women ignored the lapses of speech and put the drunkards to bed. Rhett who became an opportunistic blockade-runner during the war, emerges as one of the richest Southern men in Atlanta after the war. Later, under threat of starvation and even death, she is determined to survive and does so by picking cotton, running her entire plantation, forging a successful business, and murders a Yankee thief. In addition, it reveals the importance of land.
英语毕业论文之英美文学研究论文（共54篇2008年5月30日更新）
1.海丝特与卡米拉爱情观的对比分析
A Comparative Analysis of the Attitudes Towards Love Between Hester and Camilla
2.解读《简.爱》的帝国主义意识
On the Imperialistic Consciousness of Jane Eyre
3.像鲁滨逊一样在逆境中创造精彩
The Creation of Splendor in Adversity like Robinson Crusoe
4.《三国演义》对诸葛亮和《教父》对考利昂的描述对比
A Comparison Between the Depiction of Zhuge Liang in The Romance of the Three Kingdoms and Corleone in The Godfather
5.论《美国悲剧》中萝贝塔的悲剧性
The Tragedy of Roberta in American Tragedy
6.从《鲁滨逊漂流记》看人的性格对命运的决定作用
The Decisive Effect of Character on Fate From Robinson Crusoe
7.《哈姆雷特》戏剧中的悲剧因素
The Tragedy Aspects in Hamlet
8.从电影《美丽人生》看完美男人形象
About the Perfect Man Viewed from the Movie Life Is Beautiful
9.从《宠儿》透视美国黑人女性的悲剧与成长
The Tragedy and Growth of the Black Women Embodied in Beloved
10.从《哈利波特》看儿童的成长
Harry Potter and the Growth of Children
11.苔丝的反叛精神
The Rebellion of Tess
12.一位坚强独立的女性简爱
A Tough and Independent Woman
13.《德伯家的苔丝》悲剧成因探析
Causes of Tragedy of Tess of the D’Urbervilles
15.浅析苔丝之死
The Death of Tess
16.《老人与海》象征主义探究
The Inquiry of the Symbolism in The Old Man and the Sea
17.论《白象似的群山》中海明威独特的写作风格
Hemingway’s Unique Writing Style in Hills like White Elephants
18.浅析爱默生的《论自助》人生自主的源泉
On Emerson’s Self-reliance —The Source of Life’s Reliance
19.盖茨比美国梦的幻灭—透视现实生活中的爱情
The Disillusionment for Gatsby American Dream Analysis of Love in Reality
20.从《西风颂》看英国积极浪漫主义的特征
Analyzing the Features of British Positive Romanticism from the Poem of Ode to the West Wind
21.我看简爱的爱情
An Analysis of the Concept of Jane Eyre’s Love
22.谈如何理解海明威《一个干净明亮的地方》
On Hemingway’s Short Story A Clean, and Well-Lighted Place
23.从《简爱》看知识改变女性命运
Knowledge Changes Female’s Fate Through Jane Eyre
24.从《红字》和《荆棘鸟》看宗教禁欲主义下的爱情
The Love under Asceticism in The ScarletLetter and The Thorn Birds
25.解读《皆大欢喜》中的浪漫主义
An Analysis of Romanticism in As You Like it
26.基于作品人物浅析菲茨杰拉德
Elementary Analysis on Fitzgerald Based on the Characters of The Great Gatsby
27.《老人与海》的悲剧色彩:对完美主义的质疑
The Tragic Color of The Old Man and the Sea:Challenge to the Perfectionism
28.分析简爱的美
An Analysis of the Beauty in JaneEyre
29.论《红字》中的孤独因素
On the Aspects of Loneliness in The Scarlet Letter
30.从《喧哗与骚动》中凯蒂的悲剧看20世纪初女性的社会地位
Social Status of Women in the Early 20th Century Reflected from Caddys Tragedy in The Sound and the Fury
31.论福斯塔夫的性格
The Character of Falstaff
32.斯佳丽：旧时代的新女性
Scarlett：A “New”Woman in the “Old” Time
33.美国社会的葛朗台现象
Grandet Phenomenon in America
34.透过《飘》看现代女性对待生活的态度
Analysis of modern females attitudes toward life through Gone with the Wind
35.从迷茫的玛尔特的悲剧看女性存在的社会价值
An Analysis of the Social Value of Womens Existence from the Tragedy of Confused Mathlide
36.从伊丽莎白一世的婚姻看现代爱情观
About the Notion of Modern Love from ElizabethⅠs Love Experience
37.《倾城之恋》与《飘》的女性主义解读
Feminism in Love in a Fallen City and Gone With the Wind
38.《简?爱》的浪漫主义解读
Romanticism in Jane Eyre
39.从《鲁宾逊漂流记》看创新精神和知足长乐
The Spirit of Innovation and Satisfaction－The Thought of The Life and Surprising Adventures of Robinson Crusoe
40.从《变形记》透视家庭环境对塑造儿童健康心理的影响
The Family Influence on Molding Childrens Healthy Psychology Through The Metamorphosis
41.论《傲慢与偏见》中的爱情观和婚姻观
Analysis on Love and Marriage in Pride and Prejudice
42.从劳伦斯及其作品《儿子与情人》看恋母情结
Mother Fixation in D.H.Lawrence and His Work Sons and Lovers
43.论雪莱的自由之路
Analysis of Shelley's Freedom Road
44.《威尼斯商人》中的人物形象分析
An Analysis of the Characters in the Merchant of Venice
45.论盖茨比悲剧的必然性
On Inevitability of Gatsby’s Tragedy
46.从《喜福会》透视中美文化冲突与融合
The Cultural Conflicts and Blending Embodied in the Joy Luck Club
47.《乱世佳人》对21世纪女性的启示
Enlightenment for Women of 21st Century from Gone with the Wind
48.《喜福会》中母爱主题的文化阐释
A Cultural Interpretation of Maternal Love in the Joy Luck Club
49.试析《老人与海》的悲喜色彩
An Analysis of the Combination of Tragic and Delightful Facets in The Old Man and the Sea
50.解析《长腿叔叔》少女茱蒂 成长的日志
A Girl’s Growing- up Story in Daddy-Long-Legs
51.莎士比亚的悲剧世界的分析
An Analysis of Shakespeare’s Tragedy World
52.《鲁滨逊漂流记》中殖民文化对殖民地文化影响解读
53.On the Women’s Status Seen in Pride and Prejudice
54.Mother Fixation in D.H.Lawrence and His Work Sons and Lovers
