发布时间：
译文：abstract
英［＇æbstrækt］
释义：
adj.纯理论的；抽象的；抽象派的
n.摘要；抽象；抽象的概念；抽象派艺术作品
v.摘要；提取；抽象化；退出；转移；使心不在焉
［复数：abstracts；第三人称单数：abstracts；现在分词：abstracting；过去式：abstracted；过去分词：abstracted；比较级：more abstract；最高级：most abstract］
短语：
abstract algebra［数］抽象代数；近世代数；［数］抽象代数学；代数结构
扩展资料：
词语辨析：summary，abstract，digest，outline，resume
这些名词均含“摘要、概要、概括”之意。
1、summary普通用词，指将书籍或文章等的内容，用寥寥数语作简明扼要的说明。
2、abstract指论文、书籍等正文前的内容摘要，尤指学术论文或法律文件的研究提要。
3、digest侧重对原文融汇贯通，重新谋篇布局，以简明扼要的语言，简短篇幅成文，展现原作精华。
4、outline指配以释议文字的提纲。
5、resume源于洁语，与summary极相近，通常可互换使用。
摘要用英文表达为digest或是abstract，读音为[daɪˈdʒest,dɪˈdʒest]，[ˈæbstrækt]。
重点词汇解释：
1、digest
vt. 消化；吸收；融会贯通
vi. 消化
n. 文摘；摘要
双语例句：
He read rapidly but did not digest anything.
他读得很快，但什么也没领会到。
2、abstract
adj. 纯理论的；抽象的；抽象派的
n. 摘要；抽象；抽象的概念；抽象派艺术作品
v. 摘要；提取；抽象化；退出；转移；使心不在焉
双语例句：
His abstracts are held in numerous collections.
他的抽象画被纳入到很多收藏中。
扩展资料：
abstract的用法：
abstract 的基本意思是抽象的，观念上的，理论的，可与个别情况相对，也可与具体经验相对。多指品质或特征，而不指物体或事实。有时意味着脱离现实，而且缺乏对实际事物的专门实用性，引申可作难懂的，过于深奥的意思。abstract用于艺术作品时可指抽象派的。
abstract作抽象的，抽象派的意思时不用于比较等级，作难懂的，过于深奥的意思时可用于比较等级。
abstract用作名词时其意思有以下几点：一是抽象概念；二是抽象派艺术作品，如抽象画，抽象雕塑，抽象设计等；三是文献等的摘要，概要，梗概，多指学术或法律方面比较艰深或复杂的文字摘要。
abstract常用于短语in the abstract中，意思是就一般而言，抽象地，在理论上，abstract前的定冠词the不可遗漏。
论文英语摘要的翻译如下：
English Abstract of Thesis。
英语的重要性如下：
1、扩宽学生的视野和思考能力。学习英语要从小开始，学生在学习英语的过程中，能够了解外国的语言文化，在和他人交流的过程中，自己也会了解如何应用英语才更加顺畅，学习英语是一件有必要的事情。
2、提高学生的语言技能，为自己增添了一项语言能力。对于不怎么喜欢交流的学生来讲，学习英语可以让自己处于独立的空间，一些事情的处理都会围绕自己能力去展开，这样不仅仅提高自己的语言技能，才为自己添加了一项语言能力。
3、提高学生的社交能力，方便学生寻找工作。现在进入社会的学生，想要寻找较为适合的工作，就要具备各种能力，英语就是一种，不过，学生要明白，在学校学习的英语需要经过长时间交流，才能成为生活中应用的英语。
无论从个人发展还是国情需要，都要求我们现在要学好英语，有良好的英语文化才可以让你在以后的发展中如虎添翼。英语的应用无处不在，我们已经身处一个改革开放的新时代，掌握好英语才能让你在改革浪潮中披荆斩棘勇往直前，努力学习英语吧！
毕业论文摘要翻译，用什么翻译软件都不是很推荐，因为翻译软件虽然翻译速度快，方便，但是使用翻译软件也有缺点，就是有时候将句子结构进行调换或增减词语的，换个结构翻译出来的句子就不一样，增加或减个词语，翻译出来的句子也会不同的，有时甚至会相差很大。
大学论文是高校本科应届毕业生的一项独立总结性的作业。毕业论文作为高校的一个教学环节，同时也是对学生学业绩效考核和评定的重要方式。其目的在于让学生能够总结自己在校期间的学习成果，培养自身的综合创造能力和解决发杂问题的技能，建议找人工翻译比较靠谱。
如果你有论文摘要翻译需求可以选择毕业在线网 人工摘要翻译入口
【 abstract 】 the emergence of new media and development for the development of the press plays a big role, both provides technical support for traditional media, and for the source of news and information, the spread of news, news report way, such as diversity and richness has opened up a broader , in the context of the new media have appeared in the media and its practitioners ethics problems: news reports untrue, lack of humanistic spirit, journalists too subjective intervention, this paper in the first half of 2015 a few quite controversial events in media ethics as an example, the integrated use of case research method of content analysis and comparative analysis, summarized the context of the new media ethics problems in the media, trying to explore the context of the current new media causes and countermeasures of these problems.【 key words 】 the new media;Journalism ethics;News ethics;Professional ethics;Responsibility consciousness
In the modern human resources management,salary administration is very important is the important factor and motive power of sustainable development for the whole state-owned businesses to build scientific and reasonable salary system and give full play to the effect of the encourage and restrain of salary system .Firstly, this article researches the current situation of the turn technology raising questions and analysing them meticulously according to the questionable survey and data collection we think that it is unreasonable for the Salary structure design and difficult for the act of check-up system and flat for the satisfaction of the combine the correlation theory of salary administration with the physical truth and reseach job evaluation,improving salary structure,performance appraisal construction and flexible last,we summarize auxiliary operation management measures and methods of implement performance appraisal and elastic welfare design salary structure performance assessment
写论文摘要时以一般现在时为主。
介绍背景知识时，要用一般现在时，例如：
Speech recognition is the task of converting speech into text.
叙述研究现状时，也可以用一般现在时，例如：
This essay is to analyse how the era influences corporate cultures, and to give suggestions on the building of corporate cultures.
叙述研究结果时，大多数用一般过去时，例如：
Our text achieved the possibility above.
论文摘要体现了论文的关键核心内容，是论文翻译的重要内容。在翻译科技论文时，我们可以适当地使用被动语态，使整个文章更加客观。被动语态的表达方式可以扩大句子的信息量，突出相关的概念。同时，要注意论文涉及的关键词翻译要准确、经得起推敲。
正规的英文我记得是应该没有逗号的，逗号加上去是我们方便看的，外国人不加这些标点的，一般用"."这个符号，如果你写英文作文的话可以没有空格，老师应该不会严格而且无聊到去追究你有没有加空格word里要加，我还以为你写呢
参考文献，图表等要用半角逗号，摘要及正文部分用全角逗号。
论文英文摘要字体格式
论文英文摘要字体格式规范是怎么样的，大家是否有了解过呢?下面是我为大家收集的关于论文英文摘要字体格式，欢迎大家阅读!
英文摘要及关键词
英文摘要及关键词在前，中文摘要及关键词在后，单倍行距，顶格，五号字。 英文摘要及关键词：字体采用Times New Roman,标示语 “Abstract”、“Key words”及冒号加粗。
英文摘要一般为60-90英文单词，内容应包括论文研究目的、研究方法、研究结论及论文结构等。中文摘要及关键词应与英文摘要及关键词相对应。
关键词是表述论文主要内容和信息的.词语或术语，关键词数量一般为3-5个。
关键词之间须用逗号隔开，最后一个关键词后不用标点符号。摘要和关键词中出现英文书名用斜体，出现中文书名加书名号
(空1行)
××××××××××××××××(小4号楷体-GB2312,倍行距)×××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××。
(要求200字) (空2行)
关键词 傲慢与偏见×××，伊丽莎白×××，×××，×××(小4号楷体-GB2312)
说明：
1、“关键词” 为小4号加粗。
2、关键词的个数为3~8个。关键词的排序，通常应按研究的对象、性质(问题)和采取的手段排序，而不应任意排列。
3、“关键词”后面不加冒号，关键词与关键词之间用全角逗号(，)隔开，最后一个关键词后不加任何标点符号
……无语了 ！你写的啥论文啊？英文的就用英文逗号，中文的就用中文逗号，是个人都懂，楼主会不懂吗？？？求告知！
Abstract:In summing up the previous research papers on the basis of information through data collection, data analysis, a formation backstripping law (Backstrippingmethod) of the study area seven representative profile for the basin restoration of buried history, on the basis of this structure in the area Evolution for analysis. By analyzing a number of seismic profiles, described Tg7-Tg of the earthquake sequence and the reflection characteristics of geological significance, on various floors of the formation of the distribution. Layered described Cambrian - the Triassic formation, with the period of tectonic events on the sedimentary layers and structural features several important period of formation is not integrated interface, and Tajikistan low uplift tectonic evolution into paleouplift a period ( As early as the late Ordovician), paleouplift stereotypes period (late Ordovician late), the uplift of ancient period (Silurian Period to the Devonian), partial adjustment period (late Hercynian) in four phases. At the same time period the main structural style was analyzed. Papers further study of the work area and tectonic evolution of the relationship between oil and gas accumulation, Ordovician oil and gas exploration in the Tarim Basin is the main purpose of layers. Research shows that: the main source Depression, the Tarim Basin in the Cambrian an Ordovician, the first distribution of the reservoir basin structural framework and system control oil and gas, followed by the source-portfolio, integrated fault and not control. Ⅰ fracture in the tower of the study area of oil and gas accumulation effect Obviously, the fault is the major oil and gas migration channels.
Human resource plays the pivotal role in social economy development increasingly. 5P model is regarded as a very important model in human resource management, while it delivers the huge purpose and instant effect. But we have to realize that the application of 5P needs to one environment that cooperation of every department and plan the relevant policies, therefore enterprises utilize 5P model depending on practical situation. This anticle tries to realize the huge effect of 5P model very well through both discussing the content of 5P model and 洛北春酒业集团`s suessful experience.
是翻成英文吗 Civil service system is the embodiment of the management system of personnel administration regularity, is promoting the modern government and the development of administrative system of anization design, it is perfect with innovation, related to the government administration quality and efficiency improvement. China in 1993 adopted the national civil service system, began to enter the modern government personnel management track. But overall, pared with foreign countries, the civil service system of our country is still relatively primitive, theoretical research is still relatively weak, and there are many aspects need reform and innovation. Therefore, the reform of the civil service system in China has bee an important task. This paper will be based on the civil service system on the basis of theoretical study, through to the Chinese and foreign civil servants system recorded in the annealing preferred, incentive coordination, the protection mechani *** of the three major aspects of the public servant system at home and abroad, to reveal the similarities and differences, to draw lessons from foreign civil servant system beneficial experience to perfect our civil servant system design. 我只把你摘要的发来了
Abstract The core petitiveness of enterprises is the basis of the sustainable development of enterprise and the source of petitive advatages. As a growth point of China's national economy, Real Estate directly affects the national economic development and the people's livelihood. Therefore, the construction of real estate enterprises'core petitive ability should be paid profound attention. Depending on a bination of core petence theory, this paper is in view of the status quo of the estate enterprise'core petitive ability in China,then bines the author's opinion under the help of the related books,documents and the teacher, and finally turn out the means of the construction of enterprises'core petitive ability . Keywords The Core Competiveness of Enterprises Brand Strategy Enterpise Culture
Urban vulnerable groups is in the interests of the economic system transformation relative damage, marginalized groups, with social transformation, economic restructuring and social factors such as industrial restructuring, urban vulnerable groups is being increasingly prominent, and has affected our economy development and social equity. Based on the situation of vulnerable groups of urban studies, that the size of the vulnerable groups in recent years in increasing the survival of the city status of vulnerable groups have not been effective improvement, therefore, an urgent need for government-led, to establish and improve various policies and mechani *** s to protect the basic rights of vulnerable groups in order to achieve the goal of building a well.
Along with continuous development of market economy and intensive structural reform of publish industry, financial management play a more and more important role on the development and management of publishing enterprise. Publishing enterprises must change their concepts and pay attention to financial management, building and insisting on the sense of innovation and human-oriented financial management, actively exploring and building a sound financial management system which is adaptive to market economic management system and operation mechani *** . Publishing enterprises must try a variety of ways and means to resolve the outstanding issues in financial management, making effort to improve the qualities of financial workers, strengthening the informational construction of financial management, realizing continuous innovation on financial centralized management and aounts receivable management, so as to promote the publishing industry develop in a healthy and good direction.
Abstract: The woman known as half of the sky in an era of growing concern in the feminist context, hold up half the sky in other men - their pressure, their difficulties, their sad, seems to have been used to And even taken for granted. But Chili as one of the representatives of women writers, she works in many men have expressed the concern of this group. Loss of life, questions of love, of self-worth of confusion, as the mon challenge facing the hero. Thus, character. environment. the fate of one man without the image of the intersection in question to the reality: our way is, Where is tomorrow? 摘要还必须包括关键词的。
英文摘要可以用百度翻译，然后复制上去，目录设定很简单，在word或者wps里面有目录设定，选中目录点选那个目录设定可以来设定是一级目录还是二级目录的。
[Abstract] In the 1980s and 1990s last century, the economy developed at a high speed with the sacrifice of damaging the environments which caused serious environmental problems and social problems. Gov and society began to think about it, therefore in the process of production and manufacturing, enterprises should take the corporate social responsibility (CSR). With the improvement of social system, many enterprises have realized the problem of social responsibility. More and more enterprises find that it is not contradicted beeen achieving the individual economic goal and fulfilling the social goal. To enhance the consciousness and initiative of fulfilling the social responsibility, enterprises should fulfill the social responsibility to convey related information to the society. It plays a key role to develop the social responsibility and social responsibility investments because it can better bring in the public opinion pressure and Gov supervision. High moral standards aord with the enterprises’ long-term benefit which will help gain reputation and trust in the daily operation and long-term cooperation. Enterprises can really catch the advantage of taking the social responsibility, the policy and regulation that push the enterprises to fulfill the social responsibility so that to find appropriate conduct system. Key Words: Corporate Social Responsibility, corporate obligation, significance of social responsibility, harmonious society
This thesis presents a detailed *** ysis of the current situation of the private enterprises of Chaoshan, gave emphasized *** ysis on both the advantage of its development and problems lied in, and found out the advantages as well as limitations of the district of Chaoshan. On the basis of this, this thesis also studied on the New Wenzhou Mode, while in the meantime proposed advices on the future development of private enterprises of Chaoshan district in view of strategy.
Abstract: Human resources are strategic resources for the modern enterprise ①, enterprise development is the most critical factor, and incentives are an important part of human resources, it is a psychological term referring to stimulate the mental processes of human behavior. In essence, is to promote the object of some kind of managed organization to achieve goals beneficial to the specific motives and in accordance with the way organizations need to make organizations more quickly and better goals. In today's world, into almost all the managers are seeking to work and the best way to achieve the best efficiency. The manager, by definition, is work with people and play a guiding role. To do this, how to mobilize staff and workers, to enable them to organizational goals and services, has become an urgent need to address each and every manager one of the issues. According to studies by psychologists, human motivation is associated with the need, is motivated by the people themselves to promote the. As for the motive, it is a way to provide spiritual strength, vitality and power, and the ability to guide behavior to achieve the objective state of mind. It is precisely because this state of human behavior can play a stimulating, promoting and strengthening the role. This also can be good or bad use of incentive mechanisms to some extent determine the success of enterprise is a very important : incentive mechanism an important factor in determining human resource management role
毕业论文中英文摘要的主要内容
转眼间大学生活即将结束，大学毕业前都要通过最后的毕业论文，毕业论文是一种比较重要的检验学生学习成果的形式，那么你有了解过毕业论文吗？以下是我为大家收集的毕业论文中英文摘要的主要内容，希望能够帮助到大家。
1.摘要的作用
摘要也就是内容提要，是论文中不可缺少的一部分。论文摘要是一篇具有独立性的短文，有其特别的地方。它是建立在对论文进行总结的基础之上，用简单、明确、易懂、精辟的语言对全文内容加以概括，留主干去枝叶，提取论文的主要信息。作者的观点、论文的主要内容、研究成果、独到的见解，这些都应该在摘要中体现出来。好的摘要便于索引与查找，易于收录到大型资料库中并为他人提供信息。因此摘要在资料交流方面承担着至关重要的作用。
2.书写摘要的基本规范和原则
(1)论文摘要分为中文摘要和外文(一般为英文)摘要。摘要在篇幅方面的限定，不同的学校和机构有不同的要求，通常中文摘要不超过300字，英文摘要不超过250个实词，中英文摘要应一致。毕业论文摘要可适当增加篇幅。
(2)多向指导教师请教，并根据提供的意见及时修改，以期达到更高水平。
(3)摘要是完整的短文，具有独立性，可以单独使用。即使不看论文全文的内容，仍然可以理解论文的主要内容、作者的新观点和想法、课题所要实现的目的、采取的方法、研究的结果与结论。
(4)叙述完整，突出逻辑性，短文结构要合理。
(5)要求文字简明扼要，不容赘言，提取重要内容，不含前言、背景等细节部分，去掉旧结论、原始数据，不加评论和注释。采用直接表述的方法，删除不必要的文学修饰。摘要中不应包括作者将来的计划以及与此课题无关的内容，做到用最少的文字提供最大的信息量。
(6)摘要中不使用特殊字符，也不使用图表和化学结构式，以及由特殊字符组成的数学表达式，不列举例证。
3.摘要的四要素
目的、方法、结果和结论称为摘要的四要素。
(1)目的：指出研究的范围、目的、重要性、任务和前提条件，不是主题的简单重复。
(2)方法：简述课题的工作流程，研究了哪些主要内容，在这个过程中都做了哪些工作，包括对象、原理、条件、程序、手段等。
(3)结果：陈述研究之后重要的新发现、新成果及价值，包括通过调研、实验、观察取得的数据和结果，并剖析其不理想的局限部分。
(4)结论：通过对这个课题的研究所得出的重要结论，包括从中取得证实的正确观点，进行分析研究，比较预测其在实际生活中运用的意义，理论与实际相结合的价值。
4.撰写步骤
摘要作为一种特殊的陈述性短文，书写的步骤也与普通类型的文章有所不同。摘要的写作时间通常在论文的完成之后，但也可以采用提早写的方式，然后再边写论文边修改摘要。首先，从摘要的四要素出发，通读论文全文，仔细将文中的重要内容一一列出，特别是每段的主题句和论文结尾的归纳总结，保留梗概与精华部分，提取用于编写摘要的关键信息。然后，看这些信息能否完全、准确的回答摘要的四要素所涉及的问题，并要求语句精炼。若不足以回答这些问题，则重新阅读论文，摘录相应的内容进行补充。最后，将这些零散信息，组成符合语法规则和逻辑规则的完整句子，再进一步组成通畅的短文，通读此短文，反复修改，达到摘要的要求。
5.关于英文摘要
(1)英文摘要的写作方法要依据公认的写作规范。
(2)尽量使用简单句，避免句型单调，表达要求准确完整。
(3)正确使用冠词。
(4)使用标准英语书写，避免使用口语，应使用易于理解的常用词，不用生僻词汇。
(5)作者所做工作用过去时，结论用现在时。
(6)多使用主动语态。
6.关键词
关键词是为了文献标引工作从报告、论文中选出来用以表示全文主题内容信息目的单词术语。每篇报告、论文选取3~8个词作为关键词，以显着的字符另起一行，排在摘要的左方。如有可能，尽量用《汉语主题词表》等词表提供的'规范词。为了国际交流，应标注与中文对应的英文关键词。
关键词是主题词中的一类。主题词是一种新型检索词汇，多用于计算机网络检索。
关键词分为中文关键词和与之对应的英文关键词，分别置于中文摘要和英文摘要之下。为便于他人的检索，不能使用过于宽泛的词语。选择关键词既可以从论文的各级标题入手，也可以从论文本身的内容选取，将选出的关键词按照所涉及领域的范围从大到小顺序列出。
【论文摘要格式】
论文摘要是文章的内容不加诠释和评论的简短陈述。为了国际交流，还应有外文(多用英文)摘要。摘要是在文章全文完成之后提炼出来的，具有短、精、完整三大特点。摘要应具有独立性的自含性、即不阅读原文的全文.就能获得必要的信息。摘要中有数据、有结论、是一篇完整的短文.可以独立使用，也可以引用，还可以用于工艺推广。其内容应该包含与报告论文同等量的主要信息.以供读者确定有无必要阅读原论文全文，也可提供给文摘第二次文献采用。摘要一般应说明研究工作目的、实验方法、结果和最终结论等.而重点是结果和结论。中文摘要一般不宜超过300字，外文摘要不宜超过250个实词。除了实在迫不得已，摘要中不用图、表、化学结构式、非公知公用的符号和术语。摘要可用另页置于题名页(页上无正文)之前，学术论文的摘要一般置于题名和作者之后，论文正文之前。
论文摘要又称概要、内容提要。摘要是以提供文献内容梗概为目的，不加评论和补充解释，简明、确切地记述文献重要内容的短文。其基本要素包括研究目的、方法、结果和结论。具体地讲就是研究工作的主要对象和范围，采用的手段和方法，得出的结果和重要的结论，有时也包括具有情报价值的其它重要的信息。摘要应具有独立性和自明性，并且拥有与文献同等量的主要信息，即不阅读全文，就能获得必要的信息。摘要不容赘言,故需逐字推敲。内容必须完整、具体、使人一目了然。英文摘要虽以中文摘要为基础,但要考虑到不能阅读中文的读者的需求,实质性的内容不能遗漏。为此,我国的科技期刊近年来陆续采用结构式摘要,明确写出目的、方法、结果和结论四部分。
a.目的(Objective):简明指出此项工作的目的,研究的范围。
b.方法(Methods):简要说明研究课题的基本做法,包括对象(分组及每组例数、对照例数或动物只数等)、材料和方法(包括所用药品剂量,重复次数等)。统计方法特殊者需注明。
c.结果(Results):简要列出主要结果(需注明单位)、数据、统计学意义(P值)等,并说明其价值和局限性。
d.结论(Conclusion):简要说明从该项研究结果取得的正确观点、理论意义或实用价值、推广前景。
中、英文摘要前需标明中、英文文题，作者姓名(至多3名)及作者单位(邮政编码)。英文摘要应隔行打字,以便修改。
【论文摘要范文】
【论文题目】
机动车尾气污染防治对策与城市交通改善研究
【中文摘要】
本论文通过分析机动车尾气污染产生的原因，论述了采取多种防治对策以旨在减少机动车的尾气污染排放，同时对城市交通改善问题进行了深入的研究。本文首先论述了我国由于机动车尾气排放造成的城市大气污染的严重形势。论述了机动车尾气污染的产生原因。通过总结国内外机动车污染控制的发展历程、经验及教训，作者从两方面重点论述了控制机动车尾气污染的途径。其一是从机动车本身入手，在机动车生产、检验、维护保养以及采用新技术等方面对机动车加以改造，力争从尾气排放污染源加以控制;其次，作者根据我国交通的具体状况，详细分析了城市交通改善与机动车尾气排放的关系，根据翔实的数据：说明了在我国交通拥堵是造成机动车尾气污染的最主要原因。在科学交通管理的原则指导下，作者详细论述了科学交通管理的卞要措施，特别分析了对路口的交通控制策略的仿真优化过程，通过仿真结果表明，对路口的交通控制策略的优化将对尾气排放产生非常重大的影响，可以显著地减少污染排放总量。因此作者认为，科学交通管理是控制城市机动车尾气污染排放的根本出路。
问题一：什么样的论文需要写英文摘要 是否要写英文摘要，要看论文发表的杂志级别。一般说来，国家级的、省级的、市级的专业杂志发表的论文都需要英文摘要。只不过，市级以下级别的杂志有些混乱，原因是有些杂志为了抬高地位或是其他原因，故意而为。所以，要不要英文摘要，还要以杂志编辑部要求为准。大学生毕业生的毕业论文，则依据学院的要求。 问题二：请问大家，论文的英文摘要应该放在论文的哪个部分？ 如果你写的是中文论文并附有英文摘要的话，应该是将英文摘要附在论文的最后。最直接的办法是找到你论文要发表的杂志，看看杂志上的格式是否是这样。 问题三：毕业论文英文摘要去哪儿可以查到 基本都是自己写的摘要通过翻译直接就是英文摘要，摘要不作为复查比项目，可以放心措辞。特殊专业的英文摘要一般师兄会给，自己要找的话，学校内部网有国外论文资料。 问题四：毕业论文中英文摘要必须在同一页上吗？ 看要求了。如果没有明确亥要求，先中文摘要、关键词，再英文摘要、关键词，按正常的往下排即可，不用管放在哪一页。 如果有要求，就要分页了。 问题五：论文中文摘要和英文摘要是在同一页上还是分开在两页上？ 大部分的英文论文都不是在一页上的，中文摘要在前，英文摘要在结尾 问题六：论文摘要如何翻译成英文 在2010版的word内就有这个功能。（选中要翻译的文字，点击鼠标右键弹出任务栏中就有“翻译”选项，点击“翻译”，选择英文翻译，再把光标置于要插入文本点点击插入就ok啦。另外还可以下载翻译小工具，直接进行翻译就搞定了。我帮你翻： The relationship between accounting regulation and tax law issues is a plex issue, market-oriented工economic development in the course of the difference between the two will gradually have an adverse impact on economic development, how to better deal with the differences between the two has bee China's economy reform process of the outstanding issues.。Differences in accounting standards and tax laws, and in the accounting and property tax measures taken by the different accounting and tax law, the authenticity of the principle of different, accounting sound principle and tax payments to determine the difference in accounting importance of the principles and tax legal principle and the accounting and tax 。differences on the substance over form understanding and implementation differen。Differences between accounting and tax accounting exist mainly due to the legislative goals and purposes of various tax, corporate accounting must adhere to the accrual basis, the enterprise must consider the International Accounting Standards, and economic globalization. Tax laws should be based on the provisions of this tax adjustmentces. 问题七：论文自动生成目录中英文摘要变成大写怎么都弄不成小写怎么办 论文自动生成目录中英文摘要本来就应该是大写 问题八：论文英文摘要是中文摘要的翻译版吗？ 大多是互译的，也可以得不一样，但中心要是一样的，毕竟论文是一份。所以表达的意思是一个。当然不一定要一次一句的翻译。。。 问题九：发表论文要不要写英文摘要 一般来说，要求不严的省级刊物可以不要求中文摘要关键词、参考文献 要求严格的省级刊物，都要求这些内容必备埂国家级刊物，要求不严格的，可以只有中文摘要和参考文献，不需要英文摘要和关键词 要求严格的国家级刊物，要求中英文摘要和关键词、参考文献 核心刊物，基本上全都要求具备这些资料，不需要的很少。