威尼斯商人的论文的文献英文

Merchant of Venice 《威尼斯商人》 by William Shakespeare OverviewAntonio, a Venetian merchant, complains to his friends of a melancholy that he cannot explain. His friend Bassanio is desperately in need of money to court Portia, a wealthy heiress who lives in the city of Belmont. Bassanio asks Antonio for a loan in order to travel in style to Portia’s estate. Antonio agrees, but is unable to make the loan himself because his own money is all invested in a number of trade ships that are still at sea. Antonio suggests that Bassanio secure the loan from one of the city’s moneylenders and name Antonio as the loan’s guarantor. In Belmont, Portia expresses sadness over the terms of her father’s will, which stipulates that she must marry the man who correctly chooses one of three caskets. None of Portia’s current suitors are to her liking, and she and her lady-in-waiting, Nerissa, fondly remember a visit paid some time before by Bassanio. In Venice, Antonio and Bassanio approach Shylock, a Jewish moneylender, for a loan. Shylock nurses a long-standing grudge against Antonio, who has made a habit of berating Shylock and other Jews for their usury, the practice of loaning money at exorbitant rates of interest, and who undermines their business by offering interest-free loans. Although Antonio refuses to apologize for his behavior, Shylock acts agreeably and offers to lend Bassanio three thousand ducats with no interest. Shylock adds, however, that should the loan go unpaid, Shylock will be entitled to a pound of Antonio’s own flesh. Despite Bassanio’s warnings, Antonio agrees. In Shylock’s own household, his servant Lancelot decides to leave Shylock’s service to work for Bassanio, and Shylock’s daughter Jessica schemes to elope with Antonio’s friend Lorenzo. That night, the streets of Venice fill up with revelers, and Jessica escapes with Lorenzo by dressing as his page. After a night of celebration, Bassanio and his friend Graziano leave for Belmont, where Bassanio intends to win Portia’s Belmont, Portia welcomes the prince of Morocco, who has come in an attempt to choose the right casket to marry her. The prince studies the inscriptions on the three caskets and chooses the gold one, which proves to be an incorrect choice. In Venice, Shylock is furious to find that his daughter has run away, but rejoices in the fact that Antonio’s ships are rumored to have been wrecked and that he will soon be able to claim his debt. In Belmont, the prince of Aragon also visits Portia. He, too, studies the caskets carefully, but he picks the silver one, which is also incorrect. Bassanio arrives at Portia’s estate, and they declare their love for one another. Despite Portia’s request that he wait before choosing, Bassanio immediately picks the correct casket, which is made of lead. He and Portia rejoice, and Graziano confesses that he has fallen in love with Nerissa. The couples decide on a double wedding. Portia gives Bassanio a ring as a token of love, and makes him swear that under no circumstances will he part with it. They are joined, unexpectedly, by Lorenzo and Jessica. The celebration, however, is cut short by the news that Antonio has indeed lost his ships, and that he has forfeited his bond to Shylock. Bassanio and Graziano immediately travel to Venice to try and save Antonio’s life. After they leave, Portia tells Nerissa that they will go to Venice disguised as ignores the many pleas to spare Antonio’s life, and a trial is called to decide the matter. The duke of Venice, who presides over the trial, announces that he has sent for a legal expert, who turns out to be Portia disguised as a young man of law. Portia asks Shylock to show mercy, but he remains inflexible and insists the pound of flesh is rightfully his. Bassanio offers Shylock twice the money due him, but Shylock insists on collecting the bond as it is written. Portia examines the contract and, finding it legally binding, declares that Shylock is entitled to the merchant’s flesh. Shylock ecstatically praises her wisdom, but as he is on the verge of collecting his due, Portia reminds him that he must do so without causing Antonio to bleed, as the contract does not entitle him to any blood. Trapped by this logic, Shylock hastily agrees to take Bassanio’s money instead, but Portia insists that Shylock take his bond as written, or nothing at all. Portia informs Shylock that he is guilty of conspiring against the life of a Venetian citizen, which means he must turn over half of his property to the state and the other half to Antonio. The duke spares Shylock’s life and takes a fine instead of Shylock’s property. Antonio also forgoes his half of Shylock’s wealth on two conditions: first, Shylock must convert to Christianity, and second, he must will the entirety of his estate to Lorenzo and Jessica upon his death. Shylock agrees and takes his , who does not see through Portia’s disguise, showers the young law clerk with thanks, and is eventually pressured into giving Portia the ring with which he promised never to part. Graziano gives Nerissa, who is disguised as Portia’s clerk, his ring. The two women return to Belmont, where they find Lorenzo and Jessica declaring their love to each other under the moonlight. When Bassanio and Graziano arrive the next day, their wives accuse them of faithlessly giving their rings to other women. Before the deception goes too far, however, Portia reveals that she was, in fact, the law clerk, and both she and Nerissa reconcile with their husbands. Lorenzo and Jessica are pleased to learn of their inheritance from Shylock, and the joyful news arrives that Antonio’s ships have in fact made it back safely. The group celebrates its good fortune.~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~英文版 中文版

这是应楼主的要求翻译的上庭的那段～人名没有翻～～实在是记不得了～～聪明的鲍西亚和夏洛克经过一翻辩论之后，夏洛克终于放弃了杀安东尼奥．最终还落得一半财产交公，另一半给安东尼奥．可是善良的安东尼奥没有要，而是要求在他临死的时候把财产留给他女儿和女婿。AftercleverAhavinghadafiercedebatewithB,BfinallygaveuptokillC,withhalfofhispropertyhanduptothenation,.

Set in the lavish era of 16th century Venice, Shakespeare's most powerful play comes to bear in Michael Radford's THE MERCHANT OF VENICE, which follows the interlocking lives of a captivating assortment of classic Shakespearean (Joseph Fiennes) is the typical Elizabethan lover and aristocrat �young, impulsive and romantic �whose lavish lifestyle has left him deep in debt and desperately in love with the fair Portia (Lynn Collins) of Belmont. But to win her hand, he must prove his worth. To prove his worth, he must not only raise money he doesn't have, but he must also correctly solve the riddle of matrimony bequeathed by Portia's late to call Portia his bride, Bassanio employs the support of his dear friend Antonio (Jeremy Irons), a successful merchant residing in Venice. But with no word from his trading fleet, Antonio is short of resources and must use his credit for a loan. This loan comes in the form of Shylock (Al Pacino), a Jewish loan shark who, like all his people, is forced to live in "ghettoes" and has limited access to the , all is not as it appears between Antonio and Shylock. Antonio has publicly denounced Shylock and other Jews for their practice of usury (loaning money at exorbitant rates of interest), and consistently hurts their business by offering loans with no interest. This set of circumstances, along with the persecution of Jews at the time, has made Shylock spiteful towards Antonio, who jumps at the chance to have the merchant in his , this time Shylock decides to offer his loan at no interest; instead, he demands a pound of flesh from Antonio if his loan is not repaid on time. Confident that Bassanio will return his good fortune three times over, Antonio agrees to the unusual Bassanio travels to Belmont with Gratiano (Kris Marshall) to woo his beloved, other events threaten to ruin his quest before it is fulfilled. Portia, in the company of her lady-in-waiting Nerissa (Heather Goldenhersh), has already been welcoming potential suitors, who at any time could solve the mystery of her father's will which states that she must marry the man who correctly chooses one of three Antonio's trade ships fail to produce any profit for the merchant. And, Shylock's daughter Jessica (Zuleikha Robinson) impulsively elopes with Bassanio's friend Lorenzo (Charlie Cox); in the process, she escapes with a fair amount of her father's personal wealth. This shatters Shylock to the core and causes him to focus all his energy on the repayment of the debt, almost taking out a lifetime of discrimination on the hearing of his friend's set of circumstances, Bassanio leaves Belmont and rushes home to find a solution to Antonio's predicament. But before Bassanio can arrive home, the loan is declared in default and the distraught and semi-deranged Shylock demands his pound of flesh from Antonio in order to fully seek his Duke (Anton Rodgers), the reigning power in the city, has called a legal expert to the court to proceed over these extraordinary hearings �is Antonio truly in default on his loan? Is the payment that Shylock is asking for justified? Can Bassanio return in time to save Antonio? In true Shakespearean fashion, all is not as it seems in a story wrought with morality, revenge, redemption and 英文原版中文版

简介：Antonio, a merchant of Venice, was a generous rich merchant, which was contrary to Shylock's usury policy.

Antonio's good friend Bassanio asked him to borrow 3000 gold coins because he wanted to propose to Portia, a beautiful girl who inherited a fortune in Belmont.

Antonio had no money left around him. He had to borrow 3000 gold coins from Shylock with his merchant ship that had not returned to Hong Kong as collateral.

Shylock hated Antonio because Antonio lent money without interest, affected the usury industry and insulted himself. He took the opportunity of signing the loan contract to set up a trap and wait for revenge.

威尼斯商人安东尼奥是个宽厚为怀的富商，与另外一位犹太人夏洛克的高利贷政策恰恰相反。

安东尼奥的一位好朋友巴萨尼奥因要向贝尔蒙特的一位继承了万贯家财的美丽女郎鲍西娅求婚，而向他告贷三千块金币，而安东尼奥身边已无余钱，只有向夏洛克以他那尚未回港的商船为抵押品，借三千块金币。

夏洛克因为安东尼奥借钱给人不要利息，影响高利贷行业，又侮辱过自己，所以仇恨安东尼奥，乘签订借款契约之机设下圈套，伺机报复。

《威尼斯商人》英文简介:Maurice, Sami, Simon, Elie and Edouard are still unknown actors despite their late thirties. But one day, Grinchenberg, the famous American director, comes to Paris looking for the lead role in his Yiddish adaptation of the Merchant of Venice. Maurice gets the part! It is the major breakthrough he has been waiting for. He rushes home to proudly announce the big news to his wife Perla. But Perla also has news for him: she is very ill. Unfortunately, the part eventually goes to a famous American star. Maurice doesn't have the heart to tell Perla, so with his friends' help, he will go all the way to make his wife believe that he still has the part, and will end up playing the role of his life to protect her

估计你和我一样是要写英文的吧。那首先就是要组织好语言了。然后要注意文献综述格式，它分为：1.引言：包括撰写文献综述的原因、意义、文献的范围、正文的标题及基本内容提要；2.正文：是文献综述的主要内容，包括历史 (寻求研究问题的发展历程)、基本内容 (寻求认识的进步)， 研究方法的分析(寻求研究方法的借鉴)，所要表达的问题，重点、详尽地阐述对当前社会或对你有哪些的影响及发展趋势，这样不但可以使别人看到你的研究方向，而且便于别了解这个课题研究的起点和切入点，是在他人研究的基础上有所创新；3.结论：概括指出自己对该课题的研究意见，存在的不同意见和有待解决的问题等；4.附录：列出参考文献，说明文献综述所依据的资料，增加综述的可信度，便于读者进一步检索。所以你在写的时候千万不要对已有文献重复、罗列和只进行一般性介绍，而应是对以往研究的优点、不足和贡献的批判性分析与评论。文献综述应包括综合提炼和分析评论双重含义。首先你看你对《威尼斯商人》中的夏洛克是怎么看的，对他的性格特点进行分析。然后再结合别人对他的评论述说一些自己独到的见解，对这个人物进行综合分析。建议去看《威尼斯商人》的原版英文影片，或去看莎翁的原版英文书。对写作大有帮助。因为字数可能要很多。但格式不变。还可以通过夏洛克这个莎翁笔下的犹太人的形象入手分析。比如说现在已经很少有人说到犹太人会想到莎翁笔下的夏洛克的形象了。大多数的人都会觉得犹太人是生意场上的能手，是很聪明的人。并不会将其作为反向的意思。所以你可以利用人物在现代和从前的不同的人对犹太人的评价的观念来作论述。这样字数就多了，也更生动了。 答案补充 然后就是可以分析一下Portia这个女人英雄式的角色了。就是她又作为妻子，又要冒险假扮成判官的形象。你要看你是怎么想的。对她怎么看的，这个人物如果分析起来是可以比Shylock写的字数还要多的。正好这是两个一正一反的角色形象。所以也为你的文献综述提供了很好的材料。加油。会写得很不错的。