发布时间：
editsprings据说都是国外有经验的教授科研人员，个人之前的论文就是在那里翻译的。
学位论文由于大多不公开出版，所以无法像其他刊物书籍一样通过商业渠道购买；而且印刷数量极为有限，难以收集完整。目前，按照通常的做法，学位论文多保存在该作者毕业的大学图书馆及国家图书馆中。
因此要获得博硕士论文的全文仍以向各大学图书馆借阅或馆际合作文献传递为主，部分学校或数据库系统厂商亦提供电子学位论文免费或付费下载。
馆内无法取得所需论文时，该怎么办？ 可亲自至国家图书馆或研究生毕业学校查阅。 透过「全国文献传递服务系统」申请借阅或复印，部分学校之论文复本均提供借阅，可先透过该校馆藏目录查询是否提供外借。
数据库
CETD中文硕博士论文数据库 （Airiti Library华艺线上图书馆）： 独家收录台湾大学(2004年起)与香港大学(1990年起)的学位论文，已收录41所学校书目及全文，书目194,000多笔、全文123,000多笔，全文授权率74%，是台湾全文率最高的学位论文数据库。
PQDT ProQuest Dissertations & Theses（PQDT Open）北美地区博硕士论文，可以查询 1861 年起之北美地区 240 万篇博硕士论文摘要，主题涵盖理、工、医、农及人文社会等各类学科，且可免费浏览 1997 年后已数字化之论文的前 24 页。
中国硕士博士学位论文（中国知网）：中国博硕士论文全文数据库(China Doctor/Master Dissertation Full-text Database) 数据库（全文/索摘）， 是目前中国大陆相关资源最完备、收录质量最高、更新最实时的中国博硕士学位论文全文数据库。收录超过中国大陆350所重点学校的博硕士论文。
跨库检索平台
Google Scholar。Google学术搜索是一个可以免费搜索学术文章的Google网络应用。谷歌学术是多库综合搜索，省去了EI和SCI等几个检索工具来回折腾的麻烦，甚至可以通过时间限制，找到领域最新进展。
1.国家哲学社会科学学术期刊数据库（国家哲学社会科学学术期刊数据库）
是由全国哲学社会科学规划领导小组批准建设，中国社会科学院承建的国家级、开放型、公益性的哲学社会科学信息平台，收录精品学术期刊数百种，论文数百万篇，并提供人性化、多样化的功能服务。
2. 芬兰电子学科博士论文
芬兰电子学科博士论文：包括在线浏览、取得全文。
3. The universityof Nottingham
诺丁汉大学的论文数据库。含131篇免费硕博论文，涵盖医学、艺术、教育、法学、工学等学科。
Digital Theses Program
澳洲数字论文计划，由澳洲大学图书馆员协会发起。包含澳洲40余所大学的15440篇硕博论文，涵盖各个学科。
5. ThePennsylvania State University
宾夕法尼亚州大学电子论文库，包含1848篇全文，涵盖材料学、教育学、工学、法学、医学、航空、经济、化工、建筑等各个学科。可在线免费获取。
6. NorthCarolina State University
北卡罗来纳州州立大学的3937篇免费博硕论文，涵盖了化学、物理学、电子电气、核能、机械、材料、食品、林业、土壤等各学科
of Pretoria
比勒陀利亚大学的电子学位论文，含3000多篇电子博硕论文，涵盖社会学、食品、建筑、经济、信息、生化、教育、管理、心理学、法学等学科
ETDOhioLINK（OhioLibrary and Information Network）是美国俄亥俄(Ohio)州大学和学院图书馆共同组建的一个覆盖全州的大型图书文献信息网络，也是世界最著名的地区电子文献资源共享网络。连接全州74所大学和学院图书馆，实现存储各馆资源，实施按合作协议采购、联机编目，开展网上图书流通服务，实行馆际互借，共同开发馆藏资源和利用网上电子文献资源，进行情报检索服务。?在OhioLINK ETD中，有两个学位论文资源检索入口：①OhioLINK中心的资源截至2006年10月，OhioLINK ETD数据库有OhioLINK成员单位的学位论文记录10,342条。②全球在线学位论文数据库这个数据库集成了世界范围内基于因特网的主要电子学位论文记录。这些记录中，有一部分提供了在线免费学位论文全文，一部分提供了全文的链接。共有记录170,060条(2006年10月)，是全球最大的免费学位论文数据库。
Canada
该网站提供了一个加拿大学位论文信息查询的集中入口。在此网站上可免费检索AMICUS的学位论文及相关信息。AMICUS为全加拿大公共书目信息检索系统，其学位论文库建立于1965年，收录加拿大1300多个图书馆的学位论文信息。另外还可免费检索和获得加拿大1998年至2002年出版的部分论文信息
10. DeepBlue
美国密西根大学论文库2万多篇期刊论文、技术报告、评论等文献全文。包含艺术学、生物学、社会科学、资源环境学等学科的相关论文，另还有博硕士论文。标识为OPEN的可以打开全文。
11. 台湾国立政治大学博硕士论文全文影像系统
政大图书馆于2001年规画建置政大博硕士论文影像系统，九十一学年度第二学期第一教务会议决议通过，建立本校学位论文电子缴交制度，期具体展现政大人的智慧结晶，提供全校师生便捷的博硕士论文检索及全文下载服务，并透过网际网路及馆际合作服务，提供国内外各学术单位检索及影像调阅服务，达到资源共享学术交流的目标
12. 台湾中山大学学位论文全文系统
13. 台湾世新大学博硕士论文全文系统
14. 台湾成功大学数字论文全文系统
15. 台湾大学电子学位论文
电子学位论文服务
16.北卡罗来州立大学学位论文
North Carolina State University - Electronic Thesesand Diss。
17. 西维吉尼亚大学学位论文
West Virginia University Electronic Theses andDissertations。
18. NDLTD学位论文数据库
NDLTD(Networked Digital Library of Theses andDissertations,简称NDLTD)，是由美国国家自然科学基金支持的一个网上学位论文共建共享项目，为用户提供免费的学位论文文摘，还有部分可获取的免费学位论文全文（根据作者的要求，NDLTD文摘数据库链接到的部分全文分为无限制下载，有限制下载，不能下载几种方式），以便加速研究生研究成果的利用。目前全球有200多家图书馆、7个图书馆联盟、20多个专业研究所加入了NDLTD，其中20多所成员已提供学位论文文摘数据库7万条，可以链接到的论文全文大约有3万篇。为方便我国用户访问，我国CALIS文献中心引进了部分NDLTD资源。
19. 全球学位论文引擎
为了促进知识传播和研究生教育，1987年在美国密歇根(Michigan)州安阿伯(Ann Arbor)会议UMI的会议上，首次提出了ETD的概念。狭义的ETD(Electronic Theses and Dissertations 简称ETD )是数字化学位论文，1991年开始，弗吉尼亚技术学院试行学位论文电子化；此后，ETD在全球逐步发展。弗吉尼亚科技大学作为EDT开创者，目前为网络用户提供了博硕论文8873篇（2006年10月统计），此外，该网站为全球EDT的门户网页，集成了全球主要ETD的链接。可获取部分免费全文。
20. 香港大学论文库
The Hong Kong University Theses Collection（HKUTO）收录了1941年以来的15,606篇港大授予的硕士和博士论文，包含艺术，人文，教育以及社会科学，医学和自然科学各学科。其中的大部分论文都是和香港有关的研究。该数据库的论文主要为英文论文，部分为中英双语，部分为只用中文写成。HKUTO几乎囊括了港大的所有论文，目前有13,670篇(2008年3月1日访问数据)是电子全文。用户可以按照论文题目、作者检索，也可按照学位、学科检索。
市面上论文翻译的机构很多，但我可以很明确的告诉你，十家机构九家不靠谱。学术堂提供了四个论文翻译工具，功能强大实用：
1、掌桥科研翻译工具
介绍：掌桥科研翻译工具，是掌桥科研一站式产研服务平台上的一个论文翻译工具，对于论文翻译较为专业，且保留原文格式。它涵盖了机械机电、信息产业、医药卫生、水利水电、农林牧渔、石油化工、建筑建材、轻工食品、服装纺织、法律、金融、交通运输、冶金矿产、专业服务、安全防护、环保绿化、旅游休闲、办公文教、电子电工、玩具礼品、家具用品、体育等25个行业领域的专业名词和术语。
2、句酷在线翻译
介绍：句酷是由北京邮电大学2004年创立，该网站是双语例句翻译引擎，也就是用搜索解决翻译的概念，解决在用英语表达时通常遇到两个问题： ①说（写）出来的英语对不对？②说（写）出来的英语是否符合外国人的习惯？
3、 SCI
介绍：涵盖了临床各科、基础医学、分子生物学、药物、器械和中医中药等领域的最新词汇；其中SCI双语论文例句40万，医学单语例句60万。
4、翻译助手
介绍：CNKI翻译助手是一款专业的学术翻译工具，汇集了从CNKI系列数据库中挖掘的大量常用词汇、专业术语、成语俚语及双语例句等，形成海量中英在线词典和双语平行语料库。数据实时更新，内容涵盖自然科学和社会科学的各个领域。
在知网上查外国文献，前提是必须知道文献的名字。知道文献的名字然后搜索关键词即可。另：如何在中国知网搜索外文文献：
1、先搜索到“中国知网”主页；
2、如果您是“中国知网”的用户则先在其主页登录，否则不允许下载全文；
3、在“中国知网”的“工具栏”中选择CNKI知识搜索；
4、进入到CNKI知识搜索的主页，在“全文文献”中输入要检索的英文关键字；搜索就可以。
拓展资料：
知网，是国家知识基础设施的概念，由世界银行于1998年提出。CNKI工程是以实现全社会知识资源传播共享与增值利用为目标的信息化建设项目。由清华大学、清华同方发起，始建于1999年6月。
知网，是国家知识基础设施（National Knowledge Infrastructure，NKI）的概念，由世界银行于1998年提出。CNKI工程是以实现全社会知识资源传播共享与增值利用为目标的信息化建设项目，由清华大学、清华同方发起，始建于1999年6月。
在党和国家领导以及教育部、中宣部、科技部、新闻出版总署、国家版权局、国家发改委的大力支持下，在全国学术界、教育界、出版界、图书情报界等社会各界的密切配合和清华大学的直接领导下，CNKI工程集团经过多年努力，采用自主开发并具有国际领先水平的数字图书馆技术，建成了世界上全文信息量规模最大的"CNKI数字图书馆"。
参考资料：中国知网_百度百科
怎么在知网查外文文献 给你个链接吧 scholarki/ 怎么用中国知网找外文文献 知网上能下载的外文文献主要是期刊数据库中的国内出版的英文版期刊和会议数据库中的英文会议论文。还有其他合作的外文数据库springer、Taylor&Francis，你可以在中文的检索环境下去检索外文，这点对初学者比较适合，但是只能看到题录摘要。假如对外文文献要求较高、较全，建议你还是根据学科去选择专业的外文数据库查询会比较好。 如何在中国知网上面查找外文文献，比较急 知网外文文献多数不能下载，建议找到收录此外文文献的国外数据库，然后通过巖研图书馆进行下载中国知网上的外文文献怎么下载，或者从哪里能查到下载到外文文献呢 在上面的网站找，一般的谷歌学术足以解决。 用CNKI检索期刊文献，怎么查中文文献的英文标题？ CNKI收录的期刊论文，其中大半有英文标题。前些年CNKI平台上的文章简介有英文标题、英文作者名、英文摘要等字段，但后来不知道为何没有了。有一个小经验供你参考：在检索时，增加一个题名字段，输入你要的课题中的一个英文词汇，即可排除没有英文题名的文章，检出的文章全部带有英文题名。 知网可以搜索英文文献吗 用谷歌，给你个谷歌搜英文论文的网址 如何查找英文文献 When she wants to stretch out her.
1.首先，如果您是大学生，在学校的校网内，则可以以自己学校的身份，登陆知网，如果不是学生，那么则需要知网账号，才可以下载文档。
登陆进中国知网后，点击“外文文献”，并在输入框里输入你想要查找的文献，按下“搜索”按钮后，出现以下，可以根据简介，却确定你要的是那一篇，这里，我根据日期，选择了第一篇。
2.点击第二篇的标题，你将进入详细页，在这里，发现文章资源在计算机类英文文献的集成数据库系统中，点击DBLP。
3.您将会看到文章列表中，含有你想要的这篇文章标题，将鼠标悬停到类似“记事本”样的图标上，点击“electronic edition via DOI”
4.接着您就看到，该文章在数据库系统中的更详细信息了，点击“Download PDF”，则可以实现文章浏览了。
5.进入文章浏览页后，鼠标悬浮到右下角，会出现，这几组图标，点击其中类似“翻译”的图标，即可实现文章的翻译。
在知网上查外国文献，前提是必须知道文献的名字。知道文献的名字然后搜索关键词即可。另：如何在中国知网搜索外文文献：1、先搜索到“中国知网”主页；
2、如果您是“中国知网”的用户则先在其主页登录，否则不允许下载全文；
3、在“中国知网”的“工具栏”中选择CNKI知识搜索；
4、进入到CNKI知识搜索的主页，在“全文文献”中输入要检索的英文关键字；搜索就可以
扩展资料
知网，是国家知识基础设施的概念，由世界银行于1998年提出。CNKI工程是以实现全社会知识资源传播共享与增值利用为目标的信息化建设项目。由清华大学、清华同方发起，始建于1999年6月。
你要先注册一个知网账号才可以在知网查文献，而且一般除了学生用学校账号登陆知网免费外，大部分人在知网查文献都是要钱的，在一些公司或者单位的学者或者员工他们可能是有公司或者单位提供的账号的，这个我们就不清楚了。此外，学生在校外要用知网账号也是要和学校方进行申请的。进了知网后，你可以点击高级搜索，然后把你想查询的主题关键字输入关键字框框里，或者把作者名称输入作者框里，最上面一行还可以选择文献类型，比如说硕博论文，或者是期刊文献之类的，你还可以限制一些发表年份，限制一下中英文，最后点击搜索，结果就出来了。
首先，知网上的外文文献，目前免费提供的都是预览模式，也就是说，你只能预览三分之一左右的摘要，一些SCI你可以预览二分之一的摘要，或者只能预览作者所参考的相似参考文献。其次，要想在知网上看外文资料，目前除了学校校内开放免费系统的，其他的只能付费观看，我觉得你看不了的原因也可能是需要付费。最后，要看保密情况，有的是机密文件，是不能阅读的，但是如果 你有教师登录系统是可以看得。假设你想要看一些外文文献，建议你去学校校内知网系统看，一般学校的图书馆内的电脑是开放的，假设你们学校电脑不开放，你可以去看看百度学术，搜一下这个文章看看有没有，如果还没有的话，只能选择付费购买相关的文献了，国内的外文资料一直都不好搜索，一个是因为国外版权意识非常重，轻易不会泄露文章，另一个是图书馆的购买权限不一定够，有的学校只是为了检测，所以未必购买这个系统。如果英文系有认识的同学，建议去咨询下他们下载的途径，也许会又不一样的收获哦！
可以去中国知网进行查询，以下是查询方法。
工具:华硕电脑
1、电脑浏览器百度搜索相关信息，直接选择中国知网进入。
2、这个时候在搜索栏中输入相关的主题，并点击搜索。
3、下一步找到需要下载的对象，如果没问题就确定跳转。
4、这样看到对应的内容，即可查外文文献了。
知网查询英文文献的方法
1、首先打开知网，找到检索框后面的高级检索，如图所示。
2、进入高级检索后，点击“旧版”，进入旧版界面，查询更加方便。如图所示。
3、进入旧版界面后，再次从右侧找到“高级检索”功能，如图所示。
4、在高级检索界面中输入检索条件，然后点击右下角的“检索”，如图所示。
5、检索后，在检索结果中找到右上方的“外文文献”按钮，点击切换成外文文献，如图所示。
6、之后，就可以筛选出检索结果中的外文文献，其中即可找到英文文献，如图所示。
Ｂｂｃ news
英语是国际经济、技术、信息等交流中应用最广泛的语言，下面就是我给大家整理的英文小 文章 ，希望大家喜欢。英文小文章：爱如鲜花盛开 I was nine when my father first sent me flowers. I had been taking tapdancing(踢踏舞) lessons for six months, and the school was giving its yearly recital. As an excited member of the beginners' chorus line, I was aware of my lowly status. So it was a surprise to have my name called out at the end of the show along with the lead dancers and to find my arms full of long-stemmed red roses. I can still feel myself standing on that stage, blushing furiously and gazing over the footlights to see my father's grin as he applauded loudly. Those roses were the first in a series of large bouquets(花束，宴会) that accompanied all the milestones in my life. They brought a sense of embarrassment. I enjoyed them, but was flustered by the extravagance. Not my father. He did everything in a big way. If you sent him to the bakery for a cake, he came back with three. Once, when Mother told him I needed a new party dress, he brought home a dozen. His behavior often left us without funds for other more important things. After the dress incident, there was no money for the winter coat I really needed--or the new ice skates I wanted. Sometimes I would be angry with him, but not for long. Inevitably he would buy me something to make up with me. The gift was so apparently an offering of love he could not verbalize that I would throw my arms around him and kiss him--an act that undoubtedly perpetuated(保持) his behavior. Then came my 16th birthday. It was not a happy occasion. I was fat and had no boyfriend. And my well-meaning parents furthered my misery by giving me a party. As I entered the dining room, there on the table next to my cake was a huge bouquet of flowers, bigger than any before. I wanted to hide. Now everyone would think my father had sent flowers because I had no boyfriend to do it. Sweet 16, and I felt like crying. I probably would have, but my best friend, Phyllis, whispered, "Boy, you're lucky to have a father like that. As the years passed, other occasions--birthdays, recitals(朗诵), awards, graduations--were marked with Dad's flowers. My emotions continued to seesaw between pleasure and embarrassment. When I graduated from college, though, my days of ambivalence(矛盾情绪) were over. I was embarking on a new career and was engaged to be married. Dad's flowers symbolized his pride, and my triumph. They evoked only great pleasure. Now there were bright-orange mums for Thanksgiving and a huge pink poinsettia at Christmas. White lilies at Easter, and velvety red roses for birthdays. Seasonal flowers in mixed bouquets celebrated the births of my children and the move to our first house. As my fortunes grew, my father's waned, but his gifts of flowers continued until he died of a heart attack a few months before his 70th birthday. Without embarrassment, I covered his coffin with the largest, reddest roses I could find. Often in the dozen years since, I felt an urge to go out and buy a big bouquet to fill the living room, but I never did. Often in the dozen years since, I felt an urge to go out and buy a big bouquet to fill the living room, but I never did. I knew it would not be the same. Then one birthday, the doorbell rang. I was feeling blue because I was alone. My husband was playing golf, and my two daughters were away. My 13-year-old son, Matt, had run out earlier with a "see you later," never mentioning my birthday. So I was surprised to see his large frame at the door. "Forgot my key," he said, shrugging. "Forgot your birthday too. Well, I hope you like flowers, Mum." He pulled a bunch of daisies from behind his back. "Oh, Matt," I cried, hugging him hard. "I love flowers!" 英文小文章：适应力的 故事 Don't worry if you have problems! Which is easy to say until you are in the midst of a really big one, I know. But the only people I am aware of who don't have troubles are gathered in little neighborhoods. Most communities have at least one. We call them cemeteries(墓地). If you're breathing, you have difficulties. It's the way of life. And believe it or not, most of your problems may actually be good for you! Let me explain. Maybe you have seen the Great Barrier Reef, stretching some 1,800 miles from New Guinea to Australia. Tour guides regularly take visitors to view the reef. On one tour, the guide was asked an interesting question. "I notice that the lagoon(环礁湖) side of the reef looks pale and lifeless, while the ocean side is vibrant and colorful," a traveler observed. "Why is this?" The guide gave an interesting answer: "The coral around the lagoon side is in still water, with no challenge for its survival. It dies early. The coral on the ocean side is constantly being tested by wind, waves, storms -- surges of power. It has to fight for survival every day of its life. As it is challenged and tested, it changes and adapts. It grows healthy. It grows strong. And it reproduces." Then he added this telling note: "That's the way it is with every living organism." That's how it is with people. Challenged and tested, we come alive! Like coral pounded by the sea, we grow. Physical demands can cause us to grow stronger. Mental and emotional stress can produce tough-mindedness and resiliency. Spiritual testing can produce strength of character and faithfulness. So, you have problems -- no problem! Just tell yourself, "Here I grow again " 英文小文章：放弃是一种美丽 One of tests used by a company to enroll fresh blood helps you know whether you stand the trial from yourself. In a stormy night, you drive your car through a stop where three people are waiting for a bus: a dying and poor old man, a doctor who is your benefactor(恩人) because he saved your life so that you are eager to render back, and a woman or a man who is your dreamgirl or your dreamboy and likely dissapears from your life once you miss the chance. Unfortunately, there is just room for one person in your car. Which one would you pick up? Then give your reasons. Think it over before looking at the following text. I have no idea whether it is a characteristic test, because every answer has its reason. The dying old man should be first helped,however, his final destination is death. It's reasonable for you to pick up the doctor first--your benefactor and is a good chance to reciprocate(报答，互换) what he did for you. Meanwhile, some people think it available to render the doctor back in someday in future. And if you miss the chance, you will never meet such an attractive person. Only one of two hundred people was hired. He wrote his answer without providing his reason: "Give the key of my car to the doctor, and let him take the old man to the hospital. But I wait in the stop for the bus with my dreamboat(梦中人，爱人) together." Every acquaintance of mine regarded it as the best answer but nobody (including me) realized it at first. It is caused by our idea of not giving up the advantage (the car key) we have had? Sometimes, if we abandon some of our parochialism(狭隘), advantages, and intransigence(不妥协), we can get more.
英语作为一门国际通用语,在21世纪已经向着多元化、多功能化的方向发展。下面就是我给大家整理的短小的英语 文章 ，希望大家喜欢。短小的英语文章：The art of living What is it like to be old in the United States? What will our own lives be like when we are old? Americans find it difficult to think about old age until they are propelled into the midst of it by their own aging and that of relatives and friends. Aging is the neglected stepchild of the human life cycle. Though we have begun to examine the socially taboo subjects of dying and death, we have leaped over that long period of time preceding death known as old age. In truth, it is easier to manage the problems of death than the problem of living as an old person. Death is a dramatic, one-time crisis while old age is a day-by-day and year-by-year confrontation with powerful external forces, a bittersweet coming to terms with one's own personality and one's life. Old age is neither inherently miserable nor inherently sublime-like every stage of life it has problems, joys, fears and potentials. The process of aging and eventual death must ultimately be accepted as the natural progression of the life cycle, the old completing their prescribed life spans and making way for the young. Much that is unique in old age in fact derives from the reality of aging and the imminence of death. The old must clarify and find use for what they have attained in a lifetime of learning and adapting they must conserve strength and resources where necessary and adjust creatively to those changes and losses that occur as part of the aging experience. The elderly have the potential for qualities of human reflection and observation which can only come from having lived an entire life span. There is a lifetime accumulation of personality and experience which is available to be used and enjoyed. But what are an individual's chances for a "good" old age in America, with satisfying final years and a dignified death? Unfortunately , none too good. For many elderly Americans old age is a tragedy, a period of quiet despair, deprivation , desolation and muted rage. This can be a consequence of the kind of life a person has led in younger years and the problems in his or her relationships with others. There are also inevitable personal and physical losses to be sustained, some of which can become overwhelming and unbearable. All of this is the individual factor, the existential element. But old age is frequently a tragedy even when the early years have been fulfilling and people seemingly have everything going for them. Herein lies what I consider to be the genuine tragedy of old age in America -- we have shaped a society which is extremely harsh to live in when one is old. The tragedy of old age is not the fact that each of us must grow old and die but that the process of doing so has been made unnecessarily and at times excruciatingly painful, humiliating, debilitating and isolating through insensitivity, ignorance and poverty. The potentials for satisfactions and even triumphs in late life are real and vastly under explored. For the most part the elderly struggle to exist in an inhospitable world. 短小的英语文章：The lowest animal Man is the only animal that robs his helpless fellow of his country-takes possession of it and drives him out of it or destroys him. Man has done this in all the ages. There is not an acre of ground on the globe that is in possession of its rightful owner, or that has not been taken away from owner after owner, cycle after cycle, by force and bloodshed. Man is the only Slave. And he is the only animal who enslaves. He has always been a slave in one form or another, and has always held other slaves in bondage under him in one way or another. In our day he is always some man's slave for wages, and does the man's work; and this slave has other slaves under him for minor wages, and they do his work. The higher animals are the only ones who exclusively do their own work and provide their own living. Man is the only Patriot. He sets himself apart in his own country, under his own flag, and sneers at the other nations, and keeps multitudinous uniformed assassins on hand at heavy expense to grab slices of other people's countries, and keep them from grabbing slices of his. And in the intervals between campaigns he washes the blood off his hands and works for "the universal brotherhood of man"-with his mouth. Man is the Religious Animal. He is the only Religious Animal. He is the only animal that has the True Religion-several of them. He is the only animal that loves his neighbor as himself, and cuts his throat if his theology isn't straight. He has made a graveyard of the globe in trying his honest best to smooth his brother's path to happiness and heaven. He was at it in the time of Caesars, he was at it in Mahomet's time, he was at it in the time of the Inquisition, he was at it in France a couple of centuries, he was at it in England in Mary's day, he has been at it ever since he first saw the light, he is at it today in Crete-as per the telegrams quoted above*-he will be at it somewhere else tomorrow. The higher animals have no religion. And we are told that they are going to be left out, in the Hereafter. I wonder why? It seems questionable taste. Man is the Reasoning Animal. Such is the claim. I think it is open to dispute. Indeed, my experiments have proven to me that he is the Unreasoning Animal. Note his history, as sketched above. It seems plain to me that whatever he is he is not a reasoning animal. His record is the fantastic record of a maniac. I consider that the strongest count against his intelligence is the fact that with that record back of him he blandly sets himself up as the head animal of the lot: whereas by his own standards he is the bottom one. In truth, man is incurably foolish. Simple things which the other animals easily learn, he is incapable of learning. Among my experiments was this. In an hour I taught a cat and a dog to be friends. I put them in a cage. In another hour I taught them to be friends with a rabbit. In the course of two days I was able to add a fox, a goose, a squirrel and some doves. Finally a monkey. They lived together in peace; even affectionately. 短小的英语文章：Living a solitary life The other day an acquaintance of mine, a gregarious and charming man, told me he had found himself unexpectedly alone in New York for an hour or two between appointments. He went to the Whitney and spent the "empty" time looking at things in solitary bliss. For him it proved to be a shock nearly as great as falling in love to discover that he could enjoy himself so much alone. What had he been afraid of, I asked myself? That, suddenly alone, he would discover that he bored himself, or that there was, quite simply, no self there to meet? But having taken the plunge, he is now on the brink of adventure; he is about to be launched into his own inner space to the astronaut. His every perception will come to him with a new freshness and, for a time, seem startlingly original. For anyone who can see things for himself with a naked eye becomes, for a moment or two, something of a genius. With another human being present vision becomes double vision, inevitably. We are busy wondering, what does my companion see or think of this, and what do I think of it? The original impact gets lost, or diffused. "Music I heard with you was more than music." Exactly. And therefore music itself can only be heard alone. Solitude is the salt of personhood. It brings out the authentic flavor of every experience. "Alone one is never lonely: the spirit adventures, walking in a quiet garden, in a cool house, abiding single there." Loneliness is most acutely felt with other people, for with others,even with a lover sometimes, we suffer from our differences of taste, temperament,mood. Human intercourse often demands that we soften the edge of perception, or withdraw at the very instant of personal truth for fear of hurting, or of being inappropriately present, which is to say naked, in a social situation. Alone we can afford to be wholly whatever we are, and to feel whatever we feel absolutely. That is a great luxury! For me the most interesting thing about a solitary life, and mine has been that for the last twenty years, is that it becomes increasingly rewarding. When I can wake up and watch the sun rise over the ocean, as I do most days, and know that I have an entire day ahead, uninterrupted, in which to write a few pages, take a walk with my dog, lie down in the afternoon for a long think (why does one think better in a horizontal position?), read and listen to music, I am flooded with happiness. I'm lonely only when I am overtired, when I have worked too long without a break, when from the time being I feel empty and need filling up. And I am lonely sometimes when I come back home after a lecture trip, when I have seen a lot of people and talked a lot, and am full to the brim with experience that needs to be sorted out. Then for a little while the house feels huge and empty, and I wonder where my self is hiding. It has to be recaptured slowly by watering the plants and perhaps,by looking again at each one as though it were a person. It takes a while, as I watch the surf blowing up in fountains at the end of the field, but the moment comes when the world falls away, and the self emerges again from the deep unconscious, bringing back all I have recently experienced to be explored and slowly understood, when I can converse again with my hidden powers, and so grow, and so be renewed, till death do us part.
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论文：
古典文学常见论文一词，谓交谈辞章或交流思想。当代，论文常用来指进行各个学术领域的研究和描述学术研究成果的文章，简称之为论文。它既是探讨问题进行学术研究的一种手段，又是描述学术研究成果进行学术交流的一种工具。它包括学年论文、毕业论文、学位论文、科技论文、成果论文等。
论文发表后，文摘杂志或各种数据库对摘要可以不作修改或稍作修改而直接利用，让读者尽快了解论文的主要内容，以补充题名的不足，从而避免他人编写摘要可能产生的误解、欠缺甚至错误。所以论文摘要的质量高低，直接影响着论文的被检索率和被引频次。