外国语言文化论文研究

英语语言文化特点分析论文

一、英语教学模式单一

目前在很多高职院校的英语教学中，主要以课本为主，老师在教学课堂中将课本中的知识直接输出给学生，在这种情况下，学生的学习兴趣被忽视，逐渐产生了厌烦的情绪，同时在这种教学模式影响下，教学效果也大大降低，显然这种传统教学模式已经不能与现在英语教育的发展方向相适应。近年来随着科学技术的不断发展，并且为了迎合新课改的要求，信息技术在英语教学课堂中得到了广泛的应用，在课堂教育中可以穿插一些电影片段或者图片等，学生的学习积极性得到了激发，同时可以更好的帮助学生集中注意力，促进教学质量的提高。面对目前我国的教育实际情况，应该对新的教学方法进行不断的探索，加强语言文化在英语教学中的地位，对学生的学习兴趣进行激发，引导学生在生活中多用英语进行交流，最终告别哑巴英语[2]。

二、口语表达过于简单

高职院校英语表达实际上与社会中的英语表达是一致的，在社会中表达英语的群体主要是高校毕业生，从某种程度上来说他们与在校学生在英语的使用中存在共鸣，多数在校生在心里都存在“英语难”的思想，在一些简单的表达中存在一定的心灵缺憾，他们或许会认为自己学习的英语无处表达，这也可以看出能够在口语表达中使用的应用，往往其传播效果却是最好的，这就直接说明了英语教学中的困境，即听说能力不强，换句话说，如果可以使英语口语交际能力提升一个水平，那么高职英语教学中学生的听说能力就能上升一个台阶。通常情况下，我们已经习惯了用本国文化对语言进行驾驭，事实上这正说明了我国的文化语境是封闭的，因此一定要促进语境的开放性，对外界的语言和文化进行接受，真正融入到外国的语言环境中，这样学生的英语水平才能真正实现与世界接轨的目标[3]。四、文化差异的存在使得学生“羞于表达”我国文化是非常内敛的，例如我们在接受别人赞扬的时候往往会回答：“你更漂亮”、“你更有能力”这类谦虚的语言，但是英语的文化呢，他们在接受别人赞美时，一定会说：“thankyou”，相比较来说，我国文化要内敛很多，这种文化已经根植于中国人的内心，成为接受赞美的一种标准性回答。但是，在英语文化中，却更喜欢直接的'表达，要求实事求是，这一点获取和它们的自由民主运动或者思想启蒙运动直接相关，由此可见，民主主义和自由民主的观念已经根植于他们的内心。因此，在接受西方表达方式的过程中，首先，我们对他们的表达习惯并不习惯，同时在学习的过程中也看不到存在于英语语言文化中的美，正是这种“羞于表达”的思想造成了实际能力与知识之间不匹配的这种状态，实际上这种文化差异对高职学生的英语学习存在着十分严重的影响。在高职英语教学中，我们应该坚持对传统文化观念的渗透，同时将英语语言文化的精髓融入到英语教学中，这对我国文化的发展是非常有利的，并且还能帮助我们更好的融入世界社会中，更好的对其他国家的优秀文化进行吸收，最终促进我国文化软实力的提高[4]。

三、结语

综上所述，英语语言文化存在属于自己的特征，在高职英语教学中，这些英语语言文化特征不可避免的和高职院校中的某些文化现象发生了联系，在这种情况下，出现了现阶段存在于高职院校中的特有的英语语言文化现象。本文结合我国的传统教学模式、我国与西方国家之间的文化差异等方面针对高职院校英语语言文化的特点展开了一系列的分析，以期更好的解决目前存在于高职英语教学中的问题，提升学生的英语运用能力。

《外国语言文学研究论文集》这本书的作者是袁凤识，聂中华。

像语音学，音位学，以及形态学，句法都不好下手建议写社会语言学或是心理语言学方面的，可以深入对比一下中西方思维的差异之类的，应该是一个好的论点加油~~

Second Language Vocabulary Acquisition Strategies 二语词汇习得策略 [摘 要] 词汇是构成语言的基本单位，词汇习得在语言学习中占有重要地位。英国著名语言学家. Wilkins (1972) 说过：“没有语法，人们不能表达很多东西；而没有词汇，人们则无法表达任何东西。”这就说明了词汇在学习中的重要性。本文旨在分析二语词汇习得策略并应用于不同水平的学习者。学习者根据自己的水平选择正确的习得方法和策略学习词汇，从而提高学习效率和习得效果。 关键字： 二语词汇习得 词汇习得策略 元认知策略 认知策略 Abstract Vocabulary is the basic unit of a language. Language acquisition plays an important role in language learning. Famous linguistics D. A. Wilkins said, “Without grammar, very little can be conveyed, without vocabulary, nothing can be conveyed (Lewis, 1993:16).” It speaks volumes for the importance of vocabulary in language learning. This paper aims to analysis the second language acquisition strategies and applies to different levels of learners. According to the different levels, the learners should choose the proper methods and strategies to promote learning efficiency and acquisition effect. Key words: Second Language Vocabulary Acquisition； Vocabulary Acquisition Strategies； Metacognitive strategy； Cognitive strategy Introduction With economic globalization and multi-polarization of the world, especially the population of the internet, English becomes more and more important, because it is considered as the tool for absorbing and communicating information. As we all known, vocabulary acquisition is one of the most noticed-question of the second language learners. “Vocabulary” appears in the area of linguists’ study. Nowadays, researchers still can not give a complete and reasonable definition of vocabulary. Since 1970s, the second language vocabulary acquisition research has gradually become the hot point and important subject in the second language vocabulary acquisition research area. These researches aim to discuss the efficiency vocabulary memory strategies to promote the memory skills and vocabulary levels. Then how to acquire vocabulary become popular among the researchers. Wenden &Rubin (1987), O’Malley& Chamot (1990) refer to the content of vocabulary acquisition strategies; Rubin (1987) and Oxford (1990) classify the memory strategy to the direct cognitive strategies. Especially, CohenAphek (1981), Porte (1988), O’Malley (1990), Vann (90), Cohen (1990), etc made a basic searching of vocabulary acquisition. In a word, there are various opinions in how to acquire vocabulary. Firstly, it talks about the importance of vocabulary. Secondly, what does it mean to “acquire” a word? This paper mainly aims to the detail analysis of the vocabulary acquisition from three aspects：Meta-cognitive Strategy; Cognitive Strategy and Social or Affective Strategy. Especially, it highlights the effect of the context and rending to vocabulary acquisition. This paper talks about the applications of the vocabulary acquisition strategies. And it puts forward some problems and difficulties of vocabulary acquisition. This paper also discusses the influencing factors to the acquisition. It includes the mother tongue, age, language contact, logical thinking ability, identity degree, and academic motivation . The purpose of this paper is to rise the awareness of English learners that the importance of vocabulary in language learning and the vocabulary acquisition strategies can not be neglected, and each strategies is deeply rooted in its language. Through the analysis of the theory of study, the paper tries to draw the learner’s attention to the strategies of the second language vocabulary acquisition and using the vocabulary in communication. In order to improve the acquisition efficiency, some strategies put into practice are introduced. The first presents the importance of vocabulary, some basic concepts of vocabulary and vocabulary learning, the second part tells what does it mean to know a word, the third part deals with the theory of vocabulary acquisition and presents the factors and differences influencing the vocabulary acquisition. The fourth part is detailed discussion of vocabulary acquisition strategies in different levels of learners. The last part is conclusion. Literature review 1. The importance of vocabulary As the first time, when we go to school and our English teacher will tell us that vocabulary is of great importance in learning English. After several years, we understand words gradually, especially when we study in high school. If we know a little about vocabulary, we may have poor English. That is because the listening, speaking, reading and writing show the necessary of learning vocabulary. Many researchers agree that lexis is at least as important as structure, because it is using wrong words and not wrong grammar that usually breaks down communication. Mistakes in lexis much more often lead to misunderstanding and may be less generously tolerated outside classroom than mistakes in syntax. (Carter, 1987). As Stephen Krashen remarked, “When students travel, they don’t carry grammar books, they carry dictionaries. A significant role of vocabulary in both teaching and learning processes was first stated by Stephen Krashen in The Natural Approach (1985): “Vocabulary is basic for communication. If acquirers do not recognize the meaning of the key words used by those who address them they will be unable to participate in the conversation.” Words are basic tools in human communication; therefore they determine the main part of people’s life-relationships between people and associations with the surrounding world that people live in. The larger one’s vocabulary, the easier it is to express one’s thoughts and feelings. In real communication, correctly and idiomatically used vocabulary can even decrease some structural inaccuracy and grammar errors. (Zhang Jiying, 2002). So learners should enrich and expand their knowledge of words as much as possible in order to communicate effectively in a foreign language. 2. What does it mean to “know” a word? Knowing a word is not a simple phenomenon. In fact, it is quite complex and goes far beyond the word’s meaning and pronunciation. (Zhang Jiying, 2002). Richards (1976) think knowing a word means also knowing the frequency of words and their likely collocates; being aware of the functional and situation limitations that apply; knowledge of the “syntactic behavior”; derivational forms and word class; associative and connotative knowledge; semantic value-breaking down words into minimal units as with componential analysis (see Katz&Fodor1963or Leech1974); knowing the other (possible) meaning associated. Nagy and Scott (2000) identify several dimensions that describe the complexity of what it means to know a word. First, word knowledge is incremental, which means that readers need to have many exposures to a word in different contexts before they “know” it. Second, word knowledge is multidimensional. This is because many words have multiple meanings and serve different functions in different function in different sentences, texts, and even conversations. Third, word knowledge is interrelated in that knowledge of one word connects knowledge of other words. What all of this means is that “knowing” a word is a matter of degree rather than an all-or-nothing proposition (Beck&Mckeown, 1991; Nagy&Scott, 2000). The degree of knowing a word are reflected in the precision with which we use a word, how quickly we understand a word, and how well we understand and use words in different modes and different purpose. The memory strategy, cognitive strategy, social strategy and metacognitve strategy are used more frequently than the affective strategy and compensative strategy. Conclusion This paper has attempted to provide some theories of second language vocabulary acquisition and some strategies. Such as metacognitive strategy, cognitive strategy, and social strategy. However, this paper also put forward some microcosmic strategy. As a matter of fact, vocabulary acquisition should combine the context. 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