英语论文范文500字

There have seed emotion to call "like", the second is called "love". Love is when he is in in eyes, he is the only one; When he is not in all with his shadow. Love is in the middle of the night when reading a book about him suddenly, imagine him what to do now, in the heart of the warm light up a bulky, but never actively give him a call. A few minutes later, the attention again to plot of the book to attract!!!!! Love is in the lonely night, miss flooded to holding the book in his hand, but how also can't go in, you heart at this time whether he still in overtime, and eat dinner, is not as we think of his general thinking about himself. Like is to discuss with him the blush up to the ears, for before him at his rival like a hedgehog never give up, but as in the heart had secretly admire his opinions of his talent. Love is the hope that he and his whip, and his soul dwelling, he inadvertently say a teaser also can let himself down even for tears. In front of him, he is never fortification. Like is out to his hair message, tell him the weather here is very good, and then the phone off, alone in different ground crazy for a week, sun into a black suddenly appeared in front of him after startled him. Love is whether to which all hope to have his company. Can be standing on the beach to give him a mobile phone, let him to hear the sound of the waves; Can also because of the foreign street see a strongly resembles his figure and leng in situ billowing move. Like he is before the trip simple way with a "bon voyage", looking at his leave of figure, in the heart a little shed, but say nothing, just silently waiting for him to return news. Love is in his QianDingNing before the trip into his backpack, charged with clothes and food, at the station to wait until the train left before they would leave. And after he left in the day of every day in limbo, over and pray that he can come back safely. Like is in hurt, don't want to let him see his weak side, before him quietly wipe the tears, turned his head still is a happy strong shape. Love is in be wronged, on his chest and wept bitterly, no disguise no worries, put all the troubles completely, and the desire to tell him from his arms get comfort. Like is and his weekend shops tired eat together KFC; Is in the cold winter and he grabbed a hot cup of coffee; And he is always walk on the street shoulder among the distance between the half a metre; With him together in front of the computer game play two smile like a child. Love is weekend use half a day to make a few with sir meet of see him to eat it, Is in the cold winter for his coffee cup constantly refilled hot water; And he walked in the street is letting him walking arm in arm with his own hand tightly; Is next to him in the quiet, happy to look at him in front of the computer work to look. Like is to hear him tell his childhood the fun, and then laughed, in the heart of the fellowship of the vague feeling. Love is to listen to his childhood the fun, then smiled, heart more pity at present this once so terribly naughty man. Love is in the building, pleasant and met him he say hello, again simple greetings several, pass by when she saw a beautiful sunshine outside the window, the mood gratuitous and better. Love is in the building and see him, face pretends to did not care about the expression, but passed careful around feeling in the attack of air, and could not help looking back to one eye. Like is to see him and another girl hand through inside, there is a little bit of pain, but will soon at chaoyang to raise smiling face. Love is a loser's game, after paying all, stay may be only on the bottom of a scar. Like a person is want him was his own, so, can be like a lot of people, want to a lot of people is their own. Love is clearly without him, but will have to give up him, because he will happiness, maybe I can not give. Can't take him, would like to see him find happiness, even of that happiness is not share with me. Like that are expected to feel lonely, bored, sad, to find someone to talk to. Love is, at any time to share with him, happy even hopes to put all his happiness. Love is a long, long time, didn't contact, received his phone, and then smile to hear him speak. Love is in a few days, had no contact, try so hard to call him, then held my tears and smile a little. Like, only together of the time, just thinking about each other. Love is, even if it is together, each second is thinking about him. Like a person, most many friends, will also feel happy. Love a person, is more a person, can enjoy two people of the world. Like a person, is sweet greasy. Love a person, is the sunshine. Like a person, together of the time will be very happy. Love a person, not together, will sense of loss. Like a person, you won't think of your future. Love a person, you often together hope for tomorrow. Like a person, together of the time is always a joy. Love a person, you will often tears. Like a person, when you long time no see, you will suddenly think of him. Love a person, when you long time no see, you will think about him every day. Like a person, when you think of him, and you will be a slight smile. Love a person, when you think of him, and you will be the stunned. Like a person, you will want to have children, he you will love it. Love a person, will one day, you suddenly very curious: the future of our children can be any appearance. Like a person is hope everybody happy. Love a person hope that he will be more happy. Like a person, you only need today. Love a person, you expect is forever. Like a person, is to see the advantages. Love a person, is inclusive of his faults. When you stand in front of the person you love, your heart beats faster. But when you stood in front of the person you like, you just feel happy. When you and the person you love, you four eyes delivers will shy. But when you and four eyes of the person you like, you can only smile delivers. When you and the person you love, you feel is reluctant to dialogue. But when you and of the person you like, you can speak freely. Dialogue When the one you love is crying, you cry with her. But when the one you like is crying, you will skills to comfort her. When you don't want to love a person, you want to close your eyes and endure tears. When you don't

在纷繁杂乱的论文文献海洋里，每一篇论文都有其格式。我整理了500字论文及其格式，有兴趣的亲可以来阅读一下! 本科 毕业 论文格式 封面 使用学校统一格式，题目居中，学号等内容靠左侧对齐，后面的下画线要整齐。。题目要对论文(设计)的内容有高度的概括性，简明、易读，字数应在20以内。 中文论文题目 论文题目 黑体三号，居中。下面空一行。 中文摘要 “摘要：“顶头，黑体四号，后面内容采用宋体小四号，摘要应简要说明毕业论文(设计)所研究的内容、目的、实验 方法 、主要成果和特色，一般为150-300字。下面空一行 中文关键词 “关键词：“顶头，黑体四号，后面内容采用宋体小四号，关键词一般3-5个，以”，“号隔开，最后一个关键词尾不加标点符号，下面空两行。 英文论文题目 所有英文采用“Times New roman”字体，黑体三号，加粗，居中。下面空一行。 英文摘要和关键词 英文摘要和关键词除字体外同中文摘要和关键词的格式要求，但“Abstract:”和“Key words：”要加粗。内容翻译要准确，英文摘要的词汇和语法必须准确。 注意：如果内容教多，可以将英文题目、摘要、关键词放到下页。 目录 “目录”两字为黑体3号，居中，下面空一行。 第一层次标题“一、”顶头，黑体、小四号，第二层次缩进一字，宋体，小四号，第三层次再缩进一字，宋体，小四号……，页码加小括号，页码前为连续的点，垂直居中。 如果采用“1”、“1、1”、“1、1、1”的形式，则每层缩进半字。 参考文献按第一层次标题的格式。 正文 正文采用宋体，小四号，每段开头空两字，要符合一般学术论文的写作规范，文理科毕业论文字数一般不少于6000字，工科、艺术类专业毕业设计字数视专业情况而定。 论文应文字流畅，语言准确，层次清晰，论点清楚，论据准确，论证完整、严密，有独立的观点和见解，应具备学术性、科学性和一定的创新性。 毕业论文内容要实事求是，尊重知识产权，凡引用他人的观点、统计数据或计算公式的要有出处(引注)，计算的数据要求真实、客观、准确。 标题 所有标题左侧空两字，数字标题从大到小的顺序写法应为：“一、”，“(一)”，“1、”，“(1)”，“” 的形式，黑体，小四号，左侧空两字，或者采用“1”、“1、1”、“1、1、1”……的形式，黑体，小四号，左侧顶格。 注释 采用本学科学术规范，提倡实用脚注，论文所有引用的中外文资料都要注明出处。中外文注释要注明所用资料的原文版作者、书名、出版商、出版年月、页码。 图表 正文中出现图表时，调整行距至所需大小，返回正文再将行距调整为22磅。 参考文献 参考文献按在正文中出现的先后次序列表于文后;文后以“参考文献：”(左顶格)为标识;参考文献的序号左顶格，并用数字加方括号表示，如[1]、[2]、…，以与正文中的指示序号格式一致。参照ISO690及ISO690-2，每一参考文献条目的最后均以“、”结束。各类参考文献条目的编排格式及示例如下： 专著、论文集、学位论文、 报告 [序号]主要责任者、文献题名[文献类型标识]、出版地：出版者，出版年、起止页码(任选)、(中译本前要加国别) [1] [英]M奥康诺尔著，王耀先译.科技书刊的编译工作[M]、北京：人民 教育 出版社，1982、56-57、 [2] 辛希孟、信息技术与信息服务国际研讨会论文集：A集[C]、北京：中国社会科学出版社，1994、 打印及纸张 本科生毕业论文(设计)应一律采用打印的形式，使用A4规格的纸张，左边距2、75cm，右边距及上下边距2、5cm，页眉页脚1、5cm，全文行距22磅，装订线在左侧。按以下介绍的次序依次编排，页号打在页下方，宋体五号，居中。 装订次序 学生答辩后各院系要将有关资料和论文按照封面、中英文内容摘要及关键词、目录、正文、注释、参考文献、选题审批表、开题报告、中期检查表、指导教师评语、答辩记录表的顺序统一装订成册，存入院系教学档案。 提交论文电子稿 学生上交的毕业论文(设计)软盘一定要经过杀毒处理! 毕业论文(设计)应用Microsoft Word编辑，存成以学号为名的、doc文件,例如一个学生的学号为0137023,则文件名应该为0137023、doc。每个学生交上来的磁盘中只能有一个名为学号、doc的文件，对于双修的学生，应上交两篇论文，其中一篇名为学号、doc,另一篇名为学号sh、doc,如 0137023sh、doc(双修专业)。 原则上，每个学生应将自己的论文单独存盘(存为一个文件名)，并在软盘封面写明自己的学号、姓名、所属院系，然后上交。不提倡为了将多个学生的论文挤在一张软盘上而将各个文件压缩的做法。如果软盘的空间足够大，也可以集中多个学生的论文文件，但决不能是压缩文件。如果某个学生的论文过大，不得不进行压缩，那么必须将自己所用的压缩、解压软件及解压方法详细记录在一个名为decompress的、doc或、txt文件中;如果所用的解压软件不常见，应该在软盘中附带自己的解压软件。500字小论文 早晨，阳光透过我房间的纱窗和玻璃懒洋洋地撒在我脸上，让我从甜蜜梦乡中醒来。这时，妈妈推开我房间的木门告诉我今天的行程：今天我们一家四口和小姨、舅舅还有徐豪一起去雅林玩。 听了之后，我的脸上浮现出来开心的笑容。 经过漫长的“坐车之行”，我们终于到达了虞美人(花名)之乡——雅林。走入大门，五颜六色的虞美人衬在绿油油的草地上十分显眼!在那一刹那，我昏昏的感觉一下子消失了，新鲜空气中漂浮着悠悠香气，这气味闻着让人心里真舒坦。 在木头城里，独木桩和独木块最受大家的欢迎，无论什么时候，游客都排着长长的队伍。终于轮到我了!“呀!”我在独木桩上颤抖地说，这时木桩在晃动，差点让我摔了一个大跟头。走过独木桩，我发现自己的手被独木桩的缰绳搞得通红，犹如刚接触过血一番。而我却并没有因为手的发红而放弃‘过关’：我在独木板的那队排队，看着前面的叔叔阿姨过独木板时的紧张，我感受到了“危险”，抱着忐忑不安的心，我也走上了独木板，两个相邻的木板时不时的相撞，大家的脚一会儿碰在一起，一会儿分开，有点像荡秋千呢!踏过独木板和独木桩让我意识到了：坚持不懈，就一定可以成功!我在木头城玩耍，虽然弄的满头是汗，但是很开心。 之后，我们去热带林游玩，里面有着我们这里没有的植物。 转眼间，两个小时过去了我们便坐着舅舅的车回家了。看了“500字论文及其格式”的人还看： 1. 500字论文格式 2. 500字论文怎么写 3. 毕业论文范文 4. 1000字左右论文格式 5. 本科毕业论文格式要求

一、封面1、题目：小二号黑体加粗居中。2、各项内容：四号宋体居中。二、目录1、目录：二号黑体加粗居中。2、章节条目：五号宋体。3、行距：单倍行距。三、论文题目：小一号黑体加粗居中。四、中文摘要1、摘要：小二号黑体加粗居中。2、摘要内容字体：小四号宋体。3、字数：300字左右。4、行距：28磅5、关键词：四号宋体，加粗。词3-5个，每个词间空一格。五、英文摘要1、ABSTRACT：小二号、内容字体：小四号、单倍行距。4、Keywords：四号加粗。词3-5个，小四号TimesNewRoman.词间空一格。六、绪论小二号黑体加粗居中。内容500字左右，小四号宋体，行距：28磅七、章、节、一.二.三.四、五级标题序号字体格式章：标题小二号黑体加粗居中。节：标题小三号黑体加粗居中。一、一级标题序号标题四号黑体加粗，顶格。(一)二级标题序号标题小四号宋体，不加粗顶格。1.三级标题序号标题小四号宋体，不加粗，缩进二个字。(1)四级标题序号标题小四号宋体，不加粗，缩进二个字。①五级标题序号标题小四号宋体，不加粗，缩进二个字。八、结束语小二号黑体加粗居中。内容300字左右，小四号宋体，行距：28磅。九、致谢小二号黑体加粗居中。内容小四号宋体，行距：28磅十、参考文献小二号黑体加粗居中。内容8—10篇，五号宋体，行距：28磅。十一、附录小二号黑体加粗居中。英文内容小四号TimesNewRoman.单倍行距。翻译成中文字数不少于800字内容五号宋体，行距：28磅。十二、提示【页边距设置】上，下，左，右。【页码制作】视图页眉页脚自动图标集选中第X页共Y页。【28磅设置】格式段落行距固定值设置值输入28磅文字。外国文学论文范文赏析：外国文学课程应用型改革的必然性一、应用型人才培养是教学改革的必然选择教育服务于时代，教学制约于环境。自上世纪90年代高校开始扩招到本世纪初毛入学率达到20%，我国高等教育已完成了由传统精英教育向现代大众教育的转化。在这个过程中，一批以专科院校合并升格方式组建而成的地方性本科院校应运而生。在世纪前后持续扩招的10年里，这些新建地方院校与老牌院校一起，共同承担了消化新中国建立后第二个人口生育高峰(上世纪80年代)蕴积的高等教育重任和完成大众化阶段高等教育任务的社会责任。在持续满负荷甚至超负荷运转中，他们对自身地位处境、办学目标方向、发展出路等问题未及进行准确定位思考，事实上高速发展的大众教育形势也不容思考。只需例行一年一度“打开门”，以“坐以待客”的招生方式，就有源源不断的生源和疲于应付的工作任务。办学思路、模式无需创建和开拓，只需延续精英教育阶段“全国一盘棋”万众一心建设综合性大学的老路。在发展历史短底子薄、地方投入不足办学条件差、地域封闭学缘校缘联系欠佳等不利因素下，殚精竭虑、不遗余力地追求学术型大学建设目标。客观地说，在此宏大目标下，这些院校做出了不同寻常的努力，使办学环境、条件得到了极大改善。自身获得了长足发展，也为我国高等教育事业做出了巨大贡献。但不可回避的是，诸多现实问题也随之产生，且日渐凸显，成为当前及今后一个时期困扰地方院校、困扰全社会，以至制约我国大众高等教育持续健康发展的巨大障碍。存在的主要问题是，地方院校是在办学条件有限、生源质量较差情况下，走与老牌综合大学同样的学术精英人才培养之路，现实与理想的差距，使教育活动收效甚微。教学中，一方面是受各种条件制约的教师在相对封闭的环境下，多年不变地守着同一个培养计划同一个大纲，竭尽所能地讲授系统的专业理论知识，另一方面是应试教育驯化出来的课外书籍基本不看、学习基本被牵着鼻子转的学生，在高校大信息量、满堂灌的课堂上难以适应和疲于应付。应试教育阶段，学生缺乏必要的阅读和社会参与，导致常识性科学文化知识和社会经验阅历积累不足。加之地方院校低分录取的学生知识功底较弱的特殊问题，使以系统理论知识传授为指针的教学活动困难重重。学生对大容量高密度的知识传授难于消化和理解，与教师之间难以形成“反馈”与“互动”的良好关系。于是教师全情投入的教学就成了单边进行无人喝彩的独角戏，难以收到良好的效果。第二个突出问题是，传统教学模式方法、内容体系及教育教学管理体制，已不能适应变化了的校情学情，造成教学和教育质量同时滑坡。一方面是在校生人数激增，给日常教学带来种种困难。人数激增，班型扩大，使课堂教学秩序难以把握，教学形式更趋于易于操作的满堂灌和一言堂，而以小班为易，曾经作为传统教学补充的研讨式、探析式、参与式教学难以坚持。另一方面是人数激增，使以拓展课堂教学和提高学生知识应用能力、综合能力的第二课堂活动难以开展。人数激增，并列班级增加，教学场所紧张。教室流动使用，学生走班，学生学习及活动最基本的组织单位———班级名存实亡，使第二课堂以及其它增强学生团队意识、提升学生文化素养和参与能力的校园文化活动难于组织。在这两大问题之下，最终检验学校教育成效和学生知识能力水平的毕业生的两大出口———考研和就业，均出现困局。重在理论知识传授的传统教学，目标是培养理论功底扎实有学术水平的高层次人才。但如此教育之下的毕业生，首先在专业知识检验的第一道关口毕业论文(设计)中，常常照抄照搬甚至“满纸荒唐言”。之后在被看作专业知识水平终极检验的考研中，整体成绩也不理想。成功率无论在量上还是质上，都不能与生源质量较好又有深厚学术积淀的一本院校同日而语。而绝大多数选择毕业即择业的学生，在并不与他们所学专业、课程直接对应的职业招聘考录中言不成文、语不成体，在考查综合素质能力的面试中手足无措的现象不在少数。因此现实是，一方面是学生苦读四年毕业后难以找到满意的工作，另一方面是用人单位难以录用到学用相适、上岗即能工作的实用人才。更为严峻的是，现今地方性院校已经占据我国高等院校总数6/7的份额，已无可置疑成为大众化时期高等教育的主体。而这些院校办学方向模糊造成的投入产出失衡、学生学用不适、校地人才供求脱节，不是个案和局部，而是普遍性全局性的问题。由此造成的问题是：这些院校越是在既有路线上发展扩大，越是造成资源和人才的浪费。其教师在一心培养高层次学术人才的课堂上传授越多，对学生掌控越多，学生开拓创新的能力、职业综合能力、社会适应能力越是不足，越是难以逃脱“理论基本不用”“、实践基本不会”和“毕业即失业”，的魔咒。而国家，在缓解了人口压力造成的高等教育压力的同时，却把就业压力抛向了社会，造成了新的民生问题和社会问题。同质化教育引发的地方院校以及我国高等教育整体问题，从中央到地方、从行政管理部门到实体院校，早已形成自省自警的共识。同时也都预见到，随着生育高峰期人口完成高等教育及高等教育适龄人口基数实际减小，我国高等教育已在蕴积新的矛盾和危机，那就是即将到来的院校间残酷的生源竞争。生源竞争将是物质基础、学术环境都相对较差的地方院校必然面临的危机和挑战。那么地方院校的出路在哪里？发展图存的希望何在？应该在国家政策的框架下谋发展，在自身个性化特色化发展中求生存。要充分领会教育行政部门“分类指导、准确定位、办出特色”的指示精神，要充分理解国家“培养适应经济社会发展的数以千万计的高素质专门人才和一大批拔尖创新人才”的高等院校层级化发展思路，从中找到适合自身内情与环境的合理定位。那就是以培养“高素质专门人才”为宗旨，以立足一方服务一方为原则，走应用型人才培养和地域化个性化发展之路，办满足地方经济及社会发展对多样化人才需求的应用型大学。二、应用型人才培养体系中课程教学的问题与地位新世纪之后，国家和教育部持续适时颁发纲领性文件，实施和推动我国高等教育改革的不断深化。2005年教高1号文件《教育部关于进一步加强高等学校本科教学工作的若干意见》，做出了“坚持科学的发展观，实现高等教育工作重心的转移，在规模持续发展的同时，把提高质量放在更加突出的位置”的部署，倡导高等教育工作重心由扩大规模向加强内涵建设的战略性转移。2007年1月教育部、财政部联合发文《教育部财政部关于实施高等学校本科教学质量与教学改革工程的意见》，启动本科教学“质量工程”，提出“按照‘分类指导、鼓励特色、重在改革’的原则，加强内涵建设，提升我国高等教育的质量和整体实力”的基本路线，并以明确具体的建设目标、内容和资金支持，落实高等教育从“保量”到“提质”的切实转换。紧随其后的教育部2号文件《教育部关于进一步深化本科教学改革全面提高教学质量的若干意见》，进一步提出了“高等学校要根据经济社会发展需要，科学定位，办出水平，办出特色”的教育发展总体路线。到2012年教育部4号文件《教育部关于全面提高等教育质量的若干意见》，则进而明确提出了“探索建立高校分类体系，制定分类管理办法，克服同质化倾向。根据办学历史、区位优势和资源条件等，确定特色鲜明的办学定位、发展规划、人才培养规格和学科专业设置”的具体方针。国家层面改革与发展的思路清晰透明，这推动了国内高等教育理论界及实践者对大众化教育深化改革、加强内涵建设，以及高等学校分类定位、层级化发展诸问题的广泛探讨，更推动了学界和实体高校对源于上世纪70年代德国的“应用性大学“”应用型人才”培养模式的深入理论探讨和实践探索。在国家继续实施的“985工程”、“211工程”和新开辟的优势学科创新平台、特色重点学科项目及本科教学“质量工程”等政策、资金、项目、平台等支持下，对于占据我国当前高等教育主体地位的地方院校的“应用型人才培养”理论及实践的探索，均取得了丰硕成果。但从形成的成果结论看，刚刚建立的大众教育应用型人才培养体系已出现新的“结构性短缺”。首先是学科分类内部结构失调。从大的学科分类看，应用型人才培养的理论探讨和实践集中在理工类和新兴应用类学科上。主要探索上述学科实验教学场地、实践教学基地、校企合作、校地合作、产学研一体化等多种人才培养渠道的开发和建设。而既难言成果转化也难言实际应用，而一向作为提高人综合文化素养、人文素质和的传统人文社科类遭冷遇、被搁置，在“应用型”理论和实践大潮中失去了存在的价值和依据。继而在人文社科范畴内，外国文学课程所属汉语言文学及历史等传统人文类专业，因其既非“理论”也非“科学”，而只是人类文明进程中人物、事件、精神、物质等成果材料的汇集梳理，且不与当前经济社会特定产业、行业直接对接，不具备“实操性”和“应用性”，从而全局失利，在方兴未艾的“应用型”理论与实践探讨中失重失语。在定位为“应用型本科”的地方院校自我绘制的“精文、强理、重应用”的发展蓝图中，文科的下行路线已十分明晰。进而在已经失重的人文类汉语言文学专业中，主干课外国文学又因其不具有文学及写作理论课对创作实践的先验指导性，也不具有语言课对言语文实践的经验总结性，而与中国各段代文学课一起与“应用”相关的一切断裂和绝缘。从“文科”到“人文”再到“文学”，在当前经济社会，在重应用型人才培养的大众高等教育中，似乎已毫无用处，丧失了安身立命的依凭。第二，是实践及理论探索的视域有所局限。统观国内相关理论成果材料和实践总结报告，对应用型人才培养模式的探讨和实践主要局限在学校宏观体系建设方面，如制度保证、资金落实、项目带动、师资队伍建设、实践教学改进等宏观因素。而对决定教育改革成败和人才培养成效的学科、专业、课程等教育活动主体内容———教学层面落实问题探索不足。还局限在“合理调整专业结构”“、优化课程体系”“、推进课程体系、教学内容、教学方法和手段的改革”等原则意见的提出，而对教学改革的核心问题———课程教学内容体系、模式方法、评介考核等应用型改革与实践实操层面问题的研究，目前还实为缺位。课程改革是教育教学中的核心地位，国内应用型人才培养理论的奠基者潘懋元先生曾指出：“任何教育的最终效果取决于直接面对学生的课程建设和实施过程，因此课程建设是当前提高高等教育质量的核心环节。对于以人才培养类型作为分类标准的高校分类，最终也要落实在与人才培养密切相关的课程。因此，建设应用型本科课程是当前推进高校分类发展进而提高教育质量的重要举措。”因而，在国家政策积极引导、资金大力支持、院校层面应用型人才培养宏观体系构划业已就绪局面下，学科、专业、课程三级教学层面应用型人才培养模式的探索已无可退缩，它已占据大众教育改革深化最后攻坚克难的关键地位。而外国文学作为地方院校非应用类专业的主干课，也应牢固树立应用型人才培养的理念，努力探索满足社会经济发展对实践型、创新型、复合型人才需要的应用型人才培养之路，建立应用型教学改革和实践的课程体系。这既是大众高等教育改革深化的当务之急，也是地方院校一线教师当前要完成的首要工作任务。任务重大而紧迫而，不容松懈。

On suprasegmental features Introduction So far we havebeen talking about phonetic features as they apply to single phonetic segments,or phones. Phonetic features can also apply to a string of severalsounds, such as a syllable, or an entire word or utterance. The study ofphonological features which applies to groups larger than the single segment,are known as suprasegmentalfeatures, such as the syllable or the word. The study of these features is knownas prosody. It mainly includessyllable, stress, pitch, tone, and intonation. In this paper, I will talk aboutthe suprasegmental features ingreat detail. Key words: phonetic, suprasegmental. Syllable The most obvious prosodic feature in languageis the syllable. Let's briefly discuss the notion of syllables. Like all of our other basic linguistic concepts,although everyone knows what a syllable is, the concept "syllable" isdifficult to define in absolute terms. A syllable can be divided into threeparts, that is, onset, nucleus, and coda, of which nucleus is a must. Asyllable that has no coda is called an open syllable while a syllable with codais called a closed syllable. In English only long vowels and diphthongs canoccur in open syllables. The onset may be empty or filled by a cluster of asmany as three consonants, while the coda position may be filled as many as fourconsonants. The maximal onset principle states that when there is a choice asto where to place a consonant, it is put into the onset rather than the some languages, syllables are always open,that is, they always end in a vowel, never a consonant. (Hawaiian) On the other hand, every Hawaiian syllable must begin with a consonant. (Aloha spoken as a single word beginsin a glottal stop.) In other languages, syllables are always closed; they mustend in a consonant (Navaho): Háá'ishah dididiljah. Let's build a fire. Táá diné 'ooljéé'go naaskai' Three men went to the moon. (LikeHawaiian, they must also begin in a consonant.)Stress The nature of stress The word stress is used differently bydifferent authors, and the relationship between stress, emphasis, accent andprominence is also defined differently. Robins has defined it as “a genericterm for the relatively greater force exerted in the articulation of part ofutterance”. The nature of stress is simple enough—practically everyone wouldagree that the first syllable of words like“father”, “open” is stressed, thatthe middle syllable is stressed in “potato”, “apartment” and the final syllableis stressed in “about”, “perhaps”, and most people feel they have some sort ofidea of what the difference is between stressed and unstressed syllables,though they might explain it in many different production of stress is generallybelieved to depend on the speaker using more muscular energy than is used forunstressed syllables. From the perceptual point of view, all stressed syllableshave one characteristic in common, and that is “prominence”. Roach hasmanifested that at least four different factors are important to make asyllable prominent:i) Loudness: Most people seem to feelthat stressed syllables are louder than unstressed ones; in other words,loudness is a component of ) Length: The length of syllables hasan important part to play in prominence; the syllables which are made longerthan the others will be heard as ) Pitch: Pitch in speech is closelyrelated to the frequency of vibration of the vocal folds and to the musicalnotion of low-pitched and high-pitched notes; if one syllable is said with apitch that is noticeably different from that of the others, this will have astrong tendency to produce the effect of ) Quality: a syllable will tend to be prominentif it contains a vowel that is different in quality from neighboring vowels. Languages differ in how they use ) In some languages, eachsyllable is equally stressed or unstressed，as in Cambodian2) the syllable in eachword is more stressed. Theplace of stress is fixed on acertain syllable:1) initial. Finnish,Hungarian and other Finno-Ugric languages2) penultimate. Polish,3) final. ) Complex set ofrules. In Bulgarian nouns and verbs have separate sets of rules forstress placement. Hopi (phonetic: first syllable of a two syllableword: síkwi meat; inwords of three or more syllables, accent falls on the first long vowel: máamatsi to recognize; or onthe first short vowel before a consonant cluster: péntani to write; otherwise it falls on thenext to last syllable: wunúvtu standup)The place of stress is ) In Russian the stress iscompletely random: xoroshó, xoró) In English the stress ismore predictable but still random. Usually a middle syllable of a longerword receives the stress. In two syllable words stress is rando and oftenrenders differences in meaning: project/toproject, produce/produce, and insult/ to insult. Some languages have more than one stress perword: English is such a language. In English, words of foursyllables or more have a primaryand a secondary stress. SomeEnglish compounds have phrasal stress on the first element of thecompound. Phrasal stress often distinguishes meaning in adjective/nouncombinations. Sentence stress in English According to He Shanfen (1992), Englishsentence stress has two main functions:⑴ to indicate the important words in thesentence; ⑵ to serve as thebasis for the rhythmic structure of the sentence. Consequently, in connected English speech,sentence stress usually falls on content ( or lexical) words, which carry thebasic meaning of a sentence, . nouns, adjectives, adverbs etc. Those whichare usually unstressed in sentences are form (or structural) words, which showgrammatical relationships, such as articles, auxiliary and modal verbs,monosyllabic prepositions, Another prosodic feature is pitch, defined as the frequency ofvibration of vocal cords. Pitch is measured in hertzes. Physiologically, pitch tends to be higher inwoman than in men and higher before puberty than after puberty. Also, thepitch of women's voices tends to lower with old age; the pitch of men's voicestends to get higher with age. Despite these physiological, non-linguisticuniversal, each language uses pitch distinctions for linguisticallymeaningful purposes. Startingfrom the lowest pitch on the initial syllable, the pitch of each subsequentsyllable raises until the word reaches the "peak". From that point,pitch either remains at the same level for the remainder of the word or itdrops again. The choice between maintenance of high pitch or allowing it todrop is a matter of formality: pitch is maintained in formal or careful speech,but dropped in colloquial usage.七．ConclusionBeing the most important part, suprasegmental features can not be despised in phonology the whole passage, we can understand that suprasegmentalfeatures not only has its phonology significance, but also the practicaluse as well. We can not say this person is a good language user just by his orher vocabulary, as well as the grammar. Spoken language is also very useful. Ido hope that the paper will be sufficient to prove that suprasegmental features is an efficient way for our studies and encouragemore and more students to pay attention to using 【1】CaoJianfen. The Rhythm of Mandarin Chinese. Instituteof Linguistics of Chinese Academyof Social Science. RPR-IL/CASS (2000-2002).【2】Chen . Contrastive Study of Suprasegmental Phonology in English and Chinese: aFunctional Perspective. MA: Southwest China Normal University.【3】Chomsky,N. & Halle,M. 1968. The Sound Pattern of English. New York: Harper and Row, Publishers.