冷链运输新技术研究生论文

上海A物流有限公司企业流程的关键成功因素在平衡计分卡实施中的探讨摘要：平衡计分卡是过去十几年中，国外兴起的最重要的管理方法之一。它克服了传统绩效评价体系普遍只注重财务方面指标，而忽视非财务指标的严重缺陷，主要通过财务方面、顾客方面、内部经营过程方面和学习与成长方面四个重要角度，全面科学的对企业真实业绩，进行综合评价，从而促使企业不仅注重财务方面的目标，而且注重非财务的内部经营过程、学习与成长等绩效驱动因素。 平衡计分卡的基本原理，对我国企业逐步树立以顾客为中心、以市场需求为导向、不断提高核心竞争能力、促进企业经营绩效的改进，具有积极的理论指导作用。 本文在对平衡计分卡相关基本理论阐述的基础上，进行了创新，作者换了一个角度重新审视平衡计分卡。文章研究了A物流有限公司设计平衡计分卡的过程，根据A物流有限公司当前战略重点，运用SWOT工具详细分析了A物流有限公司当前所面临的战略选择，基于物流企业的特殊企业属性，在A物流公司几个核心业务流程中，找出了各个业务的关键成功因素，并以此为基础，设计了各个成功因素对应的绩效衡量指标，最后，按照A物流有限公司在财务、顾客、内部流程、学习与成长四个维度的战略重点和战略目标，重新选择、归类了四个维度下对应的指标，以利用这些指标来衡量A物流有限公司的经营状况。 本文还对平衡计分卡具体实施流程中一些重要的处理过程，进行了设计研究，为平衡计分卡的应用实践，提供了一些具体的指导建议和方法。 平衡计分卡对于中国企业来说，还是一种比较先进和新兴的管理工具。本文 利用平衡计分卡，为A物流有限公司建立了一套以战略为导向的绩效指标体系，并对其具体应用实施提供了一些设计思路，对于A物流有限公司今后成功实施平衡计分卡这一战略工具，也为中国企业如何正确引进平衡计分卡这一先进的管理工具，提供一个具体的模式和例证。关键词：平衡计分卡 业务流程Abstract； The balanced score card in enterprise's Performance graded is one of the most important managements which are popular in the past ten years in foreign countries. The traditional efficiency evaluation only focuses on the target in financial affairs and ignores the targets of non-financial affairs. While the former evaluates the enterprises' performance according to management of financial affairs, customers' opinions, internal management and its plan for further development. Such evaluation makes enterprises or enterprises not only focus on the target of financial affairs but also emphasize non-financial affairs, which can promote the efficiency of the financial affairs, such as the process of internal management, making the plan for further development. The basic theory of the balanced scorecard in enterprise 's performance acts as the theoretical direction in helping the enterprises regard customers as Gods, try to meet the needs of the markets, upgrade competitive capacity and enhance the efficiency. On the basis of discussing the theory, this thesis analyzes the actuality of the performance appraisal in A logistics limited Company and the applicability of the balanced scorecard 希望可以帮助到你，望采纳

食品冷链企业发展分析论文

【 摘要 】文章研究了新零售趋势下冷链的发展模式；以食品安全、食品营养构建起聚焦产前管理、发展流通加工技术等，并通过提供一体化的解决方案以及采取高效的轻资产运营技术等关键经营要素，探讨了冷链企业的发展模型。

【 关键词 】冷链；新零售；冷网；食品安全；流通

加工从国家发布《“十二五”农产品冷链物流发展规划》至今，中国农产品冷链物流开始进入快速发展阶段。然而，中国农产品冷链物流仍然存在自动化水平低、物流成本较高、冷链流通率低、尚未形成完善的冷链物流体系等问题，导致农产品冷链物流水平与居民消费升级、现代农业发展和农产品出口需求扩大相比,仍有较大差距；同时，随着人们对食品安全重视程度的不断提高，对高品质低温食品的需求量日益增大，同时互联网的快速发展带动了电子商务爆发式的增长，网购平台打通了销售者与消费者之间的通道，冷链物流链被拉长，市场对冷链的需求迅速增加。明显，发展冷链物流正当其时，选择合适的发展模式作为冷运企业的运营策略成为冷链企业经营成败的至关重要的因素。

一、聚焦客户需求，提供一体化解决方案

新型冷链企业往往在盈利模式不清的时候，为了构建进入壁垒采取了规模化，但无法通过短期的业务增长提高资源的利用率，从而使得回报周期过长，甚至会为此影响了战略判断。因此，冷链企业的发展需要有恰当的发展模式和管理模型。1.分两阶段实现发展目标与传统的冷链运输企业相比，新型冷链企业会更加关注与物产区农户的合作，而不仅仅是为了满足客户的.运输需求。新型冷链企业会从农户到消费者提供一体化的解决方案。“产”、销、配一体，从源头引入物美价优的产品，全环节把控产品质量，提高与物产区农户及消费者的黏性。从与物产区联盟到定制会耕种，从品质配送到建立全链条商业伙伴关系等，新型冷链企业将通过产区战略合作以及线上线下平台的伙伴合作定位发展目标，并通过分阶段实施以达成战略目标。2.仓网、店网一体化，构建伙伴型冷链平台新型冷链企业的仓网和店网是一体化的，建立仓网首先从功能上区分出产地仓和销售仓。对于产地仓应该与产地特产店等具有地方特色的门店建立起伙伴关系[1]，以此成为宣传的基础窗口；销售仓则与各类社区门店建立合作联盟，以此作为销售延伸。同时，社区门店也将成为承载最后一公里保鲜的主要资源。对于新型冷链店网，将会是一个开放的伙伴平台，能充分利用社会资源。个体工商户中只要添置专门的三温冷藏陈列装置即有可能成为店网伙伴。平台化的操作不仅能迅速成为销售的延伸、解决最后一公里配送问题，更重要的是能低成本利用重要的目的地段资源。3.发展流通生产加工技术，拓展发展空间中央冷库将成为未来冷链发展的神经中枢，农产品初深加工后再流通将可以逐步解决应季农产品销售期短、储存运输紧张、配送难等流通难题。此外，发展流通生产加工技术，可以高度融合线上平台以及仓网，提高与农户、终端销售商的黏度，有利于冷链企业削峰平谷、均衡化生产。随着生物技术、食品化学等相关学科的快速发展，农产品加工技术发展越来越快速，高新加工技术如微波技术、无菌贮存与包装技术、瞬间高温杀菌技术、真空冷冻干燥技术等在农产品生产与流通中得到了广泛应用。依托杀灭菌新技术的发展，产品流通对于低温抑菌保鲜的包装技术的依赖程度也将会降低，流通难度将会降低。从技术发展趋势来看，在果蔬加工中，为了保证果蔬的营养、新鲜、可口，除了传统的速冻、脱水、罐头产品之外，切割产品得到了广泛应用[2]；农产品加工开始向节能、环保、高效方面发展。在农产品深加工前沿，正在向分子水平发展，通过对原料功能成分、分子水平提取的利用，研制一些符合人体所需营养的保健食品，提高农产品精深加工技术，实现资源的综合利用。此外，随着高新技术的不断应用，加工设备越来越高新化，如无菌包装设备、多功能饮料罐装设备、速冻设备、膜分离设备等。当然，我国农产品加工技术和发达国家相较而言，还存在着一定的差距，这也恰好是新型冷链企业发展的机会。4.聚焦产前管理，打造基于国内物产的食品安全领军冷链企业食品安全已成为食品消费的首要关注要素，聚焦产前管理将会成为未来冷链发展的突破方向。以供港蔬菜为例，深圳检验检疫局数据显示，2016年深圳地区全年运送供港蔬菜万批，共万吨，同比上升10%。相信在未来的三到五年，以供港食品模式打造的食品产前管理将逐渐普遍，能在产前管理获得先机资源将会为冷链企业的发展提供更广阔的发展空间。图1尝试从业务发展的驱动因素，针对不同的发展阶段提供了发展策略。关键点体现在：与前端的种养殖农户建立生产合作伙伴关系，基于流通加工技术，以特产店、社区商店以及线上平台结盟等建立起全渠道的销售网络，从而建立起绿色健康的全新冷链生态。

二、立足具体、简单的实践理念

实施运营策略具体、简单的运营策略是取得成功的至关重要的因素，这里主要给出了以“产”定“销”，即通过将产地仓包干以及销售仓包销相互促进的方式，建立基本的运营的模型。然后通过项目型组织以产地（区别于客户和行业）的模式提供一体化的解决方案，最终建立起围绕仓经营的营运体系。当然，所有运营策略的成功都离不开高效、灵活的平台技术。图2描述了基于仓营销体系的运营体系，在此基础上通过“五力”（借用外力、发展新力、整合能力、激发能力以及优化内力）模型等管理技术实现经营目标。

三、结束语

冷链物流企业依靠提供运输服务的发展空间有限，具备依托新技术的发展提供一体化的解决方案，服务于提高居民生活质量，带动产区经济发展的新型冷链企业将会成为冷链企业获得未来发展空间的关键。因此，选择合适经营模式，提高冷链配送的质量，实施完善的冷链配送的技术，让冷链配送变得更简单、更实惠或许是一个正确有效的发展模式；无疑，本文为冷链企业发展策略、营运策略以及有效经营、健康发展提供了实践参考方向。

参考文献：

[1]田华，周瑞琪，朱柏青.发达国家冷链物流发展的成功经验及启示[J].价格月刊，2016，（04）：68-71.

[2]陈广，罗岚.生鲜农产品冷链物流中的食品安全问题研究[J].物流技术，2013，32(12)：81-83.

Cold-chain logistics food safety monitoring system First, the system background Is a huge cold-chain logistics system, is the meat, fresh milk, such as the need for refrigeration of food, in the production, storage and transportation, marketing, to consumption in every aspect of the former, provided always in low-temperature environment, in order to ensure food quality to reduce the loss of a food system project. In recent years, with China's vigorous development of modern logistics, cold chain and cold chain logistics concept has been increasingly concerned about the people. As food safety and quality of attention, food logistics become the focus of attention. Cold-chain logistics and transportation involved in hundreds of foods, different foods on the temperature and the vehicle configuration requirements are different and how to achieve best practice, reduce wastage, improve efficiency, China is still a lack of corresponding standards. To this end the company launched a long-range temperature-based RF card "cold-chain logistics of food safety control systems" solution Second, the system outlined The project plan based on issues of national scientific and technological support "model of modern logistics services", in order to radio frequency identification (RFID) technology as the core, combined with the use of GPS, GIS, GPRS, intelligent sensing and other advanced technologies, the establishment of cold chain monitoring network goods Container Logistics and public security monitoring platform, including cold-chain goods flow and the state of information collection terminals, real-time monitoring of vehicle terminals, remote monitoring and control platform for the three parts of cold-chain items to achieve a state of alarm monitoring and security, the whole process of cold-chain items retrospective information functions. 1. System RFID temperature: a temperature sensor is an electronic label, temperature sensor to collect the information to the electronic tags, electronic tags in the field to launch non-stop. Items installed in the container GPRS and LCD screen with a fixed reader: Yes, the message read labels, installed in the driving room, Controller: Control Alarm function Monitoring System: By constantly monitoring the system to changes in temperature within the container. 2. The working principle When the cargo is loaded on the train after the acquisition of real-time information collection container terminal temperature, humidity, status information, and from time to time to write containers of electronic labels, electronic labels constantly send out information, then the reader receives the information through the GPRS sent to the Control Center, in the driver's display can be seen in the temperature of goods. Remote monitoring and control of all of the information platform for receiving, storage, access and visualization of information to the form or to check the way, real-time transport and cold chain staff interact. 3. Products: Distance: 10 meters distance to read easily. Attendance because of physical conditions, can be set from the card reader. Stable operation: active-card reader from the stable, not easily affected by the surrounding environment. Channel isolation technology use, non-interfering multiple devices; Support high-speed mobile read: ID cards for mobile speed up to 200 km / hr. High reliability: ambient temperature -40 ℃ -85 ℃ completely normal to be able to run (MTBF ≥ 70000 hours), especially at low temperature in the North and the South is even more advantage of high-temperature state can be effective against the adverse environment of high air dust and rain and other pollutants as well as the environment, to ensure the normal use of equipment. Computing encryption and authentication to ensure data security, to prevent eavesdropping and data-link break; High anti-interference and lightning protection design: a variety of interference sources on the scene without special requirements to meet the requirements of industrial environment, easy to install. Open microwave global ISM band, there is no need to apply and pay. Ultra-low power: long life, with an average low cost, and on human security, a healthier, no radiation damage. Microwave modules can be configured work, adjustable transmit power; Identification of more than: You can also identify more than 200 marked, if the scene more and more than 200 marked, we have the means to deal with.