词汇方面的论文

sample 1:题目: English Vocabulary Learning Strategies (英语词汇学习策略)The mathematicians that study language and have lots of computing power are forming English language databases. These databases can be used for machine language translation, formulas to rank collocation, most used priority word lists, word grouping tendencies and other linguistics research. These frequency-based wordlists contain the words that are most used in English. Frequency-based wordlists can help you target specific English vocabulary by indicating which words you should try to learn first. Vocabulary analysis and summaries from the "Brown Corpus 1990". Table 1 Words - Percent of words in average text 86,741 - 43,831 - 15,851 - 6,000 - 5,000 - 4,000 - 3,000 - 2,000 - 1,000 - 10 - Table 1 shows us that in most written English just a few word types account for most of the English words in any text. Ten words account for % of the words on any page and just 1000 word families account for more than 70% of the words used. The ESL in Canada English Immersion camps experimented with the 1000 word lists and used them for the core vocabulary for spelling, poetry writing and public speaking contests. The constant reinforcement and repetition with variable context was quickly absorbed by the beginner students and greatly increased their confidence when speaking or writing. Altavista's Babelfish or Google by Systran machine translation performs with an error rate of 20 to 30 percent. The large error rate is due to how a word's meaning varies with context. One example: "The spirit is willing but the flesh is weak" translated from English to Russian and back again only to yield "The vodka is good but the meat is rotten." So far Babelfish has 19 language pairs available and it has taken decades to develop language-pair rules for each of the 9,900 language word pairs. Some observations for language students and language teachers is the translation pool for just average translations is 9900 words. The big variable is context, which means that a word can be used in various formats: "formal, industry specific jargon, slang, idioms, act a different part of speech performing a different function within that particular meaning. If every word has an average of five context variables then the student really has to learn 50,000 items. As final conclusions: second language learning takes time and effort and there should be plenty of translation jobs for the next 20 years if you are willing to invest the seven to nine years to be proficient. In the following example the word "weather" can be used in about eight different contexts and be used to mean, define or explain about thirty different situations or conditions. To properly study vocabulary students require background information and context. "Weather" As a NounDefinition 1. the state of the atmosphere at a particular place and time as characterized by sunshine, moisture, temperature, precipitation, and other Words: elements, climate Definition 2. unpleasant, turbulent, or violent atmospheric conditions. Example: We needed shelter from the weather. Similar Words: gale, elements, blow, windstorm , storm As a Transitive Verb Inflected Forms: weathered, weathering, weathers Definition 1. to dry, season, or modify by exposing to weather. Similar Words: season , dry Definition 2. to discolor, deteriorate, or harm by exposing to weather. Similar Words wash , rot , erode, deteriorate Definition 3. to endure past the end of; survive. Example Their marriage weathered the hard times. Synonyms: withstand , survive, stand, outlast , endure , ride outSimilar Words: overcome, surmount, outlive, sustain, braveAs an Intransitive Verb Definition 1. to resist deterioration when exposed to weather. Example: The colour has been able to weather the intense sun 2. to display the effects of exposure (deterioration or change in color)Similar Words: rot, corrode, fade, deteriorateAs part of Idiomatic ExpressionsPhrase used as an idiom: "under the weather" = sick or not well sample 2:题目: Using the keyword method to learn vocabulary(重点记忆学习法)The keyword mnemonic is undoubtedly an effective means of learning the words of a foreign language How well you remember depends on how well you learned them, not on whether you have learned the words using a keyword mnemonic or rote repetition or some other method Even using a keyword mnemonic, you still need to rehearse the information to be learned The keyword mnemonic is not always the best method of learning particular words Skilled learners may be best to use the keyword mnemonic selectively, for particularly difficult words The keyword mnemonic requires individual instruction and practice, to use effectively Using a verbal (sentence) link is at least as effective as an image, and is easier for many people Whether using a sentence or an image, the critical factor is that the keyword interact with the definition or own-language 3: 题目: experience of learning vocabulary and grammar (英语词汇及语法的学习经验) I could say what I’ve been instructed is a focus on deductive ways. In junior high school, my teacher listed out the key rules of each lesson and would did the fill-in the blank exercise in the class. Since I was not a quick thinker, what I could do was merely imitate the examples given by the teacher. This meant that I didn’t know “why” I was supposed to make a sentence in this days went to high school, the mode of instruction didn’t change much. The teacher would point out the crucial rules as well, but he didn’t do much practice in class. In the scope of vocabulary teaching, he just read through the words and sample must be curious about how I could last my interest in learning English under this way of instruction? I think what prompt me to keep on learning is owing to my highly motivated attitude. Because I like the language and its culture, I’ll do my best to learn it well through self-study. Though the inspiration from teachers is essential in some ways, the attitude of learners will be the momentum to maintain a lifelong don’t like the ways I’ve been taught because I learn the rules by rote-learning. Actually, I didn’t object the use of rote-learning. But, it should be under the condition of meaningful practice so that I know “why” the rules are supposed to be used in this way. As for the ways how I will teach in the future, I’m still struggling to explore my answers. No matter what, I will put much emphasis on learner-centered aspects and inductive teaching.

英语词汇学论文解决时间:2009-1-322:55我们学期末的论文,是有关词汇学的,就像什么近反义词区分啊,或者一个词在不同领域的不同应英语词汇学论文：

500字？ 小case拉

浅谈如何巧记英语单词词汇是英语学习的基础。目前许多学生在学习英语词汇时，缺乏对英语词汇的有效记忆，作为教师应该对此问题高度重视，在教学过程中对词汇教学进行有效性策略的研究和实践，让学生了解一定的构词法、拼读和拼写规律；掌握词语搭配、语境应用等技巧，使学生掌握科学有效的学习策略，形成良好的学习技能，提高他们对单词的记忆能力，为其终身学习打下良好的基础。下面笔者就来谈一些关于巧妙记忆单词的方法，供大家参考。一、学好音标记单词英语学习的第一站便是音标学习。对于学生来说，记单词往往占据了他们学英语的很多时间，而且英语教师为了教会学生读单词也花费了不少的课堂时间。这就显得音标的教学尤其重要。教会学生音标就等于教会学生如何学单词，而不用每天花大量时间给学生读音标，让他们认单词。音标注明了这个单词怎么读，相当于汉语中的拼音。音标可以帮助学生记录各种音素，各音素又对应着一定的字母，掌握了一定的规律，学生不仅可以看音标读单词，还可以听音拼写单词。首先，教师可以要求学生正确划分音节，找出元音字母及组合在单词中的发音，借助于录音进行拼读，这样在课堂上就不需要花太多时间去读单词。当学生听到一个陌生的单词时，可以用音标迅速记下它的发音，以便以后查询。其次，利用字母和字母组合的读音规则，让学生掌握单词的拼写形式，方便他们对于单词长期、大量的记忆。二、创设情境记单词英语课程的任务是激发和培养学生学习英语的兴趣，使学生树立自信心，养成良好的学习习惯和形成有效的学习策略，发展自主学习的能力和合作精神：使学生掌握一定的英语知识和听、说、读、写技能，形成一定的综合语言运用能力；培养学生的观察、记忆、思维、想象能力和创新精神：帮助学生了解世界和中西方文化的差异，拓展视野，培养爱国主义精神，形成健康的人生观，为他们的终身学习和发展打下良好的基础。 “创设有效的英语教学环境，增加学生的学习兴趣”是对英语课堂教学提出的要求之一，也是我们学习单词的有效途径之一。在英语词汇中，有许多单词在不同的句子和语境中表达出来的意义完全不同，正是由于词汇的多义性。所以讲授单词一定要放在一定的语境中，使学生知道什么时候使用这个词以及具体用法。然而，在实际教学中，有的教师为了贪图方便，只按照单词表一字不漏地教授单词，有些教师还成了“词典专家”，把每个单词的意义一个不少地抄给学生，然后让他们课后去背。这种把单词单独讲授，而脱离一定语境的教学方法，使许多学生觉得学习单词太枯燥无味，对单词渐渐失去了兴趣，久而久之，便产生了厌烦的心理。在这样的心理控制下，学生在学习时得不到快乐，尤其在遇到困难时，就会产生抵触心理，导致成绩下降，不理想的成绩又反过来加重了学生厌烦、抵触的心理。整个学习过程便由于教学方法的不当和不正确的学习态度而陷入了恶性循环。所以，教师一定要想方设法，巧设情境，激发学生学习单词的兴趣，从而提高学生的记忆效率。三、通过上下文记单词在英语单词中，常常会出现一词多义的情况，如果教师只教给学生一种意义，在以后的学习中学生就会很难理解该词的其他意思，进而对一些单词产生误解。例如，英语中的rice可译为稻、米、饭等，如果用“饭”来译词，学生就会以rice与有关的动词连用表示吃早饭、吃午饭等，而早餐、午餐等在英语中还有breakfast，lunch等另外的词。所以，简单地揭示词义显然是不够的，单单用这种方法很容易造成混乱。英语教师在教授单词时可根据上下文来教，使这个词多次出现，帮助学生理解这个词的意思。这样就会减少学生的迷惑，同时也能提高学生的单词记忆能力。四、巧猜谜语记单词学生都有好奇心和探索欲，如果教师把一些单词编成谜语，让学生猜出谜底，然后再教单词，就会引起学生学习新单词的欲望，提高学习兴趣。如在教单词“broom”时，我给学生的谜面是“不怕身上脏，墙角把身藏，出来走一走，地面光又光”。学生立刻猜出是扫帚，然后再教“broom”。当然这是用中文谜面，也可用英文的，教师可以有意识地收集一些这方面的谜语。通过这样的方式，学生乐于参与到教师的教学活动当中，从而提高教学效率。五、智力激励记单词所谓智力激励，又被称为头脑风暴，这种方法是由美国创造学家奥斯本于1939年首次提出的一种教学方法，其目的是向学生提供一个想象和思考的时间和空间，通过集思广益，激活学生头脑中各种相关的图式，如想法、概念、形象和印象等。在采用头脑风暴法时，通常围绕一个特定的话题，由教师作为指导者，鼓励学生积极思考，创造性地思维。这种训练方式调动了学生的学习积极性，使他们能在比较大的范围内寻找与所学词语相关的事物，培养了他们发散思维的能力，同时又能不断地在新情景中重现和运用所学的词汇，达到巩固词汇的目的。当然，英语词汇的记忆方法很多，为了使学生在学习词汇上既能学得有趣又能掌握得快，需要采用有效的、形式多样的教学方法。这就需要我们教师要多分析学情，因材施教，尽快让学生记忆单词，为他们英语水平的提高打下基础。“冰冻三尺，非一日之寒”。学生单词记忆能力的培养，非一日之功就能奏效。因此，在探索如何培养和提高学生单词记忆能力的过程中，我们要不断地学习，吸收英语教学理论，钻研教材，提高自身的业务素质，改进和完善英语精讲课教学，并引导学生真正参与到记忆实践中去，使学生获得独立的单词记忆能力，只有坚持不懈地努力，才能收到满意的效果。

摘要：在初中阶段的英语学习中，单词的学习是一个最基础最重要的一个部分。到了八年级，由于词汇量变大，很多学生因为记不住单词而渐渐失去学习英语的兴趣。老师在通过游戏和活动等方式调动学生的学习兴趣之外，更应该加强学生学法的指导和引导，打通阻碍学生英语单词学习的几道难关，使学生学会主动记忆单词，让他们能在英语学习的道路上越来越轻松，越来越有信心。关键词：英语单词，语音，多媒体，记忆在八年级的英语教学中，学生的词汇的学习有不少难关：第一，读音方面，相当一部分学生往往还用汉语来拼读英语单词而没有利用读音来记单词。第二，对记忆单词没兴趣没信心。第三，在记忆单词的时候，机械记忆，不会应用，容易忘记。于是，部分学生越来越感觉到词汇的记忆已成为学习英语的一大障碍，逐渐对英语产生惧怕的心理，甚至产生厌学情绪。如何来帮助学生过关呢？第一、打通语音难关