母语负迁移的论文答辩

口语教学，网络教学

英语专业论文答辩陈述范文

在学习和工作中，大家都写过论文吧，借助论文可以有效训练我们运用理论和技能解决实际问题的的`能力。相信很多朋友都对写论文感到非常苦恼吧，下面是我收集整理的英语专业论文答辩陈述范文，仅供参考，希望能够帮助到大家。

Good morning, all appraiser committee members. I am… and my supervisor is …

With her constant encouragement and guidance, I have finished my paper Now, it is the show time. I will present my efforts to you and welcome any correction. The title of my paper is An Analysis of the Influence of Popularity of Western Festival in China in Respect of Culture Diversity.

I choose this as my topic due to the following reasons. With the development of reform and the expanding of foreign exchanges in China, western festivals gradually become a fashion in China. It has a special and extensive influence on our culture diversity and the values of young people. Foreign festivals are celebrated for fun in China today and give people more opportunities to relax. However, many people worry about this phenomenon, so in the Internet and newspaper, many articles hold an opinion that western festivals should not be celebrated in China. So I want to know whether the popularity of western festivals only take disadvantages for China.

This paper aims to find out the underlying reasons of popularity of western festivals in China and their influences on our cultural diversity so as to guide people out of the wrong region inwardly and roster Chinese festival culture with an active attitude. That is, to absorb the foreign reasonable factors and use it. At the same time, we should exam and reform the unsuitable things with an epoch perspective so that we can meet the coming of the universal civilization.

Meanwhile, as a English major, learning western festival culture is important to the study of English. But in order to improve our culture awareness and language skills, we should know the western festivals origin connotation and influence so that we can work smoothly in the field of cross-cultural communication. Meanwhile, we should also understand deeply not only the western festival culture but also Chinese traditional culture and its festivals.

Next, it is an outline of my paper. In the main part of this paper, I divide it into five parts.

The first part introduces the background of popularity of western festivals in China and the meaning of researching.

The second part is about analyzing the result of the questionnaire of the investigation and drawing a conclusion that western festivals are quite popular but they don’t influence the leading position of tradition festivals; what’s more, they are helpful with cultural diversity.

The three part studies the reasons of popularity of western festival in China.

Analysis on the Influence of the Popularity.

Great Impact on Chinese Traditional Festivals.

Impact on Cultural Diversity.

The Correct Attitude to the West Festival in Cultural Diversity Part six draws some conclusions that the popularity of western festivals in China is just outward phenomenon and traditional festivals are still playing an important role in people’s daily life. However, everything has two sides. We do not receive all the popularity of western festival cultures, and we shouldn’t ignore our own festival cultures. The appropriate attitude may be “Remove the dross while keeping the essence”! Western cultures can serve for the development of our own cultures.

首先，你的问题就有问题，负迁移指的是一种学习对另一种学习的干扰作用，对外汉语教学中，目的语是汉语，所以，对外汉语中的负迁移是母语负迁移，而不是目的语负迁移。如，英语为母语的人士学习汉语，总是想用英语的发音来说汉语，这就是母语（英语）对学习目的语（汉语）所产生的负迁移。在第二语言学习过程中，母语的负迁移的影响是肯定存在的，我们可以采用纯汉语环境的教学法，让学生沉浸在目的语环境中，从而减少母语使用频率，母语负迁移会有所减少，平时多看汉语的电视节目、交中国朋友等，培养语感。母语负迁移并不是要刻意去避免的，过多的强调母语同汉语的区别反而会使学生加深对错误的记忆，但当我们发现学生的母语负迁移已经形成体系，一错就是一串的时候，就应当和学生说清楚汉语同他的母语的区别在哪里，这个时候再来强调，提醒他注意。如：滥用被字句，英语句子“The paiting is exhibited in the hall”，这里是一定要用被动句的，但是汉语中，我们说”画展览在大厅里“，不会用被字句，当你发现学生成体系地把所有的类似的句子都说成被字句的时候，你就要告诉他，汉语和英语是不同的，汉语中的被字句主要是用来描写说话者不愿意看到的事情，或不希望发生的事情，并不是所有英语中的被动句都要翻译成被字句，但是如果学生只有一两次说错了，你大可不必纠正。随着学生汉语水平提高，母语负迁移的情况自然会减少。

负迁移主要是指在学习英语的过程中，汉语习惯会潜意识对英语产生影响，雅思写作语言的具体运用是考生对词汇、语法的掌握情况，所以大家在雅思写作过程中一定要积累一定的雅思写作词汇，语法等。

1. 母语负迁移

迁移(transfer)一般指的是在第二语言习得的过程中，先学得的知识和经验对后来学习所产生的影响。迁移分为两种：一种是当第一语言与第二语言在语素或句法等方面类似或一样，对后者的学习会产生促进作用(正迁移);反之就是负迁移(negative transfer)，也称做干扰(interference)。在中国考生准备雅思考试的过程中，负迁移主要指的是因汉语与英语属不同的语系，在词汇、句法、思维模式及文化背景等方面存在很大差异，而在英语学习中，汉语的习惯会自动地首先出现在学习者脑中，潜意识中对英语产生影响，尤其体现在书面产出上。

2.英语写作中的负迁移现象

语言的迁移可体现在目标语言的各个方面， 英语写作是语言的具体运用，所以它能体现学习者对词汇、句法、语篇等各个方面的掌握情况，同时也能反映出在这几个方面汉语的负迁移影响。

)在词汇方面

由于历史背景不同，英汉词汇不可能完全对照，所以有些词汇在意义和用法上可能存在差异，这样就可能出现各种现象，如：

冠词缺省：如表达某一类事物时，要么用不定冠词a/an，要么在名词后面加复数形式s/es，但汉语中无些表达，所以学习者往往忘掉。

动词的人称、数和时态和语态的形式等变化形式是汉语中没有的，所以学习者也容易忘记或用错，尤其在图表分析中，时态比较混乱的现象很普遍。议论文中被动语态的表达也是考生不善于运用的一项，过多的主动语态往往削弱文章的正式性。

搭配不当或意义混淆：如“接电话”往往译成receive the call，而正确的表达应为 answer the call，“不论文化水平的高低”往往将“education”和“culture”相混。

此外议论文中的“有”除具体的某个人“有”某物以外，基本上都是there be，而不应用have。

助动词will, be going to主观性太强，在雅思的第二篇文章中应多用be to do替换; 而sb. can多换成there is possibility that…; 至于should, must等情态词也因语气过于强硬而多换成更客观的It is necessary / imperative that sb…。.的表达形式。

)句法迁移

英语中一个有效的句子只能是主语加一个谓语动词，而汉语是一种意合的表达，只要语意相关，逗号可以连接两个单句。这样就造成了写作中常出现碎句和句子粘连现象，如：

Mobiles are very popular nowadays. Because they are very convenient。

第二个小句只有从句，不能单独成句。

It was raining hard, they could not continue their work。

这两个句子在英语中各有谓语动词，所以应由so连接成并列句，或在第一句前加上because变成从句。

此外雅思写作中悬垂限定结构也是考生们不自觉的出错之处，这也是因为汉语的表达习惯。如：

To draw a map, the location is quite clear。

第三个常受汉语影响的句法方面是主语意识的淡化，表现在两篇写作中动词的随意陈列，或that引导主语从句中that的省略，如：

Next discuss the number of Australia in annual income。

Families keep the old has its own advantage and disadvantage。

)语篇的迁移

主要体现在议论文的开头模仿汉语的迂回，不能直接点题，如：As to the problem of…, some people think.. while others believe that… I think…

此外还有语篇结构上采用汉语的归纳式，而常见的英语逻辑是先提出主题句然后辅以论据的演绎式。汉语语篇注重意合，形式较散，其逻辑联贯是隐含的，所以影响到议论文的写作中往往是简单句的罗列，句型单调，结构松散，逻辑关系不清楚。而雅思写作，尤其是学术类的写作中考的就是能否有条理地分析或论证某个客观事物，这也是考官的一个很重要的评分依据。

3 .对策

文章中提到的几个关于汉语对英语书面产出的负面影响是比较普遍的，希望考生们能引起重视。此外在平时的阅读中应注意比较和借鉴英语中的词汇和句法以及语篇方面和汉语的不同，在写作练习中应有注意留出一定的时间有针对性地修改。