主题商业街区论文

1发展时间短，经验不足。郑州特色商业街区建设在2000年开始，此后虽有发展但一直没有规范化要求。直到 2009年,郑州特色商业街区的建设才走上规范化发展的道路。这与上海、北京等先进城市相比起步晚了很多。杭州在2000年底,已经在传统商业街的基础上改造出了4 条特色街区。2005 年底,杭州市特色街区增至 10条。2009 年底,杭州市特色街区达到 12条,其中有7条人选国家级著名商业街和特色商业街。由于起步晚，郑州市在特色商业街区的建设规划、管理模式、宣传和资金保障等方面的经验还十分欠缺。2.经济发展水平比较落后。一个地区经济的发展固然要靠自身的努力，但与偶然的历史因素也有重要关联。一项重大项目或经济活动的展开,对当地经济的发展必然产生深刻的影响，甚至会改变区域的实力对比,影响区域差异。河南发展经济的基础条件比铰优越，但改革开放后三轮的国家倾向性扶持政策，使河南与其他省份的经济发展水平差距越来越大。国家一直把河南定位在农业大省、人口大省的位置，但在一定程度上忽视了河南商贸业等领城的发展。月前河南整体经济发展水平远远落后于沿海发达省份。虽然郑州作为河南省的省会，在经济发展水平上领先于河南其他地市，但与发达省份的省会城市相比还有较大差距，制约着郑州商贸业的发展，成为特色街区建设的短板。

历史文化街区景观环境改造设计探究论文

1概况

双龙巷位于开封市老城区的东偏北一带，拥有优越的交通网络和地理条件，处于人流散集的边缘地带。双龙巷传统民居保护区规划范围北至东棚板街，南至财政厅东街、平等街，西至北兴街、右司官口，东至内环路，面积。双龙巷保护区内的四合院住宅对开封市古城风貌保护、历史文脉的延续起着重要作用。该地段现存张坊故居、陈慰儒等名人故居，另外还有白衣阁、观音寺等宗教建筑群，是一个有丰富历史内涵的完整的历史街区，一直以来都被认定为开封不可或缺的重要历史地段。

2在景观改造设计上面临的问题

如何挖掘双龙巷的传统价值，保持老街的历史繁华风貌和内涵肌理

双龙巷是开封古城内传统风貌留存最多，规模最大的历史街区，历史上开封人文荟萃，商贾云集，繁华尽显之地。如何在设计上融入这些历史文化元素，并且有机结合到当代，使历史的延续和更新有机结合在一起，是设计首要面临的问题。

如何在业态比较丰富的老街上保持原有的生活气息

双龙巷街区定位是集旅游、商业、酒店、餐饮、娱乐等为一体的综合性街区，为契合这些业态和功能，同时又要保持双龙巷原有的生活气息，让当地居民依旧保留原有的生活方式。这就必须在景观设计时综合考虑多方面的因素，以满足不同的功能和业态需求。

3景观环境改造设计的探讨

确立鲜明的“龙”“、宋”主题

双龙巷因宋太祖、宋太宗而得名，双龙巷的景观也以这两兄弟开启大宋为主题。尝试讲述从宋太祖开国到定国、治国的历史，到后来大宋辉煌的历史成就。景观建设强调双龙街关于“龙”、“宋”的元素，展现千年大宋的伟大成就，包括科技、人物、艺术等方面。

还原街巷空间肌理

延续历史街巷，恢复传统街巷空间结构，创造小尺度的开放空间融入历史肌理。双龙巷主巷全长520m左右，这个长度是比较适宜人步行的尺度。每隔130m左右有1个开敞的公共活动空间，供游客驻足休憩，同时，依托这5个节点，向外延展，串联起周边巷道。

景观设计手法

双龙巷总体色调为青灰色，充分利用开封当地材料，街道铺装采用有历史感的条石和青砖为主。为烘托出双龙巷老街的气氛，铺装形式建议以采用大条石铺装为主，有利于雨水的及时排出，排水设施也都可以设置在条石下面，不会破坏街面的整体性。在支巷和一些小场景可加入小青砖，采用多变铺装组合方式丰富平面效果。在关键节点适当点缀具有一定意义的地雕。开封有着深厚的文化沉淀，特色传统元素更是举不胜举，活字印刷、火药、指南针、汴绣、官瓷、朱仙镇木板年画等。这些带着浓郁的宋文化特色的元素都可以成为文化元素融入街道景观。景观小品设计充分挖掘这些元素，采用仿古、做旧及情景再现的形式，更好地彰显双龙巷所承载的开封历史文脉。

种植设计

为保留双龙巷的老味道，确定现状树在满足市政管线建设的前提下全部保留；而对于现状树普遍缺少养护和修剪的情况，都应加以修剪整枝；更换树形不好的'现状树。双龙巷的街巷相对比较狭窄，缺乏大面积的绿地空间。为了尽量增加场地的绿量，必须采用规格相对较大的新栽树，大树的分支点也应超过3m，以免对沿街的建筑造成不利的影响。增加可移动式树箱，在增加绿化的同时又有灵活多变好组合的特点。在适当的地方亦可采取立体绿化的方式。

4结语

通过研究与探析开封双龙巷景观改造设计思路，更加明确在历史文化古街区景观设计中，一定要依据具体的环境构成条件，分析历史文化传承和现代的功能，协调好传统建筑与现代景观设计手法的统一和互补，协调好景观设施和传统老街生活气息的和谐关系。

From AmericanCulturalAssumption:16 American City Blocks would make one CountryMile. If they were in the country [meaning "countryside" or "rural areas"]. -- PhlIp -- How did you come to this conclusion?(Most?) American cities are laid out with 1/16 mile by 1/8 mile grids. (Metric equivalents: 100 meters by 200 meters.) Major streets are usually at 1/4, 1/2, or 1 mile intervals. (Metric equivalents: 400 meters, 800 meters, or km)Some exceptions: Midtown Manhattan (in New York City) has a rough 1/20 mile by 1/10 mile grid, with some avenues being twice that length at 1/5 neighborhoods (often called "suburbs") usually have grids of major streets, but the minor streets are often mazes instead of in Salt Lake City are 7 to the mile, in both dimensions. An oddball number, but the consistency (plus the use of numbers for all addresses) makes calculating distances city block is the distance between consecutive streets, running east-west, or avenues, running north-south. The Manhattan grid has about 20 streets per mile but only a few avenues per mile making it convenient to describe "short blocks" or "long blocks" (for blocks facing avenues or streets respectively). Portland, Oregon was laid out with most streets and avenues in a 200 foot grid, making more corner lots so that developers received more profit as corner lots command a higher exactly do you come to the conclusion that E-W is a 'street' and N-S is an 'avenue'? Last time I checked, 'street' is a road built up on either or both sides, and 'avenue' is a tree-lined road. [That's just the way numbered roads are laid out in Manhattan and some other places. It would surely be less confusing to use sets of numbers that don't conflict, particularly for visitors from places without that convention who don't suspect the vital significance in the "avenue" or "street" after the number, but that's how they named 'em.]There is no definition of how big it is. Each city block is just as big as it is. They aren't even all the same city block would typically be 1/16 to 1/8 of a mile, a football field is 300 feet, Labor Day is the first Monday after the first Sunday of September and is viewed as the end of summer many large eastern cities, a CityBlock is a standard 1/20 of a mile. That is, there is that much space between the centerlines of the streets in grid-platted parts of the in the SouthWest?, though, we have grids of "major" streets spaced about a mile apart, sometimes more, with minor streets running through them. Measurement in blocks is meaningless to me..In Idaho, as in many parts of the West, roads in farming country (at least the flat spaces) are often spaced a mile apart, and run directly N-S or E-W. The big exception is when roads follow geography like a mountain or river. A good rule of thumb for city blocks is 1/8 mile. The street address numbers almost always increment 1000 for every mile and 100 for every block. (If you're adding these up, remember, I said 1/8 is a rule of thumb!) The numbers increase from the center of the city, going assumptions, again. Outside the USA, and in many parts of the USA, a city block is not necessarily rectangular, or even close. Or even anything anyone would consider as denoting a given was under the distinct impression that the actual size didn't matter. It was merely a tool for giving informal directions ('Walk three blocks that way, then take a left and walk for three more blocks' means 'Walk by three main streets then go left and walk by three more main streets') or a general impression of size -something big. It is all very informal and I suppose every can see that from the discussion so far.