检测与加固论文300字

写作思路：可以根据现如今中国桥梁建设的发展水平进行阐述，可以从技术创新体制建设方面这个角度出发进行描述，中心要明确等等。

正文：

现如今，我国的桥梁建设事业飞速发展，如何利用现有的设备来满足人民对交通便利的需求，成为桥梁建设所要面对的主要问题。相信随着施工施工技术的发展、经验的积累及计算软件的普及，会出现更多更好的公路桥梁施工方法。

由于我国仍处于社会主义初级阶段，我国桥梁施工单位与其他一些企业一样，工作任务仍要靠上级直接下达命令，所要做的科研项目和技术改进还要靠有关部门立项拨款才可进行后续工作，而当桥梁施工完成后又往往束之高阁，只有一小部分能产生应有的可观效益。自从中国加入世贸组织以来，由于受国际关系的影响，我国桥梁建设行业与真正的国际标准要求还是存在很大的距离。这使得企业在桥梁施工的技术创新方面的紧迫感和积极性都大打折扣。

首先，在技术创新体制建设方面出现了缓慢进展的局势。虽然国家有关部门已经明令要求大型桥梁施工单位要建立以技术为中心的一种系统的创新体系，但仅仅有一小部分的企业响应了国家的号召，大部分桥梁施工单位仍选择维持旧有的施工技术体制，甚至有些企业仅仅在表面上建立了技术中心，而实际上却没有按新的体系运行。

其次，桥梁施工单位对技术创新工作的重视程度还是不够。由于施工建设市场的不完善和一些不良的施工风气的影响，许多人认为只要能拿下桥梁施工工程就可以把一系列的任务都能完成，这也就造成了他们重经营轻技术问题的产生。

除了以上两个方面，施工技术创新的投入还是不够。这也就导致了技术创新的积极性不够，多数桥梁施工单位对于科技的投入量不够，技术进步速度受到不同程度的影响，造成了产业升级相应滞缓。

施工人员可以利用强制式来对混凝土的拌制，需要注意的是拌制时间一定要达到施工要求，拌制时间既不能太长，也不能太短。因为搅拌时间如果过短，那么混凝土的混合将不会均匀，而搅拌时间如果过长，那么将会破坏混凝土原材料的结构。

同时，在混凝土搅拌的过程中，一定要严格的控制加水量和外加剂的用量。只有科学的控制水灰比例，减少混凝土的干缩量。只有把混凝土拌制均匀，才能达到混凝土的设计强度，从而满足桥梁施工的需要。

良好的混凝土施工技术不仅能降低混凝土内部的温度，还能减少混凝土的内外温差，这样会使由温度造成的裂缝产生几率得到降低。施工人员可以利用插入式振动器的振实来进行混凝土浇筑的过程，在这个环节，是不允许过振现象所导的混凝土表面粗、细集料离析而靠近模板的混凝土表面集料集中问题的出现，也要注意不可产生漏振而使混凝土表面产生麻面、蜂窝、孔洞、裂缝等质量问题。

在每次地振捣部位振动直到混凝土停止下沉不再冒出气泡、表面呈现平坦泛浆，才可以徐徐提起振动器。总之，混凝土的振捣应引起施工人员足够重视，只有混凝土振捣的结果符合要求，才能使桥梁的施工质量得到保证。

裂缝是桥梁施工的主要病害，那么对于防止裂缝产生的关键在于混凝土的养护。混凝土浇筑收浆完成后应及早进行洒水养护，保持混凝土表面处于湿润的状态。由于水泥在水化过程中产生很大的热量，混凝土空心板在浇筑完成后必须在侧模外喷水散热，以免混凝土由于温度过高，体积膨胀过大，在冷却后体积收缩过大产生裂缝。

在桥梁工程的施工期间，预应力的检查结果一切正常。但在后期的相邻标段的现浇梁施工时，却发现梁顶面的高程出现异常，这很可能是由于边墩顶内侧支座脱空造成的。在对桥梁预应力问题的处理中，桥梁施工单位面临着巨大的压力， 桥梁的基础、桥墩、现浇梁施工的各个工序都会造成预应力问题的发生。

在桥梁可以通车后，气温回升会造成桥梁弯处梁不同程度发生了支座脱空现象, 使桥面伸缩缝受到严重的损害而使路面无法正常行车。支座脱空的处理方法是十分困难和复杂的，需要将箱梁整体起顶后进行支座位移，同时要对墩帽及桥墩进行加宽处理，基础要增加钻孔桩。匝道被迫封闭，处理时间长达半年。

局部蜂窝问题的产生主要是因为混凝土结构强度大大降低了结构的严密性，其疏松的结构强度几乎达到了最低点。在桥梁的使用过程中，如果发生局部蜂窝问题，会导致它所承受能力极大地减少，并且遭受腐蚀而造成重大的损伤的几率更大，大大地降低了桥梁施工工程的承载力和耐久性。

现如今，我国的桥梁施工建设如火如荼，如何利用现有的施工技术来满足人民对交通便利的需求成为桥梁建设所要解决的主要问题。相信随着施工技术的发展、经验的积累，会出现更多更好的桥梁施工方法，为国家和人民的财产安全提供更有效的保障。

桩基础 has the widespread application domain, is the high-rise construction, the large-scale bridge, the deep water wharf as well as the marine petroleum platform and so on use main foundation form. In recent years, 桩基 the project quality question influence construction structure normal use and the safe instance were very many. The pile construction has the high hiding as well as the pile construction quality has very many not definite factor, looked from 基桩 the quality examination angle, the improvement examination method and the method, improve the examination work quality and the examination evaluates the result the reliability, to guarantees 基桩 the project quality and safely has the vital significance, also is 桩基 one of domain research hot low strain reflection method main function examines the pile body structure integrity, like the pile body flaw position judgement, 施工桩 long proofreading and the concrete intensity rank qualitative estimate and so on, the use obtains the reflected wave curve signal accurately to delimit breaks the pile body quality, removes the project hidden danger, to 基桩 the quality carries on the appraisal. This article has conducted the research to the Kelvin non-linearity elastic material 料桩 body integrity examination low strain reflected wave new method. Establishes the Kelvin non- line elastic material 料桩 question the unidimensional undulation new model; Produced has controlled the body the dynamic equation, the use unidimensional non-linear elasticity this construction relations infers the pile axial force and the axial strain relations, proposed the unidimensional non-linear elastic undulation question new algorithm; Uses the FORTRAN language coding, the value simulation 基桩 桩顶 speed (or displacement, acceleration) responds the time interval curve profile; Finally 基桩 builds each kind of profile storehouse to the complete existence question, will use in 基桩 the complete examination service for later. As well as low strain reflection method; The pile body integrity examines 2 words

你去找下（土木工程、或者、交通技术）吧~

A foundation has the extensively applied realm, is key figures building, large bridge, deep wharf of water and sea the petroleum terrace main foundation form that etc. recent years, a engineering quantity problem influence building structure of the case of the normal usage and safety is a lot construction of the stake have the concealment of the height and the construction quantity of the stakes contain a lot of indeterminations factor, seeing from the angle of a quantity of examination, the method and meanses of the improvement examination, the credibility that the exaltation examination work quantity and examinations assess the result, have the important meaning towards the quantity and safeties that insure an engineering of , is also a research heat of realm to order it a. The low contingency reflect a function with main method is to examine a body structure integrity, if a body blemish position judgment, construction the stake grows to check to settle sex to estimate the etc. with the concrete strength grade, making use of to measure glint a curve signal rows to break a body quantity accurately, expeling the engineering to suffer from, carrying on the evaluation to the quantity of the stake of . This text to the Kelvin not the glint a new method of low contingency of the flexible material a body of line complete sex examination carried on the research. Build up the new model of the Kelvin non- line flexible material an a of the problem motion;Give square distance of the control dynamics of the body, make use of a 维 not the line flexibility originally 构 the relation deduce a stalk toward dint and stalks toward emergency relation, putting forward a not the line flexibility undulates new calculate way of problem;Adopt the FORTRAN language establishment procedure, the number imitates a speed( or move, acceleration) to respond to a form of the timing curve;Exist an establishment of of problem to rise various form database to the integrity finally, is hereafter used for a complete sex examination service. And low contingency glint a method;A body integrity examines 2 phrases

只要是桥梁工程类的学术论文就行

低应变反射波法Low Strain Reflection Wave Method桩身完整性检测Inspection of pile integrity桩基础|pile foundation高层建筑 High-rise buildings(分类词汇：环境资源相关 )大型桥梁super-large bridges 深水码头Deep Water Wharf海上石油平台Offshore oil platform建筑结构building structure施工construction非线性弹性材料nonlinear elastic materials桩基工程质量问题这篇虽然是科技论文，但是我觉得他翻译成“pile foundation quality question”很不妥当，我将他修改成problems of pile foundation quality,，从汉语语法之角度考虑，这里的问题两个字是多余的，去掉更好，你自己看看吧！不确定性因素Incertitude Factors基桩Foundation Pile隐蔽性(Impercephbility)axial strain轴向应变研究热点research hotspot(也有用point的)桩身缺陷位置 positions of pile defects定性估计 qualitative estimation混凝土强度等级concrete strength gradethe signal of reflected_wave curve反射波曲线信号工程隐患Project Concealed Harzard一维波动模型one-way fluctuant model控制体(control volume),本构关系 constitutive relationFORTRAN语言编制程序program written in FORTRAN language响应时程曲线波形时程曲线response time history curvePile foundation is widely used as the main basic structure of high-rise buildings，super-large bridges，deep water wharf and Offshore oil platform. During recent years，there are many bases of pile foundation quality affecting the normal working and safety of the building structures. Pile construction has high impercephbility and whose quality presents many incertitude factors，from an angel of qualitative inspection of the foundation piles, it has important significance for ensuring the quality and safety of foundation pile projects to modify the inspection methods and improving the inspection quality and the reliability of inspection & assessment results，it is also one of the research hotspots in foundation pile field. The main functions of low strain reflection wave method is to inspect the pile integrity, such as the judgment of pile defects positions, the checkout of pile lengths, and the qualitative estimation of the concrete strength grade，the judgment of the pile quality using the signal of reflected_wave curve accurately, the elimination of the project concealed harzard，and the estimation of foundation pile quality. This paper studied on the low strain reflection wave method for measuring of pile integrity made of Kelvin nonlinear elastic materials, set up a new one-way fluctuant model to treat the problems of piles made of Kelvin nonlinear elastic materials, gave out a dynamics equation of control volume，and induced the relation between pile axial forces and axial strain using the constitutive relation of one-way nonlinear elastic materials, put forward a new calculation method for the fluctuation of one-way nonlinear elastic materials, simulated the pile-top speed response time history curve (or displacement, acceleration) numerically using program written in FORTRAN language, finally the author set up a curve database of the foundation piles existing integrity problem for the integrity inspection of foundation piles in the future.