中小企业融资论文英文文献

研究中小企业融资要参考的英文文献英文图书和期刊类文献：[1]Allen ,“Relationship Lending and Lines of Credit inSmall FirmFinance,”Journal of Business,.(1995),．[2]Aghion,P.,Incomplete contracts approach to financial contracting,Review ofEconomics Studies,1992,．[3]Albertode，M.& of capital structure:new evidencefrom Spanish Panel data[J].Journal of Corporate Finance，2001，(7):77-99．[4]，，，，，2001，“DoesFunction Follow Organizational Form?Evidence from the Lending Practices ofLarge and Small Banks”,Board of Governors of Federal Reserve SystemWorking Paper．[5]Azam, and and Formal Credit Marketsand Credit Rationing in Cote D’Ivoire,Oxford Review of Economic Policy,2001,17(4),520-532.[6]Bernanke, the Black Box:The Credit Channel ofMonetary Policy Transmission[J].Journal of EconomicPerspectives,1995,(9);27-48．[7]Barbosa,E.&Moraes,C.,Determinants of the Firm’s Capital Structure:theCase of the Very Small Enterprises,Working Paper from Econpapers，2003,366-358。[8]Barton，， strategy and capital structure[J].Strategic Management 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Small Business Data,the Journal of Finance,1994,XLIX,3-37.[49]Petersen, Credit:Theories and Evidence,theReview of Financial Studies,1997, 3,661-691.[50]Piero Works and Correspondence ofDavid Ricardo:Volume 1[M].Cambridge:AtThe University Press,1951．[51]Rajan，， do we known about capital structure?Someevidence from international data[J].Journal of Finance，1995，(l):1421-1461．[52]RobertM Bowen,et al,1982,Evidence on The Existence and Determinants ofInter-Industry Differences in Leverage[J].Financial .[53] determination of financial structure:The incentive signalingapproach,Bell Journal of Economics,1977,．[54]Saring,Oded H...Bargaining with a Corporation and the Capital Structure ofBargaining Firm[J].Journal of Financial Economics,1984,(17).[55]Scott，，secured debt and optimal capital structure[J].Journalof Finance，1977，(32):1-19.[56]Smith, Investment opportunity set and corporatefinancing,dividend and compensation Polices[J],Journal of FinancialEconomics3,1992,20-27[57]Stiglitz，J.&Weiss， 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提供一些有关中小企业融资问题的外文文献，供写作参考。[1] Allen N Berger, Gregory F Udell. The Economics of Small Business Finance:The Role of Private Equity and Debt Markets in Financial Growth Cycle .Journal of Banking and Finance, 1998, (22) . [2] Modigliani, F, and Miller, M. h. The cost of capital, corporate finance and the theory of investment .American Economic Review, 1958, (6) :261-297 . [3] Mallick, R,&Chakrabotty, A. Credit gap in small business: Some New Evidence[J] .Working Paper from Econpapers. 2002, . [4] OECD. A Framework for the Development and Financing of Dynamic Small and Medium Sized Enterprises in Turkey .2005,7, (7) . [5] Peterson, M,Rajan, . The Benefits of firmcreditor relationship: Evidence from small business data .Journal of Finance, 1994, (49) :3-37 . [6] SBA. White Paper of Small Business Administration(1998-2000) .the US Government Printing Office, . [7] Kane,. Accelerating inflation,technological innovation,and the decreasing effectiveness of banking regulation .The Journal of Finance36,355-367. 1981, . [8] Goss D. Small Business and Society .Routledge. 1991, . [9] Samuelson L. Evolutionary Games and Equilibrium Selec-tion[M] .1997, .

传统的智慧认为不足的中小企业融资是植根于"供方"功能很大程度上。 就是金融机构的运作的方式对提供中小企融资偏见 ； 作为结果很多银行及其它财务机构成为中涉及与中小型企业不感兴趣。 传统视图中突出显示多个因素，可能会限制金融机构。 若要开始，因为它们很难确定公司是否有能力 （既有可行的项目） 的薪酬和/或 （由于向道德风险） 支付意愿的 意味着中小企融资难。 此 opaqueness 特别是削弱贷款从想从事更非人格化的机构或手臂长度融资的需要努力，目标和透明的信息。 第二，相对于大的公司中小企是更容易不拘特别在发展中国家。 这不仅使 opaqueness 糟糕的却也带来了更多的障碍和风险中小企业 ，例如，银行不能借给中小型企业，更会保证公司不会报告可靠地他们全面金融活动对其财务 再说，如果 informality 表示该公司有 unrecorded 或有高级负债政府和自己的员工。 面对这种风险： 税和/或劳动部门可能会导致这类责任具体化，银行会借少为中小型企业或收取更高的风险溢价。(不好意思，有些词不会翻译。- -~~）

Small Business Loan 101Essentials of Small Business LoanFrom Naurys Marte, for a small business owner, your most difficult task is finding the money to operate your business. Taking the necessary steps to prepare for a small business loan can minimize the difficulty. Learn what you need to know to clinch the loan and other lending institutions cite risk factors as their main reason for turning down small business loan requests from startup businesses. Yet, you can still get a loan for your business by proper the common error of thinking you can start with grants from the government and community agencies. It is even more unlikely than getting the money from your own savings, family, friends, or a main requirements of attaining a small business loan are your personal credit history, business plan, experience, education, and feasibility of the business you are starting or most important task to obtain a small business loan is preparing a business plan. The business plan needs to show the lender that providing you with a small business loan is a low-risk proposition. Your business plan must answer the questions a lending institution would ask. These questions usually are:How much money do you need?If you are starting a business, this should be included at least in the start-up capital estimate. Accuracy is important, so request enough money to invest are you going to do with the money?You will have to provide, in detail, the designated use of every dollar requested. A small business loan is often needed for: operations (new employees, marketing, etc.), assets (equipment, real estate, etc.), or to pay off business will you repay the small business loan?Explain in detail how this small business loan will serve as a stepping-stone for your business. You will need to convince the lender (with your financial statements and cash flow projections) that you are able to repay the loan through the expected long-term profitability of your will you do if you don't get the loan?Let lenders know that rejection will not discourage you from starting or growing your business. You want to portray a confident and determined personality and you will try lender after lender until you receive the money you need to get your business a small business owner, you will need a certain degree of fortitude. Be confident and proud of your venture. Let lenders know you are in control and know what's best for you and your business. Understand that lending institutions need to make loans. But if you don't get one, don't get discouraged. Ask the lender why you didn't get the small business loan. Learn from the answer, move on, and try other Women's Venture Fund is a resource for women in business who need money and training to expand their venture for New York or New Jersey businesses. To learn more about the Women's Venture Fund call or visit Business Loan ResourcesGetting a Small Business LoanSmall Business Banking 101New Rules of Small Business FinancingSmall Business Information ResourcesEmail Guide: Darrell ZahorskyArticles Reprint PermissionSubmit Articles to Small BusinessRelated Articles* Getting A Small Business Loan - Making A Winning Business Loan Presentation* How To Get A Small Business Loan* Get a Business Loan - How to Apply for a Small Business Loan* Before You Apply for a Business Loan* Business Loans - Preparation for Application for Business Loans