skills论文模板

Nowadays, there is a widespread concern over (the issue that)___作文题目______. In fact, there are both advantages and disadvantages in __题目议题_____. Generally speaking, it is widely believed there are several positive aspects as follows. Firstly, ___优点一______. And secondly ___优点二_____.

Just As a popular saying goes, "every coin has two sides", __讨论议题______ is no exception, and in another word, it still has negative aspects. To begin with, ___缺点一______. In addition, ____缺点二______.

To sum up, we should try to bring the advantages of __讨论议题____ into full play, and reduce the disadvantages to the minimum at the same time. In that case, we will definitely make a better use of the ____讨论议题___.

英语作文模板：议论文的框架

(1) 不同观点列举型（ 选择型 ）

There is a widespread concern over the issue that __作文题目_____. But it is well known that the opinion concerning this hot topic

varies from person to person. A majority of people think that _ 观点一________. In their views there are 2 factors contributing to this attitude

as follows: in the first place, ___原因一, in the second place, ___原因二_____. So it goes without saying that ___观点一_____.

People, however, differ in their opinions on this matter.

Some people hold the idea that ___观点二_______. In their point of view, on the one hand， ___原因一_______. On the other hand, ____原因二_____. Therefore, there is no

doubt that ___观点二______.

As far as I am concerned, I firmly support the view that __观点一

或二______. It is not only because ________, but also because _________. The more

_______, the more ________.

（2）利弊型的议论文

Nowadays, there is a widespread concern over (the issue that)___作文题目______. In fact, there are both advantages and disadvantages in __题目议题_____. G英语作文模板：说明利弊题型

这种题型往往要求先说明一下现状，再对比事物本身的利弊，有时也会单从一个

角度（利或弊）出发，最后往往要求考生表明自己的态度（或对事物前景提出预测）

1． 说明事物现状

2． 事物本身的优缺点（或一方面）

3． 你对现状（或前景）的看法

Nowadays many people prefer A because it has a significant role in our daily life.

Generally, its advantages can be seen as follows. First ----------------(A的优点之一). Besides -------------------（A的优点之二）.

But every coin has two sides. The negative aspects are also apparent. One of

the important disadvantages is that ----------------(A的第一个缺点)．To make matters worse,------------------(A的第二个缺点)．

Through the above analysis, I believe that the positive aspects overweigh the

negative ones. Therefore, I would like to ---------------(我的看法)．

(From the comparison between these positive and negative effects of A, we

should take it reasonably and do it according to the circumstances we are in.

Only by this way, ---------------(对前景的预测)．

英语写作是一种创作性的学习过程。启动知识信息储存，构思立意，谋篇布局，遣词造句，对语言表达的正确性和准确性、思维的逻辑性和文章的条理性都比口语要求更高。

高考英语写作有以下几个特点：紧扣教学大纲对考生书面表达的要求;以有指导的写作为主，便于考生在短时间内构思成文;突出试题的交际性，考查考生在特定的情景中运用语言的能力;增强试题的实用性，所选话题贴近学生学习生活，为学生所熟悉;看图作文主要考查考生运用所学知识解决实际问题的能力。

英语写作注意两点

一、先审题，弄清写作要求审题是写好作文的前提，也是书面表达的基础。如果写偏了题，语言表达再好也很难得高分。审题时要注意两个方面：

1.认真地看两遍题目，包括提示，全面了解写作要求。

2.理清思路，确定体裁、框架结构和内容。

二、用英语进行思维英语写作时必须排除汉语思维的干扰。从现在起应逐渐加大阅读量和听的输入量，将阅读、听力训练与书面表达有机地结合起来。经常体会和领悟作者传递信息和表达思想的方式。在话题讨论和写作中经常运用所学到的表达方式就会有所创造。还要尽量做到“五多”：多看、多听、多思考、多用心体验和感悟身边的人和事、多用英语说和写自己的体验和感受。

最后一个月如何训练英语写作

1.重视增加阅读量是提高英语写作的途径之一。

目前，考生在进行大量阅读的同时，应注重所读材料的文章结构以及连接词的运用(ontheotherhand,however,furthermore)、作者的表达方式(词汇、习惯用语和典型句子的使用)、作者是如何进行叙述和议论的。

2.在教师的指导下，平时应勤写多练。

练习写作应从基本功抓起。在中译英翻译训练过程中，加强积累适量的词汇、词组和增加各种类型句子的运用。把握好各种句型和词汇的搭配，并从各类题材和体裁着手，多阅读好的范文。然后模仿写作，作文写好之后，一般都要修改。第一遍收笔后，先看一看结构，然后从字词上推敲，使文章“充实”起来。更重要的是经老师修改过的作文一定要仔细地看一至两遍，然后再认真地抄写一遍，收获将会很大。

英文写作“四步走”

由于时间限制，高考时一般在15分钟左右必须完成英语作文。高考的英语作文步骤如下：

1)作文动笔之前一般都要先打腹稿。在确立中心上、运用材料上、篇章结构上，充分酝酿。

2)考虑好想写多少句子，该用哪些动词和词组等。

3)边写边思考内容的连贯性，语言和句子的准确性。

4)写完后一定要再细看一遍。

主要体裁作文写作技巧

(一)写提示议论文应考虑的几点：1.文章开头，能依据提示确立主题句(topic)阐明观点或看法。

1.会使用连接词分层次说明理由、缘由(supportingsentences)。

2.归纳总结，首尾呼应。

(二)看图作文应考虑的几点：1.看懂图片，把图片展示的人物、地点、时间、事件等有机地串联起来，使之成为内容连贯的句子。

1.确定短文须用的时态和该用的人称。

2.确定体裁(说明文还是记叙文)，接着用简洁的语句描述图片或图表大意。

3.根据图片或图表大意议论。

广东卷

第一节 基础写作(共1小题，满分15分)

你很荣幸地成为2008北京奥运会的一名志愿者，负责编写奥运比赛项目的英语介绍。

写作内容

请根据以下中文提纲，编写射击项目的英语介绍：

背景：射击最初只是生存工具，19世纪末才发展成为一项体育运动。

1896：第一次成为奥运项目

1904：中断

1928：中断

1932：重回奥运会

1968：第一次允许妇女参加奥运射击比赛

现状：稳步发展，1896奥运会只有三项射击项目，现今有17项。

写作要求

只能使用5个句子表达全部内容

评分标准

句子结构准确，信息内容完整，篇章结构连贯。

第二节 读写任务(共1小题，满分25分)

阅读下面的短文，然后按照要求写一篇150词左右的英语短文。

Hi, I am Mike. I just went through my first year of college. The toughest part on me at first was the general adjustment. I went to a very small high school where my mom was a teacher and she did practically everything for me. But at the college I needed to know some basic life skills, such as balancing a check-book, laundry, and the things you have to be able to handle that I never thought of in the high school! It was really tough for me at first and I got badly homesick.

Once that first semester was over and I got used to the college life, I loved it---good facilities, helpful instructors, and a good library. The Students' Union organizes various parties every week. I also go to cinemas and concerts, and often spend Saturday nights in pubs and clubs.

One thing I think is important is to get yourself active in things. I was on the dance team in college and met a ton of people that way… it was so much easier to make friends when you had a common ground.

写作内容

学校最近组织了一次中美学生交流活动，你参加其中的"大学校园生活"讨论。听完Mike的发言之后，你准备写一份发言稿，题目是"Preparing Myself for College Life"，内容要点包括：

1、以约30个词概括Mike的发言要点;

2、然后以约120个词谈谈你理想的大学生活，内容包括：

(1)对中学生活的感受;

(2)理想的大学生活;

(3)中学生活和大学生活的差别，以及你打算如何适应。

写作要求

1、在作文中可以使用自己亲身的经历或虚构的故事，也可以参照阅读材料的内容但不得直接引用原文中的句子;

2、作文中不能出现真实姓名和学校名称。

评分标准

概括准确，语言规范，内容合适，篇章连贯。

考研英语 看图作文范例点评：本分变“承诺”

看图作文在英语作文中是大家普遍缺乏练习的一种类型，一个提高的方式就是看范例和点评，针对其中的错误进行自我修正。

本分变承诺：

写作原文

AS Is(注意大小写) shown above, a funny hen claimed that her eggs with(that后面应该跟的是从句，从句中应包含谓语动词，建议将with改为have) no edge and the like which is the most fundamntional(拼写错误，改为fundamental).(作者这句话是要表达什么内容?)Simple as the drawing is, the symbolic meaning behind ti(改为it) is as deep as ocean(注意句末标点)Honesty is not only necessary, but also indepensible(拼写错误，改为indispensable).As the old Chinese proverb says:"Honesty is gold." However,in no country other than China, it has been said that, the problum(拼写错误，改为problem) of opposite the pormise(拼写错误，改为promise) more serious(句子逻辑关系不明确，改为the opposite of the original promise is more serious),and people fail to attach attention to the "gold". Inpiduals and organizations can make money, take porfits(拼写错误，改为profits) and even obtain wealth by attend be honest can also have added (改为add) benefit of increasing one's knowledge, giving us a new perspective of outside world. According to a survey conducted by China Acadmy(拼写错误，改为Academy)of Science(CAS),honesty can relieve not only pressure but also anxiety and such problums(拼写错误，改为problems)as depression, stress, isolation and solitude(注意句末标点)All in all,obtain(改为obtaining，一句话中只能有一个谓语动词)the promise plays a key role in our daily unhonest(改为dishonest，表示“不诚实的”，没有unhonest一词), in view of the complexity of such issue,we must treat it socially,economically and (首字母大写) a proper law, an up-to-date solution, a right perspective and alert public,it will be a matter of time before the problum(拼写错误，改为problem) becomes things of the past.(最后一段缺乏逻辑关系，建议重写)

总体点评

作文能够按照写作要求来写，写作格式基本符合要求。但是文中的问题较多，比如：单词的拼写问题、语法问题、句子的逻辑关系问题等。希望作者在后面的复习中，先不要急于写文章，从基本的入手，先积累词汇、学习基本语法、积累并模仿高分语言佳句;将重点放在语句模仿上，有空多读外文期刊，了解英语的地道表达，从而不断提高自己的写作水平。建议作者将每周的时间做一个合理的规划，一周练习一篇作文即可，在练习这篇作文时，可先积累此方面的词汇，之后两天可查找有关方面的经典表达及例文，然后再模仿佳句，等这些都做到位时，再组织文章。

参考分数(满分20分)：11

英语写作水平的提升需要不断地练习，在改正错误中不断取得进步，不怕犯错误，怕明知道犯错误却不面对。看了范文和点评，希望大家有思考，有提高。

开头句型

far as ...is concerned 就……而言

goes without saying that... 不言而喻，...

can be said with certainty that... 可以肯定地说......

the proverb says， 正如 谚语 所说的，

has to be noticed that... 它必须注意到，...

's generally recognized that... 它普遍认为...

's likely that ... 这可能是因为...

's hardly that... 这是很难的......

's hardly too much to say that... 它几乎没有太多的说…

calls for special attention is that...需要特别注意的是

's no denying the fact that...毫无疑问，无可否认

is more important than the fact that... 没有什么比这更重要的是…

's far more important is that... 更重要的是…

衔接句型

case in point is ... 一个典型的例子是...

is often the case...由于通常情况下...

stated in the previous paragraph 如前段所述

the problem is not so simple. Therefore 然而问题并非如此简单，所以……

it's a pity that... 但遗憾的是…

all that...对于这一切...... In spite of the fact that...尽管事实......

, we hold opinion that... 此外，我们坚持认为，...

, the difficulty lies in...然而，困难在于…

, we should pay attention to... 同样，我们要注意...

(that)...but(that)...不是，而是

view of the present station.鉴于目前形势

has been mentioned above...正如上面所提到的…

this respect, we may as well (say) 从这个角度上我们可以说

, we have to look at the other side of the coin, that is... 然而我们还得看到事物的另一方面，即 …

结尾句型

will conclude by saying... 最后我要说…

, we have the reason to believe that...因此，我们有理由相信…

things considered,总而言之 It may be safely said that...它可以有把握地说......

, in my opinion, it's more advisable...因此，在我看来，更可取的是…

what has been discussed above, we may safely draw the conclusion that….通过以上讨论，我们可以得出结论…

data/statistics/figures lead us to the conclusion that….通过数据我们得到的结论是，....

can be concluded from the discussion that...从中我们可以得出这样的结论

my point of view, it would be better if...在我看来……也许更好

举例句型

's take...to illustrate 's take the above chart as an example to illustrate . Here is one more example. … for example. same is true of…. offers a typical instance of…. may quote a common example of…. think of….

常用于引言段的句型

1. Some people think that …. 有些人认为…To be frank, I can not agree with their opinion for the reasons below. 坦率地说，我不能同意他们的意见，理由如下。

2. For years, … has been seen as …, but things are quite different now.多年来，……一直被视为……，但今天的情况有很大的不同。

3. I believe the title statement is valid because…. 我认为这个论点是正确的，因为…

4. I cannot entirely agree with the idea that ….我无法完全同意这一观点的… I believe….

5. My argument for this view goes as follows.我对这个问题的看法如下。

6. Along with the development of…, more and more….随着……的发展，越来越多…

7. There is a long-running debate as to whether….有一个长期运行的辩论，是否…

8. It is commonly/generally/widely/ believed /held/accepted/recognized that….它通常是认为…

9. As far as I am concerned, I completely agree with the former/ the latter.就我而言，我完全同意前者/后者。

10. Before giving my opinion, I think it is essential to look at the argument of both sides.在给出我的观点之前，我想有必要看看双方的论据。

表示比较和对比的常用句型和表达法

1. A is completely / totally / entirely different from . A and B are different in some/every way / respect / . A and B differ in…. 4. A differs from B in….5. The difference between A and B is/lies in/exists in….6. Compared with/In contrast to/Unlike A, B….7. A…, on the other hand,/in contrast,/while/whereas B….8. While it is generally believed that A …, I believe B….9. Despite their similarities, A and B are also . Both A and B …. However, A…; on the other hand, B….11. The most striking difference is that A…, while B….

演绎法常用的句型

1. There are several reasons for…, but in general, they come down to three major ones.有几个原因……，但一般，他们可以归结为三个主要的。

2. There are many factors that may account for…, but the following are the most typical ones.有许多因素可能占...，但以下是最典型的。

3. Many ways can contribute to solving this problem, but the following ones may be most effective.有很多方法可以解决这个问题，但下面的可能是最有效的。

4. Generally, the advantages can be listed as follows.一般来说，这些优势可以列举如下。

因果推理法常用句型

we read the book, we have learned a lot. 2. If we read the book, we would learn a lot. 3. We read the book; as a result / therefore / thus / hence / consequently / for this reason / because of this, we've learned a lot. 4. As a result of /Because of/Due to/Owing to reading the book, we've learned a lot. 由于阅读这本书，我们已经学到了很多。

5. The cause of/reason for/overweight is eating too is caused by/due to/because of eating too . The effect/consequence/result of eating too much is overweight. 8. Eating too much causes/results in/leads to overweight. 吃太多导致超重。

阅读教学作为整个高中英语教学的重要组成部分，在英语教学中占据着重要的地位。一直以来，在高中英语教学中，无论从高中英语课程的设定、教材的选编、还是从高中教学中阅读课所占的课时比重等方面来看，阅读教学都占据重要的位置。下文是我为大家蒐集整理的关于的内容，欢迎大家阅读参考!

浅析高中英语阅读技巧

高中英语阅读的要求与初中有较大差别：文章词数增多，生词量增大，组篇方式复杂，文章资讯量较大，文章内容比较成人化，并具有一定的文化意识要求。阅读理解在高考中占据很大的比重，而且越来越注重能力的测试。因此，在高中英语学习中必须掌握最基本的三种阅读理解技巧：猜测词义、难句理解和语篇理解。

一、 猜测词义

《英语课程标准》六级阅读技能目标提出六级为高中最低目标：能利用上下文和句子结构猜测词义。猜词能力是英语阅读最基本的能力之一。高考阅读文章也允许出现2%-3%不注汉语的生词。因此，从高一起阅读文章中就铺设了适当比例的生词。碰到生词切勿惊慌，因为它们不是孤立存在的，也不是高深莫测的。只要抓住一定的线索就可以猜出，并加以理解。猜词有两个步骤：寻找线索和确定意义。线索多种多样，可依据构词法、定义解释、对比关系、因果关系和上下文暗示“顺藤摸瓜”。

1. 构词法

Shantzis believes his system could help recycled materials bee more costeffective.

初看起来，costeffective不得而知。细心观察，它是由cost和effective合成，effective是effect加字尾派生而来。既然“成本有效”，就是“划算的”。构词法线索在猜词中用得最多。2009年江苏高考阅读理解A篇中就有六个可以根据构词法猜测词义的生词：emotionally有感情地，originally原来， conditioning规定，consequently结果， sociable好交际的，respond反应。

2. 定义解释

Decision-thinking is not unlike poker...This card game has often been of considerable interest to people.

从解释的内容不难看出，poker是一种多人玩的、有趣的卡片游戏。由此猜测为“扑克”。另外还可以从发音来验证，“扑克”poker之音译。定义、解释形式多样，有定语从句、同位语、并列句，甚至用破折号引出补充说明，等等。

3. 对比关系

Thousands of people got stuck in lifts. But no one was afraid. We passed the time by telling stories.

数千人困在电梯中，应该情况不妙。But转折了人们的境况。其线索是对比转折。如果猜测为“受伤”、“窒息”、“沮丧”还不妥贴。根据下文“讲故事消磨时间”，应推断为“惊恐”。

4. 因果关系

The biggest power failure happened yesterday. All of our ice cream and frozen foods melted.

后一句承接前一句。前一句的情况导致后一句的结果。线索是因果关系。既然停电，冰淇淋、冰冻食品化冻是必然结果。猜测为“融化”。

5. 上下文暗示

We had lots of candles on the table and the waiters were carrying candles on their trays.

从上文得知静止的蜡烛放在餐桌上，侍者随身带着的蜡烛不会放在口袋里，不会放在头顶，而是放在端菜的“浅盘”中。

再看例项，猜出画线生词的含义，并说出线索依据：

1. Modern medicine began with the stethoscope, a medical tool used for listening to the movements of a person’s lungs and his heartbeats.

2. Though Tom’s face has been washed quite clean, his neck still remains grubby.

3. The river is so turbid that it is impossible to see the bottom even when it is shallow.

4. Most of fishes have slimy skins covered with scales, so it is difficult to get firm hold of them.

5. The passengers’ belongings on the train are stored in their holdalls, boxes, baskets and netbags.

1. 听诊器，定义解释;2. 肮脏，对比关系;3. 浑浊，因果关系;4. 滑溜的，鱼鳞，上下文暗示;5. 拥有物，行李包，网袋，构词法。

二、 难句理解

文章中的难句，犹如拦路虎，让你无法理解全篇，令人望而生畏。高考趋势之一就是难句增多，型别多变，不但测试考生的阅读技能，也测试考生的智力水平和心理素质。难句一般是长句、省略句和倒装句。

长句是一些并列句、复合句，或者有多种形式的定语、状语、插入语，或者伴有分隔、倒装、省略，盘根错节，令人眼花缭乱。其实，再长的句子，只要能抓住结构中的关键词，问题就迎刃而解了。结构中的关键词是指分句、意群的引导词或起始词。找到分句的引导词，就能发现各个分句的主谓语，最后用化整为零的办法，各个击破。抓住意群的起始词就能理清各个语法成分，以及它们之间的关系。请看例句：

Decision-thinking is not unlike poker―it often matters not only what you think, but also what others think you think and what you think they think you think.

此句含有29个单词，语法结构复杂。从概貌上看, 破折号前是一个简单句，破折号引出一个补充说明的句子。结构关键词是not only...but also, what, what, and what。抓住引导词后，再确定各个主谓语。由此分析得知，it是形式主语，真实主语是三个主语从句，三个主语从句由not only...but also和and 连线。在第二个主语从句中带有宾语从句，第三个主语从句中，也带有宾语从句，而且宾语从句又带宾语从句，重重叠叠。全句可直译为：作出决定的思维就像打扑克，不仅你所思考的问题常常是要紧的，而且其他人认为你所考虑的问题，和你思考其他人认为你所考虑的问题也常常是要紧的。

再看怎样抓住结构关键词，并将它们化整为零：

In particular, he showed that all games fall into two classes: there are what he called games of“perfect rmation”, games like chess where the players can’t hide anything or play tricks: they don’t win by chance, but by means of logic and skills.

这是一个44个单词的松散长句。首先要找到分句和意群的关键词：that, what, games, where, not...but，另外两个冒号，一个逗号在句中也很重要，它们都表示补充说明或者同位关系。理清基本结构后，可以将长句分解为以下六句：

1. In particular, he showed that all games fall into two classes.

2. There are games which he called games of perfect rmation.

3. The games are like chess.

4. In the games the players can’t hide anything or play tricks.

5. They don’t win by chance.

6. They win by means of logic and skills.

长句就是由这些简单的分句用结构连词串连而成，一旦将它们一一拆开，就化难为易，一目了然。

难句的另一形式是省略句和倒装句，而且这类难句在高考中出现得越来越多，越来越活。在理解省略句、倒装句时使用“恢复原状”法是非常有效的。请看江苏高考任务型阅读中的省略句：So, the munication begins with the self, as defined largely by others, and involves others, as defined largely by the self.

句中含两个as省略句，如果分析省去了什么，并将它们补全就不难理解。此句as后省去it is，全句意义为“按照别人所定义，交流开始于自身;按照自己所定义，交流也涉及别人”。再请看江苏高考另一篇中的倒装句：

Under this is bedrock through which water cannot percolate.

只要将主语和表语对调位置，即恢复原状就很容易理解，意为“水不能渗透的岩层就在这一层下面”。

三、 语篇理解

语篇理解主要有两层含义：文章的整体理解和文章的深层理解。整体理解即通过阅读把握文章的结构脉络，提取、分析主要资讯，归纳概括主旨大意。深层理解即获得字里行间的隐含资讯，准确领会生词和某些活用单词的特定意义，推理判断作者的言外之意。整体理解与深层理解是密不可分，相互依存的。要想很好地进行语篇理解，必须注意三点：

1. 第一遍快速阅读时，就要有意识地找出文章的主题句和段落的主题句，从而了解文章全貌，理清层次关系，把握文脉主线。大多数主题句是段落的起始句和结束句。

2. 第一遍快速阅读中碰到难词、难句时，可以再读一遍该句，抓住要领后再往下阅读。尽量不在第一遍阅读中留下“隐患”，也避免难句的理解偏差影响下文的阅读。

3. 在做题时，有必要再次扫读、搜寻相关资讯，并谨防被词句的表面意义所迷惑。要剔除与上下文和主题思路相违背的一些表面意义，搜寻到深层的隐含资讯。

请阅读以下例子，并完成有关题目：

Olaf Stapledon wrote a book called First and Last Men, in which he looked millions of years ahead. He told of different men and of strange civilizations文明, broken up by long“dark ages”in between. In his view, what is called the present time is no more than a moment in human history and we are just the First Men. In 2,000 million years from now there will be the Eighteenth or Last Men.

However, most of our ideas about the future are really very short-sighted. Perhaps we can see some possibilities for the next fifty years. But the next hundred?The next thousand?The next million?That’s much more difficult.

When men and women lived by hunting 50,000 years ago, how could they even begin to picture modern life?Yet to men of 50,000 years from now, we may seem as primitive原始的 in our ideas as the Stone-Age hunters do to us. Perhaps they will spend their days gollocking to make new spundels, or struggling with their ballalators through the cribe. These words, which I have just made up, have to stand for things and ideas that we simply can’t think of.

So why even bother to try imagining life far in the future?Here are two reasons. First, unless we remember how short our own lives are pared with the whole human history, we are likely to think our own interests are much more important than they really are. If we make the earth a poor place to live on because we are careless or greedy or quarrelsome, our grandchildren will not bother to think of excuses for us.

Second, by trying to escape from present interest and imagine life far in the future, we may arrive at quite fresh ideas that we can use ourselves. For example, if we imagine that in the future men may give up farming, we can think of trying it now. So set your imagination free when you think about the future.

第一遍快速阅读后，我们已知此文体裁为论说文，共五小节。第一小节介绍概貌。二、三小节是一个层次，讲现代人很难看得很远。四、五小节为一个层次，讲想象未来生活的原因。一至四小节的主题句都是第一句。第五小节有总结全文的作用，说明想象未来是为了珍惜现在，主题句是最后一句，此句也是全文的主题句。文章中虽然难句、难词较多，但脉络结构理清后，对捕捉细节和深层资讯很有帮助。

首先在主题思想和文脉主线的牵引下理解这些单词、短语：

1. picture modern life 描绘现代生活

2. short-sighted 目光短浅的

3. Stone-Age 石器时代

4. bother 麻烦

5. excuses 借口

再看字里行间暗藏着什么，寻求这种深层资讯至少要思考三点：

1. 文章主题

2. 作者主旨

3. 隐含细节

文章主题上文已经分析。作者主旨为：现代人必须极目远望，想象未来，认识自己在宇宙长河中的时间价值，从而负起当前的应尽之责。至于隐含细节，必须先抓住表层资讯，由表及里，抓住本质。例如：第一小节表面上是介绍一本书。其实，作者通过介绍这本书，提出自己的论点，展示了全文的话题，也初步表明思想观点：“现代”仅是历史长河中之一瞬，人类文明的方式因为“时间”的分隔而截然不同。把握这些隐含资讯对理解后面四个小节的详论细述有很大帮助。

有些隐含资讯必须根据题目要求再次扫读才能有针对性地搜寻出来。题目中的选项迷惑性往往很强，因此，要善于排除干扰，拨开迷雾。这时也要注意分析题目的设题型别和拟题手法。例如：

1. A particular mention made of Stapledon’s book in the opening paragraph _______.

A. serves as a description of human history

B. serves as an introduction to the discussion

C. shows a disagreement of views

D. shows the popularity of the book

通过第一遍快速阅读已经得知其段落大意，再进行扫读，以加深对语篇意义的理解，找出正确答案。先看A，虽然这一小节提到“人类历史”，但不是着重描述人类历史。再看C，表面资讯有different men, strange civilizations, 但真实内容却未说观点分歧。选项D干扰性很强。虽然作者赞同Stapledon的观点，并以此展开全文，但通篇都未提到此书是否深受人们欢迎。从语篇理解看，D仅是一个旁外的话题。再看B，表面资讯是开篇部分，应是“汇入”。隐含资讯须全篇理解，全文都是围绕第一小节的话题展开的讨论，表面资讯与隐含资讯一致。B为正确选项。

2. The text discusses men and women 50,000 years ago and 50,000 years from now in order to show that_______.

A. human history is extremely long

B. life has changed a great deal

C. it is a useless plan for the next 50 years

D. it is difficult to tell what will happen in the future

从表面词句上看，似乎读懂第三小节，就可以回答此题。其实不然，因为A、B、C三项本身都是成立的，而且迷惑性很强。再次扫读二、三小节便受启发，第三小节是第二小节意思的延伸，进一步阐述远望未来的困难之处，论古说今，举例印证，都说明之“难”。因此D才是正确答案。

3. Spundels and ballalators are used in the text to refer to_______.

A. tools used in farming B. ideas about modern life

C. unknown things in the future D. hunting skills in the Stone Age

从表面资讯看，虚构单词指工具，先排除B和D。再次扫读得知不是农具，排除A。C是一个比较保险的正确选项。它们是未来不可知的东西。

4. According to the writer of the text, imagining the future will_______.

A. serve the interests of the present and future generations

B. enable us to better understand human history

C. help us to improve farming

D. make life worth living

测试推理能力，推断作者主旨。此题较好地运用了干扰选项和“答非所问”的拟题手法。B、C、D本身都是成立的，文中确实提到“人类历史”、“认真耕作”和“生活意义”。作者主旨是由这些个体组合而成，其中心思想是由它们提炼、浓缩而来，即尽管展望未来困难重重，人们还是应该想象未来。既然“现代”仅是一瞬，何不在这段历史时期尽心尽责，何不珍惜、爱护如今的世界呢?初定A为正确答案。但A项本身又有干扰资讯。最后一小节出现escape from present interest，似乎A不能选。其实文中这一部分是说明“想象未来的同时暂且不谈目前的个人利益，这能提高思想境界”，寓意还是“想象未来”，并不是说“想象未来”与目前的利益无关。由此搜寻到文章的“画外音”――想象未来既有利于现代，又造福于未来。A为正确选项。

语篇理解是较高层次的理解，也是如今高考试题的趋向和要求。

阅读理解的技巧无论合理性程度有多高，只有在实践中才能得到掌握和完善。运用所学的技巧多阅读，多琢磨，必有提高。

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