发布时间：
参考文献类型及文献类型，根据GB3469-83《文献类型与文献载体代码》规定，以单字母方式标识：专著M ； 报纸N ；期刊J ；专利文献P；汇编G ；古籍O；技术标准S ；学位论文D ；科技报告R；参考工具K ；检索工具W；档案B ；录音带A ；图表Q；唱片L；产品样本X；录相带V；会议录C；中译文T；乐谱I； 电影片Y；手稿H；微缩胶卷U ；幻灯片Z；微缩平片F；其他E《人力资源管理》应该是期刊吧，用“J”标识
先到百度文库，找一篇此类文档中文的，然后用有道翻译，或是谷歌在线翻译翻成英 文，然后把英文放上面，中文放下面。希望可以帮到你。如果要找标准的PDF格式外文文 献，可以在谷歌，用英文文献名+空格+PDF 这样比较容易找到。 第一是Google搜索，主要是英文，尤其是其学术搜索，意义大。 第二，通过各大学图书馆系统，进入几个主流的出版发行集团。 第三，利用网络免费储存、电子书系统。尤其是国外多。 1、论文题目：要求准确、简练、醒目、新颖。2、目录：目录是论文中主要段落的简表。（短篇论文不必列目录）3、提要：是文章主要内容的摘录，要求短、精、完整。字数少可几十字，多不超过三百字为宜。4、关键词或主题词：关键词是从论文的题名、提要和正文中选取出来的，是对表述论文的中心内容有实质意义的词汇。关键词是用作机系统标引论文内容特征的词语，便于信息系统汇集，以供读者检索。 每篇论文一般选取3-8个词汇作为关键词，另起一行，排在“提要”的左下方。主题词是经过规范化的词，在确定主题词时，要对论文进行主题，依照标引和组配规则转换成主题词表中的规范词语。5、论文正文：（1）引言：引言又称前言、序言和导言，用在论文的开头。 引言一般要概括地写出作者意图，说明选题的目的和意义, 并指出论文写作的范围。引言要短小精悍、紧扣主题。〈2）论文正文：正文是论文的主体，正文应包括论点、论据、 论证过程和结论。主体部分包括以下内容：a.提出-论点；b.分析问题-论据和论证；c.解决问题-论证与步骤；d.结论。6、一篇论文的参考文献是将论文在和写作中可参考或引证的主要文献资料，列于论文的末尾。参考文献应另起一页，标注方式按《GB7714-87文后参考文献著录规则》进行。中文：标题--作者--出版物信息（版地、版者、版期）：作者--标题--出版物信息所列参考文献的要求是：（1）所列参考文献应是正式出版物，以便读者考证。（2）所列举的参考文献要标明序号、著作或文章的标题、作者、出版物信息。 一，选题要新颖。这次我的论文的成功，和高分，得到导师的赞许，都是因为我论文的选题新颖所给我带来的好处。最好涉及护理新领域，以及新进展，这样会给人耳目一新的感觉。二，大量文献做基础仔细查阅和你论文题目和研究范围相关的文献，大量的文献查阅会你的论文写作铺垫，借鉴别人的思路，和好的语言。而且在写作过程不会觉得语言平乏，当然也要自己一定的语言功底做基矗三，一气呵成做好充分的准备，不要每天写一些，每天改一些，这样会打断自己的思路，影响文章的连贯。四，尽量采用多的专业术语可能口语化的表达会给人带来亲切感，但论文是比较专业的形式，是有可能做为文献来查阅和检索的，所以论文语言的专业化，术语化会提升自己论文的水平。五，用正规格式书写参考正规的论文文献，论文格式。不要因为格式问题，而影响到你论文的质量。六，最好在计算机上完成写作过程如果有条件最好利用电脑来完成写作过程，好处以下几点：1，节省时间，无论打字的速度慢到什么程度，肯定要比手写的快。2，方便，大量的文献放在手边，一个一个查阅是很不方便的，文献都是用数据库编辑，所以都是在电脑上完成。提前先在电脑上摘要出重点，写出提纲，随时翻阅，方便写作。3，修改编辑，在电脑随时对文章进行修改编辑都是非常的方便。4，随时存档，写一段，存一段，防止突然停电，或者电脑当机。本人就是吃了这个大亏，一个晚上的劳动，差点就全没了，幸亏男友是电脑高手，帮我找回。否则就恨着电脑，哭死算了。七，成稿打印好交给导师无论你的字写的多么优美，还是按照惯例来，打印出的文字显的正规，而且交流不存在任何的问题，不会让导师因为看不懂你的龙飞凤舞，而低估你的论文。而且干净整洁，女孩子不仅注意自己的形象问题，书面的东西也反映你的修养和气质。八，听取导师意见，仔细修改导师会给你一些关于你论文建设性的意见，仔细参考，认真修改。毕竟导师是发表过多篇论文，有颇多的经验。
干嘛。，、给他
这些都是名字的缩写，学位的缩写只有PhD，MD，BD啊,英文文献好像是不标学位的.给你几个示范一下，都是根据国标写的。 作者. 文章名. 刊物类型. 刊物. 年度，期卷号：页码范围 [ ] Nikolaev Yu A, etc. Gas Detonation and its Application in Engineering and Technologies[J]. Combustion, Explosion, and Shock Waves, 2003, 39(4): 382-410 [ ] , P. H. Do. Key Parameters for Controlling of Function Reliability in “None1 Tube” Explosive Transfer System[C], 1999: AIAA99-31211 [ ] Peng Jinhua, Tang Mingjun. One of the Applications of Dust Explosions – Nonel System[J]. Archivum Combustionis, 1989(9): 223-229 [ ] Liu Dabin, Jiang Rongguang, Yang Dong. The Pressure Characteristics of Nonel Tube in Its Detonation Growth Process[J/OL]: 93-96
人力资源管理参考文献
毕业论文参考文献有哪些?这对于许多毕业生而言，或许是一件头疼的.事。以下给大家提供了一份关于论文参考文献的文章，大家在撰写毕业论文时可以予以适当借鉴。
一、著作
[1] (美)加里•德斯勒.人力资源管理(第六版)[M].北京：中国人民大学出版社,1999.
[2] (加)狄祖善、霍思安.人力资源管理案例[M].北京：机械工业出版社,1999.
[3] (美)舒尔茨.人力资本投资：教育和研究的作用[M].北京：商务印书馆，1990.
[4] (美)加里•S•贝克尔.人类行为的经济分析[M].上海：上海人民出版社，1993.
[5] (美)贝克尔.家庭经济分析[M].北京：华夏出版社，1987.
[6] (美)爱德华•拉齐尔.人事管理经济学[M].北京：北京大学出版社，2000.
[7] (美)雷蒙德•A•诺伊等.人才资源管理：赢得竞争优势[M].北京：中国人民大学出版社， 2001.
[8] (英)迈克尔•普尔、马尔科姆•沃纳.人力资源管理手册[M].沈阳：辽宁教育出版社，1999.
[9] 张德.人力资源开发与管理(第二版)[M].北京：清华大学出版社,2003.
[10] 李宝元.人力资本与经济发展：跨世纪中国经济发展及其战略选择的人本视角与考察[M].北京：北京师范大学出版社，2000.
[11] 朱舟.人力资本投资的成本收益分析[M].上海：上海财经大学出版社，1999.
[12] 李忠民.人力资本：一个理论框架及其对中国一些问题的解释[M].北京：经济科学出版社，1999.
[13] 彭剑锋.人力资源管理概论[M].上海：复旦大学出版社，2003.
[14] 陈维政、余凯成.人力资源管理与开发高级教程[M].北京：高等教育出版社,2004.
[15] 赵曙明.人力资源管理新进展[M].南京：南京大学出版社，2002.
[16] 赵曙明.人力资源战略与规划[M].北京：中国人民大学出版社，2002.
[17] 孙健敏.组织与人力资源管理[M].北京：华夏出版社，2002.
[18] 廖泉文.人力资源发展系统[M].济南：山东人民出版社，2000.
[19] 林泽炎.转型中国企业人力资源管理[M].北京：中国劳动社会保障出版社，2004.
[20] 蒋明新.人力资源开发与管理[M].成都：西南财经大学出版社，1999.
[21] 林泽炎.3P模式：中国企业人力资源管理操作系统[M].北京：中信出版社，2001.
[22] 谢晋字、吴国存、李新建.企业人力资源开发与管理创新[M].北京：经济管理出版社，2000.
[23] 董克用、叶向峰.人力资源管理概论[M].北京：中国人民大学出版社，2003.
[24] 石金涛.培训与开发[M].北京：中国人民大学出版社，2002.
[25] 石金涛.现代人力资源开发与管理[M].上海：上海交通大学出版社，2001.
[26] 张国初.人力资源管理定量测度和评价[M].北京：社会科学文献出版社，2000.
[27] 陈远敦、陈全明.人力资源开发与管理[M].北京：中国统计出版社，2001.
[28] 张国初.人力资源开发管理的理论与实践：中国加拿大案例比较研究[M].北京：社会科学文献出版社，1995.
[29] 谌新民.新人力资源管理[M].北京：中央编译出版社，2002.
[30] 李宝元.人力资本与经济发展：跨世纪中国经济发展及其战略选择的人本视角与考察[M].北京：北京师范大学出版社，2000.
[31]陆国泰.人力资源管理[M].北京：高等教育出版社，2000.
二、杂志
[1]《中国人力资源开发》
[2]《中国人才》
[3]《管理世界》
[4]《人力资源》
[5]《人事与人才》
[6]《人才开发》
三、报纸
[1]《21世纪人才报》
[2]《人力资源报》
更多论文参考文献请访问：
随着国民经济的快速发展,我国中小企业不断进步并快速扩张,为国民经济发展做出了较为重要的贡献。与此同时,中小企业不断成长与完善, 人力资源管理 对企业来说显得越来越重要,对企业的影响也越来越大。下面是我为大家整理的有关中小企业人力资源管理论文，供大家参考。
[摘 要]人力资源是企业最重要的资源，但是，要如何开发与管理人力资源却是许多管理者在一直探索的。
[关键词]中小企业;人力资源;管理
中图分类号：C29 文献标识码：A 文章 编号：1009-914X(2014)30-0280-01
引言：
中小企业是我国经济发展中必不可少的组成体，随着起起落落的经济变化、企业发展、技术革新，由人才而引发的诸多因管理缺乏而导致的因素在逐步影响且妨碍了这部分企业的良性发展。企业家们、管理者们开始搜寻、开始摸索、开始创新一套新的合理的人力资源管理体系，以便更好运用在企业内部，团结、激励员工创造更多的有用功。
一、中小企业人力资源管理现状分析
1、人才观念淡薄。绝大多数企业的人事管理只关注于事的管理，并不关注人的管理。人在企业不被看作可待开发的资源，而是简单地以人事档案的形式存在。
2、忽视系统、长期的培训。过去，建筑企业存在着认识上的误区，总以为建筑业是一个古老的传统产业，造房子就象搭积木，触一而通百，管理人员完全可以凭着自己多年的工作 经验 而干好工程，而忽视进行再学习。特别是中小企业每年用于员工的培训费用很少，而且培训仅限于岗位培训，常着眼于当前。企业人事部门没有从开发人的能力的角度，制定培育企业未来发展需要的有潜质的人 才的规划。
3、缺乏有效的竞争、激励机制。大多数企业，在人才选拔和使用中，存在着任人唯亲、论资排辈、着重学历资历轻能力水平的现象。
4、由于中小企业生产规模小，人员、资产拥有量以及影响力均不及大型施工企业，实施人才战略举步维艰;难以通过高酬薪、高福利招揽人才;企业经营范围窄，工程技术含量低，难以吸引人才;多数企业不注重 企业 文化 建设，造成个人的价值观念与企业的理念错位，难以留住人才。
5、中小建筑企业也有其独特的优势;体制灵活、市场反应灵敏、企业发展快等优点，人才在企业中容易显露个人的特长，展示自己的才华。
二、中小建筑企业人力资源管理与开发 措施
1、树立“以人为本”思想
在 企业管理 活动中，必须处理人与人、人与物、物与物等众多关系。在这些关系中，最根本的是人与人的关系。正确处理好人与人的关系，管理者与被管理者之间团结合作、上下一致、同心同德，使管理者之间;即领导班子成员之间;能够被管理者之间;即组织和部门的员工之间;相互支持、相互理解、相互融洽、彼此协调配合，是搞好管理的根本保证。要做到这一点，就必须从人的本性和人 的实际需要出发，把提高人的素质、处理人际关系、调动人的积极性和创造性放在首要地位，把关心人、尊重人、培养人、发展人作为管理的最终目的，这就是管理者的人本思想。因而，建立任何管理制度，制定任何管理措施，都要对人的本性有一个科学而准确的认识，都必须把管理建立在对人的本性科学认识的基础之上。这样就能使企业所制定的管理制度与措施具有较强的针对性和实效性。
2、应用激励手段，充分调动现有职工的积极性
要想充分调动职工的积极性，就必须运用激励理论，采用恰当的激励 方法 。激励理论分为内容性激励理论和过程性激励理论。内容性激励理论包括马斯洛的需要层次理论、奥尔德弗的ERG理论和赫兹伯格的双因素理论等;过程性激励理论包括期望理论、归因理论、强化理论、公平理论等。激励的方法有物质激励、精神激励和综合激励。中小型企业根据自身需要，建立符合自身特点的激励机制：
利益机制。制定合理的工资制度。中小型施工企业可以根据行业特点，对不同岗位的职工采用不同的工资制。基层单位经营者年薪制、项目管理人员岗位责任工资制、机关管理人员岗位职务工资制、生产工人全额劳务计件工资制、辅助生产及服务人员按岗位实行协议工资制。对在技术方面、管理方面、营销方面做出贡献的人给予重奖。运用股权阎。以建立现代企业制度为契机，制定多样的、具有吸引力的股权政策，将个体利益和企业利益统一起来，激发他们的积极性和创造性。
训与发展激励机制。员工培训是最大限度发挥个人潜能和劳动效能的最有效手段，是人力资源开发的最有效的投资，也是企业人力资本增值的重要途径。现代人在选择企业时，不只是看到企业的薪金、福利，还十分看重企业对他们的培训开发的重视程度。上进的员工由于没有培训和缺乏长远的发展可能会很快地离开企业。积极鼓励员工学习，不断接受新知识，是企业吸收人才重要的因素之一。一个合格的管理者首先必须是一个合格的培训者，开展富有成效的员工培训，对提高员工的素质，增强员工对企业的感情和向心力都具有深远的意义。
现在，国家建设日新月异，科学技术突飞猛进，在建筑领域中出现了许多高、新、尖科技成果，若不重视员工的学习，就无法掌握这些新技术。因此，施工企业一定要根据企业生产经营、施工管理的需要，针对职工队伍现状，多层次、多 渠道 进行相应的技术培训。成人学历培训。鼓励青年员工根据自己工作需要，积极参加自考、函授、电大等成人学历 教育 ，并对学习优异者给予奖励。项目经理培训。以项目经理为代表的项目管理人才的素质很重要，如果这一层不到位，项目成本管理就会在低水平上徘徊。因此，公司应选派有能力的员工去学习。资格性岗位培训。建筑施工企业管理人员是否具备相应的资格，是企业应关注的一项重要工作，是关系到企业生存发展的大事。在保证企业施工现场管理需要的前提下对无资格证书的人员，采取全脱产、半脱产、业余培训等形式，举办建筑施工企业施工员、预算员、质安员、材料员、装饰施工员、机械管理员岗位培训，保证企业关键岗位持证上岗制度的实施。一线操作层人员培训。由于城镇化的发展必将带动城镇基础设施的建设，从现实情况看，建筑业已经成为吸纳农村剩余劳动力的一个重要领域。如何把庞大的农民工队伍由农民转变为熟练的操作工人，对施工企业而言，无疑是一项艰巨的工作，要使他们从思想意识、组织纪律、劳动技术多方面成为合格的工人，唯一的办法就是加强培训，特别是加强对特种作业操作工及一线劳务人员的岗前培训。
中小企业可以对本单位需要的人才给予较高的荣誉和地位，让他们觉得在大企业或许能得到较多的福利报酬，但不一定得到如此的荣誉和地位，因此，安心在中小企业奉献。
中小企业人员少，有利于领导与群众的联系，能有更多的机会了解群众需求，关心他们，可以直接听取群众意见，缩短了领导与群众之间的距离，容易让职工产生被尊重的感觉。
参与激励机制。现代人力资源管理的实践经验和研究表明，现代的员工都有参与管理的要求和愿望，创造和提供机会让员工参与管理是调动他们积极性的有效方法。通过参与，形成职工对企业的归属感、认同感，可以进一步满足其自尊的需要调动其工作积极性。
三、采用多种形式，外聘或临时聘用急需人才，有步骤地吸收引进人才
中小企业可以根据自身需要，有计划有步骤地通过人才市场或其他途径吸纳。
外部选聘也是企业选拔人才的重要途径，中小企业可以加强与科研机构、高等学校的合作联系。科研机构和高等学校具有丰富的知识资源和宝贵的人才优势，拥有先进的实验室和丰富的图书情报资源，最重要的是科研工作者和高校教师非常乐意加强与企业的合作，因为只有这样才能将科学技术更快更好地转化为生产力。企业应利用这些单位的特点积极合作，以满足自身对人才的需求。而在合作的过程中，自己的技术保员和管理人员的素质都会得到极大的提高。
为降低企业人才利用成本，还可以采取临时聘用技术攻关人员或顾问等方式，并采取灵活的付费的方式计酬。
摘要：薪酬管理作为企业人力资源管理的核心内容，对企业竞争力的提升有着重要的作用。合理有效的薪酬体系不但能有效激发员工的积极性与主动性,促进员工努力实现组织目标,提高组织的效益。而且能在人才竞争日益激烈的知识经济下吸引和保留住一支素质良好且有竞争力的员工队伍，从而提高企业的核心优势。本文就是从三个方面对中小企业人力资源薪酬管理的相关问题进行了系统阐释，提出了强化薪酬管理的对策，进而为企业员工积极性和主动性的提升奠定了坚实的基础。
关键词：中小企业;人力资源;薪酬管理
一、企业人力资源薪酬管理的理论内容
1.薪酬的内涵。通常情况系啊，薪酬是经济性报酬也就是外在薪酬，指的是企业通过现金等方式雇佣劳动所付出的报酬。薪酬支付的客体是雇员，主体是雇主，支付的条件二者存在雇佣关系。薪酬的内容包括直接获得的物质报酬和非直接性的报酬。
2.薪酬管理的定义。薪酬管理指的是在企业的正常运行过程中，在 企业战略 目标的指导下，企业对员工的薪酬策略、薪酬支付原则、薪酬结构以及薪酬构成等进行系统调整和分配的管理过程。薪酬管理要为实现薪酬管理目标而服务，通常情况下，薪酬管理包括企业薪酬日常管理和薪酬体系设计两个方面。
3.中小企业人力资源薪酬管理的原则。
首先，薪酬管理具有公平性原则。在中小企业人力资源薪酬管理中，公平性原则是工资管理的基本原则。所谓公平是指员工被公正对待的感受。员工对于薪金、福利公平与否极其敏感，具体可以分为外部公平性、内部公平性、个人公平性。从企业的角度来看，企业为了保持继续发展的动力，必须在劳动力市场上具有竞争性，及时进行薪资调查，了解其他企业为类似职位所支付的工资情况，对外部公平加以重点考虑。
其次，薪酬管理具有合理性原则。合理薪资的标准众所纷纭，我们认为，合理薪资的要求如下：考虑当地生活物价指数上涨，相应增加工资以保持原有生活水平;以合乎社会行情的薪资，进行薪资设计;薪资与员工的效率、能力相等;须比较公司内其他同职等、同性质工作员工的薪资;薪资须依职务来划分;解决各部门奖金差异过大的情形;薪资调整的规则透明化。
再次，薪酬管理具有激励性原则。一个单位所定的工资、奖金、福利等如果不能对其员工的行为产生影响和作用，这个标准就有问题。单位确定标准的目的应该是对员工有所激励、鞭策、约束、限制，从而提高企业员工的积极性和主动性，进而为企业的发展提供主要的支撑。
二、当前中小企业人力资源薪酬管理面临的问题
1.薪酬设计缺乏战略思考。企业的战略管理是一个动态管理，企业的物质资本和人力资本的相对地位处于不断的变化之中。一般来说，中小企业的管理者在对企业的定位和发展理念上多认为利润增长是目前重要的发展目标，因而会从成本控制的角度考虑薪酬安排，但是极少能意识到薪酬是企业长期战略实施的手段和杠杆，更缺乏企业和员工共同发展的观念。有很多中小工业企业对自身发展战略的思考就非常欠缺，所以对薪酬安排更是缺乏思考，在思想上缺乏重视。在企业的发展需要人力资源发展战略支撑，然尔没有恰当的薪酬政策去支撑人力资源发展战略，企业战略的实现就无从谈起。
2.薪酬制度不规范、弹性差。企业制定一套科学合理的工资体系是薪酬管理的最基本工作，然而部分中小型企业在工资体系管理方面却存在种种问题。很多中小企业没有形成科学合理的薪酬管理制度，员工的工资标准约定俗成或由企业领导随意确定，员工的各种工资性项目的核算缺乏明确的依据和科学的方法，员工无法通过薪酬制度来了解自己的大致收入。弹性差主要指在工资体系中与员工绩效或企业效益挂钩的项目较少，总体上表现出员工之间的工资差距较小以及员工的工资基本没有起伏的现象。
3.忽视内在薪酬，缺乏人性化的薪酬管理。薪酬管理的核心问题是要调动员工的积极性、创造性和潜力。因此，只有构建既符合企业目标又能够实现员工个人发展的薪酬体系才能使企业与员工在战略意义上达成一致，从而实现企业长远可持续和谐发展。我国的传统观点一般认为组织、家族的目的高于个人，个人的行为和发展都要在组织之下，相应对于个人独立和发展的关怀较少。体现在薪酬制度上就缺乏人性化的薪酬管理，例如大多企业施行的是以岗位薪酬为中心的上浮制薪酬模式，或是只上不下，但是加薪只是和工作年限、学历等联系紧密，对于个人的工作能力、努力程度、绩效完成情况等没有科学考量。这种情况下，员工缺乏对于个人职业生涯和职业发展目标的明确认知，其个人的能力、素质和潜力与工作的关系不被重视，在团队中，每个员工的角色分工与其个人特点结合不够，难以充分调动员工的积极性和创造性。
三、当前深化中小企业人力资源薪酬管理的对策
1.完善企业人力资源管理薪酬机制。在企业的发展过程中，提高企业员工的积极性和主动性具有重要的意义。因此，在企业薪酬管理过程中，企业领导层要积极提供具有公平性和竞争力的薪酬。在企业内部，将薪酬分配合理拉开差距，首先做好企业内部的岗位评价和岗位分析，分析岗位工作的复杂性、工作时所需承担的责任以及所需要的知识和能力、工作态度等来对岗位的价值进行量化评估，而不是单纯以工龄、学历、职称、行政级别来进行评估。同时，要为员工提供具有竞争力的薪酬，引进竞争激励机制，依据按劳分配的原则，通过一些激励措施例如晋升、培训、奖励、休假等机会，给员工提供更广阔的发展空间这些措施对于留住优秀员工、形成合理的员工结构，提高工作效率和提升单位形象发挥着极其重要的作用。能够促使员工发挥自身的聪明才智，为企业的发展注入新的活力，促进了企业的快速发展。
2.强化人力资源开发管理的整体观念。人力资源是指能够推动经济和社会发展的、具有脑力劳动和体力劳动能力的人们的总称。企业人力资源管理是从招聘、录用、配置、绩效考评、薪酬、人员流动直至对员工进行培训和技能开发的全过程管理。薪酬管理体系是其中最重要的环节之一，它包括薪资计划、薪资制度管理、特殊薪资管理和对薪资管理的监督检查等，为完成企业人力资源管理总体目标而开展的一系列管理活动。现代人力资源管理要求薪资管理制度的设计不仅要满足和维持员工的基本生活需要，激发员工的工作积极性，还赋予了其促进组织发展的更高职能，即建立一个公平、合理的报酬分配制度，促进人员的合理流动和员工能力的最大程度提高和发挥，维持组织的正常秩序，创造良好的合作环境，营造管理者和被管理者之间的信任关系等。
3.实现企业薪酬设计和企业发展战略的有机结合。在当前中小企业的发展过程中，很多企业属于知识型员工集中的科技型企业，其高级管理人员、专业技术骨干在工作中需要有很大的创意和保持较强的个性。企业组织可以通过工作制度、员工影力、人力资本流动政策来执行内在报酬，实现员工自我激励。从企业管理的角度看，激励功能是薪酬的核心职能。薪酬管理与企业的其他管理结合起来，能使薪酬的变动调节企业各个生产环节的人力资源，达到有效配置企业内部各种资源的目的。薪酬制度越是成为支持公司战略的关键因素，员工们就越能够更好地理解和评价公司的战略。薪酬制度与战略之间的统一程度通常决定了战略是否能够有效实施的关键。
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1. 人力资源会计论文参考文献
2. 人力资源会计论文提纲
3. 人力资源管理论文的参考文献
4. 人力资源管理论文参考文献
5. 人力资源管理论文的参考文献
6. 人力资源论文参考文献
Human resource plays the pivotal role in social economy development increasingly. 5P model is regarded as a very important model in human resource management, while it delivers the huge purpose and instant effect. But we have to realize that the application of 5P needs to one environment that cooperation of every department and plan the relevant policies, therefore enterprises utilize 5P model depending on practical situation. This anticle tries to realize the huge effect of 5P model very well through both discussing the content of 5P model and 洛北春酒业集团`s successful experience.
Along with the improvement of the macroeconomic environment, enterprises are facing a tremendous new opportunities for development, Meanwhile, along with economic liberalization and a higher level of accession to the WTO, enterprises are facing competition growing rapidly. Talents have become established enterprises competitive advantage, and grasp the opportunities for development the key. It can be said that "the importance of human capital, to the people-oriented" concept has been widely accepted. However, to accept a concept of concepts into effective action; Also need a certain process, and it is a fairly difficult process. In this process, an effective method is based on the internal and external environment of the actual situation, formulate measures to the corresponding talent strategy, and in practice to constantly improve and refine. Based on Long billion Fushun Petrochemical Company Limited, the management of human resources, along with the macroeconomic improvement, Along with the economic development of enterprise and talent have become enterprises in establishing competitive advantage, and grasp the opportunities for development the key. "The importance of human capital, to the people-oriented" concept has been widely accepted, For a company to solve internal Human Resources Department to the problems.
resource management (HRM) is the strategic and coherent approach to the management of an organization's most valued assets - the people working there who individually and collectively contribute to the achievement of the objectives of the business.[1] The terms "human resource management" and "human resources" (HR) have largely replaced the term "personnel management" as a description of the processes involved in managing people in organizations.[1] Human Resource management is evolving rapidly. Human resource management is both an academic theory and a business practice that addresses the theoretical and practical techniques of managing a features include:Personnel administration Personnel management Manpower management Industrial management[2][3] But these traditional expressions are becoming less common for the theoretical discipline. Sometimes even industrial relations and employee relations are confusingly listed as synonyms,[4] although these normally refer to the relationship between management and workers and the behavior of workers in theoretical discipline is based primarily on the assumption that employees are individuals with varying goals and needs, and as such should not be thought of as basic business resources, such as trucks and filing cabinets. The field takes a positive view of workers, assuming that virtually all wish to contribute to the enterprise productively, and that the main obstacles to their endeavors are lack of knowledge, insufficient training, and failures of is seen by practitioners in the field as a more innovative view of workplace management than the traditional approach. Its techniques force the managers of an enterprise to express their goals with specificity so that they can be understood and undertaken by the workforce, and to provide the resources needed for them to successfully accomplish their assignments. As such, HRM techniques, when properly practiced, are expressive of the goals and operating practices of the enterprise overall. HRM is also seen by many to have a key role in risk reduction within organisations.[5]Synonyms such as personnel management are often used in a more restricted sense to describe activities that are necessary in the recruiting of a workforce, providing its members with payroll and benefits, and administrating their work-life needs. So if we move to actual definitions, Torrington and Hall (1987) define personnel management as being:“a series of activities which: first enable working people and their employing organisations to agree about the objectives and nature of their working relationship and, secondly, ensures that the agreement is fulfilled" (p. 49).While Miller (1987) suggests that HRM relates to:".......those decisions and actions which concern the management of employees at all levels in the business and which are related to the implementation of strategies directed towards creating and sustaining competitive advantage" (p. 352).Academic theoryThe goal of human resource management is to help an organization to meet strategic goals by attracting, and maintaining employees and also to manage them effectively. The key word here perhaps is "fit", . a HRM approach seeks to ensure a fit between the management of an organization's employees, and the overall strategic direction of the company (Miller, 1989).The basic premise of the academic theory of HRM is that humans are not machines, therefore we need to have an interdisciplinary examination of people in the workplace. Fields such as psychology, industrial engineering, industrial and organizational psychology, industrial relations, sociology, and critical theories: postmodernism, post-structuralism play a major role. Many colleges and universities offer bachelor and master degrees in Human Resources widely used scheme to describe the role of HRM, developed by Dave Ulrich, defines 4 fields for the HRM function:[6]Strategic business partner Change agent Employee champion Administration However, many HR functions these days struggle to get beyond the roles of administration and employee champion, and are seen rather as reactive than strategically proactive partners for the top management. In addition, HR organizations also have the difficulty in proving how their activities and processes add value to the company. Only in the recent years HR scholars and HR professionals are focusing to develop models that can measure if HR adds value.[7]Critical Academic TheoryPostmodernism plays an important part in Academic Theory and particularly in Critical Theory. Indeed Karen Legge in 'Human Resource Management: Rhetorics and Realities' possess the debate of whether HRM is a modernist project or a postmodern discourse (Legge 2004). In many ways, critically or not, many writers contend that HRM itself is an attempt to move away from the modernist traditions of personnel (man as machine) towards a postmodernist view of HRM (man as individuals). Critiques include the notion that because 'Human' is the subject we should recognize that people are complex and that it is only through various discourses that we understand the world. Man is not Machine, no matter what attempts are made to change it . Fordism / Taylorism, McDonaldisation (Modernism).Critical Theory also questions whether HRM is the pursuit of "attitudinal shaping" (Wilkinson 1998), particularly when considering empowerment, or perhaps more precisely pseudo-empowerment - as the critical perspective notes. Many critics note the move away from Man as Machine is often in many ways, more a Linguistic (discursive) move away than a real attempt to recognise the Human in Human Resource Theory, in particular postmodernism (poststructualism), recognises that because the subject is people in the workplace, the subject is a complex one, and therefore simplistic notions of 'the best way' or a unitary perspectives on the subject are too simplistic. It also considers the complex subject of power, power games, and office politics. Power in the workplace is a vast and complex subject that cannot be easily defined. This leaves many critics to suggest that Management 'Gurus', consultants, 'best practice' and HR models are often overly simplistic, but in order to sell an idea, they are simplified, and often lead Management as a whole to fall into the trap of oversimplifying the practiceHuman resources management comprises several processes. Together they are supposed to achieve the above mentioned goal. These processes can be performed in an HR department, but some tasks can also be outsourced or performed by line-managers or other planning Recruitment (sometimes separated into attraction and selection) Induction and Orientation Skills management Training and development Personnel administration Compensation in wage or salary Time management Travel management (sometimes assigned to accounting rather than HRM) Payroll (sometimes assigned to accounting rather than HRM) Employee benefits administration Personnel cost planning Performance appraisal CareersThe sort of careers available in HRM are varied. There are generalist HRM jobs such as human resource assistant. There are careers involved with employment, recruitment and placement and these are usually conducted by interviewers, EOE (Equal Opportunity Employment) specialists or college recruiters. Training and development specialism is often conducted by trainers and orientation specialists. Compensation and benefits tasks are handled by compensation analysts, salary administrators, and benefits organizationsProfessional organizations in HRM include the Society for Human Resource Management, the Chartered Institute of Personnel and Development (CIPD), the International Public Management Association for HR (IPMA-HR) and the International Personnel Management Association of Canada (IPMA-Canada).Management Association of Nepal [MAN]人力资源管理，是指为了完成管理工作中涉及人或人事方面的任务所进行的管理工作。人力资源管理工作包括：工作分析；制定人力需求计划以及人员招募；培训及开发；薪酬及福利管理、绩效评估；劳动关系管理等。人力资源管理愈来愈被重视。在经济发展成熟的体系下，人力资源管理必须配合以争取最佳的资源效益，若将不适当的人力配对不适当的职位，资源效益不但全无，或可能有损耗。现代经济讲求平衡及配合，提升管理效能和质素，就要人力资源配合以作平衡，个中的内容是设立人力资源架构框架，用最适合的人做最适合的工作。建立人力资源平台，作为沟通及搜集资讯渠道，将各方意见综合，舍短取长，以处理薪酬、福利等事宜。人力资源最重要是培训及发展，人力资源发展必须投资在培训方面，以发挥各阶层的人力资源潜能。发展简史在现实世界不同的国家人力资源的发展情况以及历史都不同。一般说来，人力资源的学术界发展经历了：人事管理（Personnel Management），人力资源管理（Human Resource Management）到现在新近兴起的人力资本管理（Human Capital Management）。其只要不同即在于公司和企业对待职员的理念的变化和发展。在人事管理阶段，人事经理们的工作是管理职工福利，以及和工会的法律程序方面。公司的上层管理部门将人事部门的各种活动以及公司职员皆看作公司的大笔纯支出，而尽可能的削减这部分的开支。公司对人事部的活动持不积极的支持态度。 在人力资源管理阶段，企业员工被看成企业的可以增值的资产而被发展以期充分利用潜能。人力资源部门充分利用职位分析，工作分析，职位概述，人员选择和招聘，员工培训等等活动来提高企业员工的效率，从而增加企业的管理和运营更加有效。当一个公司实行人力资源管理战略的时候，人力资源部门将被纳入公司战略计划的一个重要组成部分。公司的未来发展，市场拓展，新产品研发等等都要牵扯到人力资源部门的支持，协调与合作。人力资源被作为提高公司竞争力的战略手段而被重视。除此之外，人力资源管理就是协助公司去激励员工，透过一些物质上的满足和一些财务奖励，从而增加员工的对公司归属感、增加员工士气和减低对工作的不满等¨。有高昂的士气会使工作更加有效率和使工作更加顺利，最终公司和员工也各有得益。 在人力资本管理阶段，人力部门的基本职责仍与人力资源管理时期相似，但是企业员工不再被看作有发展潜力的资产，而是公司可以利用的资本。人力资源部门的各项活动被量化与公司的利润率挂钩，并且这也是衡量职工和各部门是否有效工作的主要手段。 主要职能人力资源管理的主要职能包括：人员招募；培训及开发；薪酬及福利管理。人员招募：人员招募又称为人员招聘。主要是基于组织（公司，政府，非盈利组织等）的近期及远期的业务需要，来制定人员需求的计划，并通过各种招聘手段来完成组织的人员需求。人员招募主要涉及人员规划，简历收集，选聘，录用及员工入职培训。培训及开发：培训及开发主要是通过一些培训及开发的技术及手段，提高员工的技能，以适应公司所处经营环境中的技术及知识的变化。主要的技术及手段有：培训 在岗培训 轮岗 员工继续教育计划 辅导，训导薪酬；福利管理：人力资源管理的内外部条件人力资源管理的外部条件劳动法规 劳动力市场 当地文化 人力资源管理的内部条件企业经营战略 国际化程度 人力资源部的组织设置有以下三种方式：职能型组织设置 人力规划 人力购得 培训与进修 工资和薪水 社会事业 对象型组织设置 技术类员工 管理类员工 领导层 受培训者 混合模式
The Dimensions of Management The Essential Drucker Peter F. Drucker Business enterprises—and public-service institutions as well—are organs of society. They do not exist for their own sake, but to fulfill a specific social purpose and to satisfy a specific need of a society, a community, or individuals. They are not ends in themselves, but means. The right question to ask in respect to them is not, what are they? But, what are they supposed to be doing and what are their tasks? Management, in turn, is the organ of the institution. The question, what is management, comes second. First we have to define management in and through its tasks. There are three tasks, equally important but essentially different, that management has to perform to enable the institution in its charge to function and to make its contribution. Establishing the specific purpose and mission of the institution, whether business enterprise, hospital, or university; Making work productive and the worker effective; Managing social impacts and social responsibilities. Mission An institution exists for a specific purpose and mission; it has a specific social function. In the business enterprise, this means economic performance. With respect to this first task, the task of economic performance, business and nonbusiness institutions differ. In respect to every other task, they are similar. But only business has economic performance as its specific mission; it is the definition of a business that it exists for the sake of economic performance. In all other institutions—hospital, church, university, or armed services—economic considerations are a restraint. In business enterprise, economic performance is the rationale and purpose. Business management must always, in every decision and action, put economic performance first. It can justify its existence and its authority only by the economic results it produces. A business management has failed if it does not produce economic results. It has failed if it does not supply goods and services desired by the consumer at a price the consumer is willing to pay. It has failed if it does not improve, or at least maintain, the wealth-producing capacity of the economic resources entrusted to it. And this, whatever the economic or political structure or ideology of a society, means responsibility for profitability. Worker Achievement The second task of management is to make work productive and the worker effective. A business enterprise (or any other institution) has only one true resource: people. It succeeds by making human resources productive. It accomplishes its goals through work. To make work productive is, therefore, an essential function. But at the same time, these institutions in today’s society are increasingly the means through which individual human beings find their livelihood, find their access to social status, to community and to individual achievement and satisfaction. To make the worker productive is, therefore, more and more important and is a measure of the performance of an institution. It is increasingly a task of management. Organizing work according to its own logic is only the first step. The second and far more difficult one is making work suitable for human beings—and their logic is radically different from the logic of work. Making the worker achieving implies consideration of the human being as an organism having peculiar physiological and psychological properties, abilities, and limitations, and a distinct mode of action. Social Responsibilities The third task of management is managing the social impacts and the social responsibilities of the enterprise. None of our institutions exists by itself and is an end in itself. Every one is an organ of society and exists for the sake of society. Business is no exception. Free enterprise cannot be justified as being good for business; it can be justified only as being good for society. Business exists to supply goods and services to customers, rather than to supply jobs to workers and managers, or even dividends to stockholders. The hospital does not exist for the sake of doctors and nurses, but for the sake of patients whose one and only desire is to leave the hospital cured and never comeback. Psychologically, geographically, culturally, and socially, institutions must be part of the community. To discharge its job, to produce economic goods and services, the business enterprise has to have impact on people, on communities, and on society. It has to have power and authority over people, ., employees, whose own ends and purposes are not defined by and within the enterprise. It has to have impact on the community as a neighbor, as the source of jobs and tax revenue (but also of waste products and pollutants). And, increasingly, in our pluralist society of organizations, it has to add to its fundamental concern for the quantities of life—., economic goods and services—concern for the quality of life, that is, for the physical, human, and social environment of modern man and modern community. A Philosophy of Management What the business enterprise needs is a principle of management that will give full scope to individual strength and responsibility, and at the same time give common direction of vision and effort, establish team work, and harmonize the goals of the individual with the common weal. The only principle that can do this is management by objectives and self-control. It makes the commonweal the aim of every manager. It substitutes for control from outside the stricter, more exacting and more effective control from the inside. It motivates the manager to action not because somebody tells him to do something or talks him into doing it, but because the objective needs of his task demand it. He acts not because somebody wants him to but because he himself decides that he has to—he acts, in other words, as a free man. Picking People the Basic Rules Making the right people decisions is the ultimate means of controlling an organization well. Such decisions reveal how competent management is, what its values are, and whether it takes its job seriously. No matter how hard managers try to keep their decisions a secret—and some still try hard—people decisions cannot be hidden. They are eminently visible. Decision-Making and the Computer The Effective Executive Peter F. Drucker As a result, decision-making can no longer be confined to the very small group at the top. In one way or another almost every knowledge worker in an organization will either have to become a decision-maker himself or will at least have to be able to play an active, an intelligent, and an autonomous part in the decision-making process. What in the past had been a highly specialized function, discharged by a small and usually clearly defined organ—with the rest adapting within a mold of custom and usage—is rapidly becoming a normal if not an everyday task of every single unit in this new social institution, the large-scale knowledge organization. The ability to make effective decisions increasingly determines the ability of every knowledge worker, at least of those in responsible positions, to be effective altogether. There are additional implications of the computer for decision-making. If properly used, for instance, it should free senior executives from much of the preoccupation with events inside the organization to which they are now being condemned by the absence or tardiness of reliable information. It should make it much easier for the executive to go and look for himself on the outside; that is, in the area where alone an organization can have results. There is indeed ample reason why the appearance of the computer has sparked interest in decision-making. But the reason is not that the computer will “take over” the decision. The reason is that with the computer’s taking over computation, people all the way down the line in the organization will have to learn to be executives and to make effective decisions.
resource management (HRM) is the strategic and coherent approach to the management of an organization's most valued assets - the people working there who individually and collectively contribute to the achievement of the objectives of the business.[1] The terms "human resource management" and "human resources" (HR) have largely replaced the term "personnel management" as a description of the processes involved in managing people in organizations.[1] Human Resource management is evolving rapidly. Human resource management is both an academic theory and a business practice that addresses the theoretical and practical techniques of managing a features include:Personnel administration Personnel management Manpower management Industrial management[2][3] But these traditional expressions are becoming less common for the theoretical discipline. Sometimes even industrial relations and employee relations are confusingly listed as synonyms,[4] although these normally refer to the relationship between management and workers and the behavior of workers in theoretical discipline is based primarily on the assumption that employees are individuals with varying goals and needs, and as such should not be thought of as basic business resources, such as trucks and filing cabinets. The field takes a positive view of workers, assuming that virtually all wish to contribute to the enterprise productively, and that the main obstacles to their endeavors are lack of knowledge, insufficient training, and failures of is seen by practitioners in the field as a more innovative view of workplace management than the traditional approach. Its techniques force the managers of an enterprise to express their goals with specificity so that they can be understood and undertaken by the workforce, and to provide the resources needed for them to successfully accomplish their assignments. As such, HRM techniques, when properly practiced, are expressive of the goals and operating practices of the enterprise overall. HRM is also seen by many to have a key role in risk reduction within organisations.[5]Synonyms such as personnel management are often used in a more restricted sense to describe activities that are necessary in the recruiting of a workforce, providing its members with payroll and benefits, and administrating their work-life needs. So if we move to actual definitions, Torrington and Hall (1987) define personnel management as being:“a series of activities which: first enable working people and their employing organisations to agree about the objectives and nature of their working relationship and, secondly, ensures that the agreement is fulfilled" (p. 49).While Miller (1987) suggests that HRM relates to:".......those decisions and actions which concern the management of employees at all levels in the business and which are related to the implementation of strategies directed towards creating and sustaining competitive advantage" (p. 352).Academic theoryThe goal of human resource management is to help an organization to meet strategic goals by attracting, and maintaining employees and also to manage them effectively. The key word here perhaps is "fit", . a HRM approach seeks to ensure a fit between the management of an organization's employees, and the overall strategic direction of the company (Miller, 1989).The basic premise of the academic theory of HRM is that humans are not machines, therefore we need to have an interdisciplinary examination of people in the workplace. Fields such as psychology, industrial engineering, industrial and organizational psychology, industrial relations, sociology, and critical theories: postmodernism, post-structuralism play a major role. Many colleges and universities offer bachelor and master degrees in Human Resources widely used scheme to describe the role of HRM, developed by Dave Ulrich, defines 4 fields for the HRM function:[6]Strategic business partner Change agent Employee champion Administration However, many HR functions these days struggle to get beyond the roles of administration and employee champion, and are seen rather as reactive than strategically proactive partners for the top management. In addition, HR organizations also have the difficulty in proving how their activities and processes add value to the company. Only in the recent years HR scholars and HR professionals are focusing to develop models that can measure if HR adds value.[7]Critical Academic TheoryPostmodernism plays an important part in Academic Theory and particularly in Critical Theory. Indeed Karen Legge in 'Human Resource Management: Rhetorics and Realities' possess the debate of whether HRM is a modernist project or a postmodern discourse (Legge 2004). In many ways, critically or not, many writers contend that HRM itself is an attempt to move away from the modernist traditions of personnel (man as machine) towards a postmodernist view of HRM (man as individuals). Critiques include the notion that because 'Human' is the subject we should recognize that people are complex and that it is only through various discourses that we understand the world. Man is not Machine, no matter what attempts are made to change it . Fordism / Taylorism, McDonaldisation (Modernism).Critical Theory also questions whether HRM is the pursuit of "attitudinal shaping" (Wilkinson 1998), particularly when considering empowerment, or perhaps more precisely pseudo-empowerment - as the critical perspective notes. Many critics note the move away from Man as Machine is often in many ways, more a Linguistic (discursive) move away than a real attempt to recognise the Human in Human Resource Theory, in particular postmodernism (poststructualism), recognises that because the subject is people in the workplace, the subject is a complex one, and therefore simplistic notions of 'the best way' or a unitary perspectives on the subject are too simplistic. It also considers the complex subject of power, power games, and office politics. Power in the workplace is a vast and complex subject that cannot be easily defined. This leaves many critics to suggest that Management 'Gurus', consultants, 'best practice' and HR models are often overly simplistic, but in order to sell an idea, they are simplified, and often lead Management as a whole to fall into the trap of oversimplifying the practiceHuman resources management comprises several processes. Together they are supposed to achieve the above mentioned goal. These processes can be performed in an HR department, but some tasks can also be outsourced or performed by line-managers or other planning Recruitment (sometimes separated into attraction and selection) Induction and Orientation Skills management Training and development Personnel administration Compensation in wage or salary Time management Travel management (sometimes assigned to accounting rather than HRM) Payroll (sometimes assigned to accounting rather than HRM) Employee benefits administration Personnel cost planning Performance appraisal CareersThe sort of careers available in HRM are varied. There are generalist HRM jobs such as human resource assistant. There are careers involved with employment, recruitment and placement and these are usually conducted by interviewers, EOE (Equal Opportunity Employment) specialists or college recruiters. Training and development specialism is often conducted by trainers and orientation specialists. Compensation and benefits tasks are handled by compensation analysts, salary administrators, and benefits organizationsProfessional organizations in HRM include the Society for Human Resource Management, the Chartered Institute of Personnel and Development (CIPD), the International Public Management Association for HR (IPMA-HR) and the International Personnel Management Association of Canada (IPMA-Canada).Management Association of Nepal [MAN]人力资源管理，是指为了完成管理工作中涉及人或人事方面的任务所进行的管理工作。人力资源管理工作包括：工作分析；制定人力需求计划以及人员招募；培训及开发；薪酬及福利管理、绩效评估；劳动关系管理等。人力资源管理愈来愈被重视。在经济发展成熟的体系下，人力资源管理必须配合以争取最佳的资源效益，若将不适当的人力配对不适当的职位，资源效益不但全无，或可能有损耗。现代经济讲求平衡及配合，提升管理效能和质素，就要人力资源配合以作平衡，个中的内容是设立人力资源架构框架，用最适合的人做最适合的工作。建立人力资源平台，作为沟通及搜集资讯渠道，将各方意见综合，舍短取长，以处理薪酬、福利等事宜。人力资源最重要是培训及发展，人力资源发展必须投资在培训方面，以发挥各阶层的人力资源潜能。发展简史在现实世界不同的国家人力资源的发展情况以及历史都不同。一般说来，人力资源的学术界发展经历了：人事管理（Personnel Management），人力资源管理（Human Resource Management）到现在新近兴起的人力资本管理（Human Capital Management）。其只要不同即在于公司和企业对待职员的理念的变化和发展。在人事管理阶段，人事经理们的工作是管理职工福利，以及和工会的法律程序方面。公司的上层管理部门将人事部门的各种活动以及公司职员皆看作公司的大笔纯支出，而尽可能的削减这部分的开支。公司对人事部的活动持不积极的支持态度。 在人力资源管理阶段，企业员工被看成企业的可以增值的资产而被发展以期充分利用潜能。人力资源部门充分利用职位分析，工作分析，职位概述，人员选择和招聘，员工培训等等活动来提高企业员工的效率，从而增加企业的管理和运营更加有效。当一个公司实行人力资源管理战略的时候，人力资源部门将被纳入公司战略计划的一个重要组成部分。公司的未来发展，市场拓展，新产品研发等等都要牵扯到人力资源部门的支持，协调与合作。人力资源被作为提高公司竞争力的战略手段而被重视。除此之外，人力资源管理就是协助公司去激励员工，透过一些物质上的满足和一些财务奖励，从而增加员工的对公司归属感、增加员工士气和减低对工作的不满等¨。有高昂的士气会使工作更加有效率和使工作更加顺利，最终公司和员工也各有得益。 在人力资本管理阶段，人力部门的基本职责仍与人力资源管理时期相似，但是企业员工不再被看作有发展潜力的资产，而是公司可以利用的资本。人力资源部门的各项活动被量化与公司的利润率挂钩，并且这也是衡量职工和各部门是否有效工作的主要手段。 主要职能人力资源管理的主要职能包括：人员招募；培训及开发；薪酬及福利管理。人员招募：人员招募又称为人员招聘。主要是基于组织（公司，政府，非盈利组织等）的近期及远期的业务需要，来制定人员需求的计划，并通过各种招聘手段来完成组织的人员需求。人员招募主要涉及人员规划，简历收集，选聘，录用及员工入职培训。培训及开发：培训及开发主要是通过一些培训及开发的技术及手段，提高员工的技能，以适应公司所处经营环境中的技术及知识的变化。主要的技术及手段有：培训 在岗培训 轮岗 员工继续教育计划 辅导，训导薪酬；福利管理：人力资源管理的内外部条件人力资源管理的外部条件劳动法规 劳动力市场 当地文化 人力资源管理的内部条件企业经营战略 国际化程度 人力资源部的组织设置有以下三种方式：职能型组织设置 人力规划 人力购得 培训与进修 工资和薪水 社会事业 对象型组织设置 技术类员工 管理类员工 领导层 受培训者 混合模式
1、小微企业的人力资源管理瓶颈。2、绩效考核中的异常处理分析。3、未来人力资源管理在企业中的应用创新与开发管理。4、社会公益事业人力资源管理现状分析。……可以展开来想，可以立题的有很多~
八十年代以来，人力资源和人力资源管理日益受到企业的重视，进入九十年代后，无论在理论上还是在实践中，人力资源管理都得到了很大的发展。下面是我带来的关于人力资源管理专业毕业论文选题的内容，欢迎阅读参考!人力资源管理专业毕业论文选题(一) 1、浅谈薪酬设计 2、薪酬制度改革对提高企业竞争力的研究 3、福利保障制度的产生与发展 4、 国有企业经营者年薪制的思考 5、工资管理制度的比较分析 6、公司如何平衡各部门员工的绩效工资 7、薪酬制度与员工激励问题初探 8、工资决定因素与企业劳动工资改革分析 9、论现代企业制度中的员工持股计划 10、提升企业竞争优势的薪酬战略研究 11、企业高管薪酬和公司业绩关系研究 12、如何建立科学合理的薪酬激励机制与体系 13、知识经济下企业薪酬体系设计及其应用 14、关于企业(或国有企业、家族企业等)年薪制的思考 15、关于经营管理者长期报酬激励机制的探讨 人力资源管理专业毕业论文选题(二) 1. 浅析我国企业人力资源绩效考核办法 2. 加强绩效考核，努力实现企业资产保值增值 3. 机械制造企业研发类员工绩效考核研究 4. 商业银行员工绩效评价体系研究 5. 现代工业企业人力资源绩效考评体系研究 6. 我国公务员绩效考核制度研究 7. 论我国公务员绩效考核存在的问题及改进对策 8. 员工绩效考核与薪酬评估 9. 人力资源绩效考核方法研究与应用 10. ××公司集合年金制剖析 11. 浅谈××公司的宽带薪酬设计 12. ××公司基于岗位评价的薪酬设计 13. 浅析××中小企业岗位定薪设计 14. 浅谈员工的精神福利--员工援助计划EAP 15. 浅析××公司组合工资制度的设计 16. 企业“密薪制”与“明薪”制比较分析 17. 可口可乐公司薪酬管理制度之我见 18. 金立企业员工薪酬管理 19. 我国行业工资差异之演进及其原因 20. 自助式福利体系的设计 人力资源管理专业毕业论文选题(三) 1. 论肯德基的企业文化对于员工的激励作用 2. 基于平衡计分卡的XXX公司/职位绩效考核设计 3. XX上市公司管理人员内部晋升的局限性分析 4. 劳动密集型企业的绩效管理初探---以××为例 5. ××公司破解绩效管理中“轮流坐庄”之法 6. ××公司非正式员工激励问题 7. XX公司一线员工薪酬体系设计研究 8. 高校教师现有薪酬满意度的实证研究 9. 国有改制分流企业薪酬管理体系和绩效管理体系的研究与设计 10. 在华日资中小型企业人才队伍激励方案研究 11. 美国薪酬管理模式对我国的启示 12. 提升企业竞争优势的薪酬战略研究 13. XX人员薪酬水平与薪酬满意关系的实证研究 14. ××高校教师薪酬满意度及影响因素探析 15. 企业员工全面薪酬要素组合模式实证研究---以××为例 16. 基于需求层次理论的薪酬分类与员工偏好研究---以××为例 17. ××公司产异化管理模式在薪酬政策中的应用 18. ××公司内部薪酬差距对组织未来绩效影响的实证研究 19. ××公司的技能薪酬设计探讨 猜你喜欢： 1. 人力毕业论文选题 2. 人力资源管理毕业论文题目 3. 人力资源毕业论文较好的题目 4. 人力资源毕业论文选题 5. 人力资源管理本科毕业论文题目
many HR functions these days struggle to get beyond the roles of administration and employee champion, and are seen rather as reactive than strategically proactive partners for the top management. In addition, HR organizations also have the difficulty in proving how their activities and processes add value to the company. Only in the recent years HR scholars and HR professionals are focusing to develop models that can measure if HR adds value
八十年代以来，人力资源和人力资源管理日益受到企业的重视，进入九十年代后，无论在理论上还是在实践中，人力资源管理都得到了很大的发展。下面是我带来的关于人力资源管理专业毕业论文选题的内容，欢迎阅读参考!人力资源管理专业毕业论文选题(一) 1、浅谈薪酬设计 2、薪酬制度改革对提高企业竞争力的研究 3、福利保障制度的产生与发展 4、 国有企业经营者年薪制的思考 5、工资管理制度的比较分析 6、公司如何平衡各部门员工的绩效工资 7、薪酬制度与员工激励问题初探 8、工资决定因素与企业劳动工资改革分析 9、论现代企业制度中的员工持股计划 10、提升企业竞争优势的薪酬战略研究 11、企业高管薪酬和公司业绩关系研究 12、如何建立科学合理的薪酬激励机制与体系 13、知识经济下企业薪酬体系设计及其应用 14、关于企业(或国有企业、家族企业等)年薪制的思考 15、关于经营管理者长期报酬激励机制的探讨 人力资源管理专业毕业论文选题(二) 1. 浅析我国企业人力资源绩效考核办法 2. 加强绩效考核，努力实现企业资产保值增值 3. 机械制造企业研发类员工绩效考核研究 4. 商业银行员工绩效评价体系研究 5. 现代工业企业人力资源绩效考评体系研究 6. 我国公务员绩效考核制度研究 7. 论我国公务员绩效考核存在的问题及改进对策 8. 员工绩效考核与薪酬评估 9. 人力资源绩效考核方法研究与应用 10. ××公司集合年金制剖析 11. 浅谈××公司的宽带薪酬设计 12. ××公司基于岗位评价的薪酬设计 13. 浅析××中小企业岗位定薪设计 14. 浅谈员工的精神福利--员工援助计划EAP 15. 浅析××公司组合工资制度的设计 16. 企业“密薪制”与“明薪”制比较分析 17. 可口可乐公司薪酬管理制度之我见 18. 金立企业员工薪酬管理 19. 我国行业工资差异之演进及其原因 20. 自助式福利体系的设计 人力资源管理专业毕业论文选题(三) 1. 论肯德基的企业文化对于员工的激励作用 2. 基于平衡计分卡的XXX公司/职位绩效考核设计 3. XX上市公司管理人员内部晋升的局限性分析 4. 劳动密集型企业的绩效管理初探---以××为例 5. ××公司破解绩效管理中“轮流坐庄”之法 6. ××公司非正式员工激励问题 7. XX公司一线员工薪酬体系设计研究 8. 高校教师现有薪酬满意度的实证研究 9. 国有改制分流企业薪酬管理体系和绩效管理体系的研究与设计 10. 在华日资中小型企业人才队伍激励方案研究 11. 美国薪酬管理模式对我国的启示 12. 提升企业竞争优势的薪酬战略研究 13. XX人员薪酬水平与薪酬满意关系的实证研究 14. ××高校教师薪酬满意度及影响因素探析 15. 企业员工全面薪酬要素组合模式实证研究---以××为例 16. 基于需求层次理论的薪酬分类与员工偏好研究---以××为例 17. ××公司产异化管理模式在薪酬政策中的应用 18. ××公司内部薪酬差距对组织未来绩效影响的实证研究 19. ××公司的技能薪酬设计探讨 猜你喜欢： 1. 人力毕业论文选题 2. 人力资源管理毕业论文题目 3. 人力资源毕业论文较好的题目 4. 人力资源毕业论文选题 5. 人力资源管理本科毕业论文题目
many HR functions these days struggle to get beyond the roles of administration and employee champion, and are seen rather as reactive than strategically proactive partners for the top management. In addition, HR organizations also have the difficulty in proving how their activities and processes add value to the company. Only in the recent years HR scholars and HR professionals are focusing to develop models that can measure if HR adds value
我给些选题你自己参考参考吧，因为不清楚你需要那方面的选题，所以就随便发了点给你。
要是有懂的可以问我。
resource management (HRM) is the strategic and coherent approach to the management of an organization's most valued assets - the people working there who individually and collectively contribute to the achievement of the objectives of the business.[1] The terms "human resource management" and "human resources" (HR) have largely replaced the term "personnel management" as a description of the processes involved in managing people in organizations.[1] Human Resource management is evolving rapidly. Human resource management is both an academic theory and a business practice that addresses the theoretical and practical techniques of managing a features include:Personnel administration Personnel management Manpower management Industrial management[2][3] But these traditional expressions are becoming less common for the theoretical discipline. Sometimes even industrial relations and employee relations are confusingly listed as synonyms,[4] although these normally refer to the relationship between management and workers and the behavior of workers in theoretical discipline is based primarily on the assumption that employees are individuals with varying goals and needs, and as such should not be thought of as basic business resources, such as trucks and filing cabinets. The field takes a positive view of workers, assuming that virtually all wish to contribute to the enterprise productively, and that the main obstacles to their endeavors are lack of knowledge, insufficient training, and failures of is seen by practitioners in the field as a more innovative view of workplace management than the traditional approach. Its techniques force the managers of an enterprise to express their goals with specificity so that they can be understood and undertaken by the workforce, and to provide the resources needed for them to successfully accomplish their assignments. As such, HRM techniques, when properly practiced, are expressive of the goals and operating practices of the enterprise overall. HRM is also seen by many to have a key role in risk reduction within organisations.[5]Synonyms such as personnel management are often used in a more restricted sense to describe activities that are necessary in the recruiting of a workforce, providing its members with payroll and benefits, and administrating their work-life needs. So if we move to actual definitions, Torrington and Hall (1987) define personnel management as being:“a series of activities which: first enable working people and their employing organisations to agree about the objectives and nature of their working relationship and, secondly, ensures that the agreement is fulfilled" (p. 49).While Miller (1987) suggests that HRM relates to:".......those decisions and actions which concern the management of employees at all levels in the business and which are related to the implementation of strategies directed towards creating and sustaining competitive advantage" (p. 352).Academic theoryThe goal of human resource management is to help an organization to meet strategic goals by attracting, and maintaining employees and also to manage them effectively. The key word here perhaps is "fit", . a HRM approach seeks to ensure a fit between the management of an organization's employees, and the overall strategic direction of the company (Miller, 1989).The basic premise of the academic theory of HRM is that humans are not machines, therefore we need to have an interdisciplinary examination of people in the workplace. Fields such as psychology, industrial engineering, industrial and organizational psychology, industrial relations, sociology, and critical theories: postmodernism, post-structuralism play a major role. Many colleges and universities offer bachelor and master degrees in Human Resources widely used scheme to describe the role of HRM, developed by Dave Ulrich, defines 4 fields for the HRM function:[6]Strategic business partner Change agent Employee champion Administration However, many HR functions these days struggle to get beyond the roles of administration and employee champion, and are seen rather as reactive than strategically proactive partners for the top management. In addition, HR organizations also have the difficulty in proving how their activities and processes add value to the company. Only in the recent years HR scholars and HR professionals are focusing to develop models that can measure if HR adds value.[7]Critical Academic TheoryPostmodernism plays an important part in Academic Theory and particularly in Critical Theory. Indeed Karen Legge in 'Human Resource Management: Rhetorics and Realities' possess the debate of whether HRM is a modernist project or a postmodern discourse (Legge 2004). In many ways, critically or not, many writers contend that HRM itself is an attempt to move away from the modernist traditions of personnel (man as machine) towards a postmodernist view of HRM (man as individuals). Critiques include the notion that because 'Human' is the subject we should recognize that people are complex and that it is only through various discourses that we understand the world. Man is not Machine, no matter what attempts are made to change it . Fordism / Taylorism, McDonaldisation (Modernism).Critical Theory also questions whether HRM is the pursuit of "attitudinal shaping" (Wilkinson 1998), particularly when considering empowerment, or perhaps more precisely pseudo-empowerment - as the critical perspective notes. Many critics note the move away from Man as Machine is often in many ways, more a Linguistic (discursive) move away than a real attempt to recognise the Human in Human Resource Theory, in particular postmodernism (poststructualism), recognises that because the subject is people in the workplace, the subject is a complex one, and therefore simplistic notions of 'the best way' or a unitary perspectives on the subject are too simplistic. It also considers the complex subject of power, power games, and office politics. Power in the workplace is a vast and complex subject that cannot be easily defined. This leaves many critics to suggest that Management 'Gurus', consultants, 'best practice' and HR models are often overly simplistic, but in order to sell an idea, they are simplified, and often lead Management as a whole to fall into the trap of oversimplifying the practiceHuman resources management comprises several processes. Together they are supposed to achieve the above mentioned goal. These processes can be performed in an HR department, but some tasks can also be outsourced or performed by line-managers or other planning Recruitment (sometimes separated into attraction and selection) Induction and Orientation Skills management Training and development Personnel administration Compensation in wage or salary Time management Travel management (sometimes assigned to accounting rather than HRM) Payroll (sometimes assigned to accounting rather than HRM) Employee benefits administration Personnel cost planning Performance appraisal CareersThe sort of careers available in HRM are varied. There are generalist HRM jobs such as human resource assistant. There are careers involved with employment, recruitment and placement and these are usually conducted by interviewers, EOE (Equal Opportunity Employment) specialists or college recruiters. Training and development specialism is often conducted by trainers and orientation specialists. Compensation and benefits tasks are handled by compensation analysts, salary administrators, and benefits organizationsProfessional organizations in HRM include the Society for Human Resource Management, the Chartered Institute of Personnel and Development (CIPD), the International Public Management Association for HR (IPMA-HR) and the International Personnel Management Association of Canada (IPMA-Canada).Management Association of Nepal [MAN]人力资源管理，是指为了完成管理工作中涉及人或人事方面的任务所进行的管理工作。人力资源管理工作包括：工作分析；制定人力需求计划以及人员招募；培训及开发；薪酬及福利管理、绩效评估；劳动关系管理等。人力资源管理愈来愈被重视。在经济发展成熟的体系下，人力资源管理必须配合以争取最佳的资源效益，若将不适当的人力配对不适当的职位，资源效益不但全无，或可能有损耗。现代经济讲求平衡及配合，提升管理效能和质素，就要人力资源配合以作平衡，个中的内容是设立人力资源架构框架，用最适合的人做最适合的工作。建立人力资源平台，作为沟通及搜集资讯渠道，将各方意见综合，舍短取长，以处理薪酬、福利等事宜。人力资源最重要是培训及发展，人力资源发展必须投资在培训方面，以发挥各阶层的人力资源潜能。发展简史在现实世界不同的国家人力资源的发展情况以及历史都不同。一般说来，人力资源的学术界发展经历了：人事管理（Personnel Management），人力资源管理（Human Resource Management）到现在新近兴起的人力资本管理（Human Capital Management）。其只要不同即在于公司和企业对待职员的理念的变化和发展。在人事管理阶段，人事经理们的工作是管理职工福利，以及和工会的法律程序方面。公司的上层管理部门将人事部门的各种活动以及公司职员皆看作公司的大笔纯支出，而尽可能的削减这部分的开支。公司对人事部的活动持不积极的支持态度。 在人力资源管理阶段，企业员工被看成企业的可以增值的资产而被发展以期充分利用潜能。人力资源部门充分利用职位分析，工作分析，职位概述，人员选择和招聘，员工培训等等活动来提高企业员工的效率，从而增加企业的管理和运营更加有效。当一个公司实行人力资源管理战略的时候，人力资源部门将被纳入公司战略计划的一个重要组成部分。公司的未来发展，市场拓展，新产品研发等等都要牵扯到人力资源部门的支持，协调与合作。人力资源被作为提高公司竞争力的战略手段而被重视。除此之外，人力资源管理就是协助公司去激励员工，透过一些物质上的满足和一些财务奖励，从而增加员工的对公司归属感、增加员工士气和减低对工作的不满等¨。有高昂的士气会使工作更加有效率和使工作更加顺利，最终公司和员工也各有得益。 在人力资本管理阶段，人力部门的基本职责仍与人力资源管理时期相似，但是企业员工不再被看作有发展潜力的资产，而是公司可以利用的资本。人力资源部门的各项活动被量化与公司的利润率挂钩，并且这也是衡量职工和各部门是否有效工作的主要手段。 主要职能人力资源管理的主要职能包括：人员招募；培训及开发；薪酬及福利管理。人员招募：人员招募又称为人员招聘。主要是基于组织（公司，政府，非盈利组织等）的近期及远期的业务需要，来制定人员需求的计划，并通过各种招聘手段来完成组织的人员需求。人员招募主要涉及人员规划，简历收集，选聘，录用及员工入职培训。培训及开发：培训及开发主要是通过一些培训及开发的技术及手段，提高员工的技能，以适应公司所处经营环境中的技术及知识的变化。主要的技术及手段有：培训 在岗培训 轮岗 员工继续教育计划 辅导，训导薪酬；福利管理：人力资源管理的内外部条件人力资源管理的外部条件劳动法规 劳动力市场 当地文化 人力资源管理的内部条件企业经营战略 国际化程度 人力资源部的组织设置有以下三种方式：职能型组织设置 人力规划 人力购得 培训与进修 工资和薪水 社会事业 对象型组织设置 技术类员工 管理类员工 领导层 受培训者 混合模式