外贸函电论文模板

This is an english writing howto I copied from somewhere (name withheld) some time ago. hopefully you'll find it helpful too. 日常要处理许多信件电邮,因而运用英语上不得不留神,以下有一些个人意见,也参考了一些书本,希望大家有所得益。 外贸函电写作技巧之一 A. 文法上 1. 切忌主客不分或模糊. 例子: Deciding to rescind the earlier estimate, our report was updated to include $40,000 for new equipment.” 应改为 Deciding to rescind our earlier estimate, we have updated our report to include $40,000 for new equipment. (We决定呀, 不是report.) 2.句子不要凌碎. 例子: He decided not to audit the last ten contracts. Because of our previous objections about compliance. 应该连在一起. 3.结构对称,令人容易理解. 例子: The owner questioned the occupant's lease intentions and the fact that the contract had been altered with ink markings. 应改为: The owner questioned the occupant's lease intentions and ink alterations of the contract. 4.单众数不要搞乱,不然会好刺眼,看不舒服. 例如: An authorized person must show that they have security clearance. 5.动词主词要呼应. 想想这两个分别: 1.This is one of the public-relations functions that is underbudgeted. 2. This is one of the public-relations functions, which are underbudgeted. 6.时态和语气不要转变太多.看商务英语已经是苦事,不要浪费人家的精力啊. 7.标点要准确. 例如: He did not make repairs, however, he continued to monitor the equipment. 改为: He did not make repairs; however, he continued to monitor the equipment. 8.选词正确. 好像affect和effect, operative和operational等等就要弄清楚才好用啦. 9.拼字正确. 有电脑拼字检查功能后,就更加不能偷懒. 10.大小写要注意.非必要不要整个字都是大写,除非要骂人,:,例如: MUST change to OS immediately. 外国人就觉得不礼貌和喝令人一样. 要强调的话,用底线,斜字,粗体就可以了. 外贸函电写作技巧之二 B. 文体 1.可读性.对象是大学程度的话,用高中的英文就行,不要以为人人都是语言大师.多用短句(15-20字吧), 技术性的字,就更加要简单易明. 2.注意段落的开头.一般来说,重要或强调的事情都放在信件或段落的开头,而句子就放在最尾. 例如: 1.Because he was unable to attend the meeting personally, he forwarded his congratulations on cassette tape. 2.He forwarded his congratulations on cassette tape because he was unable to attend the meeting personally. 两者强调的事情就有分别了. 3.轻重有分. 同等重要的用and来连接,较轻放在次要的句子里. 4.意思转接词要留神. 例如: but (相反), therefore (结论), also (增添), for example (阐明). 分不清furthermore和moreover就不要用啦. 5.句子开头不要含糊不清的主词. 例子: These decisions have been a big disappointment to the committee members. They have delayed further action. They是指什么呀????开头少用this, that, it, they, 或 which. 6.修饰词的位置要小心,例如: He could only reimburse the cost after July 15. 应为 He could reimburse the cost only after July 15. 7.用语要肯定准确.切忌含糊. 例如:The figures show a significant increase.” 怎样significant呀,大哥? 改为: The figures show an increase of 19%. 8.立场观点一致. 少用被动语. 例如: Partial data should be submitted by April. 改为: You should submit partial data by April.就很好了. 外贸函电写作技巧之三 C. 格调 1.式样和句子长度不要太单调. 千篇一律的subject-verb-object会闷死人的.有时短句跟着长句可以化解一下. 2.弱软的词(e.g. was, were, is, are...)可以加强一点. 例如: Prunton products are highly effective in ... 改为: Prunton products excel in ...就有力很多了. 3.亲切,口语化是比较受欢迎! 用宾词和主动的词,让人家受落. 例如: 1. This information will be sincerely appreciated.” 2. We sincerely appreciate your information. 明显地,我们会喜欢第2句. 外贸函电写作技巧之四 D. 写信提示 1.人家的名字千万不要错.老一辈的看到名字错就干脆撵去垃圾桶. 同样, 头衔都不要错. 头衔或学位,任择其一吧.以下是一样的: Howard E. Wyatt, D.D.SPhD. Dr. Howard E. Hyatt 2.多过一个男人,用Messrs,就是Misters的意思,不过不要跟名字,跟姓就行啦.例如: Messrs. Smith, Wyatt, and Fury 女人呢? 用Mesdames, Mmes., or Mses. 同样不要跟名字. 例子: Mses. Farb, Lionel, and Gray 男女一齐呢? 弄清楚称呼就行.例如: Dr. and Mrs. Harold Wright Mr. Harold Wright and Dr. Margaret Wright Mr. and Mrs. Harvey Adams-Quinn 3.有人有自己头衔就要跟紧,例如有人有荣誉学位就不喜欢用一般的头衔啊~有时大头不知道对方头衔,干脆用Ms.算了. Ms. Sarah Gray 4.地址要低日期至少两行.处名时,职衔短可以一行过,长就下一行吧.例如: Ken Green, President Ken Green Vice President of International Operations 但这个就显得有点。。。: Ken Green Vice President of Unicom China 正确应为: Ken Green Vice President, Unicom China 5.老外的名字有时有Jr. 或 Sr.,之前的逗点是随你喜欢的,以下都是正确,不要笑人: Michael J. Smith, Jr. Michael J. Smith Sr. 6.外国国名尽量用大写.是为尊重,也方便邮差叔叔. 7.地址上的数字直接用阿拉伯数字吧,除了One,例子: 127 Ninth Avenue, North 127 E. 15 Street 5 Park Avenue One Wingren Plaza 556 - 91 Street 外贸函电写作技巧之五 书信的结尾致意要留意,弄清大家的关系才选择用词,例子: 1. Very formal非常正规的(例如给政府大老爷的) Respectfully yours, Yours respectfully, 2. formal正规的(例如客户公司之间啦) Very truly yours, Yours very truly, Yours truly, 3. Less formal不太正规的(例如客户) Sincerely yours, Yours sincerely, Sincerely, Cordially yours, Yours cordially, Cordially, 4. Informal非正规的(例如猪朋狗友,同事之类) Regards, Warm regards, With kindest regards, With my best regards, My best, Give my best to Mary, Fondly, Thanks, See you next week! 有时在we, I, and you之间选择是很烦的事-- 如果是公司代表联络生意之类,可以用: We will reimburse you for these legal expenses. Sinopec will reimburse you for these legal expenses. 如果单纯说你自己,可以用: I found the brochure very informative. 有时可以一起用啦...: We are pleased to offer you the position of sales director, and I am looking forward to our Tuesday morning meeting. 那么I和you呢?好烦好烦.一般来说,收信人的利益比较重要,名义上都要这样想.给人尊重的语气就一般不会错了. 多用you有时会有隔阂的感觉. You will be pleased to learn that you have been selected to serve on our advisory board. Your prompt response will be appreciated. (好像欠你一样) I'm pleased that our board has selected you as the best qualified candidate to serve on our advisory board. I hope you'll agree to serve. (这就友善多了) Your book was well written and comprehensive. (不用你来判断我呀~~) I thoroughly enjoyed your book and found an answer to every one of my questions about performance appraisals. (客气一点,人家受落) 总之,语气和宾词的运用得当能决定你的礼貌程度. 外贸函电写作技巧之六 开头致意 用人家的名字总好过人家的头衔称呼. 如果没有名字,或者是好正规信的信件,可以考虑这些: Dear Committee Membe:r: Dear Meeting Planner: Dear Colleagues: To All Sales Reps: To Whom It May Concern: Dear Sir or Madam: Dear Madam or Sir: Dear Purchasing Agent: 如果是公司呢? Gentlemen or Ladies: Ladies or Gentlemen: 什么怪事都有,如果那公司是全男班或全女班呢? Dear Sirs: Dear Ladies: Dear Mesdames: Gentlemen: Ladies: 有时见到人家用冒号就说人家错,其实也未必啊,看: Dear Mr. Jones: (非常正规) Dear Joan: Dear Jim, Jim, (非正规) 外贸函电写作技巧之七 签名 用笔亲自签名会比较受落,免到过都不要电脑贴图或盖章啦....不要把Mr., Ms., Mrs., Dr.之类一起签,人家会笑你的... 签名也看信件的语气.给朋友或公司客户,签Bill也可以,给陌生人就最好用Gates或者Bill Gates

写作商务信函并不要求您使用华丽优美的词句。所有您需要做的就是，用简单朴实的语言，准确的表达自己的意思，让对方可以非常清楚的了解您想说什么。围绕这一点，我们总结了几方面的内容，希望对您写作商务信函有借鉴作用。 1、口语化 每一封信函的往来，都是您跟收信人彼此之间的一次交流。人都是感性的，所以您需要在您的信函里体现感性的一面。然而很多人都有一种误解，以为写作商务信函就应该用一种特殊的“生意腔”，于是把一封本来应该是热情而友好的信函写得呆板而死气沉沉。他们宁愿写“Your letter has been received”，“Your complaint is being looked into”而不是“I have received your letter”或者“We are looking into your complaint”。其实我们简单的来理解一下，每次信函的往来不就是跟对方进行了一次交谈吗？只不过是把交谈的内容写到了纸上而已。多用一些简单明了的语句，用我/我们做主语，这样才能让我们的信函读起来热情，友好，就象两个朋友之间的谈话那样简单，自然，人性化。 2、语气语调 由于您写的信函都是有其目的性的，所以您信函里所采用的语气语调也应该符合您的目的。在写之前先不妨仔细考虑一下，您写这封信函是想达到一个什么样的目的，您希望对收信人产生一种怎样的影响呢？是歉意的，劝说性的，还是坚决的，要求性的。这完全可以通过信函中的语气语调来表现。 3、礼貌 我们这里所说的礼貌，并不是简单用一些礼貌用语比如your kind inquiry, your esteemed order等就可以的。而是要体现一种为他人考虑，多体谅对方心情和处境的态度。如果本着这样的态度去跟别人交流，那么就算您这次拒绝了对方的要求，也不会因此失去这个朋友，不会影响今后合作的机会。 特别要注意，当双方观点不能统一时，我们首先要理解并尊重对方的观点。如果对方的建议不合理或者对您的指责不公平时，请表现一下您的高姿态，您可以据理力争，说明您的观点，但注意要讲究礼节礼貌，避免用冒犯性的语言。 还要提醒一点，中国人有句话叫做“过犹不及”。任何事情，一旦过了头，效果反而不好。礼貌过了头，可能会变成阿谀奉承，真诚过了头，也会变成天真幼稚。所以最关键的还是要把握好“度”，才能达到预期的效果。 4、简洁 就象前面提到的，要用简洁朴实的语言来写信函，让您的信函读起来简单，清楚，容易理解。用常见的单词，避免生僻或者拼写复杂的单词。一个单词可以表达，就不要用词组。多用短句，因为短句更容易理解。少用“and”，“but”，“however”，“consequently”这些让句子变得冗长的连词。在同一封信函里，不要使用多个相同含义的单词。比如，您前面写了“goods have been sent”，那后面再提到这件事时就不要再用其他单词如“forward”“dispatch”等。因为这样写会误导您的读者无谓地去考虑这些词之间是否另有含义。 5、回复迅速及时 给买家的回复，千万要迅速及时。因为买家通常只看最先收到的几封回复，从中去选择合适的供应商。如果您的回复不够及时，就可能因为抢不到先机而失去商机。 6、标题 这一点是特别针对写电子邮件的。也许很多人都没有意识到，事实上，E-mail的标题是很重要的一个部分，您的邮件给对方的第一个印象就是通过标题来完成的。如果标题没有内容，看起来象群发的垃圾邮件的话，很多买家就会直接删除。比如这样的标题“How are you?” ，“Can we work together?”，建议您改成“Proposal: Bright Ideas Imports--Zhejiang Textile’s Partnership Opportunity”或者“Introduction: Our Product Offerings for Bright Ideas Imports.”这样您的邮件会显得更加专业。 7、精确 当涉及到数据或者具体的信息时，比如时间，地点，价格，货号等等，尽可能做到精确。这样会使交流的内容更加清楚，更有助于加快事务的进程。 8、针对性 请在邮件中写上对方公司的名称，或者在信头直接称呼收件人的名字。这样会让对方知道这封邮件是专门给他的，而不是那种群发的通函，从而表示对此的重视。当然，如果您无法确定收信人的名字，那就在称呼一栏里写“Dear Sirs” or “Dear Sir or Madam”。

去图书馆上免费的论文数据库 学习别人的技巧咨询你们的论文指导老师这样也许是最快最实际的加油

总是不时接待网友的访问，先提供一个大纲和部分实例，其他在你写的过程中慢慢商讨。题目：The Application of the Courtesy in Buisiness Letters大纲General outline正文A. The importance to use polite ways in a buisiness letter (略)B. the suitable formet of a letter helps to impress the other side deeply.1. A normative headline tells him how you are thinking highly of the deal between 正式信函在信端的有上角应该有印刷精美的name、address、tel、email、fax。西方国家中有些心头甚至还印有单位负责人和职称，各式美观，颜色艳丽，字体大小搭配适当，给人以美的感受。信端的目的是让人受到信函后对发文地点、时间和联系方式一目了然，便于复函和查阅。信端的格式有两种：并列式： 斜列式： __________ __________ __________ __________ __________ ____________ 2. A set of decent stationery and envelope 3. sultation (称呼用语) Your Excellency，your Excellency Respected 阁下. 后面可以加上头衔chairman, manager 或姓氏：XX 阁下 Your Majaexty … XX陛下 Your Highness … XX 殿下4. D. Body （正文）5. 签名 （Dignature）6. Introductive address C. 开头结尾常用语I am writing to ask if you can do me a favor to do ... 写信给您求您帮忙做......I hear that you are doing ... 听说您正......I am writing to you to ask about the meeting to be held next month. 写信给您大听一下下月会议事宜。Your letter came to me this morning. 大函今晨收悉。In replying to your letter about the ..., let me tell you that ... 关于......事宜，兹答复如下。I have received your letter of the ... inst. 本月X日已经收悉。I beg to notify (imform) you that ... 兹通知......I am glad to tell you that ... 我很高兴地告知您......Very many thanks for your kind letter. 非常感谢您的来信。Thank you very much for your letter dated ... X 日来信收到，甚为感谢。I feel very much complimented by your kind letter which arrived yesterday. 昨日收到大函甚感欣慰。I am in receipt of your kind note. 来函收悉。With great delight I learn that ... 欣闻......I was shocked to learn that ... 惊悉......I hope this letter reaches you in ... 希望您能在X 地收到此信。Please forgive me for not having replied to you earlier. 未及时回信敬请原谅。It is already a week since we saw each other last time. 上次见面至今已有一周时间。I am just writing a few lines to introduce XXX, whom, I think, you might like to meet. 兹介绍XXX，谨盼期会。I am very much obliged to you for your warm congratuations. 承蒙热情祝贺，万分感谢。Your favor of the X inst. has come to hand, and its contents have been duly noted. 本月X日来信收到，悉闻有关事宜。Not having heard of you for long, I feel anxious about you. 久未通信，甚感挂念。I beg a thousand pardons for not having written to you for greeting. 久未问候。歉甚歉甚。I am deeply sorry for negecting to reply more promptly to your favor of ... X日大函奉读，迟复为歉。First of all I must thank you for your kindness to me and for your compliments. 首先感谢您对我的友爱和问候。结尾用语With kindest loving regards. 顺致问候With very many thanks. 多谢！With fondest (best) love! 祝好！With many apologies for troubling you with this matter. 麻烦之处，深表歉意。Give my best wishes to ... 请向XX致意。XX joines me in love to you. XX附笔问好。XX asks also to add best wishes to mine. XX附笔致意。Much love to you and your family. 谨祝您及阖家安好。With my sincere sympathy and condolences. 特表同情和悼念。Please remember me to ... 带我向XX问好。All my best wishes for the future. 知您万事如意。Wish you every success in your future. 祝您马到成功。With the season's greetings. 谨致节日问候。Trusting to be favored with your generous reponse to our appeal. 望能惠于答复。Kindly favor us with a reply at your earlist convenience. 盼能早日赐复。Thank you for an early answer. 早日赐复，感激之至。Thank you in acvance for your kindess in granting my application. 承蒙俯允所请，特此敬谢I trust that my request will meet your favourable consideration and assure you of my cordial thanks. 望体谅我的请求，谨致崇高敬意For any other oarticulars please be sure to write to us again. 欲知其他详情，请再来函询问D. 商务函电常用语气语态分析。 1. 陈述语气2. 感叹语气3. 感叹语气4. .祈使语气5. 被动语态：淡化行为者，突出具体业务。6. 虚拟语气：起到委婉效果。E. 结尾