英语论文写作的七个步骤

As is known to all, it is important to be/ do… I think there are at least two reasons for… For one thing,… For another,… Let’s take… for example… From what I have mentioned above we can see that without… we can not … it is clear that… play an important part in…Different people, however, have different opinions on this Some people think that … According to them all of us should… Others argue that … in their point of view, nobody can without … Compared with…, has a lot of advantages over… There is no doubt that … As a consequence, … In short, I firmly support the view that … It is because… So my conclusion is that …(109words)1． 对立观点式： A．有人认为X 是好事，赞成X， 为什么？ B．有人认为X 是坏事， 反对X，为什么？ C．我的看法。 Some people are in favor of the idea of doing X They point out the fact that 支持X 的第一个原因。They also argue that 支持X 的另一个原因。 However, other people stand on a different They consider it harmful to do X They firmly point out that 反对X 的第一个理由。An example can give the details of this argument: 一个例子。 There is some truth in both But I think the advantages of X overweigh the In addition to the above-mentioned negative effects it might bring about, X also may X 的一个坏处。 2． 批驳观点式： A．一个错误观点。 B．我不同意。 Many people argue that 错误观点。By saying that, they mean 对这个观点的进一步解释。An example they have presented is that 一个例子。（According to a survey performed by X on a group of Y, almost 80% of them 赞成这个错误观点或者受到这个错误观点的影响）。 There might be some element of truth in these people's But if we consider it in depth, we will feel no reservation to conclude that 与错误观点相反的观点。There are a number of reasons behind my （以下参照辩论文的议论文写法）。 3． 社会问题（现象）式 A．一个社会问题或者现象。 B．产生的原因 C．对社会和我们生活的影响 D． 如何杜绝。（如果是问题的话） E． 前景的预测。 Nowadays, there exists an increasingly serious social/economic/environmental (X has increasingly become a common concern of the public) According to a survey, 调查内容说明这种现象的情况。（或者是一个例子） There are a couple of reasons booming this problem/ 下面参照辩论式议论文的写法。 X has caused substantial impact on the society and our daily life, which has been articulated in the following 参照辩论式议论文的写法。 A dozen of measures are supposed to take to prevent X from bringing us more 参照辩论式议论文的写法。 Based on the above discussions, I can easily forecast that more and more people 议论文有三要点：论点、论据、论证方法。论点：作者对某事某现象持有的见解或主张。论据：事实论据 理论论据 用来证明论点的理由或根据。论证方法：对比 归纳 演绎等

一，议论文的格式： 　　议论文的格式应由三个部分组成：立论部分，论证部分。结论部分。二，一般说来，议论文可分三个基本段落来写：第一段引出话题，第二段立论且加以论证，第三段给出明确的结论。第二段是中心段落，应试者应将主要的内容放在第二段中，同时也要注意开篇及结尾段落的完整性，且应尽量做到首尾呼应，切忌前后矛盾。 　　三，写作攻略：初中生在写议论文时要首先考虑自己的观点是什么，明确观点后要围绕观点进行论证，最后再进行总结。议论文在写作手法上以议论为主，但有时也要运用说明，叙述，描写等手法。初中议论文的写作格式一般为三段式：开头，主体和结尾。四，一般写作步骤如下：确定主题，引出论点。通过摆事实，讲道理来支持自己的观点。所用的事实，原因，理由应紧密地同结论联系在一起。得出结论。要简明扼要，回扣全文。扩展资料：模板范文Many students think that they do not need to learn Engish, because they don't plan to go abroad。But as to me, I am not in favour of this point of view。I think that English is very important to us, so we should learn English well。First of all, in the opening times, if you want to do business with foreigners, you must use English because most of them speak and write in English。Secondly, in the world today most books are written in English。If you know much English, you can read newspapers and magazines in English。Most important of all, you can learn something more widely。All in all, I hold the opinion that we should learn English well。 And I hope that all the students can use English freely。参考资料：百度百科——英语作文

一、引出开头1：It is well-known to us that……（我们都知道……）==As far as my knowledge is concerned, …（ 就我所知…）2：Recently the problem of…… has been brought into ==Nowadays there is a growing concern over ……（最近……问题引起了关注）3：Nowadays（overpopulation）has become a problem we have to （现今，人口过剩已成为我们不得不面对的问题）4：Internet has been playing an increasingly important role in our day-to-day It has brought a lot of benefits but has created some serious problems as （互联网已在我们的生活扮演着越来越重要的角色，它给我们带来了许多好处但也产生了一些严重的问题）5：With the rapid development of science and technology，more and more people believe that……（随着科技的迅速发展，越来越多的人认为……）6：It is a common belief that……==It is commonly believed that……（人们一般认为……）7：A lot of people seem to think that……（很多人似乎认为……）8:It is universally acknowledged that + 句子（全世界都知道）二、表达不同观点1：People's views on……vary from person to Some hold that……However, others believe that……（人们对……的观点因人而异，有些人认为……然而其他人却认为……）2：People may have different opinions on……（人们对……可能会持有不同见解）3：Attitudes towards （drugs）vary from person to ==Different people hold different attitudes towards（failure）（人们对待吸毒的态度因人而异）4:There are different opinions among people as to……（对于……人们的观点大不相同）三、表示结尾1：In short, it can be said that……（总之，他的意思是……）2：From what has been mentioned above, we can come to the conclusion that……（从上面提到的，我们可以得出结论……）3：Taking all these factors into consideration, we naturally/reasonably come to the conclusion that……（把所有的这些因素加以考虑，我们自然可以得出结论……）4：Hence/Therefore, we'd better come to the conclusion that……（因此，我们最好的出这样的结论……）5:There is no doubt that (job-hopping)has its drawbacks as well as （毫无疑问，跳槽有优点也有缺点）6：All in all, we cannot live without……,but at the same time we must try to find out new ways to cope with the problems that would （总之，我们没有……无法生活，但同时我们必须寻求新的解决办法来面对可能出现的新问题）四、提出建议1：It is high time that we put an end to the (trend)（该是我们停止这一趋势的时候了）2：There is no doubt that enough concern must be paid to the problem of……（毫无疑问，对……问题应予以足够重视）3：Obviously ,if we want to do something … it is essential that……（显然，如果我们想要做么事，很重要的是……）4：Only in this way can we ……（只有这样，我们才能……）5：Spare　no　effort　to　+　V　（不遗余力的）五、预示后果1：Obviously，if we don't control the problem, the chances are that……will lead us in （很明显，如果我们不能控制这一问题，很有可能我们会陷入危险）2：No doubt, unless we take effective measures, it is very likely that ……（毫无疑问，除非我们采取有效措施，否则我们很可能会……）3：It is urgent that immediate measures should be taken to stop the situation（很紧迫的是应立即采取措施阻止这一事态的发展）六、表示论证1：From my point of view, it is more reasonable to support the first opinion rather than the (在我看来，支持第一种观点比第二种更有道理)2：I cannot entirely agree with the idea that……（我无法完全同意这一观点）3：As far as I am concerned/In my opinion,……（就我来说……）4：I sincerely believe that……==I am greatly convinced (that)子句（我真诚地相信……）5：Finally, to speak frankly, there is also a more practical reason why ……（最后，坦率地说，还有另外一个实际的原因……）七、给出原因1：The reason why + 句子 ~~~ is that + 句子 （的原因是） 2:This phenomenon exists for a number of reasons First,……Second,……Third，……。这一现象存在有很多原因的，第一……第二……第三……3：For one thing,…… For another thing，…… ==On the one hand,……On the other hand……一方面……另一方面……4：I quite agree with the statement that……The reasons are chiefly as 我十分赞同这一论述，即……。其主要原因如下。八、列出解决办法和批判错误观点做法1：The best way to solve the troubles is……解决这些麻烦的最好办法是……2：As far as something is concerned,……就某事而言，……3;It is obvious that……很显然……4：It may be true that……but it doesn't mean that……可能……是对的，但这并不意味着……5;It is natural to believe that……but we shouldn't ignore that……认为……是自然的，但我们不应忽视……6：There is no evidence to suggest that……没有证据表明……九、表示好处和坏处1：It has the following 它有如下优势2：It is beneficial/harmful to ==It is of great benefit/harm to 它对我们有益处3:It has more disadvantages than 他有很多不足之处十、表示重要、方便、可能1：It is important(necessary/difficult/convenient/possible)for sb to do 对于某人做……是……2：It plays an important role in our 十一、采取措施1：We should take some effective 我们应该采取有效措施2：We should try our best to overcome/conquer the 我们应该尽最大努力去克服困难3：We should do our utmost in doing 我们应该尽力去做……4：We should solve the problems that we are confronted/faced 我们应该解决我们面临的困难十二、显示变化1：Some changes have taken place in the past five 过去五年发生了很多变化2：Great changes will certainly be produced in the international 在国际交流中理所当然会发生很多大的变化3：It has increased/decreased from…to…他已经从…增加/减少到…4：The output of July in this factory increased by 15%这个工厂7月份产量以增加了15%十三、表明事实现状1;We cannot ignore the fact that……我们不能忽略这个事实……2：No one can deny the fact that……没人能否认这个事实……3：This is a phenomenon that many people are interested 4:be　closely　related　to　~~　（与息息相关）　十四、进行比较1：Compared with A,B……与A比较，B……2;I prefer to read rather than watch TV十五、常用英语谚语1：Actions speak louder than 事实胜于雄辩2：All is not gold that 发光的未必都是金子3：All roads lead to R条条大路通罗马4：A good beginning is half 良好的开端是成功的一半5：Every advantage has its disadvantage有利必有弊6：A miss is as good as a 失之毫厘，差之千里7：Failure is the mother of 失败是成功之母8:Industry is the parent of 勤奋是成功之母9:It is never too old to 活到老，学到老10:Knowledge is 知识就是力量11:Nothing in the world is difficult for one who sets his mind to 世上无难事，只怕有心人

写作能力反映的是学习者综合运用语言的能力，而综合运用语言的能力不是一朝一夕就可以形成的，它是一个漫长而艰苦的过程，需要大量的积累和锻炼。词汇，句法和语篇就是英语作文中的点、线和面，共同支撑着同一个主题，离开其中的任何一个，这个英语作文也是失败的。我国著名语言学家王力先生曾经说过:“就句子的结构而论，西洋语言是法治的，中国语言是人治的。”以前，学生在英语学习中总是过分的重视词汇和句法的学习，却忽视了语篇练习的重要性，造成了在英语作文中出现词不达意、句子间缺乏衔接、段落间互不关联的现象。所以，在日常英语作文的学习和锻炼中，应该不仅要加强词汇量的积累、句法结构的掌握，更要重视语篇的训练。其次，在 练好基本功的基础上，掌握英语作文写作的技巧。　　英语作文写作的技巧主要有:审题、构思、选材、开头、展开和结尾等。不同体裁的作文要求使用不同的写法。但是，无论是何种体裁的作文，审题、构思、选材、开头、展开和结尾等墓本写作技巧都很有效。英语作文的写作通常分为三个步骤。　　1审肠、构思　　审题和构思是写文章的第一步，也是关键的一步。它的作用在于确定文章的主题思想并为该主题的表达搭起一个基本的框架，为文章的内容确定一个总的思路。拿到作文题目后应首先对其含义进行分析研究，明确题目所规定的内容范围，以便确定所写文章的文体和主题思想。然后，构思出一个写作提纲，确定出作文的主要内容和表达层次。不少学生在英语作文写作中忽视审题和构思的重要性，尤其在考试中，为了节省时间，提起笔来，不假思索的就开始写了，这样做往往欲速而不达，还很容易偏离题目的要求。其实，许多写作的失败不是在写作之中，而是在动笔之前因此，审题和构思是非常重要的。　　此外，还应该注意的是:构思不仅要选择切题的内容，还要使内容尽量与自己的英语表达能力相适宜。相比较而言，后者比前者更重要些。因为论述一个主题可以用很多种方法，无论哪一种都可以切题，而学生白身的语言知识和表达能力却不尽相同。所以，构思时要尽量扬长避短，最大限度地发挥自己的水平。　　2表达、书写　　正确的审题、构思后，要靠一个一个的句子来表述观点了。表达不好，仍有可能会前功尽弃。用来表达主题的材料一定要真实、具体、新颖，而且要层次分明。组织材料时可以根据体裁的同按逻辑顺序来进行，或者按事情发展的顺序或景物的空间位置来进行。要把审题构思出来的框架用生动具体的语言表达出来，写成一篇层次分明、条理清楚、句子通顺的文章，绝不是一件轻而易举的事情。书写和表达的过程中应注意以下几点。　　 1 句子的书写　　单句在书写过程中，应力求用词堆确，结构完整。尽量使用自己所熟知的词汇和语法结构，这样可以写出比较地道的英语句子，从而避免出现不必要的错误。　　 2 突出主题句　　主题句是全文的核心句，它不仅反映该段落的中心思想，还限制该段落所叙论述内容的范围。主题句的位置一般应放在段首，这样有利于紧扣中心思想来展开。　　 3 运用过渡词　　文章内容 的表达需要有连贯性，即从一件事情自然地过渡到另一件事情。文章的连贯性可以通过内容之间的逻辑关系来达到，但更多地是通过使用过渡词。过渡词通常是一些连词、副词或短语，在句与句之间，段落与段落之间起着衔接的作用。过渡词的使用不仅可以增强文章的连贯性，而且可以使内容的表达层次分明，自然流畅。　　 4 注意书写　　书写要求清楚、工整、规范，避免拼写错误。注意使用标点符号，一逗到底，最后点一个句点的做法是不可取的。此外还要注意:句首单词和专有名词词首字母要大写，书写的行距应适当，这样方便以后的修正和改错　　3检查、修改　　在平时的练习中，学生有比较充裕的时间来打草稿，在考试中由于时间的限制，考生往往只能在脑子里构思。这样写出的文章从内容到结构都不可能十分完善，所以检查与修改的步骤就很必要了。检查与修改应着重注意下列几个方面:(1)文章的内容是否切题,(2)叙述和表达是否条理通顺;(3)句子间的衔接是否自然紧凑,(4)句子有无语法错误和重复现象

这么w宽泛的题目，想必老师也e是个u。。。哎，个f人t建议吧，选定一q个d或者几x个k特定国家（含民族）的人r，介3绍下j他们的文3化7和谈判特点，写一o些自己x认5为4比7较适用的方8法。但是突出的主题则应该是，不m管对哪国或者哪个p公3司，自身的homework至关重要。你可以3结合如果做homework来写。 pヮ╔g瘠нl