发布时间：
In this paper, ordinary differential equations courses, to explore how to realize "high-early binding", and mathematics in secondary schools in the basis of ordinary differential equations, as well as ordinary differential equations of the guiding role of mathematics in secondary schools to do some discussion, for systems of ordinary differential equations of high under the mathematical point of view to provide some secondary words, Ordinary Differential Equations; School Mathematics; combination of high early
论文摘要是对论文的内容不加注释和评论的简短陈述，要求扼要地说明研究工作的目的、研究方法和最终结论等，重点是结论，是一篇具有独立性和完整性的短文，根据内容的不同，摘要可分为以下三大类：报道性摘要、指示性摘要和报道指示性摘要。
中文名
论文摘要
外文名
abstract
字 数
一般为正文字数10%左右
语 言
一般中文与英文并存
主要组成
目的 方法 结果 结论
论文很长的话就有三种方法1悬赏很高很高的金额在百度提问，找翻译2现实生活中花钱找人3用google英文翻译一整页（在几种语言中，google英文翻译的最好）然后再修改顺序，单词，和语法。这样非常省事，既不用花钱，也不用等。自己动手来，自己也信任自己。google都把所有句子单词准备好了，相当于90%都准备好了，剩下的10%不会很难的。^0^
写论文摘要时以一般现在时为主。
介绍背景知识时，要用一般现在时，例如：
Speech recognition is the task of converting speech into text.
叙述研究现状时，也可以用一般现在时，例如：
This essay is to analyse how the era influences corporate cultures, and to give suggestions on the building of corporate cultures.
叙述研究结果时，大多数用一般过去时，例如：
Our text achieved the possibility above.
3.含蓄条件句在商务英语中的作用 3. Implicitly conditional on the role of Business English Implicitly refers to non-conditional conditions IF sentence guide. The most common verbs or other parts of speech have come from changes in terms of sentence structure. Terms of the structure of the sentence often contains conditions, reasons, such as semantic purpose. This is the English meaning of a sentence together. Of the structure of English noun phrases commonly used in English letters, documents in a formal style. Business English the official language, refining, strict terms, standardization, and often a certain format and cliches. This is the practical business of English foreign trade in the inquiry message, one of commonly used sentence: "Your early reply to our specific inquiry will be highly appreciated. As soon as possible if you reply to our specific inquiry, would be grateful." Sentence subject reply comes from the verb changes in the term part of the whole subject with the semantic conditions. 4. The conditions in question the role of business negotiations Question conditions (conditional question) is "a condition of a question sentence +" component, this question can be a special question or general questions. There are two typical sentence: "What + ... if ...?" And "If ... + then?". In international business activities, the use of the conditions of the particular question with a lot of advantages: (1) to obtain other information. Offer in the negotiations and offer stage, the question can be used to test conditions for a better understanding of the specific circumstances of each other in order to modify their offers or offer. For example: Our side asked: What would you do if we agree to a two-year contract? Answer each other: What if we modify our specifications, would you consider a large order? Answer from the other side, we can determine the other concern is the long-term cooperation. Well, after this new information will help the negotiations. (2) mutual concessions. Questions posed by the conditions of offer and acceptance of our proposal is based on the premise of the conditions, in other words, only when the other side to accept our offer when we set up the offer. Therefore, we will not be made unilaterally by the binding site, nor will any party to make unilateral concessions, and only each other concessions in order to be successful transaction. (3) (the search for common ground. If the other party refused the conditions we have, we can pose other conditions of the conditions of the new questions, a new round of offers, the other conditions may also be used to question our offer. Both sides are doing mutual concession after concession, until they reached important common ground. (4) instead of the negative No. In international business negotiations, as far as possible to avoid direct use of "No" to refuse such a blunt tone, it would seem impolite to make negotiations easier, resulting in the failure of negotiations. Such as when we can not agree with the other party's request can be made in the form of question conditions. For example: Large quantities of home-made washing machines have been popular on the local market. The quality is good, and the price per set is just 190 can the wshing machining be salable if we import yours at 380 yuan per set? Recently, in the local market a large number of domestic washing machines are very popular. Their quality good, price is only 190 yuan each. If we take the price of 380 each import your products, how can it sell? (Solon, 2001) Do not ask each other because they refuse to lose each other's cooperation, but refused to allow the other their own requirements. This will continue to cooperate to retain the future possibility. (5) to avoid foreign exchange arising from different cultural misunderstanding ambiguity. The culture of countries around the world is not the same. Therefore, in the international business activities, often in different countries due to cultural misunderstanding ambiguous. Therefore, in order to avoid misunderstanding, and often the use of the Interpretation Act. Question the use of conditions is a very tactful way. III Conclusion English sentence in terms of business negotiations, and its language features and frequency of use appears that we are worthy of careful study. Business English English as a branch, it is increasingly in the international business activities of its importance. References: [1] Solon: "business English" [M]. Beijing: China Textile Press, 2001, 54,57,58,555 [2] Liu Central: Business English language translation of the characteristics and [J]. Shanghai: foreign language study in June 2006 published in the second half of its [3] Cao Ling Zhao Lei Zhao Xuemei Zhang: Business English negotiation [M]. Beijing: Foreign Language Teaching and Research Press, 2001,41 [4] Park, LI Kui Liu Zheng: "International Business Negotiation" (second edition) [M]. Beijing: Foreign Trade and Economic University Press, 2006, 174 ~ 176
endnote直接将中文变成英文是不行的。
他虽然是标准化输入，个性化输出，但还没这么个性，只有在最开始导入参考文献条目的时候输入英文，输出格式才是英文。
中文变英文你可以这样做:
最难翻译的是标题了吧，不过可以从这儿找：中文核心文献一般除了中文标题下面还有英文标题，直接复制过去就行，参考文献其他信息比如作者信息，杂志英文名称就很容易了，名字直接翻译，杂志英文名称可以去杂志官网找。
主要功能
在线搜索文献：直接从网络搜索相关文献并导入到Endnote的文献库内。
建立文献库和图片库：收藏，管理和搜索个人文献和图片、表格。
定制文稿：直接在Word中格式化引文和图形，利用文稿模板直接书写合乎杂志社要求的文章。
引文编排：可以自动帮助我们编辑参考文献的格式。
中文参考文献要翻译成英文吗：是在甚么场合使用？如果是发表在中文刊物，无需翻译参考文献，翻译篇名、摘要和关键词就能够了。如果是对外学术交换，应当把论文全篇包括参考文献都翻译为英语。
论文翻译成英文一般找公司来做就可以了，省时省力，我毕业论文就是找清北医学翻译这个公司翻译的。
这个看你引用的情况，取决于你将引用到什么文章中，若是中文，就需翻译，英文就不用啦
问题一：毕业论文 用英语怎么说？ Graduation thesis 问题二：论文题目中的“以...为例”怎么翻译？ illustrated by the case of Chengdu illustrated by the exampl俯 of Chengdu 也可以。 然后其实很多英文教材书名都会说： An Asia Perspective,你觉得你这里用A Chengdu Perspective如何呢。就是从成都的角度来分析。 问题三：论文题目英文翻译 Cultivation of Senior Students' Ability in Solving Chemistry Problems --- Examples with Chemical Flow Diagrams 问题四：写论文时，要英文题目。那么 论 字如何翻译？ 一般不翻译，若翻译可用 On \ talk about \ A report about \ A report on 恭 sth. report 也可换成talk 建议用On 希望有帮助 问题五：论文题目的英语翻译 Analytical research report on the particularities of major traffic accidents(或 incidents) in our country recently. 我国近年来重大交通事故的特征分析 问题六：论文标题翻译成英语 1、Research on Process Reengineering of Corporate Payment Based on Bank-pany Direct Linkage 2、Research on Process Reengineering of Corporate Payment Based on Bank-pany Direct Linkage-A Case of pany A 问题七：在学士论文英文题目翻译中以…为例英文和汉语格式是怎样的? take A for example 问题八：英语论文一级标题二级标题怎么表示 A Contrastive Study between English and Chinese Idioms （题目：二号，黑体，加粗，居中,除了英语小词外，其他单词首字母都要大写；另外：除了题目外，论文中所有英文的字体均采用“Times New Roman”） （学院、专业、学号、作者姓名、指导教师姓名（小四号宋体字，加粗），依次排印在论文题目下，上空二行，居中） 【Abstract】 This paper centers on the different expressions of …… （英文摘要：上空二行；题目采用五号“Times New Roman”字体，加粗，置于粗体方括号【】内，顶格放置；随后的内容与前面的粗体方括号【】之间空一格，不用其他任何标点符号；采用五号“Times New Roman”字体，不加粗；单倍行距。） 【Key Words】 idiom; parison; English; Chinese （英文关键词：题目采用五号“Times New Roman”字体，加粗，两个单词的首字母要大写，置于粗体方括号【】内，顶格放置；随后的内容与前面的粗体方括号【】之间空一格，不用任何其他标点符号，采用五号“Times New Roman”字体，不加粗，除了专有名词外，其他单词的首字母不大写，各单词之间用分号“；”隔开，分号之后空一格；最后一个关键词之后不用任何标点符号；单倍行距。） 1. Introduction (顶格，除了第一个单词及专有名词外，其他单词首字母都不要大写；标题最后不用任何标点符号，上空两行) In both English and Chinese, …. So, this essay is trying to focus on the differences between Chinese and English idoms in terms of their essential meaning, customary usage and typical expression (Chang Liang, 1993:44; Li Guangling, 1999). (段落第一行缩进4个英文字符；夹注的标注法：出现在夹注中的作者必须与文后的参考文献形成一一对应关系；注意一个或多个作者间的标点符号，时间、页码等的标注法；另外，汉语参考文献的作者要以拼音形式出现，不能出现汉语姓氏；夹注出现在标点符号之前) 2. The similarities between English idioms and Chinese idioms In English, …. And it can be clearly seen in the below examples: (1) I don’t know。我不知道。 (2) I am not a poet. 我不是诗人。 (正文中的例子以（1），（2）…为序号排列，直至最后一个例子；而①, ②…则为脚注或尾注的上标序号) 3. The differences between English idioms and Chinese idioms The characteristics of English idioms （正文章节序号编制：章的编号：1. ，2.， 3.，…；节的编号：…，…；小节的编号为：, …。小节以下层次，采用希腊数字加括号为序，如（i），（ii）…；之后再采用字母加括号，如(a),......>> 问题九：论文题目英语怎么说 the title of the dissertation 论文题目 the title of the dissertation 论文题目 问题十：论文题目英文翻译 Cultivation of Senior Students' Ability in Solving Chemistry Problems --- Examples with Chemical Flow Diagrams
Topic: theory of librarians Abstract: the librarian asked to innovative in social transformation process, broaden and deepen their work area, reposition, in order to achieve the ideal goal. Keywords: librarians, Independent innovation; Social responsibility; Librarians type 可以在百度上搜在线翻译，输入你想要翻译的汉语，就可以把你想要翻译的汉语翻译成英语，也可以英语翻译成汉语。
改完感觉醍醐灌顶，又没有被伤到自尊，仿佛和一位和蔼的老教授进行了一场课题讨论。从言语间能感受到审稿人对我的研究领域非常在行，但点到为止又不说破，给我自己参悟的空间。我导师说我运气太好了，遇到这么善良又懂的审稿人。找北京译顶科技，性价比高，我就是在那边做的。想了解详细些不妨统一去知道了解下
优化英语。步骤：a）自顶向下地组织论文（大纲/逻辑/流程）；b）用其他的优秀论文（尤其是同期刊/同系列的论文，优秀书籍）作为范例；c）请别人帮满阅读和修改语法和用词；d）记录自己用词和语法的错误，进行积累。要点：e）用词和语法固然重要，但是结构和逻辑更加重要。要是英语不是很好的童鞋，不想花那么多时间和精力在英语润色上也可以交给专业的翻译和润色机构，毕竟进行科研和为了发表而绞尽脑汁写英语比起来，前者的时间更有效率也更经济，之前用过派利希，这种机构比较专业，修改的也仔细，基本上不用担心英语方面了，比较节约时间。
方法1：理论部分重复，一小撮，一小撮复制，用百度搜索有道翻译，将中文翻译成英语，然后再用谷歌翻译，将英语翻译成中文，论文的内容就变了，但也会多出许多语病，这种方法需要将论文的意思缕一缕、通读一番，这是最快的方法。
方法2：改变句子结构、改变表达方式(改写原句为倒装句、被动句、主句等)，打破段落顺序等等。经实践证明，上述方法结合使用，可以有效地降低复制率，确保顺利通过论文查重。
方法3：百度下载安装公式编辑器，改重时，如果出现大面积的红色段落，其中一句话内抽2、3个字（不能过多），单独复制到公式编辑器，从编辑器复制后贴到论文里面，文字就变成图片，知网一般不检测图片，也不影响论文的打印，但不能大面积换成图片，这样老师看得出来，容易被识破。
方法4：在一篇论文中，重复的部分用引用标出，再加上引文标记，一般都用上标(类似这样[1])，有多少参考文献就标出几篇，知网论文查重报告中会有这一段是来自文献引用。
方法5：用自己的话进行改写，每个句子都要用自己的语言表述，要用并列的内容顺序替换，或者用同义词替换等等。
理解学校的要求每个学校每年对论文查重率的要求都不一样，所以你首先要知道学校今年有什么要求，或者至少让你的论文可以过学校的标准。只有你的论文达到学校的要求，才能通过审核。所以一定要了解自己学校有什么要求和标准，有没有一些额外的论文格式要求。这一点是很关键的。提前做好论文自查每个学校最后统一进行论文查重。这时候如果有什么问题，还是需要反复进行修改，麻烦的很，还可能导致延迟毕业。所以，你不妨提前查看一下论文的重复率，先确定自己论文的具体情况，再对论文进行相应的修改。其实如何通过论文的检测很简单。只要你的论文提前修改，查重率降到学校标准是没有问题的，也能让我们顺利通过审核。反复修改论文很关键。大家最怕反复修改论文，所以总是担心过不了检测。论文的修改其实没有他们想的那么复杂。论文的修改主要是修改你的论文的基本重复部分，重写大量标记的红色位置，使用不同的语句表达，从而保证论文呈现的效果完全不同。只要语句，逻辑没有问题，后续提交查重就不会再次不合格。
不会被检测出来
一般来说，这些部分不会被检测出来。使用中英文翻译的方法，这种方法可以有效地降低论文的重复率
论文中文变成英语查重会发现吗？ 一般来说，这些部分不会被检测出来。 使用中英文翻译的方法，这种方法可以有效地降低论文的重复率，所以即使把中文变成英语也不会被检测出来。 一般来说，将论文中的中文翻译成英语基本上是英语论文，英语中的表现方式比中文的表现方式复杂，因此将中文翻译成英语很可能发生语病，所以在进行论文查重之前，必须检测论文是否有语病问题和逻辑关系问题。
会的尤其是在关键词、关键数据是无法修改、挪移的情况下。文科类文章，可以用替换、诠释、转述等方法避免查重，但理科类就比较难了。因为理工科的数据是通过实验完成的，参数，变量，实验方法是固定的，很难移动修改，文科类，可以将自己的观点，思想在主要观点的思想基础上完善、添加，但总体结构无法改变，所以照样会被查重。翻译成英文，关键词还是那些，只不过转换了语言，依旧会被查重。况且现在国人英文水平很高。在云计算、大数据的时代，只有原创的才最有保障。
译文：abstract
英［＇æbstrækt］
释义：
adj.纯理论的；抽象的；抽象派的
n.摘要；抽象；抽象的概念；抽象派艺术作品
v.摘要；提取；抽象化；退出；转移；使心不在焉
［复数：abstracts；第三人称单数：abstracts；现在分词：abstracting；过去式：abstracted；过去分词：abstracted；比较级：more abstract；最高级：most abstract］
短语：
abstract algebra［数］抽象代数；近世代数；［数］抽象代数学；代数结构
扩展资料：
词语辨析：summary，abstract，digest，outline，resume
这些名词均含“摘要、概要、概括”之意。
1、summary普通用词，指将书籍或文章等的内容，用寥寥数语作简明扼要的说明。
2、abstract指论文、书籍等正文前的内容摘要，尤指学术论文或法律文件的研究提要。
3、digest侧重对原文融汇贯通，重新谋篇布局，以简明扼要的语言，简短篇幅成文，展现原作精华。
4、outline指配以释议文字的提纲。
5、resume源于洁语，与summary极相近，通常可互换使用。
写论文摘要时以一般现在时为主。
介绍背景知识时，要用一般现在时，例如：
Speech recognition is the task of converting speech into text.
语音识别是将语音转换成文本的任务。
叙述研究现状时，也可以用一般现在时，例如：
This essay is to analyse how the era influences corporate cultures, and to give suggestions on the building of corporate cultures.
本文旨在分析时代对企业文化的影响，并对企业文化建设提出建议。
叙述研究结果时，大多数用一般过去时，例如：
Our text achieved the possibility above.
我们的文本实现了上述可能性。
在2010版的word内就有这个功能。（选中要翻译的文字，点击鼠标右键弹出任务栏中就有“翻译”选项，点击“翻译”，选择英文翻译，再把光标置于要插入文本点点击插入就ok啦。另外还可以下载翻译小工具，直接进行翻译就搞定了。我帮你翻：The relationship between accounting regulation and tax law issues is a complex issue, market-oriented economic development in the course of the difference between the two will gradually have an adverse impact on economic development, how to better deal with the differences between the two has become China's economy reform process of the outstanding issues.。Differences in accounting standards and tax laws, and in the accounting and property tax measures taken by the different accounting and tax law, "the authenticity of the principle of" different, accounting "sound principle" and tax "payments to determine" the difference in accounting "importance of the principles "and tax" legal principle "and the accounting and tax 。differences on the" substance over form "understanding and implementation differen。Differences between accounting and tax accounting exist mainly due to the legislative goals and purposes of various tax, corporate accounting must adhere to the "accrual" basis, the enterprise must consider the International Accounting Standards, and economic globalization. Tax laws should be based on the provisions of this tax adjustmentces.
我在学姐的推荐下找到了翻译狗，他最大的优点就是PDF可以直接进行翻译，而且翻译出来的排版和原来的英文排版一致，无需排版方便校对，缺点就是大量翻译要收费，而且语法会有一些问题，后期需要修改，也可以直接找北京译顶科技翻译，人工肯定是比机翻好。