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大学的毕业论文，是写《论简爱的双重人格》，在写论文的时候就把小说看了几遍，然后又把其翻拍的电影，几个版本的电影也看了。看了好几部简爱的电影之后，比较出来了其中的差异。由于简爱翻拍的电影版本据说有18个之多，在这里呢，只选取三个能代表时代的电影来说。 第一部简爱电影是四十年代美国黑白版的，由罗伯特.斯蒂芬森导演，奥讯.威尔斯、琼.芳登、玛格丽特.奥布莱恩主演。黑白电影电影的开头是拿着一本书在读里面的语句。这情节展现略显无力，语句略显苍白。在小说中，简爱的舅妈是贵族，他们住在一个叫海茨盖德的大房子里面。怎么说也能算得上是独门别墅吧。小说里的描写呢，他们装修的挺豪华的。可是在这一部电影里面，除去是黑白电影的原因，我看到房子里的装修根本就特别的简单。根本就没有近代贵族工业的一点豪华奢侈的土豪感。同样在桑菲尔德这个大别墅里面，我也没有见到过特别的豪华。可以说的上是除了必须的家具之外，四壁空空，很少画像啊，装饰啊什么的。再加上是黑白电影，光线不好的原因，让人觉得好像是在拍鬼片。而且人物的穿着也让人觉得不怎么奢侈豪华。最近的欧洲近代的服饰中，他们的服装的应该是有很多花边的，而在，电影里面衣服花边我觉得却不够。 这里电影里的演员，简.爱的演员找的的相对来说还算是比较漂亮的，没有小说里说的那么五官平平，但是身材就确实不高大。罗切斯特先生这个演员选的就我觉得真的很丑，作为一个欧洲人，肤色又黑，比黄种人黑。五官根本不像是欧洲人，脸胖胖的，嘴唇也是有点厚，像非洲与亚洲人的混血。 在简爱小说开头的时候，作者极力表现她在她舅妈家里受到的不公平待遇。重点是描写他表哥打她她反抗的时候被舅妈关进了红房子里的那种恐惧、害怕。在这一章里简有很多的内心的描写。但是在电影里面根本就是简略的说了一下这件事情，没有把她内心的恐惧和她舅妈虐待她的那种对比展现出来。简直就是一大遗憾。只是在她走的时候，她吼了几句恨她舅妈，不喜欢她、不喜欢再回来这个房子的话。我觉得人物内心的活动表现得很不够。后来她去到一所孤儿院里面学习与生活。电影里把这一非常清贫，甚至是很不近人情的画面拍摄得还是不错。冬天让女孩们穿很少的衣服去室外劳作，吃的东西呢早上总是糊了的烂粥，虽然很多但很难吃，而且饿到中午也只有一点点吃的东西，而且还经常被人家高年级的抢去，除去了这些她们如果犯了一点错就要受到极大的惩罚。天天在这种环境中生活人都会被压抑疯了吧？ 后来她去了一所她应聘的家庭当家庭教师。这里的小说的重点就是讲她与罗切斯特先生心理互动。而这里也用了大量的心理描写，但是在电影里展现不出来，电影用语言来表达出人物内心活动，这让内心体会下降了很多。不知道是东西方文化的差异，我没有领悟到的，还是电影真的没有表现出来，我是看不到他们之间的内心活动以及强烈的感情。整部电影看起来可能会觉得比较乏味，如果不看小说，有些地方情节转换太快，根本看不懂。看了小说，就觉得电影不好看了。在得知罗切斯特先生有了妻子之后他离开了，但是却是回到了她舅妈家，这点我非常的不喜欢，因为她舅妈家那是她童年的阴影，而这里，她竟然就把它当作了走投无路最后的去处和寄托。因此忽略了她本该离开后与圣约翰的相识经过。很多人都觉得，40年代版的简爱呢，有点像舞台剧，表演程式化，看起来细节处理不好。确实是这样。 不过当时的电影技术还不成熟，黑白电影敢挑战经典文学作品，能拍出来都是给社会一种极大的鼓舞，对后来的各种翻拍也是开了一个先例。 第二是七十年代英国版的，（一说是97年）这次是彩色的。由盖玛.琼斯导演，萨曼莎.莫顿、盖伦.希德主演。这一次前面关于红房子，对简爱内心的描写白色的很好，观众一看就能感受得到，亲小时候受到的不公平待遇。 里面人物服装比较颜色鲜明，款式多样。贵族看上去呢，穿的比较豪华，像样一些，他们的发型也是。对于别墅里面的装修也相当相对人说好话了，嗯，无论是在编的话啊，家具，摆设装饰之类的都比较的漂亮、豪华，高贵。 在凸显简看到罗切斯特先生和英格拉姆小姐在一起的吃醋情与内心自卑时镜头的特写给得很长，表现得很到位。同时也展现了罗切斯特对她的关注，但此时的简太自卑，不敢相信这是罗切斯特对她的特别关注， 第三是96年版的，由凯瑞.福永导演，主演是米娅.华希科沃斯卡、迈克尔.法斯宾德。采用倒序的手法，镜头是从简知道罗切斯特先生有妻子后从桑菲尔德逃出来的画面开始，然后被圣约翰姐弟救下，开始回忆往事。这个镜头把她内心的绝望与伤心就表现得生动传神，这个简的演员据说经过精挑细选，最后确定了这个看起来表情气质非常非常符合简的露丝。很多人都说，这是把原著还原程度最高的电影，我认为拍摄得与我第二个介绍的电影差别不是很大。（这就是我的一点点小见解，欢迎交流各自看法） 每个人对经典的理解与感悟不同，再加上时代局限性，拍出来的肯定会有不同，如果拍出来都一样，那也就没意思了。文学不像理科，一个结果怎样就怎样，一条结论研究出来是什么就不能改。它有千种形式，而且没有对错之分。
【学年论文的题目其实很随意的，可以写一篇影评或者书评，下面是我们毕业论文的选题，你也可以提前看一看，如果有兴趣更早开始准备以后优势多多 O(∩_∩)O~ ，新年快乐！希望对你有帮助 ：）】网络英语新词的构成及功能性特点欧亨利短篇小说的语言特征研究英语演讲对英语学习者综合能力的培养大学生英语口语学习动机的调查与分析英语化妆品说明书的语用分析1）英汉比较（如：比较句研究、祈使句研究、形容词比较研究等）2）语言与文化（互动的机制等）3）网络学习和语言能力的提升植物词汇及其隐喻意义的探究 Research on the Metaphoric Meaning of Plant Words修辞格在英语广告中的应用 Application of Rhetoric Devices in English Advertising英语专业学生学习中情感因素调查研究Research on the Affective Factors in English majors' Learning论英语影视教学与英语专业学生跨文化交际能力的培养 On English Movies and the Cultivation of English Majors'Crosscultural Communication CompetenceLeech的七类意义理论在商标品牌命名中的运用弱势群体身份表征的多模态话语分析新闻语篇中的评价上海世博会报道中的中国形象语言学理论及应用的相关话题多模态话语分析相关话题语用学合作原则在英语会话中的应用日常会话中语境与会话含义的关联研究大学女性教师与男性教师课堂话语分析违背合作原则产生的会话含义探析从系统功能角度看新闻标题中的隐喻模糊限制语语用功能与礼貌原则的相关性研究中国大学生英语学习动机调控策略研究博客环境下大学英语写作模式研究中介语研究，二语习得中情感因素，动机研究母语对英语语音及写作的影响（正迁移负迁移研究）"英国维多利亚时期小说研究(George Eliot,Charles Dickens)/英国现代小说家作品研究(John Galsworthy,H. G. Wells)"弗吉尼亚·伍尔夫的作品研究英美作家作品研究莫泊桑的作品研究英美文学从莎士比亚的历史剧看其君王观论莎士比亚文学作品的道德主题评《威尼斯商人》 ——夏洛克复杂的人物性格威廉·莎士比亚的悲剧《哈姆雷特》及其艺术特色英美文学少儿科普读物翻译策略研究英语科技新词的翻译策略科技语篇翻译的情感因素体裁分析与科技语篇翻译科技术语翻译中的常见错误和翻译原则文学翻译研究(某个作品翻译研究,或者某作品的几个译本对比,或者小说,诗歌,散文的翻译问题等研究)译者(某个著翻译家)风格研究或者俩译者翻译特点对比研究跨文化翻译研究(新词,典故,修辞,委婉)语言的模糊性和译者主体性翻译过程中各因素(译者,发起人,目的语读者等)对翻译的影响英汉互译中的衔接和连贯学生英译汉与汉译英过程对比研究翻译与意识形态中西文化差异对于翻译的影响跨文化翻译中的归化与异化英语成语翻译中的对等原则及具体应用基督教文化对翻译的影响文化差异和翻译中的文化移植翻译研究翻译视角研究政治文本中的模糊语从关联理论视角探讨翻译标准旅游翻译经贸翻译英汉语新词翻译翻译理论（流派、概念、人物）翻译与文化的相关话题网络新词的翻译电影字幕的翻译研究多媒体网络技术与英语教学英语教学法研究英语自主学习个性化学习策略研究个体差异与英语学习效果研究性别与英语学习效果焦虑与英语学习的关系研究网络英语与英语教学英语教学法高考英语试题，专业英语四级试题，雅思试题比较（方面：听力，阅读，写作，词汇）国内外刊物的摘要比较研究词块理论和化工英语/商务英语需求分析和英语教材评析监查理论和语言的流畅度/精准度网络与语言教学（如：教师角色的转换，课堂任务的设计）任务型课堂教学与语用能力的发展语言错误分析中西文化对比研究（宗教、教育、风俗习惯等）隐喻与英语教学，二语习得的研究教学法研究英语口语学习方法的研究透过雅思听力浅析专业英语听力的教与学1）商务活动（促销、广告、商标、谈判）中的语言现象2）商务英语或科技英语（写作教学、阅读教学）研究商务英语函电与对外贸易网络营销发展面临的机遇与挑战商务英语、法律英语、国际民商事法律问题商务跨文化交际，市场营销、商务翻译、英汉语对比研究英文商务信函文体特征分析中美跨文化交际中时间观念差异商标翻译的策略研究商务英语词汇特征分析中美称谓比较研究中西非言语交际比较中英文化对比研究中英文化偶合现象研究英美文学作品中的法律文化研究中西方文化比较跨文化交际语言文化和文化差异
话说荒唐事2006-10-12 14:29:51 来自: 文子 (北京)东成西就 / 射雕英雄传之东成西就的评论片子的一开头，有一个人就告诉我们，这个故事是他们“年轻时候做过的荒唐事”，果然是荒唐到死，我一直在怀疑，这部片子是刘镇伟看过王家卫的《东邪西毒》以后的戏作。后来在网上查资料的时候，才发现两部片子果然有渊源，原来，当年给王家卫的影片做投资的投资商，担心片子会像《阿飞正传》一样收不回成本，决定由相同的班底拍摄同样题材的一部搞笑片，于是就有了这部王家卫监制，刘镇伟导演的《东成西就》。而刘镇伟自己的解释却是因为王家卫一个月之前在拍洪七打来打去，一个月过去之后，洪七还在那里打……所以就赶不上新年档，因此原本他要拍的《东邪西毒》第二集就变成了《东成西就》，但是到底为什么它会是这样呢？“因为……我喜欢。”刘镇伟果然是个搞笑的大师，而剧中的那些演员也充分在两部影片中表现出了自己的天赋，特别是在《东成西就》的影片中，我一向认为在王家卫的片子中，只要可以做到长时间的面无表情就能是一个好演员，而要成为一个好的喜剧演员，特别是刘镇伟导演的喜剧片中的好演员，首先要经得起被化装各种造型的折磨，其次要被导演在镜头前无休止的蹂躏，再次，还要在荧幕上经受住被所有人笑骂的痛苦，真是需要有莫大的勇气啊！数一数《东成西就》的演员，一群人到现在已经没有一个不是大腕级的人物了，梁朝伟，张曼玉，王祖贤，张国荣，张学友，梁家辉，林青霞等等等等，这已经成为喜剧片的一个经典之作，很多人都说周星驰的影片是无厘头的象征，但是，在这部影片中，我们大可以找出比周星驰更无厘头的人，这群人现在都有着耀眼的光环，正因为如此，我们回头重新看这个片子的时候，会觉得，这不仅仅是剧中人物的荒唐事，这更像是这群演员在年轻时候所作的荒唐事情，荒唐得很过瘾。一直记得梁朝伟的香肠嘴，叶玉卿的螃蟹舞，还有那只靴子暗器，那些写有九阴真经的大鼎，以及著名的“双飞燕”和“I love you”，只要说起这部片子，里面的桥段完全不受脑子控制地出现在眼前，用一句很奇怪的话说就是：从来不曾想起，永远不会忘记。这部93年的片子至今看来仍然是经典中的经典，已经很久没有人能让我们笑得如此畅快了。虽然也许它不能给我们带来什么深刻的想法，但是，它却可以让我们忘记那些深刻（所谓的深刻），它不需要我们去思考，只需要我们去笑，怎么开心怎么来。有人说这部影片颠覆了武侠的含义，的确，猜拳赢回来的丐帮帮主，表妹不要自己就打算自杀的洪七，每天都觉得被别人暗恋的“表妹”，吓人的动物和吓动物的人，被靴子暗器打伤而死的王重阳，热爱肌肉男的周伯通，还有眉来眼去剑，情意绵绵刀，等等，又开始如数家珍了，呵呵！不知道金庸老先生看到这个片子会有什么想法，我觉得所有看过没看过《射雕英雄传》的人都不会想到那些武功高强的正义大侠和邪魔歪道居然都有这样的一副德性，果然是，大侠也是人，是人总是会有缺点。不过这话似乎不太适用于已经成了仙的段王爷，这个在成仙之前经受各种磨难的男人，为了得到真心人的三句“我爱你”，不惜被路人唾骂，不惜把自己装扮成女人，找村口的王师傅用特别好的药水烫了一个特别别致的发型，不惜被人当成足球踢来踢去。功夫不负有心人，他最终连蒙带再加顺手牵羊，得到了三句“我爱你”，成了一个神仙。其实，忽然觉得这部影片还是有其深刻的道理的，原本毫不相干的一帮人，却又因为欧阳峰的夺权篡位，各自互相联系在一起，到最后所有的力量，那些原本想法一致和不一致的人都参加了推翻欧阳峰的行列，真是“联合最广大的人民群众，打败侵略者”。就连神仙哥哥也参与战斗，与欧阳峰“我哼”了半天。片中的歌曲也堪称经典之作，无论是“双飞燕”，“I love you”，还是“帅哥你真是帅”或者片尾曲“谁是大英雄”都是那么脍炙人口，让人过耳不忘。而这几个大帅哥唱歌时候的臭样子也总是历历在目，常想常新。我很喜欢把《东邪西毒》和《东成西就》这两部片子合在一起看，只是觉得这样看很过瘾，因为可以看见这些明星们完全不同到极端的表演风格，不过据说这两部片几乎是在同时拍摄，可以想象这些明星们有多么地痛苦。他们一边要在《东成西就》里像神经病一样耍宝，而另一边到《东邪西毒》里却得像死了老爸一样苦着个脸，因此我们就不用奇怪施展“大海无量神功”常常失灵的三公主，为什么总分不清自己到底是慕容嫣还是慕容燕了，因为那个时候他们真的已经精神分裂掉了。同时拍两部这样不同的片子本身就是一个很了不起的举动，这一举动本身就堪称经典。我觉得王家卫是一个唯心主义者，而刘镇伟则是一个唯物主义的人，王家卫的片子永远充满着哲理的意味，而刘镇伟的片子则永远洋溢着颠覆和叛逆的气息。想来，刘和王的私交定是不错，否则我们如何能在刘镇伟的片子中看见他对王家卫的戏谑呢？也许，也只有老朋友才能开得起这样的玩笑吧！刘镇伟就像一个老小孩一样，永远长不大，永远活在自己的世界里。
The Analysis of the Professional Leon(此文是这个杀手不太冷的影评) The Meaning of Life—Hope The Professional Leon which is directed by Luc Besson is an attractive and affecting movie. It is a story about a professional killer and a 14-year-old girl. In my opinion, this film reflects the influence of hope in people’s lives. Life is a magic thing. It is like a thick forest and when we walk through it, we need hope to lead us. Hope can change one’s mind. Hope can change one’s first reason is the change between the settings from the beginning to the end. The film began with the oppressive cityscapes: roads, streets, alleys and then the screen turned dark. They are the characteristics of Film Noir. Besides, the protagonist Leon appeared from a black shot which is a special close-up. In addition, the following shot are fighting in some rooms. The whole beginning leads to a mood of cold and oppression. However, at the end of the film is a scene of orphanage. The sunshine illuminated the trees and the grass. The scene is bright and warm. Then the shot got far and far. This showed that life was going on and the sunshine brought us hope to live. The world turned peace again, and the mood turned soft and cozy. Therefore, the change of the beginning and the end showed the dark had gone and everyone got their hope. In this film, there is a symbol of hope-Leon’s evergreen. It ran through the whole film. The protagonist Leon, at fist, was a typical killer who was skillful and cold. The evergreen for him is the hope of life. It meant Leon’s valuable memory-the girl he loved. Everyday he cleaned the leaves of the evergreen carefully. He thought the evergreen was quiet and happy, so he took care of it as his most valuable thing. Actually, he lived in his memory and what he must protect is the hope-evergreen. For Leon, there was no meaning of the reality until he met the girl –Mathilda. When the girl implored Leon to open the door, he hesitated. Yes, of course. It was because everything would change since he opened the door. Actually, Leon was a simple, kind and attentive man who was not good at express himself. We can know that from watching old movie and ironing clothes. After accepting the girl, Leon chose the responsibility in his heart. His life changed because his hope changed. His living purpose was to protect the girl and revenge on Stan. Furthermore, his good-side was stimulated by the girl’s love. They were interdependent as a special relationship. I fact, Leon was not a killer any more since he met Mathilda. He was a real man. Another hope is reflected by Mathilda’s attitude of life. Mathilda’s family was inharmonious. She couldn’t feel love in this family, so she became unyielding and mature at an early age. She hated her relatives except her little brother. If she didn’t met Leon, her life would be out of imagination. When Leon opened the door, a light shone on Mathilda. This light of life is a symbol of change. Since she lived with Leon, she felt care from Leon, and she fell in love with him. She wanted to be with him forever. The hope of her life is Leon. She took care of their“home”and took care of him. When Leon ordered her go, she was in agony. She knew that she wouldn’t see him again. She was afraid that the hope of life would disappear. At last, she planted the evergreen near the orphanage, and the evergreen became her hope. She got a new view of this world, and she would cherish the memory of Leon who saved her life and soul. This story is a fairy tale of killer. The killer managed to protect his hope as the expanse of his life, whereas he died in comfort. Maybe, there is another dark world concealed near us. However, it is because the shine of hope has not illuminated it. And the meaning of life is the process of seeking hope.
镜头是可以模仿的，创意是不可以的。标准很模糊，但是镜头是没问题。
我觉得要看你拍出来的成品是不是让人一眼就能看出来，是另外一个人的风格，那都就算抄袭。
这不算抄袭，最多是翻拍，你可以在设计的时候备注上出处，也就没事了。
影评比较轻松简单，论文。。就是严谨的啊
这部电影首先讲的是爱情，应侧重其次是上层社会和下层社会的现实折射(女主角宁愿在下等仓那麼高兴地跳舞，却不愿意参加上等仓的酒会)这个尽量写得深刻点，多剖析当时的社会形态，贫富差距最后是面对死亡的态度，多剖析各种人的心理
The Analysis of the Professional Leon(此文是这个杀手不太冷的影评) The Meaning of Life—Hope The Professional Leon which is directed by Luc Besson is an attractive and affecting movie. It is a story about a professional killer and a 14-year-old girl. In my opinion, this film reflects the influence of hope in people’s lives. Life is a magic thing. It is like a thick forest and when we walk through it, we need hope to lead us. Hope can change one’s mind. Hope can change one’s first reason is the change between the settings from the beginning to the end. The film began with the oppressive cityscapes: roads, streets, alleys and then the screen turned dark. They are the characteristics of Film Noir. Besides, the protagonist Leon appeared from a black shot which is a special close-up. In addition, the following shot are fighting in some rooms. The whole beginning leads to a mood of cold and oppression. However, at the end of the film is a scene of orphanage. The sunshine illuminated the trees and the grass. The scene is bright and warm. Then the shot got far and far. This showed that life was going on and the sunshine brought us hope to live. The world turned peace again, and the mood turned soft and cozy. Therefore, the change of the beginning and the end showed the dark had gone and everyone got their hope. In this film, there is a symbol of hope-Leon’s evergreen. It ran through the whole film. The protagonist Leon, at fist, was a typical killer who was skillful and cold. The evergreen for him is the hope of life. It meant Leon’s valuable memory-the girl he loved. Everyday he cleaned the leaves of the evergreen carefully. He thought the evergreen was quiet and happy, so he took care of it as his most valuable thing. Actually, he lived in his memory and what he must protect is the hope-evergreen. For Leon, there was no meaning of the reality until he met the girl –Mathilda. When the girl implored Leon to open the door, he hesitated. Yes, of course. It was because everything would change since he opened the door. Actually, Leon was a simple, kind and attentive man who was not good at express himself. We can know that from watching old movie and ironing clothes. After accepting the girl, Leon chose the responsibility in his heart. His life changed because his hope changed. His living purpose was to protect the girl and revenge on Stan. Furthermore, his good-side was stimulated by the girl’s love. They were interdependent as a special relationship. I fact, Leon was not a killer any more since he met Mathilda. He was a real man. Another hope is reflected by Mathilda’s attitude of life. Mathilda’s family was inharmonious. She couldn’t feel love in this family, so she became unyielding and mature at an early age. She hated her relatives except her little brother. If she didn’t met Leon, her life would be out of imagination. When Leon opened the door, a light shone on Mathilda. This light of life is a symbol of change. Since she lived with Leon, she felt care from Leon, and she fell in love with him. She wanted to be with him forever. The hope of her life is Leon. She took care of their“home”and took care of him. When Leon ordered her go, she was in agony. She knew that she wouldn’t see him again. She was afraid that the hope of life would disappear. At last, she planted the evergreen near the orphanage, and the evergreen became her hope. She got a new view of this world, and she would cherish the memory of Leon who saved her life and soul. This story is a fairy tale of killer. The killer managed to protect his hope as the expanse of his life, whereas he died in comfort. Maybe, there is another dark world concealed near us. However, it is because the shine of hope has not illuminated it. And the meaning of life is the process of seeking hope.
影评是论文的一部分，除此之外，你需要升华电影的主旨
近年来，光催化-臭氧联用技术在有机废水治理方面显示了广阔的应用前景，已成为高级氧化技术方向的研究热点。本文研究了光催化-臭氧联用技术降解有机物的特性。实验结果表明，光催化-臭氧联用技术对有机物的降解效率大大高于单一光催化和单一臭氧的降解效率，具有一定的协同效应；其产生协同效应的本质原因可能是臭氧捕获了光催化过程中产生的光致电子生成了更多的·OH自由基；有机物种类对光催化-臭氧联用技术的协同效应有一定影响，与臭氧反应速率较低的有机物协同效应较显著；有机物浓度也影响协同效应，随有机物浓度的增大，协同效应增强；同时臭氧流量对协同效应也有一定影响，臭氧流量增大，协同效应减弱。还通过实验对光催化臭氧降解有机物的作用机理进行了验证。本文还研究了光催化-臭氧联用技术对环境中典型有机污染物的降解行为，主要考察的有机物包括芳香化合物、染料、染料中间体、羧酸类化合物、醇类化合物及胺类化合物。①芳香化合物的降解 通过对苯胺降解的研究表明，pH值对光催化-臭氧联用技术降解苯胺的影响不大；无论苯胺初始浓度高低，该技术都能使苯胺废水完全降解；随通入系统中臭氧流量的增加，光催化-臭氧联用技术对苯胺的降解效果增加，降解时间缩短，但臭氧流量增大到一定程度降解效率变化已不明显。对硝基苯的降解得出与苯胺相似的结论，同时还通过GC-MS技术检测到了硝基苯降解过程中的主要中间产物，包括邻、间、对硝基苯酚、间或对二硝基苯和偶氮苯等。还研究了芳香化合物结构对光催化-臭氧联用技术降解性能的影响，结果表明，取代基性质和取代基位置对降解活性都有一定影响。②染料及染料中间体的降解 采用光催化-臭氧联用技术对中低浓度溴氨酸废水和染料中间体H酸废水进行预处理，结果表明，溴氨酸废水经过短时间催化降解，脱色率能达到70％以上，COD也能得到一定的去除，同时废水的BOD5／COD值能从％～％上升至％～％，可生化性得到大幅度提高，为后续生物处理创造了有利条件。H酸废水经4h氧化COD值能从920mg／L下降到230mg／L，BOD5／COD值从原水上升到，可生化性也得到明显改善。17种水溶性染料溶液的脱色实验表明，光催化-臭氧联用技术对染料有较强的脱色能力，而且脱色效率与染料结构之间有较密切的关系，染料共扼链长短、电子云密度、偶氮双键中的氮原子是否与邻近基团形成氢键以及取代基的电负性大小等对脱色效果都有影响。
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你好,我曾是环评工作者.关于这方面的论文,你可以从环评报告书的大纲下手,找一个当前比较热的环评话题,比如PX化工项目(或者圆明园环评事件),从该项目所在位置的自然环境社会环境入手,重点是如何选址的问题以及公众参与这一环节,把当前社会上褒贬不一的观点用数据分析出来.最重要的是要体现建设项目在环境影响评价上如何以人为本.中国环评都好这一口.关于这方面的环评报告书你可以到环评论坛上找到,最好多体现专业数据,相信对你有帮助.最后,真诚的祝福你!
The book sticks to the West江惠东Dam Project Environmental Impact Assessment Report (Graduation Project version. Because of conditions, as a reference book compiled from large amounts of data, data used in monitoring non-author). Report on the use of the general pattern of the EIA report, based on general, regional overview of engineering analysis environment, the status quo of environmental quality monitoring and evaluation, environmental impact prediction and evaluation of pollutant control measures, site selection analysis of a reasonable, clean production and the total control analysis, public participation, environmental impact of economic profit and loss analysis, environmental management and monitoring and analysis, conclusions and recommendations prepared by the order of the preparation 。Listed by the EIA is based on the use of, in principle, the evaluation factors, work such as grading and evaluation criteria, introduced hydraulic engineering related to natural, social and ecological overview of the project carried out a detailed analysis. The state of the environment through the project's monitoring and evaluation, found that apart from the part of river basin water environment over some indicators, the work environment in the vicinity of the targets to achieve the basic requirements of relevant standards; through the forecast engineering environment, although some factors do not meet standards However, some measures taken to meet the basic requirements - this book lists some of the pollutants prevention and control to do the work of the spirit of the EIA, the book also had total control of cleaner production and analysis, public participation in the work of the projects carried out environmental impact analysis of economic profit and loss. Finally, the EIA and gives a summary of recommendations and concluded: "This project meets the overall river basin planning, site selection and reasonable efficiency is obvious that environmental damage is limited. So from the point of view of environmental protection, water conservancy江惠东West branch Project construction is feasible. "
近年来，光催化-臭氧联用技术在有机废水治理方面显示了广阔的应用前景，已成为高级氧化技术方向的研究热点。本文研究了光催化-臭氧联用技术降解有机物的特性。实验结果表明，光催化-臭氧联用技术对有机物的降解效率大大高于单一光催化和单一臭氧的降解效率，具有一定的协同效应；其产生协同效应的本质原因可能是臭氧捕获了光催化过程中产生的光致电子生成了更多的·OH自由基；有机物种类对光催化-臭氧联用技术的协同效应有一定影响，与臭氧反应速率较低的有机物协同效应较显著；有机物浓度也影响协同效应，随有机物浓度的增大，协同效应增强；同时臭氧流量对协同效应也有一定影响，臭氧流量增大，协同效应减弱。还通过实验对光催化臭氧降解有机物的作用机理进行了验证。本文还研究了光催化-臭氧联用技术对环境中典型有机污染物的降解行为，主要考察的有机物包括芳香化合物、染料、染料中间体、羧酸类化合物、醇类化合物及胺类化合物。①芳香化合物的降解 通过对苯胺降解的研究表明，pH值对光催化-臭氧联用技术降解苯胺的影响不大；无论苯胺初始浓度高低，该技术都能使苯胺废水完全降解；随通入系统中臭氧流量的增加，光催化-臭氧联用技术对苯胺的降解效果增加，降解时间缩短，但臭氧流量增大到一定程度降解效率变化已不明显。对硝基苯的降解得出与苯胺相似的结论，同时还通过GC-MS技术检测到了硝基苯降解过程中的主要中间产物，包括邻、间、对硝基苯酚、间或对二硝基苯和偶氮苯等。还研究了芳香化合物结构对光催化-臭氧联用技术降解性能的影响，结果表明，取代基性质和取代基位置对降解活性都有一定影响。②染料及染料中间体的降解 采用光催化-臭氧联用技术对中低浓度溴氨酸废水和染料中间体H酸废水进行预处理，结果表明，溴氨酸废水经过短时间催化降解，脱色率能达到70％以上，COD也能得到一定的去除，同时废水的BOD5／COD值能从％～％上升至％～％，可生化性得到大幅度提高，为后续生物处理创造了有利条件。H酸废水经4h氧化COD值能从920mg／L下降到230mg／L，BOD5／COD值从原水上升到，可生化性也得到明显改善。17种水溶性染料溶液的脱色实验表明，光催化-臭氧联用技术对染料有较强的脱色能力，而且脱色效率与染料结构之间有较密切的关系，染料共扼链长短、电子云密度、偶氮双键中的氮原子是否与邻近基团形成氢键以及取代基的电负性大小等对脱色效果都有影响。
In the environmental effect appraisal's public participation is refers to the policy-making side or between the construction side same public's one kind of two-way exchange, establishes the public to participate in the environment management by supervision the normal mechanism. This article has summarized in the environmental effect appraisal “the public participation” the concept and the characteristic, introduced in the domestic and foreign environmental effect appraisal the public participation the production and the development, and aim at current various countries through the reference massive literature material the present situation which the public participation about the environmental effect appraisal, participates in the type, the content, the implementation principle and the implementing procudure four big aspects from the public, the public participated in the fundamental mode to the environmental effect appraisal in carrying on the preliminary discussion, through carried on the analysis again to the case, proposed in the environmental effect appraisal “the public participation” the implementing procudure for the information issued, the information feedback, the information compiled (including quantitative processing), the communication as well asCarries on the project decision-making, finally aimed in the present environmental effect appraisal the public to participate in the pattern existence the question proposing the corresponding countermeasure.
论文..........这篇很不错，希望对你有帮助。Top 10 Things You Can Do to Reduce Global WarmingBurning fossil fuels such as natural gas, coal, oil and gasoline raises the level of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere, and carbon dioxide is a major contributor to the greenhouse effect and global warming. You can help to reduce the demand for fossil fuels, which in turn reduces global warming, by using energy more wisely. Here are 10 simple actions you can take to help reduce global warming. 1. Reduce, Reuse, RecycleDo your part to reduce waste by choosing reusable products instead of disposables. Buying products with minimal packaging (including the economy size when that makes sense for you) will help to reduce waste. And whenever you can, recycle paper, plastic, newspaper, glass and aluminum cans. If there isn't a recycling program at your workplace, school, or in your community, ask about starting one. By recycling half of your household waste, you can save 2,400 pounds of carbon dioxide annually. 2. Use Less Heat and Air ConditioningAdding insulation to your walls and attic, and installing weather stripping or caulking around doors and windows can lower your heating costs more than 25 percent, by reducing the amount of energy you need to heat and cool your home. Turn down the heat while you’re sleeping at night or away during the day, and keep temperatures moderate at all times. Setting your thermostat just 2 degrees lower in winter and higher in summer could save about 2,000 pounds of carbon dioxide each year. 3. Change a Light BulbWherever practical, replace regular light bulbs with compact fluorescent light (CFL) bulbs. Replacing just one 60-watt incandescent light bulb with a CFL will save you $30 over the life of the bulb. CFLs also last 10 times longer than incandescent bulbs, use two-thirds less energy, and give off 70 percent less every . family replaced one regular light bulb with a CFL, it would eliminate 90 billion pounds of greenhouse gases, the same as taking million cars off the road. 4. Drive Less and Drive SmartLess driving means fewer emissions. Besides saving gasoline, walking and biking are great forms of exercise. Explore your community’s mass transit system, and check out options for carpooling to work or you do drive, make sure your car is running efficiently. For example, keeping your tires properly inflated can improve your gas mileage by more than 3 percent. Every gallon of gas you save not only helps your budget, it also keeps 20 pounds of carbon dioxide out of the atmosphere. 5. Buy Energy-Efficient ProductsWhen it's time to buy a new car, choose one that offers good gas mileage. Home appliances now come in a range of energy-efficient models, and compact florescent bulbs are designed to provide more natural-looking light while using far less energy than standard light products that come with excess packaging, especially molded plastic and other packaging that can't be recycled. If you reduce your household garbage by 10 percent, you can save 1,200 pounds of carbon dioxide annually. 6. Use Less Hot WaterSet your water heater at 120 degrees to save energy, and wrap it in an insulating blanket if it is more than 5 years old. Buy low-flow showerheads to save hot water and about 350 pounds of carbon dioxide yearly. Wash your clothes in warm or cold water to reduce your use of hot water and the energy required to produce it. That change alone can save at least 500 pounds of carbon dioxide annually in most households. Use the energy-saving settings on your dishwasher and let the dishes air-dry. 7. Use the "Off" SwitchSave electricity and reduce global warming by turning off lights when you leave a room, and using only as much light as you need. And remember to turn off your television, video player, stereo and computer when you're not using 's also a good idea to turn off the water when you're not using it. While brushing your teeth, shampooing the dog or washing your car, turn off the water until you actually need it for rinsing. You'll reduce your water bill and help to conserve a vital resource. 8. Plant a TreeIf you have the means to plant a tree, start digging. During photosynthesis, trees and other plants absorb carbon dioxide and give off oxygen. They are an integral part of the natural atmospheric exchange cycle here on Earth, but there are too few of them to fully counter the increases in carbon dioxide caused by automobile traffic, manufacturing and other human activities. A single tree will absorb approximately one ton of carbon dioxide during its . Get a Report Card from Your Utility CompanyMany utility companies provide free home energy audits to help consumers identify areas in their homes that may not be energy efficient. In addition, many utility companies offer rebate programs to help pay for the cost of energy-efficient upgrades. 10. Encourage Others to ConserveShare information about recycling and energy conservation with your friends, neighbors and co-workers, and take opportunities to encourage public officials to establish programs and policies that are good for the 10 steps will take you a long way toward reducing your energy use and your monthly budget. And less energy use means less dependence on the fossil fuels that create greenhouse gases and contribute to global warming.
The way in which businesses will react and behave depend on a range of factors. Micro factors may be controllable, however, companies also need to be aware of the macro factors which they cannot control but will still impact on their business. The decision of how to react then has to be taken with consideration to a range of stakeholders. Nike, as an international brand name has a large number of stakeholders, from employees, contractors and customers as well as shareholders through to less direct stakeholders such as the families of employees and residents near their offices or contracts factories. The decision they make will reflect the political, economic, social and technological environment. There are many political factors that may impact on Nike. As an international company, there is a strong association with their home nation. This American based firm sells anything sports related from trainers and football boots to T-shirts and sweatbands (Thompson, 1997). As such this company has some very profound strength. The brand name is recognised on a global basis and perceived as a good quality brand with superior performance. It has also gained a reputation as a ‘designer’ label, and as such has become very attractive to many teenagers and fashion conscious young people. With the opening up of markets and a larger amount of pull factors we can see that Nike is making success international markets such as Russian. With the current disagreement with the attitude of the US over the way in which Iraq should be dealt with there is the creation of some level of alienation. The impact may be that American goods in countries such as Russia and Germany become less popular as a result of the political environment.