英语人工翻译教学大纲与研究论文

A: in this paper:Edgar Allen POE is a famous 19th century American novelist, poet and literary critic. George Bernard shaw once said: "the United States out of the two great writers, POE and Mark Twain." Mark Twain has long been a household name, but Edgar Allan POE's life experience, even in the first decades after the death of his neglected, even the sky. Until the twentieth century, he was gradually favored by various criticism genre. Slope in its short life of the communist party of China produced 70 short stories and 48 poem. His poetry pays great attention to the subjective emotion, the pursuit of the beauty of music and form; In the majority with gothic horror fiction novel. This kind of work often mysterious story, character in the majority of insanity, is full of terrorist weird things, build

翻译方向论文的提纲怎么写

四、旅游英语翻译中需注意的问题

1.语言差异及文化差异、缺失

在旅游英语翻译过程中,语言及文化差异不容忽视.由于不同国家语言、风俗、兴趣等不尽相同,因此这些在旅游英语翻译中应该特别注意.就在语言差异方面来说,一旦将其忽视的就会产生所谓的中式英语.这样不免有些大跌眼镜.文化上的差异和缺失也是翻译时候必须重视的问题,这会直接影响外国游客对旅游景点的理解认识.

2.切忌逐字直译

有的景点资料翻译只是停留在按文字表面意义上,而对其深层历史含义不闻不问,或者对相关知识一窍不通,结果翻译出来的资料效果可想而知,不仅仅是使外国游客对景点产生错误理解,而且还影响到我国景点形象.这种逐字翻译闹出的笑话数不胜数,不止会让外国游客啼笑皆非,甚至对我国形象都抹了黑.

五、总结

就旅游本身而言,它是一种文化交流.外来游客来我国游玩,不仅能够领略优美的风光,而且可以感受我泱泱中华古老而神秘的.文化.作为民族文化的一种载体,旅游英语的翻译承载着不同历史、不同民族、不同语言文化信息的传播,这决定了旅游翻译工作的跨文化性,是传播文化的介质.对于旅游工作者来说,拥有深厚的英语功底,能够灵活恰当的运用旅游英语翻译技巧是必须具备的工作能力,减少信息缺失和文化误导,使游客玩的更轻松更愉悦,对我国旅游业乃至我国文化的传播都有着至关重要的作用.

参考文献：

[1]陈伟.旅游英语与其翻译策略[J].商情(财经研究),2008;3

[2]魏三军,邓艳.对我国旅游英语翻译的问题探讨[J].外语学刊,2008;5

[3]吴伟雄,方汉泉.实用英语翻译技巧.昆明：云南人民出版社,1997;72

一.关于本专业毕业论文的选题

英语专业本科生毕业论文选题可以在三个大的方向中进行，即英语文学，语言学和翻译学。各个大方向中又可以选择小的方向，具体解释如下：

1.英语文学：选择英语文学的毕业论文选题可以从三个方向进行：国别文学研究、文学批评理论研究和比较文学研究。

在进行国别文学研究选题时，一般选取英国文学或美国文学中的某一经典作家(如海明威)，某一经典作品(如《双城记》)，某一写作手法(如象征手法的运用)或某一文学思潮(如浪漫主义运动)作深入研究。但在选择作家或作品时最好选择在文学史上作为经典的作家或作品。有个别流行作家或作品极富盛名，容易引起学生的兴趣，如《飘》或《荆棘鸟》，学生有强烈愿望选择它们作为研究对象。在不可避免上述情况时，应该尽可能地挖掘作品内在的深刻含义，不能流于肤浅的分析。

文学批评理论的选题一般不太适合英语专业本科生，因为该理论知识的学习在英语专业研究生阶段，本科生一般不具备文学批评理论的知识结构。这个方向的选题可以有关某一文学批评理论,一文学批评术语的阐释或某两种或以上的文学批评理论的比较。

比较文学研究就是将两个以上的作家或作品进行比较。这两个作品或作家可以是同一国别的(如“雪莱与拜伦的诗歌比较”)，也可以是不同国别的(如《牡丹亭》与《罗密欧与朱丽叶》)

2.语言学：选择语言学的毕业论文选题可以在两个大的方向进行：普通语言学和应用语言学。

普通语言学的研究就是对于英语语言的任何一个方面的研究，如对一种词性、或一种时态、或拼写、语调等等方面的研究(如“一般现在时及其交际功能”)。

应用语言学包括教学法的研究和其它一些新兴的应用语言学分支的研究。师范专业或本身从事教师职业的学生选择教学法方向的较多。在这个方向选题，也要避免过大范围的选题，而应对一个具体问题进行研究，最重要的是要结合教学实践或实验。这个方向的好的选题有：“个性与英语教学”，“方言对英语学习的影响”等。

3.翻译学：翻译学的选题一般可以在两个方向上进行：翻译理论以及翻译活动。对翻译理论的研究就是探讨某一种翻译理论等等。相比之下，对翻译活动的研究更多一些，这些选题可以是对一种语言现象的翻译、或一种修辞格的翻译的研究(如“汉语成语的英译”)。应该注意的是，在对翻译活动作研究时，往往需要某种翻译理论支撑，总结规律，并对这一活动作出评价，要避免仅仅时例子的罗列。

二.英语专业毕业论文格式要求

学位论文包括前置、主体、附录等三个部分。

(一)前置

1.英文封面：由论文英文题目、解释、作者、指导老师姓名和职称、时间组成。

2.目录：由论文的中、英文摘要、篇、章、条、款以及参考书目、附录等序号、题名和页码组成，排在英文封面之后另页。

3.中、英文内容摘要：摘要是论文的内容不加注释和评论的简短陈述，宜以最简洁的语言介绍论文的概要、作者的突出论点、新见解或创造性成果以及实验方法、数据或结论，是一篇完整的短文，可以独立使用，中文摘要一般在200字左右

A: Introduction: Edgar Allan Poe is nineteenth Century America famous novelist, poet and literary critic. Bernard Shaw once said: "American out of the two great writers, Allan Poe and Mark Twin." Mark Twain had already make known to every family, but Allan Poe's career, even in the first decadesafter death are left out in the cold, and even criticism. Until twentieth Century, he was gradually by the various schools of literary criticism in favor of. Poe wrote 70 short stories and 48 poems in his short life of the Communist Party of china. His poems focus on the subjective feelings, the pursuit of the beauty of music and beauty in form; novel with Gothic horror novel. This kind of work is often the story rather mysterious, people areinsane, is full of horror and weird things, creating a strong atmosphere of terror, straight hit the human heart, give a person with spiritual Allan Poe is an aesthete, he was full of frustrations, not all accepted by the public, this is undoubtedly a huge trauma on sensitive he, also have a great influence on his literary creation. He is good at the novel in a dark cold atmosphere, with its superior language skills and all threads neatly tied up the scene description, in-depth the inner world of characters, thenature of the dark Ugly Naked reduction to readers, to bring an unprecedentedsensory and mental impact to the people. D H Laurence in the "research USAclassical literature" (1923) of Edgar Allan Poe had such evaluation, he is "adeep human nature cave, cellars and creepy tunnel explorer". Edgar Allan Poeadvocated "art for art's sake". He thought that all the purpose of art is tocreate entertainment, not to reveal the truth. In story writing, artists should attempt to terror, thrilling and strong emotional effect. At the same time, literature should pay attention to harmony and atmosphere of the overall rendering. He founded his own theory of short stories -- Unity of effect theory in order to achieve this goal, he advocated the use of two strategies: one is limited in length, and resolutely not to help build the effect of words; the two is the effect of pre conceived, to effect coinedplot. Published in 1846, "a bucket of white Wine" (the cask of Amontillado)is one of the representative works of Poe's horror novels, but also fully embodies Poe's short story creation theory. In twentieth Century 90 years,western culture and literary theory circles have great in strength and impetus of the boom, this upsurge will almost all concerned with social history, political economic and cultural life, literary activities andliterary phenomena in the research field of slope, this is a controversialwriter involved, he and his works are the macroscopic and microcosmicperspective, the transverse and longitudinal all-round culture, the slope of the classic horror story "Armand Tirado" is also very deep. All along, the western literary critics have not given up on the slope, evaluation and even in many great writers of the same period will give him different. Tennyson(Tennyson) said Poe was the "most creative genius" American, Whitman(Whitman) said he is "imaginative literature electro-optic, bright, dazzling,but no heat". In China, disputes on slope is not so large, the POE themeinquiry, also have a method from a single criticism criticize. There also will be the study of Poe's novels were placed in a traditional or abackground of the research, such as slope and Gothic Fiction tradition or thechanges and development of slope is placed in the American novels underinvestigation. Two: domestic and foreign research: (foreign scholars to studyabroad:) Alan Poe's classic horror short story "Armand Tyra" the cask is very impressive, generally divided into three levels: level, personality of Poe'slife and character cut in his works; the text level: small in the Gothicstyle and unique the art of writing and abstract structure level. D H Laurence in the "research USA classical literature" (1923) of Edgar Allan Poehad such evaluation, he is "a deep human nature cave, cellars and creepytunnel explorer." Normal Gothic theory in many aspects, but in the "Armand Tirado" the cask barrel, performance is most pronounced on lots of novels andfrom a first person perspective technique. The text of the "I" is the narrator and protagonist, is also a not directly participate in the Revengeof language transfer, from him we can not infer any fundamental fact.(Chinese:) but, the domestic study on slope started in the last century,"five four" New Culture Movement你看看行不行