发布时间：
论文里的参考文献你可以去一些，就是能够找到那些书的网络上，或者是图书馆里面进行寻找。
你在论文里所有的引用的参考文献都可以在4s店里面找，这对于学生来说是非常常用的一个网站，你可以用你自己写的论文的关键词进行搜索。
参考文献可以在百度学术中找到。 毕业论文参考文献规范格式一、参考文献的类型参考文献（即引文出处）的类型以单字母方式标识，具体如下：M——专著 C——论文集 N——报纸文章J——期刊文章 D——学位论文 R——报告对于不属于上述的文献类型，采用字母“Z”标识。对于英文参考文献，还应注意以下两点：①作者姓名采用“姓在前名在后”原则，具体格式是： 姓，名字的首字母. 如： Malcolm Richard Cowley 应为：Cowley, M.R.，如果有两位作者，第一位作者方式不变，&之后第二位作者名字的首字母放在前面，姓放在后面，如：Frank Norris 与Irving Gordon应为：Norris, F. & I.Gordon.；②书名、报刊名使用斜体字，如：Mastering English Literature，English Weekly。二、参考文献的格式及举例1.期刊类[格式][序号]作者.篇名[J].刊名，出版年份，卷号（期号）：起止页码.[举例][1] 王海粟.浅议会计信息披露模式[J].财政研究，2004,21(1)：56-58.[2] 夏鲁惠.高等学校毕业论文教学情况调研报告[J].高等理科教育，2004(1):46-52.[3] Heider, E.R.& D.C.Oliver. The structure of color space in naming and memory of two languages [J]. Foreign Language Teaching and Research, 1999, (3): 62 – 67.2.专著类[格式][序号]作者.书名[M].出版地：出版社，出版年份：起止页码.[举例][4] 葛家澍，林志军.现代西方财务会计理论[M].厦门：厦门大学出版社，2001：42.[5] Gill, R. Mastering English Literature [M]. London: Macmillan, 1985: 42-45.3.报纸类[格式][序号]作者.篇名[N].报纸名，出版日期（版次）.[举例][6] 李大伦.经济全球化的重要性[N]. 光明日报，1998-12-27(3).[7] French, W. Between Silences: A Voice from China[N]. Atlantic Weekly, 1987-8-15(33).4.论文集[格式][序号]作者.篇名[C].出版地：出版者，出版年份：起始页码.[举例][8] 伍蠡甫.西方文论选[C]. 上海：上海译文出版社，1979：12-17.[9] Spivak,G. “Can the Subaltern Speak?”[A]. In C.Nelson & L. Grossberg(eds.). Victory in Limbo: Imigism [C]. Urbana: University of Illinois Press, 1988, pp.271-313.[10] Almarza, G.G. Student foreign language teacher’s knowledge growth [A]. In D.Freeman and J.C.Richards (eds.). Teacher Learning in Language Teaching [C]. New York: Cambridge University Press. 1996. pp.50-78.5.学位论文[格式][序号]作者.篇名[D].出版地：保存者，出版年份：起始页码.[举例][11] 张筑生.微分半动力系统的不变集[D].北京：北京大学数学系数学研究所, 1983：1-7.6.研究报告[格式][序号]作者.篇名[R].出版地：出版者，出版年份：起始页码.[举例][12] 冯西桥.核反应堆压力管道与压力容器的LBB分析[R].北京：清华大学核能技术设计研究院, 1997：9-10.7.条例[格式][序号]颁布单位.条例名称.发布日期[举例][15] 中华人民共和国科学技术委员会.科学技术期刊管理办法[Z].1991—06—058.译著[格式][序号]原著作者. 书名[M].译者，译.出版地：出版社，出版年份：起止页码.三、注释注释是对论文正文中某一特定内容的进一步解释或补充说明。注释前面用圈码①、②、③等标识。四、参考文献参考文献与文中注（王小龙，2005）对应。标号在标点符号内。多个都需要标注出来，而不是1-6等等 ，并列写出来。求采纳为满意回答。
论文里面的参考文献都是在写论文的时候，需要哪方面的知识，可以到参考文献里面去查阅，也就是查阅相关的著作。
你好，很高兴为你解答。雅思大作文写作模板： 开头段：两句话1 转述原文The issue of increasingly longer life span is of much contention to the general public.2 提出文章要探讨的内容Therefore, this essay aims to identify the possible effects that this change has brought to both individuals and society.中间段：建议写三段两种处理方式：第一种先写两点对于个人的影响，再写对于社会的。第二种先写寿命长对于个人和社会好的影响，再写坏的影响。结尾段1 总结文章影响Therefore, although senior citizens might, to some extent, deprive the younger generation of their job opportunities, they tend to enlighten the whole society with their experience and care.2 提出建议（主要针对年轻人）Therefore, the youth are suggested to confront this situation. If they could not be offered the opportunities, it would prove that they were not so capable as the old generation, when the only way out was to learn from old people and try to gain more experiences.希望可以帮到你！
写过毕业论文的应该都熟悉参考文献的管理多么折磨人，文献管理工具导出的格式跟学校要求的格式差距很大，每次手动修改之后，一刷新全程的努力白费。肯定有不少小伙伴都是经历过这样的痛苦，我当时参考文献都是自己一个一个手动打上去，说多了都是泪。 本着造福下一届的初心，在论文提交盲审之后，整理了一下学校参考文献的样式模板，希望对于之后的学生写毕业论文的时候能够有所帮助。每一届的参考文献格式可能会有所变化，但是基于我给大家整理的进行微调，应该也是能够省下不少的时间。 以下是【华中科技大学毕业论文】的参考文献格式要求，所以在下述的样式模板中，仅仅只是针对下面5中情况，做了特殊地处理。如果你有特殊的需求，可以参考下文中的对样式进行自定义。 由于在读研期间用的是 Zotero 管理的文献，所以仅仅只整理了 Zotero 的样式模板。这个样式是在 China National Standard GB/T 7714-2005 (numeric, 中文) 基础之上进行修改，结合了@牛耕田发布的 china-national-standard-gb-t-7714-2015-numeric-BiLan.csl 中 et al 和 等 混用的技巧 编辑 -> 首选项 -> 引用 -> 样式管理 + -> 选择本文的样式 -> OK 首先将光标定位到需要添加引用的位置，点击word中 Zotero 页面的 Add/Edit Citation ，然后选择 china-national-standard-gb-t-7714-2005-numeric-中文-hust-hsc.csl 样式，点击确认，之后搜索需要添加参考论文的名字。如果在当前位置需要引用多篇文献，可以重复在输入框中输入不同的标题。 由于 Zotero 在导入文献的时候，很多信息是不全的，导致在导出参考文献的时候，格式很乱，所以在导出格式之前，需要对每个论文的信息进行补全。其中对于每一项，设置了必填项，这些内容必须在填写正确。下面是我比较常用的两个网站，用来检索论文的信息。 对于所有的参考文献，如果是英文参考文献，记得在 Zotero 中信息这一栏的 语言 设置为 en ，是为了区分 et al 和 等 首先将光标定位到需要添加引用的位置，点击word中 Zotero 页面中的 Add/Edit Bibliography 。 如果上述样式不满足你的需要，可以按照加载上面的样式，在这基础之上进行修改。 自定义样式的网址为：
参考文献格式如下：
（1）专著：〔序号］作者，专著名［M]，出版地：出版社，出版年。
（2）期刊中析出的文献：〔序号］作者，题（篇）名［J]，刊名，出版年(期号）。
（3）论文集：〔序号］作者，题（篇）名［C]，出版地：出版社，出版年。
（4）学位论文：〔序号］作者．题（篇）名［D]，授学位单位，授学位年。
（5）专利文献：〔序号］专利申请者，专利题名［P]，专利国别：专利号，出版日期。
（6）报纸文章：〔序号］作者，题（篇）名［N]，报纸名，出版日期。
（7）电子文档：〔序号］作者，题（篇）名〔文献类型／载体类型〕，网址，发表日期。
参考文献的作用
1、反映研究者的研究基础；
2、体现研究的区别；
3、尊重前人和他人的知识成果；
4、反映科学态度和索引作用；
5、向读者推荐一批经过精选的文献；
6、节省论文篇幅。
[序号]主要责任者.文献题名[J].刊名,年,卷(期):起止页码。例如：[1]何龄修.读南明史[J].中国史研究,1998,(3):167-173。[2]OU J P,SOONG T T,et al.Recent advance in research on applications of passive energy dissipation systems[J].Earthquack Eng,1997,38(3):358-361。
2011雅思小作文写作万能模板1、通过第一个曲线图，我们可以知道____,也说明了结果是___According to the first graph, it can be seen that ______________, it can also be concluded from it that ______________.2、一张有趣、有教育意义的、(内容)的图片(这句模板在雅思小作文中的应用非常的广泛。)There is an interesting and instructive picture which goes like this: __________.3、当前有一张涉及______的增长曲线图，许多人______，然而其他人倾向于___Nowadays there is a growing concern over ______________. Many people like ______________, while others are inclined to ______________.4、目前，共同之处是_________,许多人喜欢______因为_______除此之外还由于_____Nowadays, it is common to ______________. Many people like______________ because ______________. Besides, ______________.5、(图表所示)_____，就像许多其他事物，被____更加喜爱，然而这一观点正被________所抨击，一些人认为_________，他们指出_________________________, just like many other things, are preferred by ____________.While being attacked by the idea that ______________, some people consider ______________. They point that ______________.1 according to the chart```2 the date lead us to the conclusion that```3 the date show```4 the tree diagram reveals how```5 the figures show```6 this is a cure graph which describes the trend of```7 the pie graph depicts```8 the graph provides some interesting date regrarding```9 the table shows the changes in the number of ``` over the periodfrom ```to ```10 as is shown in the table ```11 from the table ,we can clearly see that ```12 this table shows the changing proportion of X and Y from ``` to ````13 the graph,presented in a pie chart, shows the general trend in```14 as can be seen from the grape ,the two curves show the flutuation of ```15 over the period from ```to ```the```remained level.16 in the year between ```and ```.17 in the 3 years spanning from 2005 through 2008.18 the number of ``` remained steady from ```to ````.19 the number sharply went up to ```20 the percentage of ``` stayed the same between ``` and ```21 the percentage remainede steady at```22 the percentage of ```is sightly large than that of.23 there is not a great deal of differece between ```and ```24 the graphs show a three fold increase in the number of ```25 ```decreased year by year while ```increased steadily.26 there is an upward trend in the number of ```27 a considerable increase occurred from ```to ```28 from ```to ```the rate of decrease slow down.29 from this year on,there was a gradual declinel reduction in the```reaching a figure of.30 be similar to ```be the same as31 there are a lot similarities between ```and ```32 the difference between X and Y lies in ```雅思学术性写作考试中Task 1 考查考生解释，说明信息的能力，这些信息通常体现在图解，表格和插图中，这一部分的模式化程度更高一些。下类50个句式是雅思留学类考生需要背诵的最最基础的句子。请同学们自己背诵。在写作小作文的时候，也可以作为参考材料。1. the table illustrates the changes in the number of...over the period from...to...该表格描述了在...年之...年间...数量的变化。2. the bar chart illustrates that... 该柱状图展示了...3. the graph provides some interesting data regarding...该图为我们提供了有关...有趣数据。4. the diagram shows (that)... 该图向我们展示了...5. the pie graph depicts (that).... 该圆形图揭示了...6.this is a cure graph which describes the trend of...这个曲线图描述了...的趋势。7. the figures/statistics show (that)... 数据(字)表明...8. the tree diagram reveals how...该树型图向我们揭示了如何...9. the data/statistics show (that)...该数据(字)可以这样理解...10. the data/statistics/figures lead us to the conclusion that...这些数据资料令我们得出结论...11. as is shown/demonstrated/exhibited in the diagram/graph/chart/table...如图所示...12. according to the chart/figures... 根据这些表(数字)...13. as is shown in the table... 如表格所示...14. as can be seen from the diagram, great changes have taken place in...从图中可以看出，...发生了巨大变化。15. from the table/chart/diagram/figure, we can see clearly that...or it is clear/apparent from the chart that...从图表我们可以很清楚(明显)看到...16. this is a graph which illustrates...这个图表向我们展示了...17. this table shows the changing proportion of a & b from...to...该表格描述了...年到...年间a与b的比例关系。18. the graph, presented in a pie chart, shows the general trend in...该图以圆形图形式描述了...总的趋势。19. this is a column chart showing... 这是个柱型图，描述了...20. as can be seen from the graph, the two curves show the fluctuation of...如图所示，两条曲线描述了...的波动情况。21. over the period from...to...the...remained level.在...至...期间，...基本不变。22. in the year between...and... 在...年到...期间...23. in the 3 years spanning from 1995 through 1998...1995年至1998三年里...24. from then on/from this time onwards... 从那时起...25. the number of...remained steady/stable from (month/year) to (month/year)....月(年)至...月(年)...的数量基本不变。26. the number sharply went up to... 数字急剧上升至...27. the percentage of...stayed the same between...and......至...期间...的比率维持不变。28. the figures peaked at...in(month/year)...的数目在...月(年)达到顶点，为...29. the percentage remained steady at... 比率维持在...30. the percentage of...is slightly larger/smaller than that of......的比例比...的比例略高(低)。31. there is not a great deal of difference between...and......与...的区别不大。32. the graphs show a threefold increase in the number of...该图表表明...的数目增长了三倍。33. ..decreased year by year while...increased steadily....逐年减少，而...逐步上升。……太多啦，你给个邮箱，我发给你吧！
一提到雅思写作模板，有人想到的是一大篇完整的 文章 ，其中有少许空缺，用来填上某个特定话题的特定内容，一篇及格的雅思文章即出炉。其实这是对模板的误解。最有效且值得初学者模仿的内容，是 句子 。我为大家分享20种经典的雅思大 作文 开头句模板。
雅思大作文模板之20种经典开头句分型
1、According to the first graph, it can be seen that ______________, it can also be concluded from it that ______________.
2、There is an interesting and instructive picture which goes like this: ______________.
3、Nowadays there is a growing concern over ______________. Many people like ______________,
while others are inclined to ______________.
4、Nowadays, it is common to ______________. Many people like ______________ because ______________. Besides, ______________.
5、 ______________, just like many other things, are preferred by ______________. While being attacked by the idea that ______________, some people consider ______________. They point that ______________.
6、Everything has two sides and ______________ is not an exception, it has both advantages and disadvantages.
7、For years ______________ had been viewed as ______________. But people are taking a fresh look at it now.
8、It has stipulated by the government that ______________. To this stipulation, many people respond actively because ______________.
9、______________ is a common occurrence in our daily life. Whatever we do, ______________ can't be avoided.
10、______________ has become a hot topic among people, especially among the young, and heated debates are right on their way.
11、Recently, ______________ has become the focus of the society, and in this way.. People swarm to ______________.
12、______________ has been playing an increasingly important role in our day-to-day life. It has brought us a lot of benefits but created some serious problems as well.
13、Man is now facing a big problem-______________, which is becoming more and more serious. First, ______________ second, ______________.
14、Nowadays more and more people are beginning to be aware of the seriousness of ______________.
15、It is only during the last years that man has become generally aware that ______________.
16、There is an old saying, ______________. It's the experience of our forefathers, however, it is correct in many cases ever today.
17、The English proverb says, ______________. This is quite true because ______________.
18、______________ is now______________, and at the same time ______________. These two factors have caused ______________. Then what shall we do to solve ______________ in the face of such a situation.
19、One of our ancient philosophers said, ______________. Chinese people have always been holding this idea to be one of their standards of morality.
20、One of the great early writers said that ______________. If this is true, the present situation should make us ponder over ______________.
雅思大作文：the old age is more valued , while in some cultures the youth is more valued
雅思大作文题目：In some cultures, the old age is more valued (valuable), while in some cultures the youth is more valued (more useful). Discuss both views and give your opinion.
Give reasons for your answer and include any relevant examples from your own knowledge or experience.
作文 范文 ：
There have been drastic and constant changes of societies and values in the global context for recent decades. Therefore, some traditional cultures regard old age valuable for their civilization whereas other utilitarian ones may deem the youth, energetic and willing to accept challenges, to more precious.
What the senior brings about to all areas is mainly experience and the sense of security to all. It is well acknowledged that the aged, whichever field they have served, have accumulated more knowledge and skills out of years practice. They may thus grasp some principles that can be utilized in guiding the next generation to cope with matters and, even having undergone modern technological revolutions, ought to be applicablein most cases. Apart from this apparent benefit, another must not be neglected. Everyone without exception goes through the aging process and it is not hard to imagine what it would be like if a society viewed the elderly to be useless and exerted little of its resources in supporting them. Nothing could alleviate the anxiety of the middle-aged and even young adults about their retirement benefits and eventually fade away the sense of security, followed by some possible increase of crime rate.
Cultures think high of the youth, however, can see benefits on social production and renovations. In the first place, the youth are generally way more dynamic, which offer sufficient labor force to carry out productive activities, and if a greater reward and respect can be given and shown to them, this force can be more active and rewarding in return. Moreover, they generally and more quickly can embrace changes in work and life. This indicates the removal of obstacles in implementing challenging policies, promoting certain businesses, developing new technologies, and boosting economy afterwards within a relatively short period.
To my mind, a justifiable government should keep the balance between the pension for the past devotion of the elder and the incentive for the current contribution from the young, to realize social justice and security.
雅思大作文：the world of work is changing rapidly
雅思大作文题目：The world of work is changing rapidly and people cannot depend on the same job or same conditions of work for life. Discuss the possible causes for this rapid change and give your suggestions on how people should prepare for work in the future?Give reasons for your answer and include any relevant examples from your own knowledge or experience.
作文范文：
In my country, people used to be constrained to a single workplace for lifelong by social security or welfare system. However, this is no longer the case nowadays when people are free to choose their occupation or have to adapt themselves in different positions.
People now change their works and environment based on several reasons, subjectively and objectively. To pursue a better career or break through a bottleneck, rather than secure a stable income, young people usually opt to change their job. In addition, graduates with little working experience have not developed a clear perspective of their life career. It is reasonable for them to be exposed to various workplaces, orienting to the society and trying to find out their strengths and interests. On the negative side, employers have to qualify themselves every couple of years, or else they may get fired and are forced to get other positions. This is because modern technologies have been revolutionizing since the advent of computer and internet and employers from different industries have to adopt the radically changing needs of the market. They thus must recruit those with advanced skills and specialties and cast out those left behind in order to meet the demand.
For better future career and greater possibilities of being always employed, people can take the following pieces of advice. It is certainly feasible that people exert their lifelong time in acquiring new knowledge and skills. This is especially true and cruel for the veteran workers who may find their specialized knowledge outdated comparing to that brought by the fresh and even new graduates. It is only a matter of attitude of being studious and diligent, otherwise laziness would eventually take its toll. Another piece of suggestion is to stand on solid ground before a job-hop and a promotion, which is mainly aiming at those regarding themselves already fully-prepared to get higher position. If one’s strong sense of responsibility is not fostered, maturity not or ability to tackle problems not developed, the newly-promoted will suffer from both disobedience of reports and doubts of bosses.
To sum up, the swift shifting societies offer people less chance to stay vocationally unchanged. Therefore, the path of a successful career would be more even if one is willing to tgeready and embrace.
雅思大作文：the family have a powerful influence on children 's life
雅思大作文题目：Although the family have a powerful influence on children 's life， the influence outside from home isa bigger part for his/her development. To what extent do you agree or disagree?Give reasons for your answer and include any relevant examples from your own knowledge or experience.
作文范文：
It is known to people from both western and eastern world that some certain features always run within each family, unlikely to alter even after people have become independent from the original family for long. Therefore, I hardly agree with the indication that the life outside from family has greater impact for people.
Schooling and social experience undeniably affect peoplein various aspects. The most obvious one lies in the environment in whichschool students and social persons have more chances to acquire more knowledge and gain richer experience because of far more sources of input, from friends, teachers, bosses, colleagues, acquaintances and even strangers. People thus have to foster a variety of relationships and learn to cope with them skilfully. With extensive knowledge and harmonious relationships, a better development maybe maintained and furthered.
However, the family education, or parenting to be exact, turns out to be more profound and root. In the pursuit of knowledge, one has to foster habits like being able to concentrate and to expand quality attention span at the very beginning of school years. These are required by school authorities and sadly and generally realized at home as teachers can only focus on the overall performance of the class rather than each very individual. Some may argue about private sectors and that leads to the second point, the power of money. The amount of resources that one can utilize not only decide the standard of living, which may support private tutoring for better learning habits but also may formulate his or her value towards wealth, which in the long run, intentionally or unexpectedly is passed to the offspring. As well as that, children’s value towards people, right and wrong and even goal of life is deeply affected.
In conclusion, I don’t agree with the opinion that others factors influence more than family itself as the value is formed there and it can be recognized in nearly all aspects in the later part of life.
如何写好雅思大作文呢？我们可以从以下三个方面着手：一、词汇无论是雅思考试四项中的哪一项，词汇量永远是最重要的基础，但是针对作文，需要准备一些针对不同话题的词汇，每种类型例如医疗，食品，教育。如果时间没有那么充足，那么可以准备十到十五个，每个话题准备三十个左右的中难词。二、观点即便是中文的写作考试要有让人眼前一新的idea也是不容易的，鉴于几乎所有把英语作为第二语言的人在写作的时候都会经历一个翻译的过程，请参考作文预测，拿出笔记本，使用任何一个有计时功能的手机对每个话题规定时间想出中文的点子。每个话题最多五分钟，要有紧迫感，因为这个时间是我希望你用在考试中的，可以帮助你快速理清要写的大纲，这是避免在实际写作中出现一点刚刚提出没有经过证明立马又跳到另一个新点子的情况。三.逻辑如果说前面两项都已经做到很好，那么你的作文至少也在5.5到6分左右，那么第三部分逻辑，就要开始加深文章的内涵同时也是雅思大作文提分的一个要点.很多人觉得，提升文章整体的逻辑性，只需要背几篇万能模板就可以了，但是其实大量使用的模板正是限制我们得分的要素之一。作文能否得高分，语句之间的逻辑性更加重要，就像你读一篇小说，如果语句之间环环相扣，联系紧密，那么阅读的感觉必然要好很多。对此，我们可以多看些高分的范文，从中吸取文章特长，加以利用，这样就可以写好雅思大作文了。
分享一个雅思20年写作名师的大作文框架或者说文章结构 Organization。
Rephrase question sentence + both sides
——题目改写+正反方观点
• 段落1行文结构：
Nowadays, many people…
At the same time, however, there is some uncertainty…
In this essay, I will review the issue to seek a conclusion that…
（此类套话，要小心使用）
• 注意：改写问题句 (rephrase question sentence), 不应该有单词重复
• 每一篇大作文都建有立场，万一没有可以写：（整个文章的主题句）
In this essay I will review both sides of the debate to seek a conclusion.
• 段落2行文结构：
To begin with, …
Moreover, …
In addition, …
• 段落3行文结构：
On the other hand, however, …
Furthermore, …
Consequently, …
扩展论点同paragraph2。
both sides + my opinion，论点总结+自己的立场，同时跟其他一样，结论段也是三个句子。
• 段落4行文结构：
To summarize, there is no doubt that…
Meanwhile, …
In the final analysis, therefore, one can conclude that…
• 结尾段必须包括三个部分正方观点小结，反方观点小结，和个人观点，注意个人观点表述必须清晰明了，可以同意一个立场，也可以同意或不同意双方立场，言之有理，顺理成章即可。
雅思大作文的行文结构，只是提供了一个总体框架；雅思写作中，除了搭建框架外，好的词句积累同样非常重要。
网页链接
吉大的那个，进不去。必须是校内网。我试过。 您需要下载哪些呢？ 可以把题目留下来，我可以帮您下载哦。 闽南理工学院论坛可以为您提供免费的论文下载！
你必须是校内网 不然其他网络无法进入 可以百度论文记得采纳啊
吉大购买了中国知网的数据库，你可以参考这里有相关的账号和密码