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英语论文开题报告范文 function and application of descriptive translation studies 1 introduction the intention of this study is to explore possible advantages of descriptive translation studies as in its application in translation practice and translation since early 20th century, translation studies gradually broke away from the marginal status within other related disciplines and established itself as an empirical from then on, schools of thought have kept coming out and each claims its legitimacy for among these schools is descriptive translation studies (dts) dts approaches translation from an empirical translation is viewed to be a social activity having significant importance in the receiving culture and for the target therefore, translation is dealt with beyond the linguistic realization and language comparison, and is incorporated in social and cultural my attention was first directed to dts by its peculiar characteristic of observation, description and the subject is whatever happens in translation practice, from the determination of prospective function of translation to the process of translator’s choice of strategies, brainstorming and the revision, to the final product making appearance in the target the method of dts is basically the prescriptive tendency and the problem-solution pattern is translation phenomena are noted with accumulated data, some underlying truths about translation will come out which will prove to be instructive not only for theoretical probe but also for applied translation i will apply this descriptive method in the case study of this a convenient tool has been set up to conduct “norm” is operative at every stage of description and function, process and product and their relationship as well are skeletal structure of what constitute descriptive translation phenomena are accounted for with the help of the case taken in this thesis is the chinese classic the dream of red two english versions translated respectively by yang hsien-yi and david hawks are compared and observations are made in regard to their translation in this regard, my observations are limited to several aspects, i hope in-depth observation and explanation will done in light of 2 outline 1 development and major concepts of dts in this part i will describe holms’ basic map of dts and the relationship between function, process and i will also discuss some important concepts such as pseudo-translation, multiple translation, translationese, norm 2 methodolgy i will in this part discuss the methodology of dts before i apply the same to the case study in this thesis with emphasis to be placed on semiotic approach and the concept 3 dts in contrast to other theories a contrast study will be conducted here with the objective to find the difference of dts from other theories such as equivalence theory and the chinese xin da ya some advantage will possibly be shown in this 4 case study in this part, translation of the dream of red mansions (also translated as the story of the stone) will be under investigation in light of translation samples to be quoted here will be selected at 5 conclusion based on the above elaboration of dts and the case study, possible conclusion will be on the advantage of dts in specific study of suggestions on further research efforts will be made (note: while the topic will remain the same, the above arrangement of contents is subject to change in the process of ) 0 000
英语论文开题报告范文 function and application of descriptive translation studies 1 introduction the intention of this study is to explore possible advantages of descriptive translation studies as in its application in translation practice and translation since early 20th century, translation studies gradually broke away from the marginal status within other related disciplines and established itself as an empirical from then on, schools of thought have kept coming out and each claims its legitimacy for among these schools is descriptive translation studies (dts) dts approaches translation from an empirical translation is viewed to be a social activity having significant importance in the receiving culture and for the target therefore, translation is dealt with beyond the linguistic realization and language comparison, and is incorporated in social and cultural my attention was first directed to dts by its peculiar characteristic of observation, description and the subject is whatever happens in translation practice, from the determination of prospective function of translation to the process of translator’s choice of strategies, brainstorming and the revision, to the final product making appearance in the target the method of dts is basically the prescriptive tendency and the problem-solution pattern is translation phenomena are noted with accumulated data, some underlying truths about translation will come out which will prove to be instructive not only for theoretical probe but also for applied translation i will apply this descriptive method in the case study of this a convenient tool has been set up to conduct “norm” is operative at every stage of description and function, process and product and their relationship as well are skeletal structure of what constitute descriptive translation phenomena are accounted for with the help of the case taken in this thesis is the chinese classic the dream of red two english versions translated respectively by yang hsien-yi and david hawks are compared and observations are made in regard to their translation in this regard, my observations are limited to several aspects, i hope in-depth observation and explanation will done in light of 2 outline 1 development and major concepts of dts in this part i will describe holms’ basic map of dts and the relationship between function, process and i will also discuss some important concepts such as pseudo-translation, multiple translation, translationese, norm 2 methodolgy i will in this part discuss the methodology of dts before i apply the same to the case study in this thesis with emphasis to be placed on semiotic approach and the concept 3 dts in contrast to other theories a contrast study will be conducted here with the objective to find the difference of dts from other theories such as equivalence theory and the chinese xin da ya some advantage will possibly be shown in this 4 case study in this part, translation of the dream of red mansions (also translated as the story of the stone) will be under investigation in light of translation samples to be quoted here will be selected at 5 conclusion based on the above elaboration of dts and the case study, possible conclusion will be on the advantage of dts in specific study of suggestions on further research efforts will be made (note: while the topic will remain the same, the above arrangement of contents is subject to change in the process of ) 0 000
可以写的 私信我
可以写的 私信我
标题摘要关键词正文
浅论基础英语教学中的文化教育 英语教学的本质是培养学生的跨文化交际能力。但是，我国英语教育长期以来着重语言形式的学习，较忽视文化因素在教学中的作用。 基础英语文化教学应遵循兴趣原则、相关性原则、循序渐进原则、实用性原则和适度性原则。实施基础文化教学应当完善基础英语教学大纲，加强基础英语文化教学的教材建设，改革考试形式和内容并在基础英语基础阶段开设英美文化选修课。 基础英语教学语言教育文化教育随着世界各国人民交往的日益密切，跨文化交际已成为一个重要的现实课题。英语因其广泛的国际认知度和易用性而担当了重要的国际交流中介语的角色。 我国关键的英语教育阶段体现在大学教育阶段，但在我国基础英语教学中，培养学生得体的英语跨文化交际能力的教育理念并未受到重视，学生的英语课程学习未涉及系统的英美文化背景、生活习俗和价值观念等与文化相关的知识，直接导致很多大学生的跨文化交际知识贫乏并碍于这种跨文化交际障碍，多存在交流焦虑心理，或是只能运用英语进行低效的交流和沟通。 基础英语教学中加强文化教育的意义基础英语教学的本质要求简而言之，英语教育本质上是培养学生的跨文化交际能力。语言表达能力是跨文化交际的基础，但成功的跨文化交际不仅要求学习者在发音、语法和词汇等纯语言因素方面训练有素，还要求学习者牢固地掌握英语的支持要素，即文化要素。 交际中存在的错误大致可区分为语言错误和文化错误，操本族语的人与外族人的交流时，一般能容忍外族人的语言错误和语法错误，而对于因文化背景差异所致的违反语言交流规则，通常被认为不够礼貌，严重时会导致文化障碍。只有在同时掌握英语运用能力和英语的语言文化背景，并了解这种背景与本国文化的异同，才能进行得体的跨文化交际。 因此，文化教学也是语言教学的重要组成部分，将英语文化背景知识导入教学内容之中，改变传统"纯语言"教学模式，不仅使英语教学深入到语言符号的使用上，更重要的是培养学生的英语文化意识和文化敏感性，使之进而发展成为一种跨文化交际能力的重要手段。 我国基础英语教学中文化教学的现状、我国基础英语教学中的文化教学存在的问题尽管我国英语教育理论界对语言与文化教育的研究取得了一定成就，但有些基础英语教师的教学观念依然存在偏误，单纯地认为英语教育就是教会学生记住单词、句型、语法等语言知识。 英语文化知识教育应该是文学欣赏课程的内容，学习外语的任务就是领悟和掌握语言系统成分的正确用法及实际应用语言的能力，忽视了语言的得体性和社会环境等重要因素在交际中所起的作用。 英语教学的本质是培养学生的跨文化交际能力。但是，我国英语教育长期以来着重语言形式的学习，较忽视文化因素在教学中的作用。基础英语文化教学应遵循兴趣原则、相关性原则、循序渐进原则、实用性原则和适度性原则。 实施基础文化教学应当完善基础英语教学大纲，加强基础英语文化教学的教材建设，改革考试形式和内容并在基础英语基础阶段开设英美文化选修课。 基础英语教学语言教育文化教育随着世界各国人民交往的日益密切，跨文化交际已成为一个重要的现实课题。英语因其广泛的国际认知度和易用性而担当了重要的国际交流中介语的角色。 我国关键的英语教育阶段体现在大学教育阶段，但在我国基础英语教学中，培养学生得体的英语跨文化交际能力的教育理念并未受到重视，学生的英语课程学习未涉及系统的英美文化背景、生活习俗和价值观念等与文化相关的知识，直接导致很多大学生的跨文化交际知识贫乏并碍于这种跨文化交际障碍，多存在交流焦虑心理，或是只能运用英语进行低效的交流和沟通。 基础英语教学中加强文化教育的意义基础英语教学的本质要求简而言之，英语教育本质上是培养学生的跨文化交际能力。 语言表达能力是跨文化交际的基础，但成功的跨文化交际不仅要求学习者在发音、语法和词汇等纯语言因素方面训练有素，还要求学习者牢固地掌握英语的支持要素，即文化要素。 交际中存在的错误大致可区分为语言错误和文化错误，操本族语的人与外族人的交流时，一般能容忍外族人的语言错误和语法错误，而对于因文化背景差异所致的违反语言交流规则，通常被认为不够礼貌，严重时会导致文化障碍。 只有在同时掌握英语运用能力和英语的语言文化背景，并了解这种背景与本国文化的异同，才能进行得体的跨文化交际。 因此，文化教学也是语言教学的重要组成部分，将英语文化背景知识导入教学内容之中，改变传统"纯语言"教学模式，不仅使英语教学深入到语言符号的使用上，更重要的是培养学生的英语文化意识和文化敏感性，使之进而发展成为一种跨文化交际能力的重要手段。 我国基础英语教学中文化教学的现状、我国基础英语教学中的文化教学存在的问题尽管我国英语教育理论界对语言与文化教育的研究取得了一定成就，但有些基础英语教师的教学观念依然存在偏误，单纯地认为英语教育就是教会学生记住单词、句型、语法等语言知识。来自:标准论文网,原文:
英语论文开题报告范文 function and application of descriptive translation studies 1 introduction the intention of this study is to explore possible advantages of descriptive translation studies as in its application in translation practice and translation since early 20th century, translation studies gradually broke away from the marginal status within other related disciplines and established itself as an empirical from then on, schools of thought have kept coming out and each claims its legitimacy for among these schools is descriptive translation studies (dts) dts approaches translation from an empirical translation is viewed to be a social activity having significant importance in the receiving culture and for the target therefore, translation is dealt with beyond the linguistic realization and language comparison, and is incorporated in social and cultural my attention was first directed to dts by its peculiar characteristic of observation, description and the subject is whatever happens in translation practice, from the determination of prospective function of translation to the process of translator’s choice of strategies, brainstorming and the revision, to the final product making appearance in the target the method of dts is basically the prescriptive tendency and the problem-solution pattern is translation phenomena are noted with accumulated data, some underlying truths about translation will come out which will prove to be instructive not only for theoretical probe but also for applied translation i will apply this descriptive method in the case study of this a convenient tool has been set up to conduct “norm” is operative at every stage of description and function, process and product and their relationship as well are skeletal structure of what constitute descriptive translation phenomena are accounted for with the help of the case taken in this thesis is the chinese classic the dream of red two english versions translated respectively by yang hsien-yi and david hawks are compared and observations are made in regard to their translation in this regard, my observations are limited to several aspects, i hope in-depth observation and explanation will done in light of 2 outline 1 development and major concepts of dts in this part i will describe holms’ basic map of dts and the relationship between function, process and i will also discuss some important concepts such as pseudo-translation, multiple translation, translationese, norm 2 methodolgy i will in this part discuss the methodology of dts before i apply the same to the case study in this thesis with emphasis to be placed on semiotic approach and the concept 3 dts in contrast to other theories a contrast study will be conducted here with the objective to find the difference of dts from other theories such as equivalence theory and the chinese xin da ya some advantage will possibly be shown in this 4 case study in this part, translation of the dream of red mansions (also translated as the story of the stone) will be under investigation in light of translation samples to be quoted here will be selected at 5 conclusion based on the above elaboration of dts and the case study, possible conclusion will be on the advantage of dts in specific study of suggestions on further research efforts will be made (note: while the topic will remain the same, the above arrangement of contents is subject to change in the process of ) 0 000
给你一些样本看看就知道了!! -273-html 星诺考试论坛提供的,相当的全,我作的论文就是参考这里的!!
你要是找国淘论文写作，就不会出现这种问题了好不好？1．题名规范 题名应简明、具体、确切，能概括论文的特定内容，有助于选定关键词，符合编制题录、索引和检索的有关原则。2．命题方式3．撰写 英文题名的注意事项 ①英文题名以短语为主要形式，尤以名词短语最常见，即题名基本上由一个或几个名词加上其前置和（或）后置定语构成；短语型题名要确定好中心词，再进行前后修饰。各个词的顺序很重要，词序不当，会导致表达不准。 ②一般不要用陈述句，因为题名主要起标示作用，而陈述句容易使题名具有判断式的语义，且不够精炼和醒目。少数情况（评述性、综述性和驳斥性）下可以用疑问句做题名，因为疑问句有探讨性语气，易引起读者兴趣。 ③同一篇论文的英文题名与中文题名内容上应一致，但不等于说词语要一一对应。在许多情况下，个别非实质性的词可以省略或变动。 ④国外科技期刊一般对题名字数有所限制，有的规定题名不超过2行，每行不超过42个印刷符号和空格；有的要求题名不超过14个词。这些规定可供我们参考 。 ⑤在论文的英文题名中。凡可用可不用的冠词均不用。
首先，用英语撰写，格式如下1）封面，2）任务书，3）开题报告, 4) 英文摘要及关键词(Abstract，Keywords)，5）目录（Outline），6）正文，7）注释（Notes）,8）参考文献（Bibliography）， 9) 致谢(Acknowledgement其他格式各学校规定不同，主要是格式的问题可以考虑写英美文化差异，但最好涉及到某以小的方面论文最忌讳大而全，要涉及到具体问题研究容易得好得成绩。
我会，找我
一、英语论文的标题 一篇较长的英语论文(如英语毕业论文)一般都需要标题页,其书写格式如下:第一行标题与打印纸顶端的距离约为打印纸全长的三分之一,与下行(通常为by,居中)的距离则为5cm,第三、第四行分别为作者姓名及日期(均居中)如果该篇英语论文是学生针对某门课程而写,则在作者姓名与日期之间还需分别打上教师学衔及其姓名(如:/prager)及本门课程的编号或名称(如:english 734或british novel)打印时,如无特殊要求,每一行均需double space,即隔行打印,行距约为6cm(论文其他部分行距同此) 就学生而言,如果英语论文篇幅较短,亦可不做标题页(及提纲页),而将标题页的内容打在正文第一页的左上方第一行为作者姓名,与打印纸顶端距离约为5cm,以下各行依次为教师学衔和姓、课程编号(或名称)及日期;各行左边上下对齐,并留出5cm左右的页边空白(下同)接下来便是论文标题及正文(日期与标题之间及标题与正文第一行之间只需隔行打印,不必留出更多空白) 二、英语论文提纲 英语论文提纲页包括论题句及提纲本身,其规范格式如下:先在第一行(与打印纸顶端的距离仍为5cm左右)的始端打上 thesis 一词及冒号,空一格后再打论题句,回行时左边须与论题句的第一个字母上下对齐主要纲目以大写罗马数字标出,次要纲目则依次用大写英文字母、阿拉伯数字和小写英文字母标出各数字或字母后均为一句点,空出一格后再打该项内容的第一个字母;处于同一等级的纲目,其上下行左边必须对齐需要注意的是,同等重要的纲目必须是两个以上,即:有ⅰ应有ⅱ,有a应有b,以此类推如果英文论文提纲较长,需两页纸,则第二页须在右上角用小写罗马数字标出页码,即ii(第一页无需标页码) 三、英语论文正文 有标题页和提纲页的英语论文,其正文第一页的规范格式为:论文标题居中,其位置距打印纸顶端约5cm,距正文第一行约段首字母须缩进五格,即从第六格打起正文第一页不必标页码(但应计算其页数),自第二页起,必须在每页的右上角(即空出第一行,在其后部)打上论文作者的姓,空一格后再用阿拉伯数字标出页码;阿拉伯数字(或其最后一位)应为该行的最后一个空格在打印正文时尚需注意标点符号的打印格式,即:句末号(句号、问号及感叹号)后应空两格,其他标点符号后则空一格 四、英语论文的文中引述 正确引用作品原文或专家、学者的论述是写好英语论文的重要环节;既要注意引述与论文的有机统一,即其逻辑性,又要注意引述格式 (即英语论文参考文献)的规范性引述别人的观点,可以直接引用,也可以间接引用无论采用何种方式,论文作者必须注明所引文字的作者和出处目前美国学术界通行的做法是在引文后以圆括弧形式注明引文作者及出处现针对文中引述的不同情况,将部分规范格式分述如下 五、英文参考文献格式 单一作者著作的书籍: 姓,名字首字母(年) 书名(斜体) 出版社所在城市:出版社 Sheril, R D (1956) The terrifying future: Contemplating color San Diego: H 两位作者以上合著的书籍: 姓,名字首字母, & 姓,名字首字母(年) 书名(斜体) 出版社所在城市:出版社 Smith, J, & Peter, Q (1992) Hairball: An intensive peek behind the surface of an Hamilton, ON: McMaster University P 文集中的文章: Mcdonalds, A (1993) Practical methods for the apprehension and sustained containment of supernatural In G L Yeager (E), Paranormal and occult studies: Case studies in application ( 42–64) London: OtherWorld B 期刊中的文章(非连续页码): Crackton, P (1987) The Loonie: God's long-awaited gift to colourful pocket change? Canadian Change, 64(7), 34– 期刊中的文章(连续页码): 姓,名字首字母(年) 题目 期刊名(斜体) 第几期,页码 Rottweiler, F T, & Beauchemin, J L (1987) Detroit and Narnia: Two foes on the brink of Canadian/American Studies Journal, 54, 66– 月刊杂志中的文章: Henry, W A, III (1990, April 9) Making the grade in today's Time, 135, 28- (学术堂提供更多论文知识)
你要是找国淘论文写作，就不会出现这种问题了好不好？1．题名规范 题名应简明、具体、确切，能概括论文的特定内容，有助于选定关键词，符合编制题录、索引和检索的有关原则。2．命题方式3．撰写 英文题名的注意事项 ①英文题名以短语为主要形式，尤以名词短语最常见，即题名基本上由一个或几个名词加上其前置和（或）后置定语构成；短语型题名要确定好中心词，再进行前后修饰。各个词的顺序很重要，词序不当，会导致表达不准。 ②一般不要用陈述句，因为题名主要起标示作用，而陈述句容易使题名具有判断式的语义，且不够精炼和醒目。少数情况（评述性、综述性和驳斥性）下可以用疑问句做题名，因为疑问句有探讨性语气，易引起读者兴趣。 ③同一篇论文的英文题名与中文题名内容上应一致，但不等于说词语要一一对应。在许多情况下，个别非实质性的词可以省略或变动。 ④国外科技期刊一般对题名字数有所限制，有的规定题名不超过2行，每行不超过42个印刷符号和空格；有的要求题名不超过14个词。这些规定可供我们参考 。 ⑤在论文的英文题名中。凡可用可不用的冠词均不用。
可以写的 私信我
可以写的 私信我
不会，我可以
一、英语论文的标题 一篇较长的英语论文(如英语毕业论文)一般都需要标题页,其书写格式如下:第一行标题与打印纸顶端的距离约为打印纸全长的三分之一,与下行(通常为by,居中)的距离则为5cm,第三、第四行分别为作者姓名及日期(均居中)如果该篇英语论文是学生针对某门课程而写,则在作者姓名与日期之间还需分别打上教师学衔及其姓名(如:/prager)及本门课程的编号或名称(如:english 734或british novel)打印时,如无特殊要求,每一行均需double space,即隔行打印,行距约为6cm(论文其他部分行距同此) 就学生而言,如果英语论文篇幅较短,亦可不做标题页(及提纲页),而将标题页的内容打在正文第一页的左上方第一行为作者姓名,与打印纸顶端距离约为5cm,以下各行依次为教师学衔和姓、课程编号(或名称)及日期;各行左边上下对齐,并留出5cm左右的页边空白(下同)接下来便是论文标题及正文(日期与标题之间及标题与正文第一行之间只需隔行打印,不必留出更多空白) 二、英语论文提纲 英语论文提纲页包括论题句及提纲本身,其规范格式如下:先在第一行(与打印纸顶端的距离仍为5cm左右)的始端打上 thesis 一词及冒号,空一格后再打论题句,回行时左边须与论题句的第一个字母上下对齐主要纲目以大写罗马数字标出,次要纲目则依次用大写英文字母、阿拉伯数字和小写英文字母标出各数字或字母后均为一句点,空出一格后再打该项内容的第一个字母;处于同一等级的纲目,其上下行左边必须对齐需要注意的是,同等重要的纲目必须是两个以上,即:有ⅰ应有ⅱ,有a应有b,以此类推如果英文论文提纲较长,需两页纸,则第二页须在右上角用小写罗马数字标出页码,即ii(第一页无需标页码) 三、英语论文正文 有标题页和提纲页的英语论文,其正文第一页的规范格式为:论文标题居中,其位置距打印纸顶端约5cm,距正文第一行约段首字母须缩进五格,即从第六格打起正文第一页不必标页码(但应计算其页数),自第二页起,必须在每页的右上角(即空出第一行,在其后部)打上论文作者的姓,空一格后再用阿拉伯数字标出页码;阿拉伯数字(或其最后一位)应为该行的最后一个空格在打印正文时尚需注意标点符号的打印格式,即:句末号(句号、问号及感叹号)后应空两格,其他标点符号后则空一格 四、英语论文的文中引述 正确引用作品原文或专家、学者的论述是写好英语论文的重要环节;既要注意引述与论文的有机统一,即其逻辑性,又要注意引述格式 (即英语论文参考文献)的规范性引述别人的观点,可以直接引用,也可以间接引用无论采用何种方式,论文作者必须注明所引文字的作者和出处目前美国学术界通行的做法是在引文后以圆括弧形式注明引文作者及出处现针对文中引述的不同情况,将部分规范格式分述如下 五、英文参考文献格式 单一作者著作的书籍: 姓,名字首字母(年) 书名(斜体) 出版社所在城市:出版社 Sheril, R D (1956) The terrifying future: Contemplating color San Diego: H 两位作者以上合著的书籍: 姓,名字首字母, & 姓,名字首字母(年) 书名(斜体) 出版社所在城市:出版社 Smith, J, & Peter, Q (1992) Hairball: An intensive peek behind the surface of an Hamilton, ON: McMaster University P 文集中的文章: Mcdonalds, A (1993) Practical methods for the apprehension and sustained containment of supernatural In G L Yeager (E), Paranormal and occult studies: Case studies in application ( 42–64) London: OtherWorld B 期刊中的文章(非连续页码): Crackton, P (1987) The Loonie: God's long-awaited gift to colourful pocket change? Canadian Change, 64(7), 34– 期刊中的文章(连续页码): 姓,名字首字母(年) 题目 期刊名(斜体) 第几期,页码 Rottweiler, F T, & Beauchemin, J L (1987) Detroit and Narnia: Two foes on the brink of Canadian/American Studies Journal, 54, 66– 月刊杂志中的文章: Henry, W A, III (1990, April 9) Making the grade in today's Time, 135, 28- (学术堂提供更多论文知识)
在Word里面有template的，theses就是了。