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From 9188 emergency occurrences, after puppet Manchuria regime establishes, Northeast falls into hand of the J Japan to Northeast area's plundering has been a hot topic which east Beishi In many about the puppet Manchukuo government time east in Beishi's research subject, Northeast's electric power industrial history research were still blank, never some people step in this Therefore, the Northeast area puppet Manchukuo government time's electric power industry research may say that is the Japanese aggression history research new breakthrough the this article author utilizes the system analytic method as well as the measurement research technique, through carries on to the historical evidence logical relation combs, simultaneously carries on the analysis to the correlation data, by the time more accurate return to original state history, enables the reader really to have one to this time Northeast electric power industry, the accurate impression, and induces certain experience, supplies the social development to use the full text is divided four The first part elaborated 9188 emergency former Northeast area electric power development survey; The second part introduced Manchu electrical industry joint-stock company's creation and the structure and the operation in detail; The third part was was established after Man Dian has made the concrete elaboration to the Northeast electric power industry monopoly management; The fourth part has analyzed Man Dian the influence which and the practical significance creates to Northeast's management, and put forward the concrete proposal and the
Since 9 • 18 Incident, after the establishment of Manchukuo, the Northeast fell into Japanese Northeast Japan Northeast History of looting has been a hot Manchukuo period of the Northeast in various research topics in history, the history of the Northeast Electric Power Industry is still blank, never been involved in this Therefore, the northeast region of Manchukuo during the power industry can be said that the history of Japanese aggression, the new entry This author studies the use of system analysis and the measurement method, by the logic of facts to sort out, while the data analysis related to the reduction of a more accurate history, so readers of this period the Northeast power industry has a more true, accurate impression, and it might sort out some lessons to be used for social development Full-text is divided into four The first part elaborates 9 • 18 Incident overview of Northeast Electric Power Development; the second part describes in detail the formation of Manchukuo Electrical C, L and its structure and operation; The third part is the full establishment of the Northeast Electric Power Industry The monopoly has done a detailed exposition; fourth part of the full power of the northeast business impact and relevance, and put forward concrete proposals and
Since Manchurian Incident took place and fake Manchukuo been built,northeast of china drop into Japanese he plunder of the northeast area of china is a hotspot issue in the local history In many research tasks about the history of fake Manchukuo ,the electric power industry in northeasten area is still unknown,no one set foot in this hence,the research of the electric power industry during the period of fake Manchukuo is a new cut-in point of the research in Japanese aggression he writer of this article use the measures of system analysis and computation research,through teasing the logic relations of the historical facts,meanwhile analysing relative datum to recover relatively clear history so as to give readers a real and exact picture of the northeasten electric power industry in this And writer conclude some valuable experiense to be used for reference in the society The whole text can be devided into four part one demonstrates the general situation of the development of the northeasten electric power industry before the Manchurian Incident taken part two introduce particularly on the construction and run of the Manchukuo electric power part three makes a material description of the monopolization after it was set to the northeasten electric power part four analyses the influence and real significance the Manchukuo eletricity had made on the management in northeasten area and put forward idiographic opinions and advices
我在学姐的推荐下找到了翻译狗，他最大的优点就是PDF可以直接进行翻译，而且翻译出来的排版和原来的英文排版一致，无需排版方便校对，缺点就是大量翻译要收费，而且语法会有一些问题，后期需要修改，也可以直接找北京译顶科技翻译，人工肯定是比机翻好。
Since the 90s of the 20th century, the economy in the information technology wave driven by information in various sectors have made rapid For service-oriented small and medium enterprises, compared to manual bookkeeping methods, using computers daily affairs in a more comprehensive and more intuitive understanding of business development at the same time must be based on the characteristics of service enterprises, design a set for their own needs management software, so can the development of enterprises The system is based on the characteristics of service-oriented small and medium enterprises and daily management needs and design, and its development tools as visual basic 0, the database system access 2000, friendly interface and easy to After entering the system, enter the user password that can access the main interface to The system consists of customer management, group setting, customer inquiries, group query, user management, and exit the other menu; general customer information, users can add, modify, delete, refresh, save and other functions; in group settings can set the group name, number, manager, phone, functions and notes and other information at the same time to complete the new, save and delete functions; customer query function can have a query customer information entered into the query interface later, you can two ways by number and name check customer information, customer information when the system is preserved, it will appear in the query interface prompts the customer's information and customer number where the location information when the customer does not exist when there is not any Also for the general user, you can also use the administrator account for general users to add, delete, query and other It features a simple, practical, thoughtful; to meet the services of small and medium enterprises of different basic The need for different customers, the customer into the fact that customers, intention, interest, potential customers, and the like, so the case can be made for different solutions in different While for service firms may have several different products available, set group management, users of different products of different management, customer use of the system can clearly understand the progress of sales sales, sales performance customer maintenance, the enterprise current state of And at different times, different types of customer demand conditions, according to customer demand in different periods, the introduction of a targeted strategy for different This would cost the least in the case, the rapid response, flexible to adjust，希望有帮助哦，你可以去百度上搜下上海共明翻译，毕竟专业公司译文精准度很高的，希望对你有帮助哦。
Since the 90s of the 20th century, the economy in the information technology wave driven by information in various sectors have made rapid For service-oriented small and medium enterprises, compared to manual bookkeeping methods, using computers daily affairs in a more comprehensive and more intuitive understanding of business development at the same time must be based on the characteristics of service enterprises, design a set for their own needs management software, so can the development of enterprises The system is based on the characteristics of service-oriented small and medium enterprises and the daily management needs of design, and its development tools for the visual basic 0, the database system access 2000, friendly interface and easy to After entering the system, enter the user password that can access the main interface to The system consists of customer management, group setting, customer inquiries, group query, user management, and exit the other menu; general customer information, users can add, modify, delete, refresh, save and other functions; in group settings can set the group name, number, manager, phone, functions and notes and other information at the same time to complete the new, save and delete functions; customer query function can have a query customer information entered into after the query interface, you can two ways by number and name check customer information, customer information when the system is preserved, it will appear in the query interface prompts the customer's information and customer number where the location information when the customer does not exist when there is not any Also for the general user, you can also use the administrator account for general users to add, delete, query and other It features a simple, practical, thoughtful; to meet the service of small and medium enterprises of different basic The need for different customers, the customer into the fact that customers, intention, interest, potential customers, and the like, so the case can be made for different solutions in different While for service firms may have several different products available, set group management, users of different products of different management, customer use of the system can clearly understand the progress of sales sales, sales performance customer maintenance, the enterprise current state of And at different times, different types of customer demand conditions, according to customer demand in different periods, the introduction of a targeted strategy for different This would cost the least in the case, the rapid response, flexible to adjust
进入20世纪90年代以来，在信息化经济浪潮的推动下，各个行业的信息化取得了快速的发展。对于服务型的中小型企业来说，对比手工记账方式，采用计算机处理日常事务，能够更全面和更直观的了解企业发展状况，同时必须根据服务型企业的特点，设计一套适合其自身需要的管理软件，这样能够为企业的发展插上腾飞的翅膀。翻译：Since the 90s of the 20th century, the economy in the information technology wave driven by information in various sectors have made rapid For service-oriented small and medium enterprises, compared to manual bookkeeping methods, using computers daily affairs in a more comprehensive and more intuitive understanding of business development at the same time must be based on the characteristics of service enterprises, design a set for their own needs management software, so can the development of enterprises 这套系统是根据服务型中小型企业的特点和日常管理需要而设计的，它的开发工具为visual basic 0，数据库系统为access 2000，系统界面友好易于操作。进入系统以后，输入用户登录密码即可以进入主界面进行操作。系统主要分为客户管理，群组设置，客户查询，群组查询，用户管理、退出等菜单；一般的用户可以对客户信息进行添加、修改、删除、刷新、保存等功能；在群组设置中可以设置群组的名称、人数、管理员、电话、职能和备注等信息，同时可以完成新建、保存和删除等功能；客户查询功能可以对已经输入的客户信息进行查询，进入查询界面以后，可以通过编号和姓名两种方式查询客户信息，当系统保存有客户信息时，会在查询界面出现客户的信息并提示出客户所在的编号位置，当不存在该客户信息时就不出现任何信息。同时针对一般的用户，还可以使用管理员账号对一般用户进行添加、删除、查询等操作。翻译：The system is based on the characteristics of service-oriented small and medium enterprises and the daily management needs of design, and its development tools for the visual basic 0, the database system access 2000, friendly interface and easy to After entering the system, enter the user password that can access the main interface to The system consists of customer management, group setting, customer inquiries, group query, user management, and exit the other menu; general customer information, users can add, modify, delete, refresh, save and other functions; in group settings can set the group name, number, manager, phone, functions and notes and other information at the same time to complete the new, save and delete functions; customer query function can have a query customer information entered into after the query interface, you can two ways by number and name check customer information, customer information when the system is preserved, it will appear in the query interface prompts the customer's information and customer number where the location information when the customer does not exist when there is not any Also for the general user, you can also use the administrator account for general users to add, delete, query and other 它的特性是简单、实用，考虑周到；能满足不同中小型的服务型企业的基本需要。在对于不同的客户需要时，将客户分为事实客户、意向客户、感兴趣、潜在客户等类，这样可以针对不同的情况做出不同的解决方式。同时针对服务型企业可能有几种不同产品的情况，设置群组管理，对不同产品的用户进行不同的管理，客户运用该系统可以很清楚的了解到，销售人员的销售进度，销售的业绩客户的维护情况，企业目前的发展状况。以及在不同时期，不同类型的客户需求状态，可以根据不同时期的不同客户需求，有针对性的推出不同的产品策略。这样就能在花费最小的情况下，快速反应，灵活机动的做出调整翻译：It features a simple, practical, thoughtful; to meet the service of small and medium enterprises of different basic The need for different customers, the customer into the fact that customers, intention, interest, potential customers, and the like, so the case can be made for different solutions in different While for service firms may have several different products available, set group management, users of different products of different management, customer use of the system can clearly understand the progress of sales sales, sales performance customer maintenance, the enterprise current state of And at different times, different types of customer demand conditions, according to customer demand in different periods, the introduction of a targeted strategy for different This would cost the le
WORD里一般语法出错的句子都会出现一条绿线，仔细检查后，逐句改，直到绿线消失。只要一个句子主谓宾没错，其他的修饰词就没太大问题。所以注意文章的谓语。
标注第几章，关于什么内容就可以了，
是的，必须要标注引用来源。从他处复制过来的文字必须要使用引号引用需注明页码如果您要投稿的话，查看期刊给作者的要求中关于“引用风格”的相关规定，将引用的格式根据期刊的要求调整 引用资料：正确的引用文献：引用来源为书籍时该如何处理？（中文为网址的一部分，请完全复制）
其实呢，润色公司其实就那么几个选的。能给你建议是需要注意的几点，第一是不要用本地的公司，资源普遍差一些，也基本不是母语润色。而且编辑证明，SCI刊得认才行。不知道名字的小公司开的有啥用？第二是不用选期刊集团的润色，因为对你的期刊发表并没有帮助而且还更贵。也不是瞎说的。我之前一个师兄用其中一家的翻译，然后给另外一家润色公司润色发现还要重新翻译。关键他们也不是真的在意这部分业务（我有师妹就在期刊里任职，他们就不是自己做这个业务的）。第三就我接触过做母语润色的公司，你还可以选理文，英论阁，Letpub和意得辑。意得辑以前用的也不少，客服还算认真，最近涨了点价好像。服务质量感觉差不多。理文有段时间质量好些下滑，（同事说的）现在不知道如何了。还有个AJE，听说也可以，没有怎么接触过。第四，选有本地运营团队的可能遇到事情了，解决起来更方便一些。总之，个人觉得这些里面能保证给你修好修完，售后完善并且你的经验判断不会跑路就差不多。如果你有团队，也可以找他们聊聊合作优惠之类的。
有道词典
论文翻译软件比较多，比如百度、谷歌、有道等等，软件其实大同小异吧。
可以使用Google翻译,但是这种翻译准确度取决于句式 结构简单的句子准确度高一些 翻译之后,还是需要通篇检查,并将对应的术语\否定\疑问等句子仔细检查,并校对,确保译出语与原文保持同样的意思
1、全文翻译 按照PDF的原始排版模式进行翻译，翻译成中文后可以另存为PDF。缺点是它是按行翻译的，段落内的语义联系欠佳，有些地方翻译不够准确。2、正文翻译 通过算法，从PDF文件中提取出正文（Introduction和Reference之间的内容），按照段落翻译，虽然没有排版了，但翻译更准确了。中文翻译结果也可以另存为PDF。3、段落翻译 翻译用户手工选中的段落，翻译准确度最高，接近人类手工翻译。4、单词翻译 有词义、常用词组、词形变化、发音、同义词、反义词等。英文写作应该是让万千人头疼的一件事情。和中文一样，写完文章都要检查一下有没有错别字和语句不通顺的地方，不同的是，检查非母语写作中的错误会困难得多。这时你可能会想起 Word 的拼写检查，但稍微难的错误它就已经没法发现了。当你写长文，尤其是论文写到头昏脑胀的时候，如果没有工具协助检查，在几千字的文章里面，你可能很难快速地发现错误，这时一款顺手的语法检查应用可以帮你迅速脱离原始人般的纠错过程。GrammarlyGrammarly是于2009年发布，当前使用最普遍和准确的英语语法检查（grammar checker）、拼写、校对（proofreading）检查和抄袭（plagiarism）检测软件工具，其中Grammarly校对检查超过250条语法规则。而且无论使用什么方式写作-社交媒体、电子邮件、Microsoft Word等等，Grammarly都能对整个英文写作过程提供实时检查。对于查出来的拼写和语法错误，Grammarly用highlight红色、黄色下划线标识出来，然后将鼠标悬停在指定的单词或短语上，可以直接修改错误或了解该处错误的详细说明。Grammarly用其自有算法来标记文本中的各种潜在问题，同时根据上下文给出各种错误的自动修改建议，其人工智能有效的提高了文字沟通。除了检查上下文拼写错误、不规则动词错误之外，还包括常见的语法错误，例如主语 动词使用以及修饰符放置。同时，Grammarly还提供同义词建议，使写作更具可读性和精确性。Grammarly可以我们放心地进行英文写作。目前，超过1000万全球用户正在使用此工具来修复其社交媒体帖子、电子邮件和文章。此外，它还通过识别和纠正上下文错误来增加英文词汇量，该工具有助于改善写作风格，使书面文字更具吸引力和有效性。1、检查英文语法Grammarly最首要的功能就是检查英文语法，例如，不规则动词错误，以及常见的语法错误：主语 、谓语的应用，正确的动词时态、修饰符的位置等。Grammarly还提供同义词建议，使写作更具可读性和精确性。2、英语单词拼写错误检查英语单词出现拼写错误，这是写作者最常出现的问题，也是最基本的问题。不管你的英语文写作水平如何，这个错误是最不应该出现的，在这方面，Grammarly是一个强大的拼写检查工具，要比Microsoft Word中内置的拼写检查更全面。3、英文内容剽窃检查网络与现实世界抄袭、剽窃现象，比比皆是。谁也不想自己辛辛苦苦的写作成为别人不劳而获的成果。Grammarly在这方面的Plagiarism检查功能也很不错，可以将文本与网络上的数十亿页面进行比对，这有两个方面：一是，别人是否抄袭了你的内容；二是，你的写作内容是否也同样存在抄袭。4、英文写作风格检查Grammarly还会检查文章是否存在写作风格中的任何错误，其中包括使用被动时态等，这样有助于避免词语和句子的重复和冗长，以便可以根据特定受众调整自己的英文写作风格。5、句子结构检查在英文写作时，因为中英文语言、甚至思维模式的差异，很难形成正确的英语句子结构。虽然有时候别人能大致看明白你想说什么意思，但是句子结构、语法是错误的，这样会非常不严谨，Grammarly可以有效地解决这个问题。6、标点符号检查Grammarly帮助你在完美的地方给出正确的标点符号，这样文章给读者看起来很专业的样子。
不要什么格式，前面写Abstract：然后是摘要的内容。后面要列出文中主要的关键词，关键词是Key Words：如Research；Fiber（光纤）；用分号分开Abstract:This article describes ……。或The research on……is presented。Key words：……；……；
在2010版的word内就有这个功能。（选中要翻译的文字，点击鼠标右键弹出任务栏中就有“翻译”选项，点击“翻译”，选择英文翻译，再把光标置于要插入文本点点击插入就ok啦。另外还可以下载翻译小工具，直接进行翻译就搞定了。
只要翻译摘要部分，就是中文摘要后面再有一个英文摘要，可以谷歌在线翻译，不过翻译完了一定要重新修改，因为语法翻译的挺烂的
不说软件，就说人翻的。非生物类专业的让tb翻译，太坑了，后面找的北京译顶科技才搞定，一分钱一分货。