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风险可分为四类，相应处理方法也有四类，保险只是其中的一种：机率大损失大的风险，采用风险回避的方式机率大损失小的风险，采用风险控制的方式机率小损失大的风险，采用风险转移的方式（即保险）机率小损失小的风险，采用风险自留的方式希望这对你写论文有帮助。
Analysis of the Current Situation and China's Insurance Fraud Prevention An overview of insurance fraud 1 The meaning of Insurance Fraud Insurance fraud, including two aspects: on the one hand, the insured party's insurance fraud and insurance side of insurance Unilateral non-compliance with the insured in good faith, intentionally concealed the true subject of the insurance situation, induces insurers underwriting, or use the contents of the insurance contract, intentional manufacture or fabrication of insured damage caused by the insurance company to obtain insurance payments for payment, an insurance party fraud; on the other hand, insurance companies, employees and agents of the business and claims for self-serving, or to obtain more business fees or payments to the insurance payments income pockets, while the induction of cheating policyholders and the insured person is an insurance 2 Characteristics of insurance fraud Extremely subtle First of all, the insurance contract as insurance fraud by a party or related person, and the insurers of insurance existed between the legal contractual relationship, so the insurance fraud is often overshadowed by legitimate insurance contracts is difficult to arouse suspicion of the public and the insurer ; Second, the insurance business objects related to all areas of social and economic life insurance policyholders who are not on every detail of the investigation; again, insurance fraud and to implement the insurance fraud is most Not only within the validity period of the contract in the implementation of the insurance fraud, insurance contract entered into before and can be implemented when Fraud is fraud, because after a long period of meticulous person and careful planning, insurance, even if found, it is difficult to gather evidence relating to insurance A serious social crisis of Insurance fraud is not only violating the legitimate rights and interests of the insurer, but also the entire community property, serious assault, more importantly, the safety of others also constitutes a grave In life insurance, some policyholders, the beneficiaries, to seek huge insurance, risked, intentionally killed the insured, causing great harm to To this end, the provisions of national laws except those of civil insurance fraud, but also provides for criminal liability of the insurance 3 The manifestation of insurance fraud Insurance fraud in different forms, according to the specific situation of insurance fraud, which can be summarized as follows: Create a false impression, the loss of "conversion" as the insured losses This is the most common form of an insurance Primarily when the insured property does not participate in after suffering the loss, fraud, often trying to be "transformed" as the insurance targets, and to provide false evidence for the claim to the If someone's a "Dongfeng" brand trucks are not insured, but after the accident to shift into another one of its insured's motor vehicle license, and put on the expansion issue of spraying a car license plate, attempting to achieve real ones, grafting of In addition, the subject matter when the insured losses caused by the exclusion, the insured person to provide false evidence will usually try to transform them into place within the insurance loss insurance Excess insurance Insurance is the insurance policy holders over the insurance amount is higher than the actual value of the subject matter insured, occurs mainly in the property Because in life insurance, the person's life and his body is not measured by money and there is no excess Use of excess insurance policyholders in the form of fraud is mainly exaggerated the actual value of the insurance subject to a number of others as their own property, the property insured, or falsely claimed custody of a person entrusted with some valuables, and provide false evidence and proof to the insurance when the accident occurred, the subject matter insured for more than the actual value of insurance Repeat Insurance Duplicate insurance is the insurance the insurer on the same subject matter, the same insurance benefits, the same insured separately to two or more insurers to enter into insurance contracts of China's "Insurance Law" Article 40 does not prohibit double insurance, but requires repeated insurance insurance policyholders should be repeated to inform the insurer of the situation, and clearly defined, double insurance totaling more than the insured value, the insurer total amount of compensation shall not exceed the insured In addition to the insurance contract provides otherwise, the insurer and the insured amount in accordance with its proportion of the total amount of insurance As those who are deliberate fraud, the insurer on the situation of double insurance hard to find, it's fraud, fraud, higher rate of It should be noted that some duplication of insurance, the insured is not the result of intentional, but because of the insurance policy holders do not understand or to find the so-called "more insurance", "double insurance" caused, which should be treated Questions added: False or exaggerated loss Loss is forged within the period of insurance, insurance, accident did not happen, however, the insured or beneficiary has deliberately fabricated false in many accidents, so that insurers believe the insurance accident has occurred, in order to gain insurance If any motor insurance policy holders, after secretly selling lied car stolen car, ask the insurer for Exaggerated loss refers to the insured property after the accident, the insured forgery, falsifying losses in an attempt to take advantage of a large The insured's false testimony in two main forms: first, through the relationship by issuing false certificates for the If an owner of the insured motor vehicle insurance, car accident, resulting in vehicle damage repair in the repair shop sent, through the relationship need not have the replacement part has to be replaced, expanded the scope of repair, increase the amount of Second, due to the insured himself to be altered the document, enhance the amount of This form of fraud more poor, easily found the insured, so clever fraud are generally rarely Forgery insurance and escape from danger time Insurer in the insurance period only because the subject matter insured caused insured losses of Some of the insured or the insured to defraud insurance, often taking time to counterfeit insurance and means of escape from If a taxi driver in his cab the day after the expiry of dangerous condition of the insurance, the insurance in order to obtain compensation, through the relationship, so that traffic police team award in the accident to happen in real time, two days in
论保险法最大诚信原则摘要：诚信就是诚实、守信，诚信是保险的生命线。从我国保险业经营的现状来看，众多现实让人觉得保险诚信不容乐观，如被保险人不如实告知或赔，保险人在经营与理赔方面的不诚信等行为，在一定程度上影响了我国保险业健康发展。本文拟从最大诚信原则的概念和保险法将其规定为基本原则的原因、内容、在保险法中的体现、诚信缺失现象及立法思考等方面进行一些探讨：关键词：保险最大诚信原则如实告知保证说明弃权与禁止反言体现保险监管一、最大诚信原则的概念和保险法将其规定为基本原则的原因最大诚信原则作为现代保险法的四大基本原则之一，最早起源于海上保险。在早期的海上保险中，投保人投保时作为保险标的的船舶或者货物经常已在海上或在其他港口，真实情况如何，在当时的条件下，只能依赖于投保人的告知；保险人根据投保人的告知决定是否承保及估算保险风险、确定保险费率。因此投保人或被保险人告知的真实性对保险人来说有重大的影响，诚信原则对保险合同当事人的要求较一般的民事合同要求就更高、更具体，即要遵守最大诚信原则。该原则在《英国1906年海上保险法》中首先得到确定，该法第17条规定：“海上保险是建立在最大诚信原则基础上的契约，如果任何一方不遵守最大诚信原则，他方可以宣告契约无效。”（一）最大诚信原则的内涵保险合同是建立在诚实信用基础上的一种射幸合同，诚实信用是评价保险合同效力的基础，对保险合同有着非常重要的作用，对于诚实信用原则的内涵我国学者有着不同的观点，比较有代表性的有：第一，“语义说”。其认为，诚实信用原则是对民事活动的参加者不进行任何欺诈、恪守信用的要求；①第二，“一般条款说”。其认为，诚实信用原则是外延不十分确定，但是具有强制性效力的一般条款；②第三，“立法者意志说”。其主张，诚实信用原则就是要求民事主体在民事活动中维持双方的利益平衡及当事人利益、社会利益平衡的立法者的意志，就是立法者实现上述三方利益平衡的要求；③第四，“双重功能说”。其主张，诚实信用原则由于将道德规范与法律规范合为一体，兼有法律调节和道德调节的双重功能，使法律条文具有极大的弹性，法院因而享有较大的裁量权，能够据以排除当事人的意思自治而直接调整当事人之间的权利义务关系；④第五，“层次构成说”。其主张诚实信用原则应从立法目的、规范内容和司法意义三个层面来进行分析；⑤第六，我国台湾学者史尚宽先生认为，诚实信用原则具有以下几个方面的含义：一是，有“信”的因素，即法律关系的一面，顾及他方利益，衡量对方对自己的一方有何期待，并使其正当期待不致落空；二是，含有“诚的因素”，“诚”即“成”，包括成己成人，成其事务；三是，遵从交易习惯之意，但不包括不利于当事人正当期待之保护的交易习惯。⑥综上所述，我们认为保险法中的最大诚信原则是指：保险合同双方当事人在订立及履行保险合同的过程中，必须以最大的诚信全面而完整地履行自己应尽的义务，互不欺和隐瞒有关保险标的的重要情况，严格遵守保险合同的约定和承诺。（二）诚信原则作为保险法基本原则的原因《中华人民共和国保险法》（以下简称《保险法》）第5条规定：“保险活动当事人行使权利，履行义务应当遵循诚实信用原则。”这是由保险合同的特殊性决定的，保险活动之所以强调最大诚信原则，其原因有：第一，保险合同是射幸合同，具有不确定性。所谓射幸合同，即当事人全体或其中的一人取决于不确定的事件，对财产取得利益或遭受损失的一种相互的协议。⑦对于射幸合同，保险人决定是否承保及如何确定保险费率，全依赖于对保险标的的客观判断，只有当合同约定的风险事故发生时，作为保险合同一方的保险人才需要根据保险合同约定承担给付保险金的责任；然而作为保险风险的大小发生与否与当事人密切相关，对保险人而言，如果风险不发生，则无需支付保险金。因此，保险合同与一般的经济合同中风险由当事人自己承担有着本质的区别。现代保险的经营是依据“大数法则”为基础开展的，在“大数法则”下，保险人所缴纳的保险费构成用于承担保险风险的保险基金；这个保险基金是每个被保险人所共有的，每个被保险人的利益是一致的，这个基金如同公共财产一样，虽然利益是全体社会成员的，但是任何一个人都不能随意去占有、使用、收益和处分，也不允许任何人随意的破坏；同样，任何一个被保险人的恶意行为所导致向保险人提出索赔的损害，其实质不是损害保险人的利益，而是通过破坏保险基金的稳定，直接影响了每一个被保险人的利益。故保险合同双方都必须遵循最大诚信原则，严格履行保险合同。第二，保险合同与一般合同相比具有明显的信息不对称性。一方面，保险合同的标的是被保险人的标的或者人身将来可能发生的危险，属于不确定的状态，保险人之所以能够承保处于不确定的危险，是基于其对危险发生程度的估计和计算。由于投保前后，保险标的均在被保险人控制之下，被保险人对保险标的的危险状况最为清楚，而保险人作为危险的承担者却很难全面了解保险标的的具体状况；另一方面，由于保险合同条款是专业人士拟定的，其内容往往很复杂并包括诸多保险专业术语，一般人对保险合同的内容，特别是涉及专业性和技术性问题的条款很难准确理解，因此，如果没有对投保人和保险人最大诚信的要求，保险人以及投保人或者被保险人因受利益的驱动而可能发生的逆选择将大大增加，从而危及到保险行业的正常发展。第三，从保险的行业特性来看，保险离不开最大诚信原则。保险在国民经济中占有十分重要的作用，被誉为社会的稳定器。保险经营的特征表现为：其一，保险费收取的分散性，保险运作的原理就是各个投保人通过向保险人缴纳一定的保险费从而形成一定的保险基金，由保险人来承担被保险人可能出现的风险；投保人越多，收取的保险费越多，保险基金越大，保险经营越安全，保险分摊也就越合理，从而保险人盈利的可能性就越大。这些要求保险人坚持最大诚信原则，以吸引更多的投保人投保；其二，保险经营的安全性。稳健经营是对保险行业的特别要求，我国对保险资金的投资渠道也有明确的限制，这也符合投保人的利益；其三保险资金的负债性。保险资金属于保险人对被保险人的负债，保险人不得将保险资金作为盈利分配，也不得作为利润上缴，只能充分利用确保增值，因此保险业的健康发展离不开最大诚信原则。综上所述，保险行业是以诚信为本的行业，诚信是保险业的基础；保险合同及行业特点决定了保险要遵循最大诚信原则。二、最大诚信原则的内容最大诚信原则的内容主要通过保险合同双方的诚信义务来体现，具体包括投保人或被保险人如实告知的义务及保证义务，保险人的说明义务及弃权和禁止反言义务。未完！！！见扩展阅读：【保险】怎么买，哪个好，手把手教你避开保险的这些"坑"
1）论我国人身保险发展的市场前景2）商业保险与社会保险的比较3）商业保险在我国的发展趋势4）中国加入WTO后保险业的发展前景5）如何改善我国保险监管的不足、6）论中外保险竞争与合作7）交强险的运用与改革8）论述我国创新型保险产品的发展现状及发展前景9）年金保险在我国的发展前景10）比较责任保险与一般财产保险11）比较信用保险和保证保险的异同12）农业保险在我国今后的发展趋势13）我国保险代理人体制的改革14）保险理赔应遵守的基本原则与特殊原则15）分析影响保险公司偿付能力的主要因素16）我国再保险业的发展趋势17）重庆保险市场分析18）保险企业提高经营效益的根本途径19）分析几种典型的保险公司组织形式20）理解偿付能力监管是保险监管的核心21）保险业在混业经营中的意义22）保险营销环境对保险营销策略的影响23）理解保险经营资产具有负债性的意义24）为什么保险人在经营中要遵守风险大量原则25）论述人身保险的特殊性26）农业保险经营中的主要问题27）论保险人公估人在我国保险市场的作用28）论《保险法》修改的要点29）保险学大学生在中国保险市场的作为30）保险的“助动器”与“稳定器”作用31）论保险条款“通俗化”的必要32）分析目前国家允许保险资金海外投资和保险外汇资金境外运用33）分析我国保险经纪人市场的发展前景34）分析我国保险业的人才需求状况35）浅谈保险代理人36）分析保险营销新渠道的拓展37）保险市场与资本市场的互动38）分析我国目前投资型保险39）论我国保险资金的投资渠道40）分析我国企业年金保险市场41）论中国保险市场全面开放所带来的影响42）浅谈保险合同的订立与生效43）保险资金的有效管理运用44）如何改善我国保险监管的不足45）论我国保险营销策略与发展46）浅谈保险客户服务中心管理47）如何改善我国保险监管的不足48）浅谈我国补充养老保险发展现状极其发展意义49）论意外伤害保险的可保危险50）如何发展我国农村医疗健康保险市场51）我国财产保险发展趋势52）论述财产保险的主要特征53）订立财产保险合同应遵守的原则54）简述我国财产保险市场的恶性竞争55）再保险对财产保险公司的意义56）家庭财产保险在中国的发展前景57）分析目前机动车辆保险市场现状扩展阅读：【保险】怎么买，哪个好，手把手教你避开保险的这些"坑"
保险，是指投保人根据合同约定，向保险人支付保险费，保险人对于合同约定的可能发生的事故因其发生所造成的财产损失承担赔偿保险金责任，或者被保险人死亡、伤残、疾病或者达到合同约定的年龄、期限等条件时承担给付保险金责任的商业保险行为。下面学术堂整理了几个保险专业的毕业论文题目，供大家进行参考： 1、我国寿险市场竞争方式探讨 2、也谈保险信用问题 3、保险营销方式创新谈 4、试论我国寿险产品发展趋势 5、车险费率市场化之我见 6、试论我国商业健康险的发展模式 7、也谈保险创新 8、银保合作方式新探 9、中资保险公司竞争能力分析 10、也谈保护我国民族保险业 11、如何提升保险公司的核心竞争能力 12、构建战略联盟提升保险公司的竞争能力 13、也谈网络保险 14、我国保险监管趋势探讨 15、略论中资保险公司应对外资保险公司入侵的对策
搜一下：汽车保险理赔服务论文结语怎么写