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医学英语文献选读6Selected readings in medical English 6
Expression of dominant-negative versions of both cAMP response element-binding protein and CAAT/enhancer-binding protein blocked the glucose response of the proximal region in a dose-dependent mannerdominant-negative版本的表达两个营和CAAT磷酸腺苷反应要素结合蛋白质/ enhancer-binding蛋白质堵住了葡萄糖响应的地区近端”的态度
dominant-negative版本的表达两个营和CAAT磷酸腺苷反应要素结合蛋白质/ enhancer-binding蛋白质堵住了葡萄糖响应的地区近端”的态度。
5(GDF-5生长分化因子) GDF-5充当信号,为软骨形成, 成长,图案的发展脊椎动物 骨架。它被表达在发展interzone 关节。会员GDF-5转变的生长 因素TGF_ -科的信号分子) 参与关节软骨开发、维护、 与再生(34)。GDF-5促进骨软骨细胞 分化和刺激蛋白多糖的合成。 GDF5_ / _老鼠(brachypodism)制定 指间手腕和踝关节缺陷(34)。 天使形状的闹上体 气体动力设备5引起的突变 不典型增生的癌前期病变,其特点是影响食欲办公 髋部和手关节(遗传105835号)。个人 现在与身材矮小,多脑上体发育不良, 和缺牙。趾骨缩短中间 天使形状 脑上体的发育不全是相似的 观察
5(GDF-5生长分化因子)GDF-5充当信号,为chondrogenesis,成长,图案的发展脊椎动物骨架。它被表达在发展interzone关节。会员GDF-5转变的生长因素TGF_ -科的信号分子)参与关节软骨开发、维护、与再生(34)。GDF-5促进骨软骨细胞分化和刺激蛋白多糖的合成。GDF5_ / _老鼠(brachypodism)制定指间手腕和踝关节缺陷(34)。angel-shaped epiphyseal GDF5引起的突变不典型增生的癌前期病变,其特点是影响食欲办公髋部和手关节(遗传105835号)。个人现在与身材矮小,多epiphyseal发育不良,和hypodontia。phalangeal缩短中间angel-shaped epiphyseal发育不全是相似的brachydactyly中观察到C,这个观察导致识别这个实体GDF5的突变。杂合GDF5也会引起的突变brachydactyly C类,其特点是短的中间第一趾骨逆行掌骨近端关节(35)。纯合子的GDF5突变导致的嘴上Hunter-Thompson形式的acromesomelic骨骼dys - plasias、杜二盘不典型增生的癌前期病变(35)。多态性的推动GDF5的影响(表3)被认为预测对髋关节和膝关节骨性关节炎在亚洲人群。结果的敏感性,降低了多态性转录chondrogenic细胞的活动。Wnt-induced信号蛋白3(WISP-3)小精灵基因是广东成员的家庭参与细胞生长分化与初步鉴定为有一个可能的角色对癌症的控制(36)。Wnt信号调节软骨细胞表型,成熟、和功能。只有WISP3是众所周知的伴随着人类疾病。分泌WISP-3是一个蛋白质表达synoviocytes和软骨细胞和人类是非常必要的软骨的完整性。隐性WISP3突变造成轻微的chondrodysplasiapseudorheumatoid称为进步。关节病没有。#童年(遗传208230)。受到影响的个人现在的年龄在3年,8年进步的小型和大型联合polyarthritis、刚度,和减少机动性。还没有临床证据炎症。揭示了骨骼影像学特点结果表明:spondyloepiphyseal platyspondyly,megaepiphyses,和扩大趾骨天涯海角。射线trigonum巨型的示范操作系统能鉴别这个实体类风湿性关节炎。最近,WISP3多态性相已被证实授予对佳(表3)。一个特定的多态性在Wnt拮抗剂,Frizzled-related蛋白质3、有关联的OA易感基因(表3)。Growth differentiation factor 5 (GDF-5) 5(GDF-5生长分化因子)GDF-5 acts as a signal for chondrogenesis, GDF-5充当信号,为chondrogenesis,growth, and patterning of the developing vertebrate 成长,图案的发展脊椎动物 It is expressed in the interzone of developing 骨架。它被表达在发展 GDF-5 is a member of the transforming growth 关节。会员GDF-5转变的生长factor _ (TGF_) superfamily of signaling molecules and 因素TGF_ -科的信号分子)is involved in articular cartilage development, maintenance, 参与关节软骨开发、维护、and regeneration (34) GDF-5 promotes chondrocyte 与再生(34)。GDF-5促进骨软骨细胞differentiation and stimulates proteoglycan 分化和刺激蛋白多糖的合成。GDF5_/_ mice (brachypodism) develop GDF5_ / _老鼠(brachypodism)制定interphalangeal wrist and ankle joint defects (34) 指间手腕和踝关节缺陷(34)。Mutations in GDF5 cause angel-shaped epiphyseal angel-shaped epiphyseal GDF5引起的突变dysplasia, characterized by early-onset OA affecting 不典型增生的癌前期病变,其特点是影响食欲办公the hip and hand joints (OMIM 105835) Individuals 髋部和手关节(遗传105835号)。个人present with short stature, multiple epiphyseal dysplasia, 现在与身材矮小,多epiphyseal发育不良,and The middle phalangeal shortening in 和hypodontia。phalangeal缩短中间angel-shaped epiphyseal dysplasia is similar to that angel-shaped epiphyseal发育不全是相似的observed in brachydactyly C, and this observation led to brachydactyly中观察到C,这个观察导致the identification of GDF5 mutations in this 识别这个实体GDF5的突变。Heterozygous mutations in GDF5 also cause 杂合GDF5也会引起的突变brachydactyly type C, characterized by short middle brachydactyly C类,其特点是短的中间phalanges and the first metacarpal joints (35) Homozygous 第一趾骨逆行掌骨近端关节(35)。纯合子的GDF5 mutations give rise to the Grebe and GDF5突变导致的嘴上Hunter-Thompson forms of acromesomelic skeletal dys- plasias and Du Pan dysplasia (35) Polymorphisms in the Hunter-Thompson形式的acromesomelic骨骼dys - plasias、杜二盘不典型增生的癌前期病变(35)。多态性的promoter of GDF5 (Table 3) are thought to predict 推动GDF5的影响(表3)被认为预测susceptibility to hip and knee OA in Asian 对髋关节和膝关节骨性关节炎在亚洲人群。The susceptibility polymorphism results in reduced transcriptional 结果的敏感性,降低了多态性转录activity in chondrogenic chondrogenic细胞的活动。Wnt-induced signaling protein 3 (WISP-3) Wnt-induced信号蛋白3(WISP-3)The WISP genes are members of the CCN family 小精灵基因是广东成员的家庭involved in cell growth and differentiation and were 参与细胞生长分化与initially identified as having a possible role in cancer 初步鉴定为有一个可能的角色对癌症的控制(36) Wnt signaling regulates chondrocyte phenotype, (36)。Wnt信号调节软骨细胞表型,maturation, and Only WISP3 is known to be 成熟、和功能。只有WISP3是众所周知的associated with human WISP-3 is a secreted 伴随着人类疾病。分泌WISP-3是一个protein expressed by synoviocytes and chondrocytes and 蛋白质表达synoviocytes和软骨细胞和is essential for human cartilage Recessive 人类是非常必要的软骨的完整性。隐性mutations in WISP3 cause a mild chondrodysplasia WISP3突变造成轻微的chondrodysplasiacalled progressive pseudorheumatoid arthropathy of pseudorheumatoid称为进步。关节病childhood (OMIM #208230) Affected individuals 没有。#童年(遗传208230)。受到影响的个人present between the ages of 3 years and 8 years, with 现在的年龄在3年,8年progressive small and large joint polyarthritis, stiffness, 进步的小型和大型联合polyarthritis、刚度,and decreased There is no clinical evidence of 和减少机动性。还没有临床证据 Skeletal radiographs reveal the characteristic 炎症。揭示了骨骼影像学特点spondyloepiphyseal findings: platyspondyly, megaepiphyses, 结果表明:spondyloepiphyseal platyspondyly,megaepiphyses,and expansion of the ends of the 和扩大趾骨天涯海角。The radiographic demonstration of a mega os trigonum 射线trigonum巨型的示范操作系统can differentiate this entity from rheumatoid 能鉴别这个实体类风湿性关节炎。Recently, polymorphisms in WISP3 have been shown to 最近,WISP3多态性相已被证实confer susceptibility to JIA (Table 3) A specific polymorphism 授予对佳(表3)。一个特定的多态性in the Wnt antagonist, Frizzled-related protein 在Wnt拮抗剂,Frizzled-related蛋白质3, has also been linked as an OA susceptibility gene 3、有关联的OA易感基因(Table 3) (表3)。谢谢，如果不对的话请在线回给我，我去找找看，谢谢 不是goggle呃
5(GDF-5生长分化因素)GDF-5充当信号,为chondrogenesis、成长的发展模式vertebrateskeleton。它被表达在发展interzone关节。会员GDF-5转化生长因子TGF_)-科的信号分子,参与关节软骨开发、维护、及再生(34)。GDF-5促进骨软骨细胞分化和刺激蛋白多糖合成GDF5_ / _老鼠(brachypodism指间建立手腕和踝关节缺陷(34)Mutations GDF5引起angel-shaped epiphyseal在办公具有发育不良,影响食欲臀部和手关节(遗传105835号)。个人现在与身材矮小,多epiphyseal发育障碍,hypodontia。在angel-shaped中间phalangeal缩短epiphyseal发育不全是类似于brachydactyly中观察到C,以及这个观察导致GDF5的识别这个实体的突变杂合的突变brachydactyly GDF5也会引起C类,其特点是短的中间第一趾骨逆行掌骨近端关节(35)。纯合子的GDF5突变导致的嘴上和Hunter-Thompson形式的acromesomelic骨骼dys - plasias、杜二盘不典型增生的癌前期病变(35)。多态性相GDF5的发起者(表3)也被认为对预测髋关节和膝关节骨性关节炎在亚洲人口结果的敏感性,降低了在transcriptionalactivity多态性chondrogenic细胞。Wnt-induced信号蛋白3(WISP-3)小精灵基因是家庭成员的成员在广东细胞生长分化与最初被发现有一种癌症中可能的作用(36)。Wnt信号调节软骨细胞表型、成熟、和功能。只有WISP3被视为伴随着人类疾病。WISP-3是synoviocytes分泌蛋白表达了和软骨细胞和人类是非常必要的软骨的完整性。WISP3隐性突变造成轻微的chondrodysplasia称为进步的pseudorheumatoid撕裂。hildhood(遗传208230号)。现在受到影响的个人年龄在3年,8年,进行性小型和大型联合polyarthritis、刚度,并减少机动性。没有临床证据的炎症。揭示了spondyloepiphyseal骨骼影像学特点,megaepiphyses发现:platyspondyly,以及扩展的两端趾骨射线巨型的示范操作系统trigonum能鉴别这个实体类风湿性关节炎。最近,多态性相已经被证明WISP3颁授对佳(表3)。一个特定的多形性Wnt拮抗剂,Frizzled-related蛋白质3,目前也被媒体作为OA易感基因的影响(表3)。
医学常识选择题看不全题干，略电子显微镜的发明者：B，按维基百科的说法，发明者还有另一个工程师Max Knoll阿伏伽德罗定律: 同温同压下，相同体积的任何气体含有相同的分子数, 从这里只能看到与A的关联，但这里跟医学没有关系，我又费劲google了一下，找到一篇文献中提到该定律与手术中CO2的联系，所以应该是DA，维基百科里的描述路易 巴斯德对现代医学的主要贡献包括：BC肯定正确。A的话应该也正确，因为他是细菌学三大创始人之一。（另外两个是Ferdinand Cohn， Robert Koch）所以应该是选DA ，反转录酶D, google下来提到的DNA技术下的疫苗就只有这个应该是青霉素的发现和临床应用。A一般常识选择题C , 负面效果A, 健康风险D, 吸收D, side effect 副作用C, 引发，导致 B, 修正的，变异的呼吸类词汇题indispensable,必需的，不可或缺的respiratory 呼吸系统就像倒立的树。epiglottis 会厌invontuary，自然的，无意识的spontaneus, 自发的，自动的diaphragm，隔膜concentration 浓度allergen 敏感原Vaccine，疫苗alveolus-复数alveoli 肺泡神经类词汇题degeneratestroke release tone, muscle tone肌肉紧张度inhibitingcranialtake overspinal cordresembles trigger 触发，触动
医学人文英语教程答案Unit History of medicineKeysText ALanguage FocusFill in the blanks with the words given Change the form where necessary, and payattention to the tense, voice and collocations of the is credited with; are sometimes referred to as; was supposed to; were espoused by; in addition to; was attributed to; categorize; is given credit for; Sentence Simulation（略）Translate the following sentences into EHippocrates proposed the humoral theory that the body of man has four distinct bodily fluidsin itself: blood, phlegm, yellow bile and black bile, different mixture of which leads todifferent In ancient Greece, career as a doctor was passed on from father to son, so Hippocrates studiedmedicine under his father from his early Ancient Greek medicine was a field restricted by religious superstition where wizards cureddiseases by means of prayer, magic or ritual recitation of It now appears that Hippocrates was incorrect in his explanation of the causes of humantemperament, but his temperament categories and names have been in use ever Ancient Western doctors about to enter medical practice were required to take an oath onmedical ethics, which was derived from the oath of Hippocrates, an ancient Greek physicianrevered as "father of medicine” in the WAs the father of Western medicine, Hippocrates is the first to formulate the code of ethics thatdoctors are required to comply Furthermore, his medical opinions and medical practicehave exerted a huge influence on the development of Western medicine for Text BAnswer the following questions according to text B you have Four traditional examination methods: looking, listening and smelling, asking, and ①TCM②thefundamentalsofTCMremainlargelyunchangedanditstheoriesinexplicable to ①the methodological quality of trials is ②Most of these trials are published in Chinese,inaccessible to western doctors, and not included in systematic ③Selective publicationof positive trials is another All natural phenomena could be categorised into Yin and Yang (two opposite, complementary,interdependent, and exchangeable aspects of nature), everything in the universe consisted of fivebasicelements(wood,fire,earth,metal,andwater),andtheuniversewasconstantlychangingtowards dynamic balance or Yin refers largely to the material aspects of the organismand Yang to There is a circulation of Qi (energy) and The organs work togetherby regulating and preserving Qi and blood through the so-called channels and Diseaseoccurs after a disturbance in Yin-Yang or flow of Qi or blood, or disharmony in the organs causedby pathogenic (eg, sadness, joy, lifestyle) and climatic factors (dampness, heat, cold) Treatmentaims to expel or suppress the cause and restore Unit 2Health professionals for a new centuryText ALanguage FocusFill in the blanks with the words given Change the form where kept pace In view unterTranslate the following sentences into EMedical science is no longer simply biomedicine, but a comprehensive discipline ofhumanities, social sciences and Science and technology development, along with social progress, has put forward higherdemands and greater challenges on higher medical Medical education is characterized by a high degree of specialization and practicality, as wellas a comparatively high cost and a long training It is the main task of medical schools to train good doctors needed by the The objective of clinical medical education is to train capable and well qualified academicdoctors with a solid professional foundation and a broad spectrum of The innovation of teaching methods has not only improved the students' initiative andenthusiasm to learn, but also enhanced the quality of clinical teaching and In spite of its great progress, our country’s medical education still fails to keep pace withsocial progress, development of science and technology, and needs for medical and Translate the following passage/sentence into C过去一个世纪教育的进步在于三个时代的教育改革。第一个时代始于20世纪初，注重教授科学课程。大约于20世纪中期，第二个时代的改革开启了问题导向式的教学革新。现在，我们需要进行体系导向式的第三个时代的教育改革，通过调整核心专业技能使其适应特定环境，同时借鉴国际化知识，从而提升医疗体系的性能。迁移学习是一种重要成果，其包含了三个基本的转变：从对事实的记忆转变为对信息的搜索、分析和综合从而作出决策；从追求专业文凭转变为实现核心竞争力从而达到医疗体系里有效的团队协作；还有，从对教育模式不带批判的照搬应用转变为对整体资源的创造性改造以应对局部的重点问题。医护人员在过去一个世纪以来对人类健康和发展做出了巨大贡献，然而，自满只会让人们继续徒劳地采用20世纪的教育策略，而无法应对21世纪的挑战。Text BAnswer the following questions according to text B you have Because it is crucial to tackle the obstacles of the 21st The outcome-based core curriculum has served as a framework in many countries, and can beadjusted for specific local needs as postulated by the Studentsparticipateinaninternationalforumwhichbringstogetherstudentsofmedicine,nursing,pharmacy,andalliedhealthprofessions(namely,theWorldHealthcareStudentsSymposium) The benefits of the annual World Healthcare Students Symposia are for studentstolearntounderstandthedifferentprofessionsanddiscussthebestwaysofeffectiveandfruitful TAccordingtotheauthors,studentsfromlow-income countries with a lack of resources can especially benefit from such initiatives asthe website Health Sciences Online, although such free initiatives should not counteract theproposal to focus development assistance more strongly on health professionals’ YStudentinitiativeshavetackledclimatechange,migranthealth,andotherissuesofglobal and national Overall,medicalstudentsworldwidehavebeenplayinganactiveroleinimplementingtherecommendations of the Global Commission mainly by developing their own outcome-basedcorecurriculaandlaunchinganinternationalforumwhichbringstogetherstudentsofmedicine, nursing, pharmacy, and allied health professions, among other
医学英语文献选读1答案
dominant-negative版本的表达两个营和CAAT磷酸腺苷反应要素结合蛋白质/ enhancer-binding蛋白质堵住了葡萄糖响应的地区近端”的态度。
结扎足球俱乐部伽玛受体防爆inhibiets抗体依赖性增强登革病毒感染百度找的
Expression of dominant-negative versions of both cAMP response element-binding protein and CAAT/enhancer-binding protein blocked the glucose response of the proximal region in a dose-dependent mannerdominant-negative版本的表达两个营和CAAT磷酸腺苷反应要素结合蛋白质/ enhancer-binding蛋白质堵住了葡萄糖响应的地区近端”的态度
医学英语文献选读6Selected readings in medical English 6