发布时间：
英语论文参考文献格式：
一、参考文献的类型以单字母方式标识，具体如下：
1、M——专著C——论文集N——报纸文章
2、J——期刊文章D——学位论文R——报告
二、对于不属于上述的文献类型，采用字母“Z”标识。
三、对于英文参考文献,还应注意以下两点：
1、作者姓名采用“姓在前名在后”原则，具体格式是：姓，名字的首字母。MalcolmRichardCowley为：Cowley，。如果有两位作者，第一位作者方式不变，之后第二位作者名字的首字母放在前面，姓放在后面。如:FrankNorris与IrvingGordon应为Norris，F.&。
2、书名、报刊名使用斜体字，如：MasteringEnglishLiterature, EnglishWeekly。
扩展资料：
1、专著M；报纸N；期刊J；专利文献P；汇编G；古籍O；技术标准S。
2、学位论文D；科技报告R；参考工具K；检索工具W；档案B；录音带A。
英语论文参考文献标准格式
在各领域中，说到论文，大家肯定都不陌生吧，通过论文写作可以培养我们独立思考和创新的能力。那么一般论文是怎么写的呢？以下是我帮大家整理的英语论文参考文献标准格式，仅供参考，大家一起来看看吧。
用Times New Roman.每一条目顶格，如某一条目超过一行，从第二行起“悬挂缩进”2字符。参考文献中所有标点与符号均在英文状态下输入，标点符号后空一格。
参考文献条目排列顺序：英文文献、中文文献、网络文献。分别按作者姓氏字母顺序排列。文献前不用序号。
1）英文参考文献：
（1）专著与编著
排列顺序为：作者姓、名、专著名、出版地、出版社、出版年。
例如：
Brinkleyork: Knopf, 1993.
专著名中如果还包含其他著作或作品名，后者用斜体。
例如：
Dunn, Richard J ed. Charlotte Bront: Jane EyreNew York: Norton, 1971.
A、两个至三个作者
第一作者的姓在前，名在后，中间用逗号隔开；其余作者名在前，姓在后，中间无逗号；每个作者之间用逗号隔开，最后一个作者的姓名前用“and”，后用句号。
例如：
B、三个以上作者
第一作者姓名（姓在前，名在后，中间加逗号）后接“et al.”，其他作者姓名省略。
例如：
University of Hawaii Press, 1997.
C、同一作者同一年出版的不同文献，参照下例：
Widdowson, Henry G1998a.
Widdowson, Henry G. Cambridge:
Cambridge University Press, 1998b.
（2）论文集
参照下例：
Thompson, Pett. “Modal Verbs in Academic Writing”. In Ben Kettlemann & York: Rodopi, 2002: 305-323.
（3）百科全书等参考文献
参照下例：
Fagan, Jeffrey. “Gangs and Drugs”. ork: Macmillan, 2001.
（4）学术期刊论文
参照下例：
Murphy, Karen. “Meaningful Connections: Using Technology in Primary Classrooms”.
（5）网络文献
参照下例：
“Everything You Ever Wanted to Know About URL”.
（6）专著：
参照下例：
皮亚杰.结构主义[M] .北京:商务印书馆,1984.
（7）期刊文章：
参照下例：
杨忠,张韶杰.认知语音学中的类典型论[J].外语教学与研究,1999,(2):1-3.
（8）学位论文
参照下例：
梁佳.大学英语四、六级测试试题现状的理论分析与问题研究[D].湖南大学,2002.
（9）论文集
参照下例：
许小纯.含义和话语结构[A].李红儒.外国语言与文学研究[C].哈尔滨:黑龙江人民出版社,1999:5-7.
（10）附录
2）中文参考文献
一、参考文献的类型
参考文献(即引文出处)的类型以单字母方式标识，具体如下：
[M]--专着，着作
[C]--论文集(一般指会议发表的论文续集，及一些专题论文集，如《***大学研究生学术论文集》
[N]-- 报纸文章
[J]--期刊文章：发表在期刊上的论文，尽管有时我们看到的是从网上下载的(如知网)，但它也是发表在期刊上的，你看到的电子期刊仅是其电子版
[D]--学位论文 :不区分硕士还是博士论文
[R]--报告：一般在标题中会有“关于****的.报告”字样
[S]-- 标准
[P]--专利
[A]--文章：很少用，主要是不属于以上类型的文章
[Z]--对于不属于上述的文献类型，可用字母“Z”标识，但这种情况非常少见
常用的电子文献及载体类型标识：
[DB/OL] --联机网上数据(database online)
[DB/MT] --磁带数据库(database on magnetic tape)
[M/CD] --光盘图书(monograph on CDROM)
[CP/DK] --磁盘软件(computer program on disk)
[J/OL] --网上期刊(serial online)
[EB/OL] --网上电子公告(electronic bulletin board online)
很显然，标识的就是该资源的英文缩写，/前面表示类型，/后面表示资源的载体，如OL表示在线资源。
二、参考文献的格式及举例
1.期刊类
【格式】[序号]作者。篇名[J].刊名，出版年份，卷号(期号)起止页码。
【举例】
[1] 周融，任志国，杨尚雷，厉星星。对新形势下毕业设计管理工作的思考与实践[J].电气电子教学学报，2003(6)：107-109.
[2] 夏鲁惠。高等学校毕业设计(论文)教学情况调研报告[J].高等理科教育，2004(1)：46-52.
[3] Heider, . The structure of color space in naming and memory of two languages [J]. Foreign Language Teaching and Research, 1999, (3)： 62 67.
2.专着类
【格式】[序号]作者。书名[M].出版地：出版社，出版年份：起止页码。
【举例】
[4] 刘国钧，王连成。图书馆史研究[M].北京：高等教育出版社，1979:15-18,31.
[5] Gill, R. Mastering English Literature [M]. London: Macmillan, 1985: 42-45.
3.报纸类
【格式】[序号]作者。篇名[N].报纸名，出版日期(版次)。
【举例】
[6] 李大伦。经济全球化的重要性[N]. 光明日报，1998-12-27(3)。
[7] French, W. Between Silences: A Voice from China[N]. Atlantic Weekly, 1987-8-15(33)。
4.论文集
【格式】[序号]作者。篇名 [C].出版地：出版者，出版年份：起始页码。
【举例】
[8] 伍蠡甫。西方文论选[C]. 上海：上海译文出版社，1979:12-17.
[9] Spivak,G. “Can the Subaltern Speak?”[A]. In & L. Grossberg(eds.)。 Victory in Limbo: Imigism [C]. Urbana: University of Illinois Press, 1988, .
[10] Almarza, . Student foreign language teacher's knowledge growth [A]. In and (eds.)。 Teacher Learning in Language Teaching [C]. New York: Cambridge University Press. 1996. .
5.学位论文
【格式】[序号]作者。篇名[D].出版地：保存者，出版年份：起始页码。
【举例】
[11] 张筑生。微分半动力系统的不变集[D].北京：北京大学数学系数学研究所， 1983:1-7.
6.研究报告
【格式】[序号]作者。名[R].出版地：出版者，出版年份：起始页码。
【举例】
[12] 冯西桥。核反应堆压力管道与压力容器的LBB分析[R].北京：清华大学核能技术设计研究院， 1997:9-10.
7.专利
【格式】[序号]专利所有者。题名[P].国别：专利号，发布日期。
8.标准
【格式】[序号]标准编号，标准名称[S].
【举例】
[14] GB/T 16159-1996, 汉语拼音正词法基本规则 [S].
9.条例
【格式】[序号]颁布单位。条例名称。发布日期
【举例】
[15] 中华人民共和国科学技术委员会。科学技术期刊管理办法[Z].1991-06-05
10.电子文献
【格式】[序号]主要责任者。电子文献题名。电子文献出处[电子文献及载体类型标识].或可获得地址，发表或更新日期/引用日期。
【举例】
[16] 王明亮。关于中国学术期刊标准化数据库系统工程的进展[EB/OL].
[17] 万锦。中国大学学报论文文摘(1983 1993)。英文版 [DB/CD]. 北京： 中国大百科全书出版社， 1996.
11.各种未定义类型的文献
【格式】[序号] 主要责任者。文献题名[Z].出版地：出版者， 出版年。
特别说明：凡出现在“参考文献”项中的标点符号都失去了其原有意义，且其中所有标点必须是半角，如果你的输入法中有半角/全解转换，则换到半角状态就可以了，如果你的输入法中没有这一转换功能，直接关闭中文输入法，在英文输入状态下输入即可。
其实，很多输入法(如目前比较流行的搜狐输入法)都提供了四种组合：
(1)中文标点+ 全角：这时输入的标点是这样的，：【1】-(而这时，我没有找到哪个键可以输入 / 符号)也就是说，这些符号是一定不能出现在“参考文献”中的;
(2)中文标点+半角：这时输入的标点是这样的，：【1】-(这时，我还是没有找到哪个键可以输入 / 符号)也就是说，这些符号也不能出现在“参考文献”中的;
上面列出的符号，中间没有任何的空格，你能看出它们有什么区别吗?我看只是-的宽度有一点点不同，其它都一样
(3)英文标点+全角：这时输入的标点是这样的，.:[1]-/
(4)英文标点+半角：这时输入的标点是这样的，.:[1]-/
从这两项可以明显的看出，半角和全角其实最大的差别是所占的宽度不一样，这一点对于数字来说最为明显，而英文标点明显要比中文标点细小很多(也许因为英文中，标点的功能没有中文那么复杂，就是说英文中标点符号的能力没有中文那么强大)
所以，很多人在写“参考文献” 时，总是觉得用英文标点+半角很不清楚，间距也太小，其实这点完全不用担心如果你觉得真的太小不好看，就用英文标点+全角吧而在[1] 之后，一般也都有一个空格。
对于英文参考文献，还应注意以下两点：
①作者姓名采用“姓在前名在后”原则，具体格式是：姓，名字的首字母。 如： Malcolm Richard Cowley 应为：Cowley, .,如果有两位作者，第一位作者方式不变，&之后第二位作者名字的首字母放在前面，姓放在后面，如：Frank Norris 与Irving Gordon应为：Norris, F. & .
②书名、报刊名使用斜体字，如：Mastering English Literature,English Weekly.
三、注释
注释是对论文正文中某一特定内容的进一步解释或补充说明注释应置于本页页脚，前面用圈码①、②、③等标识。
speech
演讲speech,做演讲giveaspeech
give a speech
演讲的英文：speech；give a lecture；make a speech；lecture。
[例句]演讲引来观众一片嘘声。
The speech was greeted with loud boos from the audience.
英语翻译技巧：
1、省略翻译法
这与最开始提到的增译法相反，就是要求你把不符合汉语，或者英语的表达的方式、思维的习惯或者语言的习惯的部分删去，以免使所翻译出的句子沉杂累赘。
2、合并法
合并翻译法就是把多个短句子或者简单句合并到一起，形成一个复合句或者说复杂句，多出现在汉译英的题目里出现，比如最后会翻译成定语从句、状语从句、宾语从句等等。
演讲者把演讲的主要内容和层次结构，按照提纲形式写出来，借助它进行演讲，而不必一字一句写成演讲。其特点是能避免照读式演讲和背诵式演讲与听众思想感情缺乏交流的不足。 下面就是我给大家带来的 英语 演讲稿 范文 五篇，欢迎大家阅读!
英语 演讲稿范文 五篇1
good afternoon, teachers! first please allow me to introduce myself briefly.
my name is xie tianyuan. i am 17 years old. my birthday is jan. 1st . it’s just new year’s day. i come from id 13, grade 2 of junan no. 1 senior high school.
i am a cheerful teenager，so my hobbies is extensive. in my spare time i like playing table tennis and school, i like to surf the internet or listen to music. i also will put into the reading to enrich my knowledge, in order to understand the world. i like reading and i often borrow books from the school library. i enjoy reading books because the books can make me happy and sunny every day.
then i will say sth. about my family. there are three people in my family，my mother，father and me. my father is a strict but kind man. he always puts his own heart on his business. my mother is a teacher. she does pretty well. no matter what they do, or how busy they are, they always give me their deep love. i love them, too.
as long as you work hard，there will be a harvest. this is my motto. i’ll follow this path and study hard.
that’s all. thank you.
英语演讲稿范文五篇2
Hi everyone,
My name is Dongqi Yang from china, I am horror to be here today and I am very happy to receive this award.
As you can imagine, as international students in Australia, the biggest challenge is English,
I remembered that when I come here first time, there is a party in the house of my home stay. During the time, they played jokes and they laughed all the time, do you know how embarrassed that is, everyone laughed except you. So I pretend to understand the joke in another party, I saw everyone laugh and I laugh too in 5 seconds later. My home stay was surprised about that and asked me “do you understand?”， and I answered “no”， “So why do you laugh?” ”because I do not want to be embarrassed”!
But as I receive this award today, I want to thank to them, because they encourage me to be involved with the committee rather than staying in at home, play computer and speak Chinese.
When I came to Wantirna College first time, I met liz collar who is international student coordinator. She is very kind to me, and she encourage me join SRC, I went to SRC meetings regularly all the time, but I didn’t even know what SRC was! That is the reason why I told her, I don’t want to go to SRC anymore. But she said “why not? You should go and you have to go!”I asked” why?” she said:” because I said so!”
But as ii receive this award today, I want to thank her. She helps me a lot.
Truth be told, I am not the best student in Wantirna College, but I appreciate this award and I will try my best in future.
I think I got 10 seconds left, I want to thank to Les and Vera who is my lovely home stay, thanks to Liz collar who is international student coordinator, I strongly want to thank to my mother, because she support me and gave me the opportunity to come to Australia. And thanks to Wantinran College, thanks to Australia and finally, thanks to everyone to be here tonight.
Have a great night.
英语演讲稿范文五篇3
Good morning/afternoon!
First thing first, I gotta say,wow,it's funny thing to be given a chance like be told,I really got a little bit nervous before I stand right here ,so called 'stage fright'.If you look specifically on me .You may find my hands shaking,pretty assembles the guy who suffered from Pakinson's disease,and legs wobbling ,like I caught so-called ball leg. Okay,let's stop going around the bush and get back to my topic really like to talk a funny story I have just heard.
A lady called Lucy emigrated to United States several years spoken English is not that fluent .And one day,she is just sitting on the couch with his friends Mandy watching noise of bump had the attention of Mandy,which led her to go out of the house trying to figure out what had you imagine that Mandy go straight out with merely a Lucy shouted at her,"Lucy ,turn your clothes on." What suprised her most,beyond her wildest imagination, is that almost all the male in this country took their head out of the made a mistake here .The word spitted means Mandy is totally naked to the reason that male looked out of the right sentence shall be,"put your clothing on."The story inspires you to take a careful look on the vast difference between eastern and western culture.
That's full of it,thank you for your time!
英语演讲稿范文五篇4
Good afternoon, ladies and gentlemen!
I am glad to be here to share my opinions with all of you. My topic today is about Internet.
With the development of technology, more and more people are fond of using Internet. It is particularly popular among young people. Just like the coin has two sides, internet also has its own advantages and disadvantages.
First of all, the Internet has brought people great convenience in getting information, entertainment and contact with each other. As for our students, it is a useful tool when we meet problems. When we are tired, a piece of light music will help us relax. If we have free time, we can enjoy movies or interesting cartoons. What’s more, we can also watch live programs on the internet or see it later if we are not available at that time.
But there is also bad influence. Some of the young teenagers are addicted to computer games, and some even play games all night. Because of lacking in sleep, those students can not focus on in the class . As a result, they may fail in the exam. When they realize it is wrong to spend too much time playing games, it’s already too late.
I have remembered such a piece of news . An excellent student flunked (考试不及格) because he could not concentrate on his study for being too indulged in computer games. He spent nearly all the money on games, which was earned by his father's selling blood. When his father knelt down to beg him to return to school, he was too numb to show any regret.
The most serious harm of computer games come from their contents, which affects teenagers ' mental health. Many games involve violence, such as fighting and killing. When they enjoy the pleasure of success, a violent turn of mind is developed and rooted in them, which may induce future violent behaviour in their life.
So when computers' entertaining function is highly spoken of ,such a problem does deserve our serious concern.
In addition, long time's working before computer also does harm to health. The radiation from the computer can arose many uncomfortable feelings., like a headache, poor eyesight.
At last, people who are fond of making friends on line should also be careful. Many convicts use Internet as a way to cheat. Although it has many disadvantages , Internet has become an indispensable part of people's life in recent years. In my point of view, it’s wrong to blame Internet itself, it’s all depend on the way we use it. If we use it in a right way, it can be one of the best friends in our life.
That 's all , thank you !
英语演讲稿范文五篇5
Good afternoon, dear judges. Today my speech is “I love black-faced spoonbill.
On a beautiful winter day, I happened to meet the lovely spirit------
Black Faced Spoonbill, a type of migratory bird, which spends winter at Hong-Shu-Lin in my city every year. Covered with snow-white feathers, it has black legs and a black beak. Besides the blacks and whites, an amazing splash of yellow is under its neck. So elegant that I couldn’t help loving it at first sight.
With a big and spoon-shaped beak, it can clasp fishes easily, which makes it a powerful hunter in birds.
However, with human expansion and pollution, only around 20 x ones are living all over the world.
Like the eleven swan princes in Andersen’s Fairy Tale, the Black Faced Spoonbills have always been struggling to find a tiny rock which can offer them a momentary tranquility. Fortunately, they have found one in my beloved home. I would always hold them dearly to my heart and wish they would return with flocks of chicks in the following years, and singing……
Oh, I have a home, such a beautiful home, where I play and rest happily.
Oh, give them a home, such a wonderful home, where the spoonbills play all day.
Thank you very much.
英语演讲稿范文五篇相关 文章 ：
1. 英文演讲稿优秀范文五篇
2. 五篇万能经典英语演讲稿范文
3. 优秀的英语演讲稿范文五篇
4. 五篇公众英语演讲稿范文
5. 五分钟优秀英语演讲稿范文五篇
6. 五篇常用英语演讲稿范文
7. 大学英语演讲稿范文五篇
8. 五篇优秀经典英语演讲稿范文
9. 中学生英语演讲稿范文带翻译五篇
10. 出众英语演讲稿范文五篇
当准备演讲稿时，你会选择中文版本的还是英文版本的。下面是我带来演讲稿英语范文，以供大家学习参考。 英语演讲稿范文篇1：I love English As everyone knows,English is very important has been used everywhere in the has become the most common language on Internet and for international trade. If we can speak English well,we will have more chance to more and more people have taken notice of it,the number of the people who go to learn English has increased at a high speed. But for myself,I learn English not only because of its importance and its usefulness,but also because of my love for I learn English, I can feel a different way of thinking which gives me more room to touch the I read English novels,I can feel the pleasure from the book which is different from reading the I speak English, I can feel the confident from my I write English,I can see the beauty which is not the same as our Chinese... I love English,it gives me a colorful hope I can travel around the world one day. With my good English, I can make friends with many people from different can see many places of great dream that I can go to London,because it is the birth place of English. I also want to use my good English to introduce our great places to the English spoken people,I hope that they can love our country like us. I know, Rome was not built in a day. I believe that after continuous hard study, one day I can speak English very well. If you want to be loved, you should learn to love and be lovable. So I believe as I love English everyday , it will love me too. I am sure that I will realize my dream one day! Thank you! 英语演讲稿范文篇2：My birthday party Today is my birthday and I'm so excited about the morning I put a note on the table for my mum and it said,Today is my birthday,don't forget it!At school,I got many jpgts and cards for my classmates and had a lot of I was still expecting the birthday party after school. When it was time to leave school I couldn't wait to go I open the door,there wasn't anybody in the was only a note that said,Coming home late tonight,mum and try to call them but there was no was so shocked,do they forget my birthday?How could this be!I was so sad that I couldn't eat just did my homework and waited for them. And then,things changed was about time for dinner,my mother called and told me to go to the restanrant near our I got there I couldn't believed my was there:my parents,my relatives,my friends and even my was so many jpgts and a big a surprising birthday party!We had a good time and it was the best birthday party ever. 英语演讲稿范文篇3：My dream home My dream home is an old castle in France. There are at least thirty rooms in it. It has three floors. There is a big sitting room and dining room on the ground floor. It must have a very large window on the ground floor. I can look out of the window. There are six bedrooms on the first floor. Maybe my good friends can live in the rooms. There is a bathroom in each bedroom. I would like my friends to have a shower or a bath in my castle. There is a special room on the second floor. I can put all my clothes in the room. The room must be next to my bedroom. There is a big bed in my own bedroom. It is two meters long, because I love to sleep. There is a bathroom in my bedroom. There is a very large garden outside my house. I can have breakfast in this garden. I can have parties in it. The garden is like a park. There are many kinds of flowers and trees in it. In the centre of the garden, there is a wooden swing. I can play on it. This is my dream home. It is a nice dream. 英语演讲稿范文篇4：Taste of Home What is the taste of home? Before I lodge in school dormitory, I never think of this question. But, now I know what the taste of home is as I have lived in school for a month. I miss the delicious food cooked by my mother and her endless chatter. My father sits in the middle of the hall watching TV. The fight between my two younger brothers and the ice cream in the refrigerator make me feel warm. All these make a house a family. And it is the taste of home in my mind. 英语演讲稿范文篇5：My Dream When I was in school, my teacher asked me what I want to be in the future, I had no idea at the time, because I didn’t think about the question before, now I have my dream, I have figured out what I want to be in the future, I want to be a teacher. This is my future ideal career, being a teacher not only fulfills myself, I also can implant my knowledge to my students. When I look at my teachers, I adore them so much, they learn so much knowledge, they can help us learn better, whenever we have questions, they can answer us immediately. I want to be one of them when I grow up, so I must study hard now. 英语演讲稿范文篇6：My school There is a beautiful school in the Shanghai West suburbs----Qingpu senior high middle school. She covers an area of simple more than 150 mu. And it is one of the lodge senior middle schools in Shanghai. That is my school, my family. Judging by her system, it is not hard for us to know, every student who studies in the school should live at school. Really so, I live at school all the day. Our school is a modern senior middle school .In each classroom there is a computer which controls a projector. It is the paperless teaching that the teacher attends class. Students dive into it completely. The environment in the school is also the most. There is a river in the school side. And water in river is limpid, in which there is several small fish and some shrimps etc. The gym installations of our school are complete. She not only has a tartan track, a basketball court and a football field, but also has a tennis field ,a shuttlecock field ,a table tennis house and gymnasium etc . Everything needed is there. This is my school, my family. I love my school, and I love my family! 英语演讲稿范文篇7：Keeping Optimistic The Importance of Keeping Optimistic Honourable judges, ladies and gentlemen, Good afternoon! Today I would like to talk about the importance of keeping optimistic. When we encounter difficulties in life, we notice that some of us choose to bury their heads in the sand. Unfortunately, however, this attitude will do you no good, because if you will have no courage even to face them, how can you conquer them? Thus, be optimistic, ladies and gentlemen, as it can give you confidence and help you see yourself through the hard times, just as Winston Churchill once said, An optimist sees an opportunity in every calamity; a pessimist sees a calamity in every opportunity. Ladies and Gentlemen, keeping optimistic, you will be able to realize, in spite of some hardship, there’s always hope waiting for you, which will lead you to the ultimate success. Historically as well as currently, there are too many optimists of this kind to enumerate. You see, Thomas Edison is optimistic; if not, the light of hope in his heart could not illuminate the whole world. Alfred Nobel is optimistic; if not, the explosives and the prestigious Nobel Prize would not have come into being. And Lance Armstrong is also optimistic; if not, the devil of cancer would have devoured his life and the world would not see a 5-time winner of the Tour De France. A rose may be beautiful, or maybe not; that depends on your attitude only, and so does success, so does life. Hindrances and difficulties do exist, but if you are optimistic, then they are only episodes on your long way to the throne of success; they are more bridges than obstacles! Now I prefer to end my speech with the great British poet Shelley’s lines: If winter comes, can spring be far behind? Thank you!
英文的演讲稿篇一 ：英文论文演讲稿
1、hello everyone！
today i will introduce you a paper, which is called “effects of corporate governance on capital structure: empirical evidence from pakistan “
2、i will use the following four parts to introduce
3、i got this paper from the emerald reprints the world’s leading publisher of management research and the type of the paper is research paper
纳迪姆阿麦的sheke
4、then we can have a simple knowledge of the two authors:nadeem ahmed sheikh and 王宗军 one is a doctoral degree candidate in the school of management, hua zhong university of science and technology, wuhan .the other is a professor in this college
5. about the paper’s outline
firstly the aim of this empirical study is to investigate whether corporate governance attributes affect capital structure choices of pakistani firms
then the design of the paper is multiple regression analysis
6、in order to have a good knowledge of the paper we can from the following three aspects to
the attributes of the corporate governance are background also includes ：measures of corporate governance and their relation to capital structure
8、research design
firstly methodology：it includes three aspects: data variables and methodology date: this study investigates the significant corporate governance attributes that may affect the capital structure of non-financial firms listed on the karachi stock exchange pakistan during 2004-2008. and the final sample set consists of 775 observations for 155 firms over a period of five years.
this study employed panel data methodology(面板数据方式) because sample contained data across firms and over time
9、this table is the definition of variables. it includes three parts:
10. dependent variables consist of total debt ratio and long-term debt ratio. this is a basic formula.
12、this table is the yearly mean value of shareholding pattern
13、here are some of regression analysis tables, through the multiple regression analysis the paper gives the conclusions
14、the results is as follows:
capital structure is positively related to board size、outside directors and ownership concentration. that is to say: a large board serve as a means to obtain support from external environment;
boards with more independent directors can take on more debt on favorable terms due to effective monitoring ;
block holders have more ability than dispersed shareholders to force management to take those actions that maximize the shareholder wealth.
15、on the other hand, capital structure is negative related to managerial ownership、director remuneration 、profitability and liquidity.
16、in the end, i have a summary:
the results of the paper indicate that corporate governance attributes, in part, explicate the financing behavior of pakistani firms
and, the empirical results of this study provide support to corporate managers in establishing an optimal capital structure, and to regulatory authorities for enacting laws and developing institutional support to make corporate governance mechanisms work more effectively in the country.
17、thats all, thank you for listen to me, if you are interested in this paper you can have a study after class
thank you !
篇二：英语论文演讲稿
my paper is revenge tragedy in english renaissance——about 《hamlet》 ppt1:.... ppt2:....
ppt3:....
ppt4:next, let`s analyse the relationship between the characters in the drama. this is a relationship diagram.
hamlet ,the prince of denmark and also the protagonist(主角、主要人物、领导者）was about thirty years old at the start of the play. hamlet is the son of queen gertrude and the late king hamlet, and the nephew of the present king, claudius. hamlet is melancholy, bitter, and cynical, full of hatred for his uncle’s scheming and disgust for his mother’s sexuality. a reflective and thoughtful young man who has studied at the university of wittenberg, hamlet is often indecisive and hesitant, but at other times prone to rash and impulsive acts.
哈姆雷特 prince hamlet —— 丹麦王子。为父王的鬼魂所困扰，要对杀父凶手复仇。经历了痛苦的挣扎之后他达成了目的，整个王宫也陷入了死亡的恐怖之中。他最后也中了致命的毒剑死去。
claudius, as the king of denmark, hamlet’s uncle and the villain（反派角色） of the play, was a calculating, ambitious politician,and was driven by his sexual appetites and his lust for power, but he occasionally showed signs of guilt and human feeling—his love for gertrude, for instance, seems sincere.
克劳迪斯 claudius —— 丹麦现任国王。他是哈姆雷特的叔父，在哥哥死后继任了王位。老国王的鬼魂告诉哈姆雷特，他正是谋杀自己的凶手。他罪有应得，最后死在侄子复仇的毒剑下。
鬼魂 king hamlet (ghost) —— 哈姆雷特的父亲死后化成的鬼魂。他被弟弟毒死时，哈姆雷特正在国外。
ophelia - polonius’s daughter, a beautiful young woman with whom hamlet has been in love. ophelia is a sweet and innocent young girl, who obeys her father and her brother, laertes. dependent on men to tell her how to behave, she gives in to polonius’s schemes（诡计） to spy（侦察） on hamlet. even in her lapse into（陷入） madness and death, she remains maiden, singing songs about flowers and finally drowning in the river。
欧菲莉 ophelia—— 波洛涅斯的女儿。她与哈姆雷特双双陷入爱河，但种种阻力警告王子，政治地位使他们无望结合。作为哈姆雷特疯狂复仇计划的一部分，她被他无情抛弃，加上父亲的死让她陷入精神错乱，最终失足落水溺毙。
ppt6: then let`s look at the character analysis of hamlet. hamlet pretended to be mad in order to revenge. he also use his intelligence to approve his uncle`s guilt.
when hamlet confirmed that claudius was guilt, he decided to revenge without fear. then he also use stratagem to make himself avoid being killed. all of these approved that he was brave and smart.
ppt7: he pursued ophelia and finally gave up because of the revenge. before he was fight with laertes, he said sorry to him. this indicates he was guilt and sorry for laertes because it was he that made laertes lose his father. these approved that he was a kind and sincere man.
ppt8:.....
ppt9: when we read the play, we can also easily feel the dilemma. just like the words “to be or not to be-that is the question”
ppt10:.....
ppt11:......
篇三：如何写好英文演讲稿
从很多方面来说，写演讲稿就像写论文，但演讲稿却没有像论文那般特别注重单词的拼写与标点的错误。写演讲稿的时候，不要用一些发音不顺畅或是你不明白意思的单词，因为会导致你的演讲不够流畅。
instructions 说明
how much time your speech should take. if you dont have a time limit, try to keep your speech brief yet informative.
估算自己演讲所需的时间。如果没有演讲上的时间限制，就尽量让你的演讲篇幅简短且内容丰富。
about your audience and let your perception of the audience shape the tone of your speech as you write it.
站在听众的角度多想想，当你撰写演讲稿时，你要让观众也能在演讲稿中切身体会你的演讲魅力。
with an introduction that establishes who you are, what your purpose is, what youll be talking about and how long youre going to take. you may want to include a joke, anecdote or interesting fact to grab the audiences attention.
先介绍自己，以表述演讲目的、演讲主题和演讲时长作为开端。在这段话中，你要说一个笑话、奇闻奇事或趣事来直接引起听众的`注意。
your information into three to seven main points and prioritize them according to importance and effectiveness.
用3-7条大纲组织演讲内容信息，并根据重要性和有效性分清要点主次。
5. points that arent crucial to your speech if you have too many for your time frame.
假如时间不允许，你可以删减一些演讲中不重要的点。
with your most important point, then go to your least important point and move slowly back toward the most important. for example, if you have five points with no. 5 being the most important and no. 1 being the least important, your presentation order would be
5-1-2-3-4. 从最重要的一点开始你的演讲，之后到次重要点，然后再慢慢回到最重要点上。例如，你的演讲稿中有5点要讲，第5点是其中的重中之重，而第1点是次重要点，你的演
讲顺序应为：51234。
support to each point using statistics, facts, examples, anecdotes, quotations or other supporting material.
借助图表、事实、例子、奇闻轶事、引文与其它材料作为演讲点的支撑部分。
your introduction, points and conclusions together with smooth transitions. 引言、演讲要点和结论连贯顺承地串在一起。
a conclusion that summarizes each of your points, restates your main purpose and leaves the audience with a lasting impression.用结论总结所有演讲点，重申主题，让观众留下最后的深刻印象。
英文的演讲稿篇四：三分钟英语励志演讲稿
Good afternoon ，ladies and gentlemen！
I'm very honored to stand here and give you a short speech! To begin with ,I want to ask a question .Does everybody dream a good dream last night?
Actually ,today I want to talk about dream with you. Of course, What I want to talk is not a dream you have last night,but a dream—— about life.
Everyone has dreams about life, different dreams at different life stage,and we need dreams to support us. Dreams are like the stars we never reach in the sky,but like most mariners（水手）,we can chart our course by them. With the dream,we have a direction,with a direction, we were no longer the dream, there is hope,With hope, we have the strength to fight.
But I know，life is tough,and there are always ups and downs, maybe we fail in the way to our aims,and we may feel depressed ,whenever at this time, the dream in our heart can always comfort us, encourage us ,and support us to move ahead . Young!Fortunately, I am young now. Just due to it, I know that nothing is firmly believe that nothing can stand in my way. If
I can't realize my dream,it result from that I haven't work harder enough and I won't find other excuses. If no people believe you, you can make it to prove that you are right. If you think the god haven't blessed you and there is no truth here, you can become the god and create the truth.
"My breath swallows the sky and make the yellow river overflow, my sword is famous in Kyushu and it can collapse the five sacred mountains." At some time in the past I also had am bitious words and I had some achievements. Each achievement results from my hard work. I always believe that "If you want to have more achievements than others, you must work harder."
In some extent, the dream is the hope. If you can insist on doing something, the victory will come.
Hold fast to dreams, for if dreams die, life is a broken-winged bird that cannot fly. Hold fast to dreams, for when dreams go, life is a barren field frozen with snow. So my dear friends, think of your old and maybe dead dreams. Whatever it is, pick it up and make it alive from today. Let's--- move ----out! Thank you for your listening!
With the development of science and technology, people's lives have been greatly changed. There is no doubt that we benefit a lot from the scientific advancements in many different ways. For instance, the invention of computers dramatically increases work efficiency and helps complete many difficult tasks that were impossible in the past. Apart from this, new discoveries and technology in medicine improve people's health, which allows them to enjoy a longer life. The progress of science also enlarges human's ablilities to explore the world around them, from up into space to deep under the sea. Thanks to the development of science and technology, human society has enjoyed continuous prosperity and more convenience. However, just like a double-edged sword, science can cause problems too. It is known to all that the nuclear power, an environmentally friendly source of energy, can also be developed into a weapon of mass destruction. In addition, human cloning, which is expected to cure many serious diseases and save lives, may bring disasters of social morality. As a matter of fact, most of the improvements in science are made at the cost of our precious natural resources and have done great harm to the environment where we live in. Therefore, how to deal with the progress of science and technology properly is worth our careful consideration.
How Does Technology Influence Our Lives?科技怎么影响我们的生活？ Whether one is willing or not, he can not deny that endless innovations of technology are constantly changing our lives. Appatently, not everyone is optimistic about the trend, but there are unquestionable positive aspects of it.（我们不能否认科技在改变我们的生活。不是每个人都对未来乐观，但是毫无疑问，科技是有利） To the senior in the society, health and security are the most concerned issues. （健康和安全是最关心的问题）Today, thanks to the growing process in medicine field, the life span and quality have been greatly enhanced. （感谢医疗的进步，寿命和生活质量提高了）Old people are becoming increasingly energetic and rigorous. （老人精力充沛）Besides, technology also ensures the security of those old people who live separately from their offspring gimmicks such as auto-alarming bell free them from the worries about possible gas release or theft. To the young, the startling advances in application technology enable them to work and live more comfortably.（对年轻人来说，科技让他们工作生活的更舒适） Automation the computer-controlled system, along with assembly lines and robots not only cuts down the prices by mass production,but also frees people from dangerous and tiring working conditions. After work, benefiting from all the conveniences provided by such handy appliances as microwave ovens, washing machines, or automobiles, people enjoy a lot more leisure time and feel more relaxed. As to children, they benefit most from the boom of information technology. For decades, computers and communication systems processed information only for selected audiences. Now,the development of technology makes everyone, including children, to get cheap information. Exposed to this from the early age, today's children learn by trial and error how to collect and process information into useful knowledge at a fast pace. What's more, through Internet and telecommunication, the children are closely connected with the outside world and are likely to be more competitive and creative than their older generations. It might be because new technology is booming out at such a fantastic speed that many people aren't feeling at ease with , it does aim at making our lives more convenient and comfortable. My opinion is that wait indulgently for technology to perfect itself, try it voluntarily, and the world is certain to be much better than ever.麻烦采纳，谢谢!
《英文科技论文写作与学术报告 - 清华大学》百度网盘免费资源下载
链接:
英文科技论文写作与学术报告 - 清华大学| Lecture 3 - Part | Lecture 3 - Part | Lecture 3 - Part | Lecture 2 - Part | Lecture 2 - Part | Lecture 2 - Part | Lecture 1 - Part | Lecture 1 - Part | Lecture 4 - Part | Lecture 4 - Part | Lecture 4 - Part | Lecture 1 - Part | Summary by| Summary by
亲～采纳哦以智能智能手机为主题的演讲稿Ladies and Gentlemen , Good afternoon! I’m very glad to stand here and give you a short speech. Today my topicr is “smart phone”. I hope you will like it , and found the importance in your life so that more cherish it. So you would find smart phones can provide music, movie times, bus schedules. They can even make phone calls! And now, they might help cut down fuel use while driving. That is, if enough are used in a system called SignalGuru developed by researchers at MIT and Princeton.智能手机有放音乐，播电影和汽车时刻表的功能。当然，他们是可以打电话的。现在，他们可以帮助开车时减少燃料的使用。这就是一种名为SignalGuru系统，由麻省理工和普林斯顿的专家设计。A network of smartphones mounted on vehicle dashboards captures and transmits images of traffic signals. The SignalGuru software then analyzes the data to predict traffic signal patterns. If the light ahead is red, the driver is told the optimal speed to avoid stopping and idling. Or told to make a slight route change that avoids a stop. Because idling and accelerating significantly increase fuel consumption.安装在仪表盘上智能手机的网络可以捕捉和传送交通信号的图像。SignalGuru程序分析数据，估算出信号变化的时间。如果信号灯是红的，系统会提供给司机一个理想的速度，避免急刹和等待绿灯。或者系统稍微改动一下路线来避免等待绿灯。因为等待绿灯和加速都会大大增加燃料的消耗。The system was tested in Cambridge, Massachusetts, where traffic lights are on a set pattern, and in Singapore, where signals respond to traffic flow. Drivers slashed their fuel use by about 20 percent on average. The study won a best-paper award at the Association for Computing Machinery’s MobiSys Conference.马萨诸塞州，剑桥和新加坡测试了这个系统，除新加坡外，其他地方的红绿灯都有固定的时间间隔。新加坡的信号灯是随着交通流量变化的。测试中的驾驶者的燃料使用量下降了20%。这项研究在“自动控制移动机械系统”联合会会议上获得了最佳论文奖。The researchers say the platform could work for a variety of driving tips—prices at gas stations, or parking availability. And a bonus: with the phone mounted on the dashboard, you can’t text and drive.研究者还提到这个平台可以提供更多的驾驶信息——油站的价格，或者车位信息。但是，这些优势都有一个附赠品——你不能用仪表盘上的手机发短信，和专心开车。
演讲稿的内容要根据具体情境、具体场合来确定，要求情感真实，尊重观众。在快速变化和不断变革的新时代，接触并使用演讲稿的人越来越多，那要怎么写好演讲稿呢？以下是我帮大家整理的科技创新演讲稿4篇，仅供参考，欢迎大家阅读。
尊敬的各位领导，老师，亲爱的同学们：
大家好！
创新之路 吾将上下而求索！
从小，我就是个对任何事物都怀有强烈好奇心的孩子，当我得知东方魔稻惠及几亿人民，当我看到神舟飞船直冲云霄，我便产生了对于科技创新的无限向往。进入学校以来，学校浓浓的科技教育氛围给了我解决困惑的机会，我渐渐爱上了科技创新。
我也曾心生困惑，创新究竟是什么？我应该如何创新？我反复问自己，反复思考。我感到科技创新像雾里看花，空中楼阁，不可捉摸。在思考的过程中，我想起看过的一档名叫《异想天开》的电视栏目，专门播出青少年制作的创新发明。我至今还对那个把小风扇安装在筷子上，用来给热面条降温的创意记忆深刻。在上数学课时，老师鼓励我们用多种不同方法解同一道数学题，我喜欢解几何题时，尝试添加不同的辅助线；我喜欢学习化学，尤其喜欢做试验，因为在实验中我会发现世界是如此奇妙。突然，我好像感悟到了什么，也许我给了创新过深的含义，创新并不是一项深不可测的领域，创新其实就是发现创造价值的新方法，创新是可以溶入我们的日常生活的。虽然发明家不是人人可当，但是科技创新应该是每个人都拥有的能力。
八年级时，我们开始接触物理学，那可真是令我大开眼界。其中，我对电磁学产生了浓厚的兴趣，经过反复琢磨，多次论证，自己撰写篇《电磁跑道》的科技小论文，并因此而获奖。心血来潮，让我初尝科技创新的快乐。之后，我的创新热情进一步高涨，《电磁式“内燃机”》，《火车发电设想》，《树干为什么是圆的》这些科技论文陆续参与科技论文比赛的征文。同时我也喜欢进行小制作，这些小制作可以便利生活，营造乐趣，我相信“小想法”将成就“大作为”。
今天的我们，虽然时时刻刻享受着发明，却仍然对发明充满陌生。有职业的教师和科学家，却没有“发明”这种职业，没有人为发明家付薪水。世界因为发明而辉煌，而发明家个体常常寂寞地在逆境中奋斗。他们经历着科学技术攻关上的艰难攀登，经历着成果开发上的艰苦跋涉，他们是一个在为社会进步而奋斗着的群体，他们是伟大，无私的，我立志也要成为一名伟大的发明家，让我更多的幻想变成现实，让科技服务于人民。
这个科技迅猛发展的时代是属于我们广大青少年的，面对广阔的明天，我们应当努力学习先进的科学文化知识，提高科学素质和创新能力，打破思想的禁锢，冲破习惯势力的束缚，在世俗中发现新大陆，为社会主义的四个现代化建设作出贡献。 我相信只要我们用心，我们就能不断创新。创新，从身边做起，在科技创新之路上，吾将上下而求索。
同志们：
我矿第三次科技创新大会，经过全体与会人员的共同努力，圆满完成了预定的各项议程，现在就要结束了。这次大会开得非常成功，会上，听取了杨矿长所作的科技工作报告，表彰奖励了一批科技进步成果，科技管理先进单位和优秀科技工作者。对这次会议的召开，集团公司非常重视，**等领导专程莅临大会指导，并作了重要讲话，在此，我代表矿党委对集团公司领导的到来表示衷心的感谢！向受到表彰的先进单位和个人表示热烈祝贺！ 关于我矿下步科技工作目标、任务，杨矿长在报告中作了全面安排，下面，我就如何把科技兴矿战略落到时处，再提几点要求：
一、提高认识、高度重视，努力营造“科学技术是第一生产力”的浓厚氛围
二、明确主题、致力创新，推动科技工作健康发展
科技作为第一生产力，其立足点和基本点就是与经济建设紧密结合，为经济建设服务。离开了为经济建设服务这个主题，科技工作就会成为无源之水、无本之木。当前，在科技发展过程中，一定要面向经济建设，在经济建设的主战场上发挥作用，提高水平，防止和克服“科技经济两张皮”的倾向，特别是注意科技成果向现实生产力的转化。因此，希望我们广大科技工作者，要增强责任感、紧迫感，发挥积极性、创造性，为实现高速度、超常规、跨越式发展提供智力支持和科技保证。要以加快发展为目标，坚持科技兴矿，努力提高技术创新能力，加快技术进步步伐。要引进和采用先进实用技术，提高技术改造，提高技术装备水平，提高各类产品的技术含量。当前我们科技工作要把重点和主攻方向放在以下四个方面：一是要推动安全生产。安全是煤矿的永恒主题，是提高经济效益和保持稳定的基础。要从新技术、新工艺和新装配等各个方面，研究搞好安全生产的方法，要健全矿井综合管理信息网络和安全生产监控系统，特别是对五大灾害等重大隐患进行有效预防和控制，从技术上为杜绝各类事故提供保障。二是要推动煤炭生产的高产高效，努力降低成本，提高单产单进水平。在这方面我们要依靠科技进步，千方百计改进采掘工艺，优化工程设计，加大技术投入，推广应用先进技术，改进技术装配，加快重点工程建设步伐，提高单产单进水平，努力向高产高效矿井迈进。三是要推动非煤产业的发展，为培育新的经济增长点发挥应有的作用。随着煤炭主业的逐步萎缩，非煤产业的位置越来越重要。今年以来，我们积极构建“大非煤”格局，新上了热电厂和络合钙两个大项目，这两个项目都被集团公司列为重点工程，可以说是前景十分看好，但是目前的状况与先进单位相比，我们矿的非煤产业还相当落后，缺乏高科技、高附加值的拳头产品，、既使在本矿区市场占有绝对优势的产品也是少而又少。这种境况不仅影响了就业问题，而且制约着我矿的发展，我希望我们的各级领导干部和广大科技工作者和抓非煤产业的同志，能够充分认识发展非煤产业的重要性，以“为官一任、造福一方”的高度使命感，牢牢抓住当前的战略机遇期，加快非煤产业发展步伐，抓好项目的调研和技术的开发、引进，用发展来壮大整体经济规模,提高核心竞争能力，使非煤产业有一个大的飞跃，真正支撑起我矿的半壁江山。四是要把科技开发和人才开发放在同等重要的位置，对科技队伍要倍加爱护，大力培养，充分发挥其整体效能和每个人的作用。科技工作者要政治坚定，树立正确的世界观、人生观和价值观，坚持真理、诚实劳动。要进一步解放思想，摆脱一切影响科技发展的陈旧观念的束缚，树立敢于创新、敢为人先的思想，做到观念上先人一步，思路上高人一招，举措上胜人一筹，只要符合“三个有利于”的标准，有利于发展生产，提高效益，就要大胆地闯，大胆地试，大胆地干，要以振兴我矿为己任，发扬无私奉献和爱岗敬业精神，积极投身于经济建设之中，立足实际，面向生产，围绕提高经济效益，在科技工作的基础性、实用性、应用性上下功夫，努力在煤炭生产建设中多出成果、出好成果。
三、加强领导，健全制度，进一步调动广大科技工作者的积极性和创造性
全矿各级领导干部高度重视科技工作，当作大事来抓，做到党政工团齐抓共管，要围绕我矿制订的科技规划，不断加强对科技工作的领导和支持。一是要完善技术创新体系，借鉴兄弟单位的经验，探索建立适应市场经济要求的技术创新体系和有效的运行机制，推动技术创新、体制创新与管理创新的结合，以便于集中企业科技工作的优势兵力，充分利用已经积累的科技经验，解决影响企业发展的高难度问题。二是要保证必要的投入。没有大科技投入就不可能有大科技产出。要在企业资金紧张的情况下，立足自我发展，多方筹集资金，最大可能地保证科技工作的资金投入。三是要强化目标管理，完善考核、分配制度，形成高效灵活的竞争激励机制。为了调动科技工作者的积极性，必须强化目标管理，实行严格的考核。根据科研开发的需要，我可以实行技术项目负责人制，对每一个科技项目有可能产生的经济效益进行全面调研、论证、评估并给予一定的调研开发资金，做到政策上支持，环境上宽松，资金上倾斜。项目研究成功，给予重奖，使科研人员有压力、有动力、有干劲。四是各级党政工团组织都要做科技事业的热心人、科技人员的贴心人，对科技人员政治上关心、工作上支持、生活上照顾、业务上培养。要做好广大科技人员的思想政治工作，以事业吸引人、以环境挽留人、以机制激励人的工作，切实调动广大科技人员的积极性，使他们成为促进企业生产发展的最有生机的力量。
同志们，我们召开这次大会，是大力实施“科技兴矿”战略，努力推进我矿跨越式发展的具体体现。我们坚信通过今天的大会，必将把***煤矿科技工作推向一个新水平。同时也希望全矿各级领导、广大科技人员和广大职工要认清形势、明确任务、扎实工作、奋发有为，为推进我矿科技进步和安全生产稳定健康发展做出积极的贡献！
谢谢大家！
各位领导、各位同事：
大家好！
一个企业的发展亦与创新息息相关，无数事实证明任何一个企业的领导者只 二、一个良好的机制是确保企业发展的'基础
科技创新既然是作为即将进入2l世纪的主 四、创新工作方法的探讨
研讨科技创新的工作方法是每一个单位极需了解的，创新本身是一种开拓，其方法本身就是一个创新过程，然而不断总结和探索创新的方法是会有利于创新工作的深入展开，这里仅谈谈个人的一些肤浅的想法。
1.善于总结，不断提高。创新往往是在原有的基础上有所新的发展、发明、提高。因此对现有的科技基础不能忽略，要养成一个良好的习惯，不断总结已有成果，然而不能墨守成规，在总结基础上提出新的设想，新的建议，以利把原有的水平向上提高。
2.超常思考，不断开拓。创新在某种意义上讲要有科学幻想头脑，要具有超常规想法不断开拓的思想才能不断使创新达到新的境界。
3.博采众长，善于运用。创新本身要充分运用已获得的成功经验，因此横向之间，上下之间要多通气，多了解情况，充分利用已获得的成功经验，认真研究别人、别单位已取得的成果，勇于提高自己，扩展创新的思路。
五、高度重视人的创造力
首先要善于发现和培养创新人才，有独创性的人往往脑子灵活，转弯快，不循规蹈矩，作为领导，尤其是人事部门的人更要注意到这一点，应不拘一格选人才。人的才能不可能一下从天上掉下来，在企业内，要不断组织学习和进行培养。
第二，要善于运用好总结表彰的手段，对有创造力的同志要不惜重金聘用，对有成果的同志要不惜重金表彰，使之不断开拓，为企业更快更好更多地创造更新的产品。
第三，广开才路，不断引进人才。在外资企业、合资企业、独资企业中十分注重从企业界中引进经过三、五年工作锻炼，具有一定实践经验，又有相当理论水平的青年人才。
尊敬的各位老师、亲爱的同学们：
大家好！
我今天演讲的题目是《科技创新助我成就梦想》。
夸父逐日的故事，你们知道吗？那是对光明的探索；精卫填海的神话，你们听过吗？那是高峡出平湖的渴望。上下五千年，纵横九万里。我们的祖先从未放弃对未知的追寻，对科技的探索。
我们有伟大的四大发明，我们有伟大的数学家祖冲之，我们有伟大的科学家张衡，我们有伟大的航海家郑和，我们曾经骄傲地领先世界两千年，这是源于什么呢？是他们对科技的不断探索与创新。但是我们也曾经落后世界一个世纪。我们的四大发明成就了西方列强的坚船利炮，他们，用我们自己的发明击穿了中国破败的大门。历史一次又一次的证明，落后就要挨打。于是我们低下骄傲的头，我们卧薪尝胆，我们披荆斩棘，我们用自己的土作坊造出了原子弹、氢弹，在遥远的太空也能听到中国的“东方红”，嫦娥一号奔月了，神六、神七、神八发射成功了，我们的科技奥运实现了。我们的中国进步了，发展了，富强了，我们中华民族强大起来了。
现在我们的生活中出现了一样不可缺少的随身物品——手机。大人们用上了带有音乐、蓝牙、摄像等功能的先进手机，连小孩也用上了低辐射、实用型的“学生专用机”了。有一次，我的书本落在了家里，眼看就要上课，回家拿是来不及了，在这个节骨眼上我想起了我的救星——手机！我用它联络了家人，解决了这个燃眉之急。我庆幸生活在这个高科技的时代。听长辈们说，他们那时候用信件联系，到达对方的手里少说也要十天八天，再“急”的事也变得“不急”了。那个年代里，最快的也就是发“电报”了。后来，到了“电话”时代，通讯就方便多了。如今，网络时代，消息传播速度更快，人们不管大小事情，只要一上网，就能把事情说得明明白白。这不正是科技创新在生活中最有利的体现吗？没有科技创新就没有发展。
同学们，时代告诉我们，祖国需要有知识、有文化的接班人。我们应该奋发图强，好好学习知识，将来做一个对国家有用的人才，把祖国建设得更加繁荣富强。
谢谢大家，我的演讲到此结束！
My definition of success Today I am very glad to be here to share with you my ideas of success. What is success? It is what everyone is longing success would be rather simple. Winning a game is success; getting a high grade in the exam is success; making a new friend is success; even now I am standing here giving my speech is somehow also success. However, as a person’s whole life is concerned, success becomes very complicated. Is fortune success? Is fame success? Is high social status success? No, I don’t think so. I believe success is the realization of people’ s hopes and , in the modern society there are many people who are regarded as the successful. And the most obvious characteristics of hem are money, high position and luxurious life. So most people believe that s success and all that they do is for this purpose. But the problem is wether it is real success. We all know there are always more money, higher position and better condition in front of us. If we keep chasing them, where is the end? What will satisfy us at last? Therefore, we can see, to get the real Success we must need something inside, which is the realization of people’ hopes and ideals. Different people have different ideas about success; cause people’s hopes and ideas vary from one another. But I am sure every success is dear to everybody, cause it is not easy to come by, cause in the process of our striving for success, we got both our body and soul tempted, meanwhile we are enlightened by the most valuable qualities of human beings: love, patient, courage and sense of responsibility. These are the best treasures. So now I am very proud that I have this opportunity to stand here speaking to all of you. It is my success, cause I raise up to challenge my hope. What is success? Everyone has his own interpretation as I do. But I am sure every success leads to an ever-brighter future. So ladies and gentlemen, believe in our hopes, believe in ourselves, we, every one of us, can make a successful life! Wish you all good success! 这个行吗？
同学们：当你们看着可爱的动画片，玩着迷人的电脑游戏，坐上快速的列车，接听着越洋电话的时候，……你可曾意识到科学的力量，科学不仅改变了这个世界，也改变了我们的生活，科学就在我们身边。翻开20世纪的壮丽篇章，我们发现人类在这百年中不仅经历了血与火的洗礼，更创造了无数科学奇迹。19世纪法国著名科幻小说家凡尔纳的虚构，当时让人不可思议，他所幻想的登月旅行、飞机、远射程炮等，在20世纪都一一成为现实。在21世纪的今天，高科技更是无处不在。作为跨世纪的一代，我们又该以怎样的姿态去适应新世纪，担起新世纪的重担呢？ 科学技术的日新月异，使得科学不只为尖端技术服务，也越来越多地渗透到我们的日常生活之中，这就需要正处于青少年时代的我们热爱科学，学习科学。参加科技“五小”比赛、阅读科技书籍，使我明白了许多道理。精密的机器人，不用燃料的汽车，虚拟的足球赛，高科技信息的传送等等，一个个生动有趣的现象，激起了我探索科学的愿望。我们每个人都要学习科学，传播文明，在享受新生活的同时，更要创造新生活，如今，科技产品的更新换代不断加快，可视电视、电脑上网、心脏起搏器，已经不算新鲜了。从1901年发明的真空吸尘器，到人造地球卫星、载人宇宙飞船，科技在不同领域里显示出了强大的力量。电子产业、通讯技术的日益普及，纳米技术、超导材料的广泛应用，不久的一天，也许就在你的餐桌上，会出现像太空青椒、人造牛排等生物工程食品。学习科学技术，不仅仅是为了成为科学家，也是为了能适应生活，更为了能成为新世纪的主人，担起新世纪，为国家建设，为人类文明做出贡献。新中国成立以来，我国的科技发展突飞猛进，人工合成胰岛素、断手再植、杂交水稻、爆炸原子弹和氢弹、发射人造卫星和飞船等等，这些令世人瞩目的科技成就，大大缩短了我国和先进国家的科学技术的差距，为我国的现代化建设注入了活力。邓小平爷爷说“科学技术是第一生产力”，的确如此，科学为我们祖国的腾飞插上了翅膀。毛泽东主席曾对青年说，世界是你们的，也是我们的，但归根结底是你们的。这句话，饱含了长辈们对我们的殷切期望。如果说长辈们用辛勤的劳动建设了20世纪的祖国，那么，我们就应该以知识、以科学担起新世纪的重担。同学们，我们正处于成长发育阶段，学习科学，让我们从小做起。我们要努力学好各种文化课，因为这是一切学习的基础；同时，对各种适合我们小学生看的科普书籍、报刊，最好在课余多阅读一些；还应该积极动手搞各种科学小实验、小制作，写科学小论文等，培养对科学的兴趣。长此下去，我们一定能够热爱科学，拥有丰富的科学知识。 人类的智慧是无限的，无论是美国的挑战者号爆炸，还是全球计算机病毒的升级，从来都不能阻止人类的科技进步。“知识就是力量”，培根这句脍炙人口的格言不知激励了多少渴求知识的人。如今，让我们也用它来勉励自己，做一个热爱科学的新一代，担起新世纪的重任，为我们祖国的明天，谱写出更加辉煌的诗篇！谢谢大家。When you look the lovable animated cartoon, plays is in a stew human's computer games, rides the fast train, is answering transoceanic telephone time, ......Not only your might once realize the science the strength, the science changed this world, also changed our life, the science side for the 20th century the grand chapters, not only we discovered the humanity to experience the blood and the fire baptism in these hundred years, has created the innumerable scientific miracles. 19th century France famous science fiction writer of fiction Verne fictionalizing, at that time let the human be inconceivable, he fantasized moon landing travel, the airplane, the long-range gun and so on, all 11 became the reality in the 20th century. In the 21st century today, the high tech is cross-century one generation, how posture should we adapt the new century by, the load get up the new century heavy burden? Not only science and technology changing with each new day, causes the science to serve for the most advanced technique, also more and more many seeps to during ours daily life, this needs us who is in the young people time to deeply love the science, the study science. Participation science and technology “five small” competition, reading science and technology books, caused me to understand many truths. The precise robot, does not use the fuel the automobile, the hypothesized soccer game, high tech information transmission and so on, each one vivid interesting phenomena, aroused me to explore the science the each people all want to study the science, the dissemination civilization, while enjoys the new life, must create the new life, now, the technical product renewal speeds up unceasingly, the visible television, the computer surfer, the pacemaker, already did not calculate was fresh. Vacuum cleaner invented which from 1901, to the artificial earth satellite, carried the human spaceship, the science and technology demonstrates the formidable strength in the different domain. Electronic industry, communication technology daily popularization, nanotechnology, superconductivity material widespread application, soon one day, perhaps in yours dinner table, can appear likely bio-engineering foods and so on outer space green pepper, man-made beefsteak. Studies the science and technology, is not merely in order to become the scientist, also is for can adapt the life, more has been able to become the new century the master, the load gets up the new century, is the national construction, makes the contribution for the human new China had been established, our country's technical development progresses by leaps and bounds, the synthesized insulin, finishes a job plants, the hybrid rice again, explodes atomic bomb and hydrogen bomb, launch satellite and airship and so on, these technical achievement which focuses attention on the common people, reduced our country and the advanced countries science and technology disparity greatly, has poured into the vigor for our country's modernization. Grandpa Deng Xiaoping said “the science and technology is the first productive forces”, indeed so, the science has inserted the wing for our motherland soaring. Chairman Mao Zedong once said to the youth that, the world was you, also is we, but is your in the final analysis. This speech, has been full of the elders to our earnest expectation. If the elders have constructed the 20th century motherlands with the industrious work, that, we should by the knowledge, get up the new century heavy burden by the scientific , we are being at the growth developmental stage, the study science, lets us start since childhood. We must learn each kind of literacy class diligently, because this is all study foundation; At the same time, to each kind the popular science books, the publication which suits our elementary student to look, should better read some in the after school; Also should begin to do each science small experiment, the small manufacture positively, writes the science small paper and so on, raises to the science interest. Long this gets down, we can certainly deeply love the science, has the rich scientific knowledge. Humanity's wisdom is infinite, regardless of is US's Challenger number detonation, the whole world computer virus' promotion, always all cannot prevent humanity's advance in technology. “The knowledge is the strength”, Bacon this sentence enjoys great popularity the maxim did not know had driven how many earnestly seeks the knowledge human. Now, lets us also use it to encourage oneself, makes one to deeply love the science the new generation, the load gets up the new century heavy responsibility, for our motherland tomorrow, will compose a more magnificent poem!Thanks everybody.给点分好不好
亲～采纳哦以智能智能手机为主题的演讲稿Ladies and Gentlemen , Good afternoon! I’m very glad to stand here and give you a short speech. Today my topicr is “smart phone”. I hope you will like it , and found the importance in your life so that more cherish it. So you would find smart phones can provide music, movie times, bus schedules. They can even make phone calls! And now, they might help cut down fuel use while driving. That is, if enough are used in a system called SignalGuru developed by researchers at MIT and Princeton.智能手机有放音乐，播电影和汽车时刻表的功能。当然，他们是可以打电话的。现在，他们可以帮助开车时减少燃料的使用。这就是一种名为SignalGuru系统，由麻省理工和普林斯顿的专家设计。A network of smartphones mounted on vehicle dashboards captures and transmits images of traffic signals. The SignalGuru software then analyzes the data to predict traffic signal patterns. If the light ahead is red, the driver is told the optimal speed to avoid stopping and idling. Or told to make a slight route change that avoids a stop. Because idling and accelerating significantly increase fuel consumption.安装在仪表盘上智能手机的网络可以捕捉和传送交通信号的图像。SignalGuru程序分析数据，估算出信号变化的时间。如果信号灯是红的，系统会提供给司机一个理想的速度，避免急刹和等待绿灯。或者系统稍微改动一下路线来避免等待绿灯。因为等待绿灯和加速都会大大增加燃料的消耗。The system was tested in Cambridge, Massachusetts, where traffic lights are on a set pattern, and in Singapore, where signals respond to traffic flow. Drivers slashed their fuel use by about 20 percent on average. The study won a best-paper award at the Association for Computing Machinery’s MobiSys Conference.马萨诸塞州，剑桥和新加坡测试了这个系统，除新加坡外，其他地方的红绿灯都有固定的时间间隔。新加坡的信号灯是随着交通流量变化的。测试中的驾驶者的燃料使用量下降了20%。这项研究在“自动控制移动机械系统”联合会会议上获得了最佳论文奖。The researchers say the platform could work for a variety of driving tips—prices at gas stations, or parking availability. And a bonus: with the phone mounted on the dashboard, you can’t text and drive.研究者还提到这个平台可以提供更多的驾驶信息——油站的价格，或者车位信息。但是，这些优势都有一个附赠品——你不能用仪表盘上的手机发短信，和专心开车。