ards毕业论文

世界卫生组织是这样命名的：病毒名称：SARS-COVID-2;疾病名称：COVID-19。，新型肺炎或新冠肺炎都不十分准确，准确的应该是COVID-19。全称是coronavirusdiseaseof2019。保留黑体部分就是COVID-19；翻译成中文应该是“2019年冠状病毒疾病”。这就如同医学术语ARDS(AcuteRespiratoryDepressSyndrome),简称呼吸衰竭。ARDS是症状，无论是SARS，还是COVID-19,还是感冒，都可能发展到ARDS而被送进ICU并进行氧气支持。

, D.; Wang, Y. Novel antitumor organophosphates. The Cancer Bulletin Vol. 37, . 167, , M.; Andersson, B. S.; Wang, Y.; McCredie, K. B.; Farquhar, D. The effects of acetalaldophosphamide, a novel stable aldophosphamide analogue, on normal hu-man and leukemic progenitor cells in vitro: Implications for use in bone marrow purg-ing. Cancer Res. 48, 339, , B. S.; Wang, Y.; Farquhar, D. Stablein vitro active aldophosphamide acetals for bone marrow purging. Autologous Bone Marrow Transplantation, in pro-ceedings of the fourth international symposium. , B. S.; Wang, Y.; McCredie, K. B.; Farquhar, D. Suitability of a new stable acetal analogue of aldoifosphamide for purging leukemic cells from human bon-e marrow. Leukemia 6, 435, , Y.; Farquhar, D. Aldophosphamide acetal diacetate and structural analogu-es: synthesis and cytotoxicity studies. J. Med. Chem. 34, 197, , Y.; Liu, M. C.; Lin, T. S.; Sartorelli, A. C. Synthesis and biological evaluat-ion of novel antitumor 3- and 5-hydroxy-4-methyl-2-formylpyridine thiosemicarba-zones and their iron-chelates. J. Med. Chem. 35, 3667, , Y.; Lown, J. L. An alternative method for synthesis of the CC-1065 pharm-acophore, 1,2,7,7a-tetrahydrocyclopropa[1,2-c]indol-4-one (CI). Heterocycl-es 36, 1399, , Y.; Gupta, R.; Huang, L.; Lown, J. W. Synthesis and antitumor activity of CC-1065 functional analogues possessing different electron-withdrawing substitue-nts and leaving groups. J. Med. Chem. 36, 4172, , Y.; Huang, L.; Wright, S. C.; Larrick, J. W. Synthesis and antitumor activ-ity studies of doxorubicin and DNA-minor groove binding oligopeptide conjuga-tes. Gene 149, 63, , N. L.; Wang, Y.; Pon, R, T.; Wylie, W. A.; Lown, J. W. Characterization of a CPI-Lexitropsin Conjugate: Oligonucleotide covalent complex by 1H NMR and re-strained molecular dynamics simulation. J. Amer. Chem. Soc. 117, 8917, , Y.; Gupta, R.; Huang, L.; Luo, W.; Lown, J. W. Design, synthesis, cyto-toxic properties and preliminary DNA sequencing evaluation of CPI-N-methy-lpyrrole hybrids. Enhancing effect of a trans double bond linker and role of the terminal amide functionality on cytotoxic potency. Anti-Cancer Drug Design 11, 15, , S. C.; Schellenberger, U.; Wang, H.; Wang, Y.; Kinder, D. H. Chemother-apeutic drug activation of the AP24 protease in apoptosis: Requirement for caspase 3-like proteases. Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 245, 797, , Y.; Yuan, H.; Ye, W.; Wang, H.; Wright, S. C.; Larrick, J. W. Synthesis and pre-liminary biological evaluations of CC-1065 analogs: effects of different link-ers and terminal amides on biological activity. J. Med. Chem. 43, 1541. , Y.; Yuan, H.; Wright, S. C.; Wang, H.; Larrick, J. W. Synthesis and pre-liminary cytotoxicity study of a cephalosporin-CC-1065 analogue. BMC Chemical Biology 1, 4, , Y.; Yuan, H.; Wright, S. C.; Wang, H.; Larrick, J. W. Synthesis and cyto-toxicity of a biotinylated CC-1065 analogue. BMC Chemical Biology 2, 1. , Y.; Wright, S. C.; Larrick, J. W. Synthesis and cytotoxicity of nitrogen mustard derivatives of distamycin A. Bioorg. Med. Chem. Lett. 13, 461, , Y.; Ye, W.; Li, L.; Tian, Z.; Jiang, W.; Wang, H.; Wright, S. C.; Larrick, J. W. CC-1065 analogues bearing different DNA-binding subunits: synthesis, antitumor activity and preliminary toxicity study. J. Med. Chem. 46, 634, , Y.; Yuan, H.; Wang, H.; Wright, S. C.; Larrick, J. W. Synthesis and pre-liminary cytotoxicity study of glucuronide derivatives of CC-1065 analogues. Bioorg. Med. Chem. 11, 1569, , X.; Wang, Y.; Zheng, C. Isolation and purification of honokiol and magno-lol from Cortex Magnoliae Officinalis by high-speed counter-current chromatogra-phy. J. Chromatography A., 1036, 171, , X.; Wang, Y.; Yuan, J.; Sun, Q.; Liu, J.; Zheng, C. An efficient new me-thod for extraction, separation and purification of psoralen and isopsoralen from Fructus Psoraleae by supercritical fluid extraction and high-speed counter-current chromatography. J. Chromatography A, 1055, 135, , Y.; Li, L.; Jiang, W.; Larrick, J. W. Synthesis and evaluation of a DHA and 10-hydroxcamptothecin conjugate. Bioorg. Med. Chem. 13, 5592–5599, , Y.; Li, L.; Jiang, W.; Yang, Z.; Zhang, Z. Synthesis and preliminary anti-tumor activity evaluation of a DHA and doxorubicin conjugate. Bioorg. Med. Chem. Lett. 16， 2974–2977，2006. , Y.; Li, L.; Tian, Z.; Jiang, W.; Larrick, J. W. Synthesis and antitumor act-ivity of CBI-bearing ester and carbamate prodrugs of CC-1065 analogue. Bioorg. Med. Chem. 14, 7854–7861, , Y.; Eu, J.; Washburn, M.; Gong, T.; Chen, H. S. V.; Larrick, J. W.; Lipton, S. A.; Stamler, J, S.; Went, G. T.; Porter, S. The Pharmacology of Aminoadamantane nitrates. Curr. Alzheimer Res. 3, 201–204, , Y., Yang, Z.; Wright, S. C.; Larrick, J. W. Synthesis and preliminary anti-tumor activity of distamycin nitrogen mustards. Lett. Drug Design and Discov. 4, 37–39, , X. B.; Zhang, H.; Wang, Y. HPLC determination of andrographolide in rat whole blood: study on the pharmacokinetics of andrographolide incorporated in lipo-somes and Chromatogr. 21, 730–734, , X. B.; Deng, Y. J.; Zhang, H.; Wang, Y. Degradation kinetics of waterinsol-uble lauroyl-indapamide in aqueous solutions: prediction of the stabilities of the drug in liposomes. Arch Pharm , 876–883, 2007. , Y.; Jiang, J.; Jiang, X.; Cai, S.; Han, H.; Li, L.; Tian, T.; Jiang, W.; Zhang, Z.; Xiao, Y.; Wei Wright, S. C.; Larrick, J. W. Synthesis and antitumor activ-ity eva-luations of albumin-binding prodrugs of CC-1065 analogue. Bioorg. Med. Chem. 16, 6552–6559, , Y.; Jiang, J.; Zhang, Z.; Yu, P.; Wang, L.; Xu, C.; Liu, W.; Wang, Y. Anti-oxidative and thrombolytic TMP nitrone for treatment of ischemic stroke. Bioorg. Med. Chem. 16, 8868–8874, , W-M.; Cheng, C.; Li, B-Z.; Ho, T-L.; Cai, Z-S.; Wang, Y.; Sun, P-H. Py-ridine-4-thiol and amphoteric analogs: novel Pprotection of aryl bromides in strong alkali. Helvetica Chimica Acta. 91, 2062–2068, , J-L.; Li, B-Z.; Chen, W-M.; Sun, P-H.; Wang, Y. Synthesis of substituted 1H-pyrrol-2(5H)-ones and 2(5H)-furanones as inhibitors of P. aeruginosa biofilm. Lett. Drug Design and Discov. 6, 107–113, , X.; Yu, P.; Jiang, J.; Zhang, Z.; Wang, Z.; Yang, Z.; Tian, Z.; Wright, S. C.; Larrick, J. W.; Wang, Y. Synthesis and evaluation of antibacterial activities of andrographolide analogues. Eur. J. Med. Chem. 44, 2936–2943, , J-X.; Xue, H-J.; Ye, W-C.; Fang, B-H., Liu, Y-H., Yuan, S-H., Yu, P.; Wang, Y. Activity of andrographolide and its derivatives against influenza virus in vivo and in vitro. Biol. Pharm. Bull. 32, 1385–1391, , Z.; Jiang, J.; Pei, Y.; Zeng, X.; Wang, Z.; Larrick, J. W.; Wang, and beta cell protective andrographolide analogue for diabetes treat-ment. J. Translational Med. 7:62, , J.; Huang, S.; Luo, H.; Li, G.; Bao, J.; Cai, S.; Wang, Y. QSAR studies on andrographolide derivatives as α-glucosidase inhibitors. Int. J. Mol. Sci. 11, 880–895, , Z.; Yu, P.; Zhang, G.; Xu, L.; Wang, D.; Wang, L.; Zeng, X.; Wang, Y. Design, synthesis and antibacterial activity of novel andrographolide derivatives. Bioo-rg. Med. Chem. 18, 4269–4274, , H.; Xu, L.; Yu, P.; Jiang, J.; Zhang, G.; Wang, Y. Synthesis and preliminary evaluation of neuroprotection of celastrol analogues in PC12 cells. Bioorg. Med. Che-m. Lett. 20, 3844–3847, , Z.; Li, S.; Jiang, J.; Yu, P.; Liang, J.; Wang, Y. Preventive effects of Flos puerariae lobatae water extract and its active ingredient puerarin in acute and chr-onic alcohol treated rat and mice model. Chinese Med. 5:36, , J.; Lu, Y.; Luo, H.; Huang, S.; Bao, J.; Cai, S.; Wang Y. Homology modeling of α-glucosidase and its interactions with andrograpolide derivatives. Lett. Drug Desi-gn and Discov. 8, 440–451, , H.; Li, S.; Wu, J.; Jiang, J.; Wang, Y. Pharmacokinetic study of a novel st-roke therapeutic, 2-[[(1,1-dimethylethyl)oxidoimino]methyl]-3,5,6-trimethy-lpyrazine, by a simple HPLC-UV method in rats. Eur. J. Drug. Metab. Ph. 36, 95–101, , X.; Liu, X.; Liang, H.; Bian J.; Pei, G.; Dai, H.; Polyak, S. W.; Song, F.; Ma, L.; Wang, Y.; Zhang, Z. Synergistic effect of AL-1 and various antibiotics on the fo-rmation of biofilms and production ofexopolysaccharide and pyocyanin by Pseu-domonas aeruginosa. Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. 55, 3015–3017, , Q.; Zhang, G.; Yu, P.; Wang, Y. Synthesis and preliminary evaluation of anti-HIV agent AZT prodrug. Yao Xue Xue Bao. 46, 1015–1018, , X.; Wan, S.; Jiang, J.; Jiang, X.; Yang, W.; Yu, P.; Xu, L.; Zhang, Z.; Zhang, G.; , Zaijun Z.; Shan, L.; Wang, Y. Synthesis and biological evaluations of novel apocynin analogues. Eur. J. Med. Chem. 46, 2691–2698. , Q.; Zhang, G.; Yu, P.; Wang, Y. Synthesis and preliminary evaluation of an-tiHIV agent AZT prodrug. Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica, 46, 1015–1018, , H.; Li, S.; Yu, P.; Tang, X.; Jiang, J.; Wang, Y. Reaction characteristics of andrographolide and its analogue AL-1with GSH as a simple chemical simulation of NF-κB Inhibition. Molecules 17, 728–739, , Y.; Yu.; Zhang, G.; Wang, L.; Zhong, H.; Zhai, Z.; Wang, L.; Wang, Y. Therapeutic effects of tetramethylpyrazine nitrone in rat ischemic stroke models. J. Neurosci. Res. 90, 1662–1669, , Y.; Zhang, G.; Zhang, Z.; Yu, P.; Zhong, H.; Du, J.; Wang, Y. Novel multi-functional nitrones for treatment of ischemic stroke. Bioorg. Med. Chem. 20, 3939–3945, , P.; Xia, L.; Zhao, J.; Zhang, G.; Zhang, Z,; Lang, M.; Wang, Y. Synthesis and preliminary anticancer evaluation of 10-hydroxycamptothecin analogs. Biol. Pharm. Bull. 35, 1295–1299, , Li.; Liu, X.; Liang, H.; Che, Y.; Dai, H.; Yu, K.; Liu, M.; Ma, L.; Yang, C-H.; Song, F.; Wang, Y.; Zhang, L. Molecular targets of 14-alpha-lipoyl andrographolide on quorum sensing inPseudomonas aeruginosa. Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. 56, 6088–6094, , G.; Hung, M.; Shan, L.; Lei, S.; Choi, I.; Zhang, Z.; Hoi, M. P.; Yu, P.; Wang, Y.; Lee, S. M. A novel danshensu derivative confers cardioprotection via PI3K/Akt and Nrf2 pathways. Intl. J. Cardio. 168, 1349–1359, , Y.; Yu, G.; Zhang, Y.; Xu, Z.; Wang,Y.; Yan, G.;, He, Q. A novel androgra-pholide derivative AL-1 exerts its cytotoxicity on K562 cells through a ROS-dependent mechanism. Proteomics, 13,169–178, , Q.; Shan, L.; Zhu, H.; Yu, P.; Wang, Y. Synthesis and preliminary evalu-ation of Danshensu derivatives modified at hydroxyl group. J. Intl. Pharm. Res. 40, 795–800, , G.; Zhou, H.; Wang, Y.; Zhong, Y.; Tan, Z.; Wang, Y.; He, Q. Protective effects of andrographolide analogue AL-1 on ROS-induced RIN-m β cell death by inducing ROS generation. PLoS One, 8(6):e63656. doi: , , M.; Sanz-Blascoa, S.; Zhang. X.; Xia, P.; Waseem Akhtara, M.; Ok-amotoa, S.; Dziewczapolskib, G.; Nakamuraa, T.; Gang, C.; Pratta, A. E.; Kanga, Y-J.; Tua, S.; Molokanovaa, E.; McKerchera, S. R.; Hiresd, A. A.; Sasone, H.; Sto-ufferf, D. G.; Buczynskif, M. W.; Solomong, J.; Michaelc, S.; Powersg, E. T.; Kell-yg, J. W.; Robertsj, A.; Tonga, G.; Fang-Newmeyera, T.; Parkera, J.; Hollanda, E. A.; Zhang, D.; Nakanishia, N.; Chen, H-S, V.; Woloskere, H.; Wang, Y.; Parsonsf, L. H.; Ambasudhana,R.; Masliahc, E.; Heinemannb, S. F.; Piña-Crespoa, J. C.; Lipton, S. A. Aβ induces astrocytic glutamate release, extrasynaptic NMDA receptor activa-tion, and synaptic loss. PNAS, 110, E2518–2527, , D.; Duan, H.; Du, J.; Zhang, Z.; Cui, W.; Wang, L.; Sun, Y.; Lang, M.; Hoi, P. M.; Han, Y.; Wang, Y.; Lee, S. M. The novel tetramethylpyrazine bis-nitrone (TN-2) protects against MPTP/MPP-induced neurotoxicity via inhibition of mitochondrial de-pendent apoptosis. J. Neuroimmun. Pharmacol. 2013 (advance online DOI )., B.; Xu, D.; Duan, H.; Du, J.; Zhang, Z.; Lee, S. M.; Wang, Y. Therapeutic effects of multifunctional tetramethylpyrazine nitrone on models of Parkinson’s dis-ease in vitro andin vivo. Biol. Pharm. Bull. 37, 274–285, , W.; Zhang, Z.; Hu, S.; Mak, S.; Xu, D.; Choi, C.; Wang, Y.; Tsim, K.; Lee, M.; Rong, J.; Han, Y. Sunitinib produces neuroprotective effect via inhibiting nitric oxide overproduction. CNS Neurosci. Ther. 2014 Jan 7. doi: , Y.; Liao, K.; Li, S.; Zhang, Z.; Yu, P.; Wang, Y. Pharmacokinetic analysis of bis-nitrone tetramethylpyrazine (TN-2) in rats and its protein binding in vitro. Lett. Drug Design and Discov. 2014 (advance online)., M.; Yan, R.; Wang, Y.; Yu, P. A selective O- and N-acylation protocol for carbamyl chloride. Chin. J. Org. Chem. 2014 (advance online)., Q.; Chen, Y.; Zhang, M.; Shan, L.; Sun, Y.; Yu, P.; Zhang, G.; Wang, D.; Zhao, Z.; Xu, Q.; Xu, B.; Wang, Y. Design, synthesis and preliminary cardioprote-ctive effect evaluation of Danshensu derivatives. Chem. Biol.&DrugDes. 2014 (advance online)., S.; Shan, L.; Zhang, Z.; Li, W.; Liao, K.; Li, S.; Yu, P.; Wang, Y. Pharma-cokinetic and metabolism studies of ADTM, a novel Danshensu derivative confers cardioprotection by HPLC-UV and LC-MS/MS. J. Chromatogr. Sci. 2014 (advance online)., L.; Li, Y.; Wan, S.; Wang, Y.; Yu, P. Apocynin nitrone protects rats from LPS-mediated acute lung injury via inhibition of NADPH oxidase. Intl. Immunophar-macol. 2014 (advance online)., E.; Liang, Z.; Xu, L.; Sun, S.; Zhang, G.; Yu, P.; Wang, Y. Synthesis and preliminary biologic activity evaluation of nitric oxide-releasing andrographolide ana-logues. Chem Pharma Bull. 2014 (advance online)., Z.; Lai, D.; Wang, L.; Pei, Y.; Zhu, L.; Guo, B.; Xu, L.; Sun, Y.; Xu, L.; Zhou, L.; Sun, Y.; Lee, S-M.; Wang, Y. Neuroprotective effects of the androgra-pholide analogue AL-1 in the MPP/MPTP-induced Parkinson’s disease model in vitro and in mice. Pharmacol. Biochem. Be. 2014 (advance online).

佛罗伦萨美院作为艺术类排名世界第三大学，入学考试相对较为简单，除了可以走图兰多计划外，还可以走普通国际学生，也可以参加现在个别中介与大学联合推出的合作计划，一些大型的拥有双资质的留学中介,会有合作计划,你可以去询问一下。关于入学考试，只要意大利语过关，并且有一定的美术基础，入学考试就不难。

1. 丁静秋，徐克沂，乙脑患者呼吸监护治疗，北京医学，1977，3(2):1102. 丁静秋，徐克沂，狂犬病监护治疗，中华流行病杂志，1980，4(3):323.徐克沂， 病例讨论.No 43. 中华内科杂志,1982,2(3):3。4.徐克沂， 柏查氏综合征误诊为肝炎后肝硬变2例, 实用内科杂志, 1985, 5(3):134,5，徐克沂， 蔡皓东，人脐带血白细胞干扰素治疗水痘疗效观察,临床药学,1985，4（3）1855，6，徐克沂， 43例乙型脑炎误诊病例分析,新医学, 1986，6（6）:3057，徐克沂，丁静秋，流行性乙型脑炎患者合并腮腺肿大原因探讨,中华传染病杂志。1986，4（3）：1648，徐克沂， 蔡皓东，乙脑患者合并ARDS研究。中华传染病杂志。1987，5（2）：1119，徐克沂，孙承民，蔡皓东，乙脑患者合并上消化道出血的临床观察,中华医学杂志。1987，6（4）：22410，徐克沂，潘抗衡，蔡皓东，乙脑鉴别诊断研究，新医学19885（3）：1711，徐克沂， 蔡皓东，病毒性肝炎合并血液系统疾病观察。中华医学杂志，1988，68（10）：59012，徐克沂，丁静秋，蔡皓东，等，呼吸监护病房的绿脓杆菌感染，中华内科杂志，1989年第8卷第2期13，徐克沂，丁静秋，蔡皓东，等，乙脑危重患者呼吸监护15年,危重病急救医学,1990,2(2)：10314，徐克沂，肖元普，戴望苏，等，叶下珠,天花粉,大黄抗HBV活性研究。中国中西医结合杂志，1991，11：38915，李正谦，徐克沂，HBV基因自然变异研究，北京医学，1992，19（3）：10116， 赵永森，曾毅，徐克沂，从一名中国艾滋病患者分离HIV病毒，中华病毒学杂志，1994，10（3）：21617，王培之，徐克沂， 抗戊型肝炎病毒Ig M抗体的临床意义。中华实验和临床病毒学杂志。1996，2。18，王培之，徐克沂，北京地区急性肝炎患者血清病原学分析，北京医学，1998，4（2）11719， 郑文友，皮国华，徐克沂，等，中草药‘再生丹’对HIV感染者的疗效观察。中华实验和临床病毒学杂志，1999，3：29120，刘顺爱，徐克沂，HIV/AIDS与肝炎病毒感染者CD4, CD8 淋巴细胞数的比较，中国免疫学杂志，1999，15（12）：56121，徐克沂，Carolin M. Black, 连接酶链反应用于淋病的诊断,中华皮肤病杂志 1999，32（3）：15022, Xu Keyi, Glanton A, Johnson SR et al, Detection of Neisseria gonorrhoeae infection by ligase chain reaction testing of urine among adlesent women with and without chlamydia trachomatis infection, Sex Transm Dis, 1998,25(10):．徐克沂，李敏，伦文辉，等， 北京地区育龄妇女泌尿生殖道砂眼衣原体感染状况及基因分型初步研究，中华皮肤病杂志，2000，33（6）：40424，徐克沂，王苏生，张剑平，等，雷公藤有效成分WZ1对肾小球肾炎动物模型的治疗作用及机制探讨，中国中西医结合杂志，2000，7：5325，王培之，徐克沂，胶体金免疫结合试验在检验医学中的应用，中华检验医学杂志，2000，23（5）：30826，张剑平，徐克沂， 生晒参与红参体外免疫增强的作用，细胞与分子免疫学杂志，2000，6（15）：38727, 徐克沂，张永新，王瑛，等，同时检测HIV抗体及P24抗原快速诊断试剂的研制， 中华实验和临床病毒学杂志，2002，16（4）：37728，扬民，徐克沂等，SARS患者淋巴细胞亚群的动态变化及意义，中华传染病杂志，2003，21（5）：327