往复式压缩机论文的外文参考文献

The Basics A jet engine can be divided into several distinct sections: intake, compressor, diffuser, combustion chamber, turbine, and exhaust. These sections are much like the different cycles in a four-stroke reciprocating engine: intake, compression, power and exhaust. In a four-stroke engine a fuel/air mixture is is brought into the engine (intake), compressed (compression), and finally ignited and pushed out the exhaust (power and exhaust). In it's most basic form, a jet engine works in much the same way. * Air comes in the front of the engine where it enters the compressor. The air is compressed by a series of small spinning blades aptly named compressor blades and leaves at a high pressure. The pressure ratio between the beginning and end of the compressor can be as much as 48:1, but almost always 12:1 or more. * The air now enters the diffuser, which is nothing more than an area where the air can expand and lower it's velocity, thus increasing its pressure a little bit more. * The high pressure air at the end of the diffuser now enters the combustion chamber where it is mixed with fuel, ignited and burned. * When the fuel/air mixture burns, the temperature increases (obviously) which makes the air expand. * This expanding gas drives a set of turbine blades located aft of the combustion chamber. At least some of these turbine blades are connected by a shaft to the compressor blades to drive them. Depending on the type of engine, there may be another set of turbine blades used to drive another shaft to do other things, such as turn a propeller or generator. * The left over energy not extracted by the turbine blades is pushed out the back of the engine (exhaust section) and creates thrust, usually used to drive an airplane forward. The types of jet engines include: * Turbojet * Turbofan * Turboprop * Turbo shaft Turbojet The turbojet is the simplest of them all, it is just as described in "The basics" section. This style was the first type of jet engine to be used in aircraft. It is a pretty primitive style used mostly in early military jet fighters such as the F-86. Its use was discontinued, for the most part, in favor of the more efficient turbofans. Actually, I should clarify that. Each type of engine is most efficient under certain conditions. Turbojets are most efficient at high altitudes and speeds above the speed of sound. See the diagram at the end of this page for relative efficiencies of each style engine. Turbofan Turbofans make up the majority of jet engines being produced and used today. A turbofan engine uses an extra set of turbine blades to drive a large fan, typically on the front of the engine. This fan differs from a propeller in that there are many small blades and they are inside of a duct. The fan sits just in front of the normal intake, some of the air driven by this fan will enter the engine, while the rest will go around the outside. The amount of air that bypasses the engine is different for each type of airplane. The different styles are called high and low bypass engines. Bypass ratio is the ratio of how much air goes through the fan, to how much goes through the engine. Typical bypass ratios would be 1:1 for a low bypass and 5:1 or more for a high bypass. Low bypass engines are more efficient at higher speeds, and are used on planes such as military aircraft, while high bypass engines are used in commercial airliners. Turboprop Turboprops are similar to turbofans in that they incorporate an extra set of turbine blades used to drive the propeller. Unlike the turbofan engines, nearly all the thrust produced by a turboprop is from the propellor, hardly any thrust comes from the exhaust. These engines are used mostly on smaller and slower planes such as commuter aircraft that fly to the smaller airports. As you can see from the efficiency chart below, turboprops are very efficient over a fairly wide range of speeds. They would probably be used more often on large transport aircraft, except for one problem: they have propellors. The general public does not like propellors, as they appear to be old-fashioned and unsafe. However, the military knows better and uses them on several large transport aircraft. Turbo shaft Turbo shaft engines are very similar to turboprop engines, but instead of driving a propellor, they are used to drive something else. Many helicopters use them to drive their rotors, and airliners and other large jets use them to generate electricity. Also, the Alaska Pipeline uses them at the pump stations to pump oil. Overall Overall the big difference between these engines is how they take a chunk of air and move it. Newton's third law states that Force equals mass times acceleration. Applying this to turbine engines: the turboprop takes a large chunk and accelerates it a little bit, while the turbojet takes a small chunk and accelerates the heck out of it, and the turbofan is somewhere in between these two. These different methods of moving air also have to do with how much noise each engine makes. The turbojet makes the most noise because there is a large difference in velocities of the blast of air coming out the exhaust and the surrounding air. The air from the fan on a turbofan engine "shields" the blast in the center by having the slower moving air from the fan surround it. Then the turboprop is the quietest of all because the air it's moving is relatively slow. A pressure - volume diagram (or a P-V diagram) is a useful tool in thermodynamics. In this case, it relates the pressure and volume of the gas moving through the engine at different stages. A P-V diagram can also be helpful in finding the work output of an engine. Work equals the integral of pressure with respect to volume. Or is simpler form, work equals the area enclosed in the diagram above. The above cycle is the Brayton cycle, or the cycle used by aircraft gas turbine engines. Explanation of the above cycle: * Air enters the inlet at point 1 at atmospheric pressure. * As this air passes through the compressor (from point 1 to 2), the pressure rises adiabatically (no heat enters or leaves the system). * Now the air enters the combustion chamber (from point 2 to 3), is mixed with fuel, and burned at a constant pressure. * Finally, the air goes through the turbine and out the exhaust (point 3 to 4) where the gases expand and do work. Thus, the pressure drops and the volume increases. The Compressor There are two main styles for turbine compressors: the axial and the centrifugal. The Axial Compressor * The axial type compressor is made up of many small blades, called rotor vanes, arranged in rows on a cylinder whose radius gets larger towards the back (as can be seen from the above picture). These blades act much like small propellors. * In between these rotor vanes are stator vanes which stay in a fixed spot and straighten the air coming out of the previous stage of rotor vanes before it enters the next stage. * On some newer engines, the angle of these stator vanes can be adjusted for optimum efficiency. * Each stage (1 row of rotor and stator vanes) generally provides for a pressure rise of about (so after the first stage, the pressure would be above atmospheric, after the second it would be , , etc...). The Centrifugal Compressor * Air enters the centrifugal compressor at the front and center. The blades then sling the air radially outwards where it is once again collected (at a higher pressure) before it enters the diffuser. * Pressure rise per stage is usually about 4 to 8:1 (higher than axial). These can be sombined in series (that is the exit of the first leads to the entrance of the next) to produce a greater pressure rise. But more than two stages is not practical. - Jet engines are rated in "pounds of thrust," while turboprops and turboshaft engines are rated in "shaft horsepower" (SHP). This is because it is difficult to hook up a dynamometer (power measuring device) to the column of air coming out of a jet engine, while it is easy to hook one to the shaft of a turboprop. - An equivalent measure to horsepower is thrust horsepower (THP). THP = (Thrust x MPH) / 375. or THP = SHP x 80% in the case of turboprop engines (the 80% is because the propeller "slips" a little in flight). - Exhaust gases exit the exhaust at upwards of 1000 mph or more and can use 1000 gallons of fuel/hour or more. - Turbine engines run lean. Unlike gasoline engines, turbines take in more air than they need for combustion. - Fuel can be injected into the exhaust section to burn with this unused air for extra thrust. This is called an afterburner. - A water/methanol mixture can be injected into the intake to increase the air density, and thus increase thrust. - Turbine engines can be built on a small scale as well. The turbine pictured below has a diameter of 4mm and runs at 500,000 rpm. It was built by at MIT for purposes of powering an aircraft with a wing span of about 5 inches that was projected to fly about 35 - 70 mph with a range of about 40 - 70 miles. micro turbine - The ignition system on turbine engines is only necessary for starting, afterwards it is self sustaining. In jets, the ignition system is also turned on for added saftey in "critical" stages of flight, such as takeoff and landing. - A device similar to a spark plug is used for the ignition process, but it has a larger gap. The spark is about 4 to 20 Joules (watts/second) at about 25000 volts and occurs between 1 and 2 times per second. - Turbine engines will run on just about anything, they prefer Jet-A (AKA diesel, kerosene, or home heating oil), but can burn unleaded, burbon, or even very finely powdered coal! - The above snowmachine uses an Allison turbine engine, a very common engine in helicopters (such as the Bell 206 Jet Ranger shown below). A lot of horsepower can be put into a small package! Note the intake and compressor are at the front of the engine, then the two side tubes take the compressed air and bring it around back to the combustion chamber and turbine and the exhaust exits out the middle. There are many engines out there with strange configurations like this. Communications Technology Your Rights and what the Data Protection Commissioner can do to help Right of Access The personal information to which you are entitled is that held on computer or in a manual filing system that facilitates access to information about you. You can make an access request to any organisation or any individual who has personal information about you. For example, you could make an access request to your doctor, your bank, a credit reference agency, a Government Department dealing with your affairs, or your employer. If you find out that information kept about you by someone else is inaccurate, you have a right to have that information corrected (or "rectified"). In some circumstances, you may also have the information erased altogether from the database - for example, if the body keeping the information has no good reason to hold it (. it is irrelevant or excessive for the purpose), or if the information has not been obtained fairly. You can exercise your right of rectification or erasure simply by writing to the body keeping your data. In addition, you can request a data controller to block your data . to prevent it from being used for certain purposes. For example, you might want your data blocked for research purposes where it held for other purposes. If an organisation holds your information for the purposes of direct marketing (such as direct mailing, or telephone marketing), you have the right to have your details removed from that database. This right is useful if you are receiving unwanted "junk mail" or annoying telephone calls from salespeople. You can exercise this right simply by writing to the organisation concerned. The organisation must write back to you within 40 days confirming that they have dealt with your request. Right to complain to the Data Protection Commissioner What happens if someone ignores your access request, or refuses to correct information about you which is inaccurate? If you are having difficulty in exercising your rights, or if you feel that any person or organisation is not complying with their responsibilities, then you may complain to the Data Protection Commissioner, Mr Mead, who will investigate the matter for you. The Commissioner has legal powers to ensure that your rights are upheld. The Data Protection Commissioner will help you to secure your rights: * with advice and information * by intervening directly on your behalf if you feel you have not been given satisfaction * by taking action against those failing to fulfil their obligations. SEE APPENDIX 2 FOR CASE STUDY Ergonomics Ergonomics (from Greek ergon work and nomoi natural laws) is the study of designing objects to be better adapted to the shape of the human body and/or to correct the user's posture. Common examples include chairs designed to prevent the user from sitting in positions that may have a detrimental effect on the spine, and the ergonomic desk which offers an adjustable keyboard tray, a main desktop of variable height and other elements which can be changed by the user. Ergonomics also helps with the design of alternative computer input devices for people who want to avoid repetitive strain injury or carpal tunnel syndrome. A normal computer keyboard tends to force users to keep their hands together and hunch their shoulders. To prevent the injuries, or to give relief to people who already have symptoms, special split keyboards, curved keyboards, not-really-keyboards keyboards, and other alternative input devices exist. Ergonomics is much larger than looking at the physiological and anatomical aspects of the human being. The psychology of humans is also a key element within the ergonomics discipline. This psychological portion of ergonomics is usually referred to as Human factors or Human factors engineering in the ., and ergonomics is the term used in Europe. Understanding design in terms of cognitive workload, human error, the way humans perceive their surrounds and, very importantly, the tasks that they undertake are all analysed by ergonomists. [IMAGE] With video conferencing consideration should be taken in positioning of camera and screens so as to avoid neck strain. Codec 1. (COder/DECoder or COmpressor/DECompressor) Hardware or software that encodes/compresses and decodes/decompresses audio and video data streams. The purpose of a codec is to reduce the size of digital audio samples and video frames in order to speed up transmission and save storage space. The goal of all codec designers is to maintain audio and video quality while compressing the binary data further. Speech codecs are designed to deal with the characteristics of voice, while audio codecs are developed for music. Codecs may also be able to transcode from one digital format to another; for example, from PCM audio to MP3 audio. The codec algorithms may be implemented entirely in a chip or entirely in software in which case the PC does all of the processing. They are also commonly implemented in both hardware and software where a sound card or video capture card performs some of the processing, and the main CPU does the rest. When analog signals are entered into a computer, cellphone or other device via a microphone or video source such as a VHS tape or TV, analog-to-digital converters create the raw digital audio samples and video frames. Speech, audio and video codecs are typically lossy codecs that compress data by altering the original format, which is why "codec" means "encoder/decoder" and "compressor/decompressor." If a codec uses only lossless compression in which the original data is restored exactly, then it would not be a coder/decoder. This is a subtle point, but the two meanings of the acronym have been confusing. LAN A local area network (LAN) is a computer network covering a local area, like a home, office or small group of buildings such as a college. The topology of a network dictates its physical structure. The generally accepted maximum size for a LAN is 1000m2. LANs are different from personal area networks (PANs), metropolitan area networks (MANs) or wide area networks (WANs). LANs are typically faster than WANs. The earliest popular LAN, ARCnet, was released in 1977 by Datapoint and was originally intended to allow multiple Datapoint 2200s to share disk storage. Like all early LANs, ARCnet was originally vendor-specific. Standardization efforts by the IEEE have resulted in the IEEE 802 series of standards. There are now two common wiring technologies for a LAN, Ethernet and Token Ring. Wireless technologies are starting to evolve and are convenient for mobile computer users. A number of network protocols may use the basic physical transport mechanism including TCP/IP. In this case DHCP is a convenient way to obtain an IP address rather than using fixed addressing. LANs can be interlinked by connections to form a Wide area network. A router is used to make the connection between LANs. WAN WANs are used to connect local area networks together, so that users and computers in one location can communicate with users and computers in other locations. Many WANs are built for one particular organisation and are private, others, built by Internet service providers provide connections from an organisation's LAN to the Internet. WANs are most often built of leased lines. At each end of the leased line, a router connects to the LAN on one side and a hub within the WAN on the other. A number of network protocols may use the basic physical transport mechanism including TCP/IP. Other protocols including and ATM. Frame relay can also be used for WANs. Ethernet Ethernet is normally a shared media LAN. All stations on the segment share the total bandwidth, which is either 10 Mbps (Ethernet), 100 Mbps (Fast Ethernet) or 1000 Mbps (Gigabit Ethernet). With switched Ethernet, each sender and receiver pair have the full using Ethernet the computers are usually wired to a hub or to a switch. This constitutes the physical transport mechanism. Fiber-optic Ethernet (10BaseF and 100BaseFX) is impervious to external radiation and is often used to extend Ethernet segments up to miles. Specifications exist for complete fiber-optic networks as well as backbone implementations. FOIRL (Fiber-Optic Inter Repeater Link) was an earlier standard that is limited to .6 miles distance.

全封闭制冷压缩机的发展趋势 【摘要】 详细介绍了全封闭制冷压缩机的发展趋势和前景。引用大量的数据证明各种压缩机的发展空间和必然性。从而为各行业使用制冷压缩机提供了可靠的数据和指导说明。 【关键词】 电磁振动式压缩机；电动式压缩机；发展趋势 0引言 发表职称论文，就找ABC论文坊： 制冷压缩机质量的好坏将直接影响着电冰箱、空调器等小型制冷设备的制冷效果、使用寿命、噪音和震动等多种性能。就制冷压缩机的工作原理与结构而言，形式多样，性能各异。现在生产的小型制冷设备采用的全封闭式压缩机，按其结构特性可分为电磁式和电动式两大类。而电动式又可分为往复活塞式、旋转活塞式和涡旋式3种类型。以上几种全封闭制冷压缩机的性能特点。 l 电磁振动式压缩机 电磁振动式压缩机有以下3种：11动圈式电磁振动型；2)动铁芯式电磁振动型；3)悬吊动磁铁式电磁振动型。其中，动圈式在全封闭式制冷压缩机中被实际应用，它是利用通以交流电流的线圈产生的交变磁场与永久磁场之间相互作用，直接驱动活塞作往复运动的压缩 机。其特点是结构简单、零部件少、加工精度要求不高、容易制造。因此从20世纪50年代开始就用于容积较小的电冰箱。ABC论文坊但从另一方面，由于电源频率变化引起的制冷量变化大，且50 Hz和60 Hz不能通用，存在着因排气、吸气压力引起行程变化等问题，使活塞行程的长短随负荷的变化而改变，同时机内弹簧作高频谐振，易产生弹性疲劳，因此一般只适用于生产100 W 以下的压缩机。而动铁芯式和悬吊动磁铁式电磁振动型由于只在研究阶段还没有实际应用。故此不作介绍。 2 电动式压缩机 2．1 往复活塞式压缩机 按其结构分为滑管式和连杆式压缩机两类。 2．1．1 滑管式压缩机 滑管式压缩机产生于20世纪60年代，它是往复活塞式压缩机的一种类型。其特点是结构简单，工艺性好，成本较低，对零部件的加工精度要求不高，制造和装配都比较容易，所以发展较快。目前这类压缩机在国内外的电冰箱生产中应用比较普遍。缺点是活塞与缸壁间的侧力较大、磨擦功耗大、能效比偏低，因此目前滑管式压缩机正在进入衰退期，将逐渐被连杆式压缩机或旋转式压缩机所取代。 2．1．2 连杆式压缩机 连杆式压缩机也属往复活塞式，是电冰箱采用时间较早的一种。在20世纪5O年代以前生产的电冰箱几乎都是采用连杆式压缩机。其特点是运转比较平稳、噪声低、磨损小、使用寿命长、能效比较高、工作可靠、综合性能优良。但由于零部件形状复杂，加工精度要求较 高，工艺难度较大，因此其发展一度受到限制，在电冰箱及其它小型制冷设备中被滑管式和旋转式压缩机所取代。近几年来随着机械工业的不断发展，对其结构进行了多方面的技术改进。目前连杆式压缩机又成为电 冰箱压缩机的主导产品。总需求是有较大的提升【1_。近年来世界各电冰箱生产大国，尤其是日本、意大利、美国等国对往复式压缩机的制造技术进行了多方面的改造，从而使连杆式压缩机的各项性能都有了很大的提高。因此，有重新成为电冰箱压缩机主导产品的趋势。 2_2 旋转式压缩机 旋转式压缩机的电机无需将转子的旋转运动转换为活塞的往复运动，而是直接带动旋转活塞作旋转运动来完成对制冷剂蒸气的压缩。这种压缩机更适合于小型空调器，特别是在家用空调器上的应用更为广泛。如美国通用电器公司和沃普公司生产的旋转式压缩机都设计了较好的防过热和润滑装置。它采用把冷凝器处的部分制冷液用配管引至压缩室，使之在气缸内喷射的冷却方式，提高了冷却效果。为了防止把大量的制冷液直接吸人气缸内，产生液击，在吸气回路的压缩机前部设有气液分离器，润滑油和制冷液一旦进入器内 则制冷液在气液分离器内蒸发，压缩机吸人的是气体；润滑油从气液分离器下方的小孔中缓缓地连续 少量进入压缩机，用这种方法防止液击[21。油泵给油的方法是在转轴下端装设两个齿轮状的叶轮，它与转轴一同转动。对油施加离心力，从转轴中心孑L把油导向上方。另外，在轴的外表面上开有螺旋状的油槽，实现对轴承部位的给油。作为安全措施。在压缩机顶部装有过 负荷继电器，这种继电器是用感温板感受压缩机内部高压气体的温度，当达到一定的温度后，继电器动作，压缩机停止运转，用这种方法防止电动机烧毁，因此说旋转式压缩机是一种很有发展前景的压缩机。其主要优点是：由于活塞作旋转运动，压缩工作圆滑平稳，平衡性能好，另外旋转式压缩机没有余隙容积，无再膨胀气体的干扰，因此具有压缩效率高、零部件少、体积小、重量轻、平衡性能好、噪音低、防护措施完备和耗电量小等优点。缺点是压缩机对材质、加工精度、热处理、装配工艺及润滑系统要求较高，由于要靠运动间隙中的润滑油进行密封，为从排气中分离出油，机壳内须做成高压，因此，电动机、压缩机容易过热，如果不采取特殊的措施。在大型压缩机和低温用压缩机中是不能使用的。由于它比其它类型的压缩机有较明显的优势，所以它得到广泛了推广应用。如国产上菱BCD一180 W、阿里斯顿BCD-220 W 等电冰箱都采用了旋转式压缩机。尤其在家用空调器上的应用就更为普遍，从发展的趋势看旋转式压缩机今后有可能成为市场的主导产品。 2．3 涡旋式压缩机 涡旋式压缩机是20世纪8O年代发展起来的新型产品。它效率高，噪声低，体积小，重量轻，不需要排气阀组，工作的可靠性及容积效率都较高，允许气体制冷剂中带少量液体，输气效率高，气体泄漏少，可较好地运用于小型热泵系统、小型空调等。综上所述，几种压缩机的性能特点，我们不难看出经多年的技术改造，连杆式压缩机在一定的时期内仍有明显的优势，而旋转式压缩机则是一种新型的产品，特别是在空调器上的应用更为广泛，必将成为制冷产业的主导产品。通过对往复式和旋转式压缩机的性能试验比较可知，往复式和旋转式压缩机，启动后排气、吸气压力的时间变化特性不同，电动机上的负荷转矩由吸、排气压力的大小确定，在往复式的情况下，投入运转几分钟内至十几分钟后，排气压力出现峰值，对于电动机，为了承受这个尖峰负荷，需要比稳定运转时所需转矩大得多f2～4倍)[31。而旋转 式压缩机，由于不存在刚刚启动后的峰值，所以，只要有一般稳定运转时所需的转矩即可，因此可以实现电动机的小型化，这也是它今后发展优势所在。 参考文献 [1]胡鹏程，赵清．电冰箱、空调器的原理和维修【M】．北京：电子工业出版社．1995：1 14—148． [2]吴业正．制冷原理及设备【M】(第2版)．西安：西安交通大学出版社．2006． [3]赵春怡，王志强．活塞式单机双级制冷压缩JJL[M]．北京：机械工业出版社．2003．

工程机械论文题目

机械工程是一门涉及利用物理定律为机械系统作分析、设计、制造及维修的工程学科。机械工程是以有关的自然科学和技术科学为理论基础，结合生产实践中的技术经验，研究和解决在开发、设计、制造、安装、运用和维修各种机械中的全部理论和实际问题的应用学科。以下是机械工程硕士论文题目供大家参考。

工程机械论文题目大全

1、车载液压机械臂动态设计与研究

2、基于网络模型的复杂机电系统可靠性评估

3、螺纹联接自动装配系统的研究

4、轴承压装仿真与试验以及液力变矩器导轮的热装配变形分析研究

5、硫系自润滑钢中原位自生金属硫化物自润滑相的形成机制与控制方法

6、基于电动气旋流的吸附器的开发和特性研究

7、动圈式比例电磁铁关键技术研究

8、箱式风机管道法兰的柔性制造系统

9、六自由度运动平台优化设计及动态仿真研究

10、面向恶劣服役环境的工件抗缺陷结构优化设计方法及其应用

11、基于数字液压缸组的多浮力摆波能装置压力平衡研究

12、具有运动控制功能的电液比例阀控制器研究

13、微型轴承内圆磨削加工的质量监控系统研究

14、抗负载波动回转控制阀优化设计研究

15、气浮式无摩擦气缸静动态特性研究

16、模拟风力机载荷的电液加载装置的设计研究

17、用于扩散吸收式热变换器的气泡泵性能实验研究

18、脂肪醇聚氧乙烯醚与三乙醇胺硼酸酯水溶液的摩擦学性能研究

19、表面织构化固体润滑膜设计与制备技术研究

20、双压力角非对称齿轮承载能力的影响因素研究及参数优化

21、全电液式多路阀自动测试系统设计与实现

22、开关液压源系统研究分析及其试验系统的设计与搭建

23、飞轮储能系统电机与轴系设计

24、面向不完全数据的疲劳可靠性分析方法研究

25、树木移植机液压系统的设计研究

26、新型双输出摆线减速器的设计与分析

27、基于ARM9架构的工业喷码机研究与实现

28、超高压水射流破拆机器人液压系统设计与研究

29、考虑轴承影响的摆线针轮传动动力学研究

30、车辆传动装置供油系统设计方法研究

31、润滑油复合纳米粒子添加剂摩擦学性能的研究

32、高速气缸的缓冲结构研究

33、大长径比柔性对象自动送料关键技术研究

34、空间索杆铰接式伸展臂根部锁紧机构运动功能可靠性研究

35、基于能量梯度理论的离心压缩机固定元件性能改进研究

36、并联RCM机构构型综合及典型机构运动学分析

37、多自由度气动人工肌肉机械手指结构设计及控制

38、闸板位置对闸阀内部气固两相流及磨损的影响

39、电液伺服阀试验台测控系统的设计

40、多盘制动器加压装置典型结构设计及试验研究

41、重型多级离心泵穿杠螺母拧紧装置的设计

42、气动增压阀动态特性的仿真研究

43、小间隙下狭缝节流止推轴承特性研究

44、离心通风机的性能预测与叶片设计研究

45、基于有限元法的齿面修形设计

46、离心泵输送大颗粒时固液两相流场的数值计算

47、小流量工况下离心泵内部流动特性分析

48、双粗糙齿面接触时的弹流润滑数值分析

49、工程专用自卸车车架疲劳寿命分析

50、倾斜式带式输送机断带抓捕装置的研究

51、基于骨架模型的自卸车装配设计平台研究

52、双馈式风力发电机齿轮箱的'动态特性分析

53、定常扭矩激励下转子系统动力学与摩擦学研究

54、恒流量轴向柱塞液压泵的研究

55、下运带式输送机能量回馈与安全制动技术的研究

56、压力容器筒体自动组对及检测装置的研究

57、高压容腔卸压曲线及卸压阀研究

58、一种小冲击高性能液压缸双向制动阀的研究

59、盘式制动器摩擦副热结构耦合及模态分析

60、输送带摩擦学行为及动力学特性研究

61、圆环链与驱动链轮磨损试验研究

62、十字轴式万向联轴器的动力学特性仿真分析

63、乳化液过滤器多次通过试验系统开发

64、电液流量匹配装载机转向系统特性研究

65、大位移低电压的静电斥力微驱动器的设计与仿真研究

66、圆柱斜齿轮传动误差的补偿分析

67、基于物理规划法的柔顺机构多目标拓扑优化研究

68、桥式起重机桥架结构静动态分析及多目标优化

69、柱塞泵及管路流固耦合振动特性研究

70、非对称柱塞泵直驱挖掘机液压缸系统特性研究

71、波箔动压气体轴承承载特性的理论与实验研究

72、低温氦透平膨胀机中液体动静压轴承的承载特性研究

73、滚珠轴承支承高速电主轴热特性分析

74、基于许用压力角要求的共轭凸轮计算机辅助设计系统开发

75、圆筒涨圆机液压与电气控制系统的研究

76、再制造液压缸性能检测技术的研究

77、气动高压高速开关阀的设计与研究

78、四轮四向叉车非对称转向机构双目标优化研究

79、基于桁架结构的3D打印轻量化模型生成研究

80、无转速计阶比分析方法研究

81、非圆齿轮行星轮系传动性能分析

82、永磁同步电主轴机电耦联动力特性研究

83、气动柔性驱动器的位置控制研究

84、高速旋转接头试验台的研制

85、永磁同步电主轴电磁噪声影响因素研究

86、水泵转子静挠度检测系统的构建与实现

87、磁悬浮飞轮储能支承系统的控制策略研究

88、聚磁式永磁涡流耦合器的性能分析和测试

89、起重机用永磁同步电机的设计与研究

90、大型往复式迷宫压缩机气缸体关键部件受力分析

91、准双曲面锥齿轮实体建模与齿面接触分析

92、风机风量调节伺服缸试验系统设计及控制特性研究

93、大型往复式压缩机迷宫密封效果的影响因素分析

94、水泵轴向力测量装置现场静态标定系统设计

95、空压机用超超高效永磁同步电动机设计及铁耗研究

96、主动磁悬浮轴承及其控制方法研究

97、水泵转子径向跳动检测系统设计

98、板状超声物料输送装置的研究

99、钢制组合式路基箱力学性能研究

100、三种典型微细结构缺陷的试验研究

101、向心关节轴承摩擦磨损性能仿真及试验分析

102、离心压缩系统反转动力学特性研究与分析

103、计入弹性变形的复合材料水润滑轴承润滑特性的研究

104、气缸壁面温度预测研究

105、高速曳引界面的摩擦滑移实验方法研究

106、特征优化方法研究及其在轴承故障诊断中的应用

107、小型机械零件拣货系统改良设计研究

108、活塞式压缩机排气量测试系统的设计与开发

109、小型安全阀便携离线校验设备研制

110、轴流风机数值模拟的若干问题探讨

111、催化装置富气压缩机控制系统的设计与实现

112、变频电机拖动的变量柱塞泵液压动力系统特性研究

113、模具形线参数对厚壁封头成形的影响

114、条形砧旋转锻造封头的工艺研究

115、磁悬浮轴承-转子系统的运动稳定性与控制研究

116、两级行星齿轮减速器稳健设计方法的研究

117、机械产品原理方案优化建模与实现

118、错位码垛规划及其与码垛机器人控制融合的研究

119、3D打印技术中分层与路径规划算法的研究及实现

120、液压同步顶升系统设计及控制策略研究

121、机构可动性设计缺陷辨识模型与修复方法研究

122、码垛机器人控制系统的设计及实现

123、浮环轴承润滑特性研究

124、机械产品可持续改进研究设计

125、轮腿式轮椅传动机构的设计与仿真

126、低速叉车横置式转向电动轮设计与优化研究

127、面向机电系统运行状态监测的声源定位技术研究

128、摆线活齿传动齿形研究及仿真

129、旋转阀口试验台的研发及旋转阀口的仿真研究

130、水压阀口特性仿真研究

131、旋转式水压伺服阀的设计及研究

132、串联式混联机构的力学分析及动力学仿真

133、利用阳极键合封装MEMS器件所用离子导电聚合物开发

134、工业生产型立体仓库的设计与优化

135、九轴全地面起重机模糊PID电液控制转向系统分析

136、带式输送机多滚筒驱动功率平衡影响因素的分析与研究

137、折臂式随车起重机回转系统同步控制研究

138、九轴全地面起重机传动系统研究

139、桥式起重机安全监控与性能评估系统的研究与设计

140、大型磨机故障诊断方法的研究

141、水液压多功能试验台数据测控系统的研发

142、迷宫密封泄漏特性及新结构研究

143、组合型振荡浮子波能发电装置液压系统研究

144、机电一体化实训装置在中职教学中的应用研究

145、穿孔扭转微机械谐振器件的挤压膜阻尼机理与模型

146、双螺杆式空压机转子型线分析与加工优化

147、铸造起重机安全制动温度场热耦合及机构振动分析

148、渐变箍紧力作用的起重机卷筒结构分析与优化设计

149、汽车起重机动力、起升系统参数优化及节能分析

150、贝叶斯网络系统可靠性分析及故障诊断方法研究

151、圆锥破碎机止推盘磨损寿命预测及结构优化

152、喷油器火花塞护套成形工艺优化及模具分析

153、碟形砂轮磨削面齿轮加工技术及齿面误差生成规律研究

154、铝合金喷射沉积坯形状及组织控制

155、基于FACT理论的柔顺机构设计及其在振动切削方面的应用

156、高精度FA针摆传动尺寸链分析研究

157、水平带法兰阀体多向模锻工艺研究

158、并联机构的人机交互式装配实现及运动性能自动分析

159、铝合金薄壁件加工变形控制技术研究

160、三柱塞式连续型液压增压器的特性研究

161、液压泵新型补油装置研究

162、压力阀的新型阻尼调压装置研究

163、多轴电液转向系统优化设计

164、大型框架式液压机智能监控与维护系统设计

165、液压缸综合性能测试试验台机械结构及液控部分的设计与开发

166、考虑实际气体效应低速运转螺旋槽干气密封性能研究

167、液压型落地式风力发电机组主传动系统特性与稳速控制研究

168、装载机动臂液压缸可靠性研究

169、舰船稳定平台液压驱动单元控制及实验研究

170、单作用双泵双速马达专用换向阀设计与研究

171、二通插装式比例节流阀自抗扰控制方法研究

172、旋转机械状态趋势预测及故障诊断专家系统关键技术研究

173、阶梯滑动轴承油膜流态可视化试验装置设计与应用

174、大型平行轴斜齿轮减速器可靠性分析

175、曲沟球轴承的设计与试制

176、汇率波动对重庆市机电产品进出口贸易影响传导机制及对策研究

177、流体动压型机械密封开启过程的声发射特征监测研究

178、桥门式起重机蒙皮式主梁结构性能分析

179、螺纹插装比例流量控制阀的振动特性研究

180、农耕文化符号的转换和再利用

181、石墨烯作为润滑油添加剂在青铜织构表面的摩擦学行为研究

182、微粒子喷丸对螺纹紧固件抗松动性能影响研究

183、螺纹插装平衡阀结构和特性研究

184、机械密封端面接触状态监测技术研究

【拓展阅读】

工程机械基本介绍

工程机械是中国装备工业的重要组成部分。概括地说，凡土石方施工工程、路面建设与养护、流动式起重装卸作业和各种建筑工程所需的综合性机械化施工工程所必需的机械装备，称为工程机械。它主要用于交通运输建设，能源工业建设和生产、矿山等原材料工业建设和生产、农林水利建设、工业与民用建筑、城市建设、环境保护等领域。

在世界各国，对这个行业的称谓基本雷同，其中美国和英国称为建筑机械与设备，德国称为建筑机械与装置，俄罗斯称为建筑与筑路机械，日本称为建设机械。在中国部分产品也称为建设机械，而在机械系统根据国务院组建该行业批文时统称为工程机械，一直延续到现在。各国对该行业划定产品范围大致相同，中国工程机械与其他各国比较还增加了铁路线路工程机械、叉车与工业搬运车辆、装修机械、电梯、风动工具等行业。

工程机械论文框架

1 绪论

1-1 全球工程机械市场概况

1-2 中国工程机械市场概况

2 中国工程机械的格局

2-1 中国工程机械的发展历程

2-2 国内外并购整合概况

2-3 中国工程机械的发展成就

3 中国工程机械现状分析

3-1 中国工程机械的发展优势

3-2 中国工程机械发展的劣势

3-3 中国工程机械发展的机遇

3-4 中国工程机械发展面临的问题

4 中国工程机械未来发展的思考

4-1 发展思路

4-2 对策措施

4-3 发展预测

结束语

致谢

参考文献

文献名称《空气压缩机操作工》基本信息作者：李总根 编丛 书 名：矿山特种作业人员安全技术培训考核统编教材出 版 社：中国劳动社会保障出版社，出版时间：2007-10-01版次：1页数：176装帧：平装开本：大32开内容简介空气压缩机操作工》主要内容包括法律法规常识、矿井安全生产技术知识、空气压缩机基础知识、压缩机的结构原理、压缩机的电气控制、压缩机的安全操作、矿山救护与职业病预防及压缩机典型事故案例分析等。《矿山特种作业人员安全技术培训考核统编教材：空气压缩机操作工》主要介绍矿山大量使用的L型往复活塞空气压缩机的同时，还分别对螺杆式空气压缩机及隔爆移动式空气压缩机进行了介绍。《矿山特种作业人员安全技术培训考核统编教材：空气压缩机操作工》主要作为《空气压缩机操作工》全国通用安全培训教材，也可供矿山企业有关专业技术人员、安全管理人员参考。《矿山特种作业人员安全技术培训考核统编教材：空气压缩机操作工》由湖南安全技术职业学院（长沙安全技术培训中心）李总根主编，彭伯平、李西京副主编，王捍湘、肖丹、曾敏、谢琳伟参与编写。安全生产专家、高级工程师彭新其主审。《节能产品惠民工程高效节能容积式空气压缩机推广实施细则》关于印发《节能产品惠民工程高效节能容积式空气压缩机推广实施细则》的通知财建〔2012〕851号各省、自治区、直辖市、计划单列市财政厅（局）、发展改革委、工业和信息化主管部门，新疆生产建设兵团财务局、发展改革委、工业和信息化主管部门：为促进节能家电等产品消费，经国务院同意，根据《财政部 国家发展改革委关于开展节能产品惠民工程的通知》（财建〔2009〕213号）规定，我们制定了《节能产品惠民工程高效节能容积式空气压缩机推广实施细则》，现印发给你们，请遵照执行。附件：节能产品惠民工程高效节能容积式空气压缩机推广实施细则财政部 国家发展改革委 工业和信息化部附件：节能产品惠民工程高效节能容积式空气压缩机推广实施细则一、推广产品范围及条件（一）推广产品为微型往复活塞空气压缩机、全无油润滑往复活塞空气压缩机、一般用固定的往复活塞空气压缩机、一般用喷油螺杆空气压缩机、一般用喷油单螺杆空气压缩机。（二）申请高效节能容积式空气压缩机（以下简称高效节能空压机）推广的产品必须满足以下要求：1.依据GB 19153《容积式空气压缩机能效限定值及能效等级》现行有效版本，空压机能效为2级及以上；2.通过能效标识备案；3.通过国家认可的第三方机构能效检测和节能产品认证（进入第一批推广目录的产品应在目录公布后三个月内通过节能认证）；4.在中国大陆境内生产和使用；5.近三年内国家产品质量监督抽查中，该品牌产品无不合格。（三）高效节能空压机的配套电机应优先选择能效等级2级及以上的高效节能电机。二、推广企业条件申请高效节能空压机推广的生产企业必须满足以下条件：1.为中国大陆境内注册的独立法人；2.年推广高效节能活塞式空压机的配套电机功率不少于1万kW，或螺杆式空压机的配套电机功率不少于2万kW；3.拥有所申请推广产品的自主品牌或品牌合法使用权，同一品牌只能由一家生产企业申请推广；4.具有完善的销售网络和产品销售、安装、售后服务及用户信息管理系统；5.具备完善的质量管理体系和环境管理体系。三、推广期限推广期限暂定为2012年11月1日至2013年10月31日。四、推广补贴标准高效节能空压机推广财政补贴标准具体为： 产品类型 能效水平 补贴标准（元/kW） 微型往复活塞空气压缩机 1级 80 2级 45 全无油润滑往复活塞空气压缩机 1级 160 2级 90 一般用固定的往复活塞空气压缩机 1级 80 2级 45 一般用喷油螺杆空气压缩机 1级 200 2级 100 一般用喷油单螺杆空气压缩机 1级 220 2级 120 五、推广企业资格申请申请高效节能空压机推广的企业，将申请报告（具体格式见附件1）及下述材料（复印件加盖公章）逐级上报，经省级节能主管部门、财政部门、工业和信息化部门审核后，报国家发展改革委、财政部、工业和信息化部。（一）营业执照、税务登记证和生产许可证；（二）推广产品能效检测报告和节能认证证书；（三）推广产品能效标识备案证明；（四）质量管理体系和环境管理体系认证证书；（五）商标注册证明及授权书；（六）其他相关材料。国家发展改革委会同财政部、工业和信息化部组织专家对上报材料进行审核，公示推广企业、产品规格型号，并根据推广企业产品规格型号调整等情况对目录实行动态管理。六、补贴资金申请和拨付（一）省级节能主管部门、工业和信息化部门对本地区年度推广使用情况进行调查摸底，组织用户推广高效节能空压机，将有关情况告知同级财政部门，并上报国家发展改革委、工业和信息化部。（二）财政部根据调查摸底和各省需求情况测算补贴资金规模，并将补贴资金预拨到省级财政部门。（三）有关单位、企业购买并安装国家公布的目录内高效节能空压机后，填报购买安装情况、补贴资金申报表（具体要求见附件2），并提供购买发票复印件等证明材料，到企业所在地财政部门申请补贴资金。具体资金拨付办法由省级财政部门制订。（四）各地财政部门根据购买安装单位、企业提供的相关材料及时拨付补贴资金，并会同节能主管部门、工业和信息化部门及时将相关信息录入“节能产品惠民工程”信息管理系统。（五）月度终了后10日内，省级财政部门、节能主管部门、工业和信息化部门将本地区上月推广使用和资金拨付情况进行汇总审核，并上报财政部、国家发展改革委、工业和信息化部（具体要求见附件3）。（六）工业和信息化部会同财政部、国家发展改革委组织有关机构对推广使用情况进行监督检查。（七）年度终了后30日内，省级财政部门提出年度补贴资金清算报告，上报财政部、工业和信息化部、国家发展改革委。（八）财政部将根据地方上报的补贴资金清算报告及工信部出具的监督检查意见，对补贴资金进行清算。七、罚则（一）对企业弄虚作假，采取通报批评、取消高效节能空压机推广资格、列入诚信“黑名单”并在媒体上曝光、追缴补贴资金并加倍处罚等方式予以处罚。（二）对未按规定进行检测或出具虚假检测报告的第三方能效检测机构，将采取通报批评、取消其节能产品惠民工程能效检测资格等方式予以处罚，并追究相关责任。（三）地方相关部门对申请材料的真实性负责。一经查出有弄虚作假行为，将依照相关规定予以处罚。附件：1.高效节能空压机推广生产企业申请报告2.高效节能空压机购买单位财政补贴申请报告3.高效节能空压机月度推广情况报告