环境信息披露案例研究论文

财务管理里面有很多版块的专业知识，比如筹资、投资、运营资本、成本管理、收入分配等，可以在京东商业模式中抽出上面的一部分进行研究，比如京东商业模式中的运营资本管理。

学术堂整理了一些新颖又好写的会计专业毕业论文题目,供大家进行参考:重污染行业环境信息披露研究--以宝钢股份为例上市公司财务报表分析--基于海尔和美的电器的对比南京银行资产负债表分析碳信息披露问题探讨高股价公司具有投资价值吗?--基于贵州茅台的案例分析对上市公司财务舞弊问题的探讨 --以江苏雅百特科技股份有限公司为例供给侧改革与公司财务创新研究--以雅戈尔集团为例证监会行政处罚对会计师事务所审计质量的影响研究我国当前个人所得税流失的原因分析及其对策研究上市公司财务报表分析--以美的集团为例企业家背景特征、产权性质与环境信息披露--来自中国重污染上市公司的经验数据公允价值计量属性运用现状及完善对策研究论财务共享服务(FSS)对传统会计工作的影响试论中小企业会计信息化应用利润波动与CSR信息披露的相关性研究公共信息服务的PPP模式选择研究

环境会计产生的环境 回顾环境会计产生和发展二十多年的历史，可以看出环境会计是在自然环境遭受严重破坏、生态环境严重恶化、经济发展的物质基础受到威胁的背景下，人们在分析了传统会计理论和方法的局限性基础上提出的。 环境状况的恶化对经济活动主体提出新的要求。 人类在生产和生活过程中，不断从自然界取得资源，同时又将生产和生活中产生的废物排放到环境中去。随着经济的发展和人口的增长，人类要求从自然界取得的资源越来越多，同时排放到自然界中的废物也越来越多，超过了自然界的承受能力，导致生态破坏、环境污染等一系列环境问题。目前，世界各国都不同程度的存在着环境污染和生态破坏问题，各国的环境问题又共同造成了全球性的环境问题。 面对越来越严重的环境问题，各国提高了对环境问题的重视程度，在世界范围内寻求合作以解决治理环境的国际协调问题。1987年，联合国世界环境与发展委员会提出了可持续发展战略，作为指导各国环境与发展实践的共同战略。所谓可持续发展是指既满足当代人的需要，以不对后代人满足其需要的能力构成危害的发展模式，其实质在于限制、调整人类的各种活动特别是经济活动，在经济社会的发展过程中解决各种环境问题，使经济社会的发展建立在环境资源可以承受的基础上，并促使其充分、持久地发展，从而最大限度地满足当代人和后代人的需要。 我国20年来的改革开放促进了经济发展和国民经济高速增长，创造了巨大的物质财富，人民生活有了较大提高，但由于对资源开发强度过大，造成环境污染，水土流失，耕地面积减少，资源耗竭速度提高，大量物种濒临灭绝等环境问题。98年特大洪水在一定程度上就是由于沿江植被遭到破坏，水土流失严重造成的。 我国政府近年来加大了环境保护方面的法制建设和资金投入，取得了一定的效果，但也存在着投入总量不足、环保效益和经济效益差等问题。在总量上，发达国家环境保护投入平均占GNP的1％－2％，我国仅占％，且由于我国环保历史欠帐较多，投入总量更显不足。在效益上，由于对环境资源的过度开发和浪费缺乏有效的监督和控制，现阶段仅仅从法律监督和行政管理方面对破坏环境的行为进行控制，而没有健全、系统的量化指标把企业的环保责任和经济效益联系起来，把保护环境变为企业的自觉行为。企业还没有把环境保护作为企业生存和发展的一个必要条件，没有把环境保护作为企业扩大市场占有率、提高经济效益的重要手段，认为进行环保投入和技改得不到切实的回报，积极性较差。为提高环保投入产出率，改善环保工作的效果，确保人类社会的可持续发展，利用会计手段对环境资源和环保责任进行计量和控制，研究专门的会计方法体系是十分必要的。 1. 企业适应环境要求，提高经济效益的必由之路。 企业要实现长期生存和稳定发展，必须树立适应环境的观念，社会环境是企业生存和发展的制度基础，而自然环境则是企业生存和发展的物质基础。传统观点认为：企业必须尽可能地适应社会环境，寻求最佳投资环境、融资环境、市场环境和政策环境，才能求得长期生存和稳定发展。而从可持续发展观点看来：企业的生存和发展需要不断地从自然环境中取得资源，又要不断地将废物排放到环境中去，如果企业没有一个持续、稳定的自然环境作为物质基础，求得与自然环境的和谐共生，企业的长期生存和稳定发展只能是空谈。 现实生活中，人们的环境保护意识不断增强，越来越要求企业提供更多的绿色产品，企业立足自身经济利益，也应增强环保意识，增大环保投入，降低能源消耗，细化环保投入和产出的计量，计量取得的环境资源、负有的环保责任和发生的环境费用，确认取得的环境收益或损失。这样才能全面的衡量企业的效益状况，为企业目标的实现提供真实、可靠的信息。 2. 传统会计模式的局限性 传统会计的目标是借助会计对经济活动进行核算和监督，为经营管理提供财务信息，并考核经营责任，从而取得最大的经济效益。传统会计侧重于从人类经济活动的角度出发，着眼于对自然资源的开发利用，没有将环境所带来的经济问题纳入会计研究的范围，表现为会计信息披露不充分和会计循环过程的不完整。传统会计没有将环境所带来的经济问题纳入会计研究的范围，缺乏对企业环境资源、环境责任和环境费用的计量，缺乏对企业取得的环境收益或损失的确认。传统会计没有把企业视为与环境共生的经济体，没有认识到经济运转和自然环境循环是紧密联系在一起的。认为经济循环从企业从环境中取得资源开始，到企业实现其产品，取得经济收益结束。忽视了环境对企业的影响和企业对环境的影响，忽视了环境自身的物质补偿过程和企业环境中取得资源造成的企业对环境的补偿责任。具体而言，没有将环境资源确认为资产，没有将企业应承担的环保责任确认为负债，没有将环境资本确认为所有者权益，没有确认环境收入和费用以及环境利润。导致上述问题的原因是，传统会计认为没有凝结人类一般劳动的环境资源是没有价值的，不必对之进行确认和计量。应当看到，环境资源具有社会产品具有的有效用性和稀缺性，应当并可能对其进行确认和计量。environmental accounting environmental Recalling the development of environmental accounting and have more than two decades of history, can be seen in the natural environment, environmental accounting is severely damaged, a serious deterioration of the ecological environment, the material basis of economic development against the backdrop of threats to people in the traditional analysis of accounting theory and methods On the basis of the limitations. The deterioration of environmental conditions on the economic activities of the main new requirements. In the production and life of mankind, made from natural resources will have a life of the production and discharge of waste into the environment. With the economic development and population growth, from the nature of human resources to achieve more and more, at the same time released into the nature of the waste more and more, exceeding the tolerance of the natural world, leading to ecological damage, environmental pollution, such as a Series of environmental problems. At present, all countries in the world there are different levels of environmental pollution and ecological damage, environmental problems also led to a common global environmental problems. In the face of increasingly serious environmental problems, raised the importance of environmental issues, around the world to seek cooperation to address environmental issues of international coordination. In 1987, the United Nations World Commission on Environment and Development put forward a strategy of sustainable development as a national guidance on Environment and Development, the common practice of the strategy. The so-called sustainable development means not only meets the needs of the people, not to future generations to meet their own needs the ability to pose a hazard model of development and its essence is to limit the adjustment of human activities, especially economic activities in the economic and social development In solving environmental problems, so that the economic and social development in the establishment of environmental resources to bear on the basis of, and to its full and lasting development in order to satisfy current and future generations. China's 20 years of reform and opening to promote the economic development of the national economy and rapid growth has created tremendous material wealth, the people's living standard has improved greatly, but on the strength of resource development is too large, causing environmental pollution, soil erosion, reduction of arable land , To increase the speed of resource depletion, a large number of endangered species such as the environment. 98-year flood to a certain extent is due to the destruction of vegetation along the river, caused serious soil erosion. In recent years, China's government increased the legal system of environmental protection and investment, has achieved some results, but there is a total lack of inputs, inefficiency and poor economic returns. In total, the Environmental Protection developed into an average of 1% of GNP accounted for -2%, China accounted for only percent, and as a result of China's environmental history, more debt, the total investment is even more inadequate. In terms of effectiveness, as a result of over-exploitation of environmental resources and a waste of a lack of effective supervision and control at this stage only from a legal and administrative supervision of the destruction of the environment control, and no sound system of quantitative indicators of the enterprises Responsibility for environmental and economic benefits linked to the protection of the environment into a business conscious act. Environmental protection enterprises have not as a corporate survival and development of a necessary condition, not as an environmental protection enterprises to expand market share, an important means to enhance economic efficiency, environmental protection that are not practical technical inputs and the return of the more active Poor. In order to enhance environmental protection input-output, improving the effectiveness of environmental protection to ensure sustainable development of human society, the means of accounting for the use of environmental resources and environmental responsibility and control measures, the study of specialized accounting system is essential. 1. Enterprises to adapt to environmental requirements, the only way to increase economic efficiency. To achieve long-term business survival and development of a stable, we must foster the idea to adapt to the environment, social environment for enterprises to survive and develop on the basis of the system, and the natural environment is the existence and development of enterprises on the basis of the material. The traditional view: companies must adapt to the social environment as much as possible, to seek the best investment environment, financial environment, the market environment and policy environment in order to achieve stability and development of long-term survival. From the point of view of sustainable development: the survival and development of enterprises need to obtain resources from the natural environment, but also will continue to discharge waste into the environment, if companies do not have a sustained and stable environment as a material foundation, To achieve harmony with the natural environment, Symbiotic, enterprises and the steady development of long-term survival can only be empty talk. In real life, people's awareness of environmental protection, growing more and more requests to provide more green products, companies based on their own economic interests, should also enhance environmental awareness, increasing environmental protection input and reduce energy consumption, environmental protection, investment and Refinement The output measures, measures to achieve environmental resources, has the responsibility for environmental protection and environmental costs, to obtain recognition of the environmental gains or losses. Only in this way can a comprehensive measure of the effectiveness of business conditions, corporate objectives to provide a true and reliable information. 2. Limitations of the traditional accounting model Traditional accounting with the goal of accounting for economic activities and supervision of accounting, business management for the provision of financial information, assessment and accountability, so as to maximize economic benefits. The traditional emphasis on accounting from the human point of view of economic activity, focusing on the development and utilization of natural resources, not the economic environment into the accounting of the scope, accounting for the performance of inadequate disclosure and accounting of the cycle is not complete . Traditional accounting does not brought about by the economic environment into the accounting of the scope, lack of resources in the enterprise environment, environmental responsibility and environmental costs of the measures, lack of access to the corporate environment or loss of revenue recognition. Not the traditional accounting business environment, Symbiotic and as the economy has not recognized the functioning of the economic cycle and the natural environment are closely linked. That the economic cycle from the corporate environment to obtain resources from the beginning to achieve its business products, to obtain the end of the economic benefits. Ignoring the environmental impact of corporate and business impact on the environment, environmental neglect their own material and the process of compensation and business environment to obtain resources of the corporate environmental liability. In particular, there is no environmental resources will be recognized as assets, not companies should bear the responsibility for environmental protection recognized as liabilities, not the environment identified as the owner's equity capital, there is no confirmation of income and the cost of the environment and environmental profits. These led to the cause of the problem is that traditional accounting in general do not think there is condensation of human labor, environmental resources is of no value, no need for the confirmed and measured. It should be noted that the community has the resources and the environment with the products and effective use of scarce, it should be and could be identified and measured.

写京东企业我觉得比较大，因为大的企业的问题不是学生能分析出来的，如果学生能分析出来企业还能发展？个人建议写一些比较小的企业，这样论文分析问题，解决问题就比较合理，如果老师规定的写京东，那就写一些，融资，内部控制，盈利能力，偿债能力之类的。

环境会计信息披露论文不难写。

环境会计信息的内容如下：

(一)、环境资产或环境成本。

环境资产是指由于符合资产的确认标准而被资本化的环境成本。环境成本是指本着对环境负责的原则，为企业管理活动对环境造成的影响而采取或被要求采取的措施的成本，以及企业因执行环境目标和要求所付出的其它成本。比如，避免和鼾废物，保持和提高空气质量，开发更有利于环境的产品，开展环境审计和检查等方面的成本都属于环境成本的范畴。

(二)、环境负债。

环境负债是指企业发生的，符合负债确认标准，并与环境成本相关的义务。其含义为确认负债不一定要有法律上的强制性义务。企业可能将其超出法律规定的标准清除污染作为自己的政策，主要是基于本企业商业信誉的考虑。在这种情况下确认为环境负债，需要企业管理部门作出有关环境成本的承诺，否则不能视为环境负债。

(三)、环境收益。

环境收益是指会计主体保护环境资源所得到的收益。因为企业积极参与治理污染极有可能会直接或间接产生某种收益。比如利用三废生产产品将会享受对流转税、所得税等税种免税或减税的优惠政策，从而增加税后净收益；从国有银行或环保机关取得低息或无息贷款所形成的隐含收益。

由于采取某种污染控制措施而从政府取得的不需偿还的补助或价格补贴；企业主动采取措施治理环境污染昕发生的支出可能会低于过去交纳的排污费、罚款和赔付而赚取机会收益等等。

(四)、环境支出。

根据我国现行有关法律的精神，企业生产经营活动对环境造成的损害需要以污染后的某种支出洚为赔付和补偿；按照预防为主的原则，企业也可能会在生产经营过程中或前采取积极的措施，进行主动治理可能发生的污染。

也就是说，从事与环境有关的活动，势必造成某种支出的发生。支出的形态多种多样，如：环境管理费用、环境监测支出、排污收费、污染严重限期治理的停工损失、降低污染和改善环境的研究与开发支出、为进行清洁生产和申请绿色标志而专门发生的费用等等，这些支出会影响到企业当期或多期的损益。

(五)、环境绩效。

环境绩效是塑造企业环境形象的关键根据使用对象的要求，环境会计信息中反映环境绩效的内容应包括三方面：

1、环境法规执行情况。包括执行的成绩干“未能执行的原因。

2、环境质量情况。

3、环境治理和污染物利用情况。

一、税务方面 1. 税务筹划在企业经济活动中的具体应用 2. 我国增值税纳税筹划若干问题的分析 3. 企业合理避税的分析 4. 税务会计原则与财务会计原则的比较与思考 5. 企业纳税筹划中应遵循的原则 6. 商业企业纳税筹划问题的探讨 7. 关于企业集团税收筹划 8. 新企业会计准则下的所得税会计问题 9. 企业所得税纳税筹划问题 10. 对我国避税与反避税问题的探讨 11. 我国企业税务筹划的现状分析及改进建议 12. 我国税制改革与企业所得税筹划 二、审计方面 1.基于审计质量视角的审计判断问题的探讨 1. 审计风险成因及其防范控制问题的探讨 2. 提高审计质量对策的探讨 3. 强化内部审计工作建立健全企业内部制度 4. 注册会计师审计风险的控制与规避 5. 谈内部审计存在的问题及对策 6. 中国绩效审计的现状分析 7. 注册会计师审计风险控制探讨 8. 注册会计师审计风险评价与控制 9. 试论上市公司审计风险 10. 政府绩效审计的探讨 11. 高校内部经济责任审计问题的探讨 12. 审计质量与审计人员素质问题的探讨三、公允价值方面 1. 公允价值计量模式问题的探讨 2. 公允价值及其对银行业上市公司的影响 3. 公允价值应用问题的探讨 4. 公允价值应用的思考和展望 5. 投资性房地产行业中的公允价值应用问题 6. 公允价值计量给企业带来的影响 7. 公允价值会计应用中存在的问题及解决的对策 8. 完善公允价值会计应用问题的探讨 9. 公允价值计量与公允价值会计的探讨 10. 各种计量方法的比较问题 11. 公允价值会计的内部控制问题 四、成本方面 1. 对企业成本管理相关问题的分析 2. 高新技术企业成本管理特点分析 3. 现代企业成本管理观念问题的探讨 4. 战略成本管理问题的探讨 5. 企业成本管理的分析与强化对策 6. 管理会计的变革与作业成本法 7. 作业成本法应用问题的探讨 8. 企业成本管理几个问题的探讨 9. 完全成本法、制造成本法与作业成本法 10. 成本核算分步法应用问题的探讨 11. 对企业成本管理相关问题的分析 12. 作业成本法在电力企业的应用